Solenoid Valve, Assembly and Method of Replacing a Diaphragm

Abstract

A solenoid valve has a housing which comprises a first and a second housing part, wherein a flexible diaphragm is arranged between the first and the second housing part. A movably mounted actuating element is provided which is connected to the diaphragm and detaches the diaphragm from a valve seat in an operating position of the first and the second housing part upon movement into an open position, and which presses the diaphragm onto the valve seat upon movement into a closed position. The first and the second housing part can take up a service position in which the diaphragm is accessible. The diaphragm is connected with a positive fit to the actuating element in a nondestructively detachable manner such that in the service position, the diaphragm can be removed from the actuating element by releasing the positive fit and can be connected thereto by establishing a positive fit. An assembly and a method of replacing a diaphragm are furthermore proposed.

Claims

1. A moisture-curable one-pack composition that can be activated by irradiation with actinic radiation, comprising one or more moisture-curable compounds (A) selected from the group of alkoxy silanes; at least one acid generator (B) releasing an acid when exposed to actinic radiation, and at least one carbonyl compound and/or carbonyl derivative (C) selected from the group of aldehydes, ketones, hemiacetals or hemiketals.

2. The one-pack composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the one-pack composition cures without the ingress of external moisture after activation of the composition by irradiation.

3. The one-pack composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the alkoxy silane of component (A) comprises an at least bifunctional alkoxy silane, preferably a bifunctional α-alkoxy silane.

4. The one-pack composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the one-pack composition additionally comprises at least one catalyst (E) for silane crosslinking, preferably an acid catalyst.

5. The one-pack composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the one-pack composition additionally comprises at least one radiation-curable compound (F) and at least one radical photoinitiator (G).

6. The one-pack composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the one-pack composition comprises at least one compound from the group of alcohols and/or thiols, preferably an aliphatic alcohol and/or an aliphatic thiol, more preferably a dialcohol and/or a dithiol, particularly preferably 1,2-dialcohols, 1,3-dialcohols, 1,2-dithiols or 1,3-dithiols, and mixtures thereof.

7. The one-pack composition according to claim 1, comprising: (A) at least one moisture-curable compound in a proportion of 10 to 99 wt-%, wherein the moisture-curable compound comprises at least one bifunctional alkoxy silane (A1) and optionally a monofunctional alkoxy silane (A2); (B) at least one acid generator in a proportion of 0.0001 to 3 wt-%, preferably 0.001 to 1 wt-%; (C) at least one carbonyl compound and/or carbonyl derivative in a proportion of 0.3 to 15 wt-%; (D) at least one compound from the group of alcohols and/or thiols in a proportion of 0 to 30 wt-% or preferably 0.1 to 20 wt-%; (E) at least one catalyst for silane crosslinking in a proportion of 0 to 20 wt-%, preferably 0.1 to 5 wt-%; more preferably in the form of an acid catalyst; (F) at least one radiation-curable compound in a proportion of 0 to 50 wt-%, preferably 5 to 50 wt-%; (G) at least one radical photoinitiator in a proportion of 0 to 5 wt-%, preferably 0.01 to 5 wt-%; and (H) at least one additive (H) in a proportion of 0 to 70 wt-%; preferably selected from the group of fillers, colorants, pigments, photosensitizers, anti-ageing agents, fluorescent agents, stabilizers, moisture scavengers, accelerators, adhesion promoters, crosslinking agents, flow improvers, wetting agents, thixotropic agents, diluents, flexibilizers, polymeric thickeners, flame retardants, corrosion inhibitors, plasticizers and tackifiers, alone or in combination with each other; each based on the total weight of components (A) bis (H).

8. The one-pack composition according to claim 7, characterized in that the composition consists of components (A), (B), (C) and optionally at least one of components (D) and (H).

9. The one-pack composition according to claim 7, characterized in that the one-pack composition contains the at least one radiation-curable compound (F) in a proportion of 5 to 50 wt-% and the radical photoinitiator (G) in a proportion of 0.01 to 5 wt-%.

10. The one-pack composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the composition, after activation by irradiation, cures in less than 7 days, preferably within 24 h and particularly preferably within at most 6 h.

11. The one-pack composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the viscosity of the one-pack composition changes by less than 100% after a 7-day storage at room temperature.

12. A use of the one-pack composition according to claim 1 as an adhesive or sealant for the bonding, casting, molding, sealing and coating of substrates.

13. A method for the bonding, molding, sealing and coating of substrates using the one-pack composition according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: a) dosing the one-pack composition onto a first substrate; b) activating the composition by irradiation with actinic radiation of a suitable wavelength during a sufficiently long period of time to release an acid from the acid generator (B); c) optionally supplying a second substrate to the activated one-pack composition within an open time while forming a substrate composite; and d) maintaining a waiting time until a first strength of the composition on the substrate or in the substrate composite is achieved.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that activation of the one-pack composition is performed in a flow apparatus.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] FIG. 1 shows a solenoid valve according to the invention in a first embodiment in a schematic sectional view in an operating position;

[0064] FIG. 2 shows the solenoid valve of FIG. 1 in a schematic perspective view in a service position;

[0065] FIG. 3 shows components of the solenoid valve of FIG. 1 in an exploded view;

[0066] FIG. 4 shows an enlarged detail of FIG. 1;

[0067] FIG. 5 shows a schematic perspective view of an actuating element of the solenoid valve of FIG. 1;

[0068] FIGS. 6 to 8 show details of the diaphragm and of the actuating element; and

[0069] FIGS. 9 to 11 show a solenoid valve according to the invention in a second embodiment in schematic exploded views and in a sectional view.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The figures show a solenoid valve 10 in the form of a diaphragm valve which is configured as a 3/2-way valve.

[0071] FIGS. 1 to 5 show a first embodiment, and FIGS. 6 to 8 show a second embodiment.

[0072] A housing 12 of the solenoid valve 10 comprises a first housing part 14 and a second housing part 16 which together can enclose an interior space, a diaphragm 18 being arranged in a parting plane E (see FIG. 1) between the two housing parts 14, 16.

[0073] The diaphragm 18 separates a fluid-carrying control space 20 from a driving side on which a drive 22 is provided. The diaphragm 18 prevents the driving side from coming into contact with the fluid in the control space 20.

[0074] The first housing part 14 includes a plurality of fluid ducts 24, in this case three fluid ducts. The two outer fluid ducts 24 are here each connected to a valve seat 26 opening into the control space 20.

[0075] The diaphragm 18 also performs the function of alternately closing and releasing one of the valve seats 26 to supply fluid through the solenoid valve 10. In this case, the center fluid channel 24 is not assigned to any valve seat and serves as an feed line or discharge line for a conveyed fluid.

[0076] FIG. 1 shows the solenoid valve 10 in normal operation, the housing parts 14, 16 being in an operating position in which the two housing parts 14, 16 lie on top of each other so as to confine the diaphragm 18 in an interior space. In the operating position, a peripheral edge 28 of the diaphragm 18 is clamped between the housing parts 14, 16. The diaphragm 18 is not accessible from the outside.

[0077] A movably mounted actuating element 30, which is configured here as a rocker having two arms 32 that can be pivoted about an axis 34, is arranged in the second housing part 16 (see also FIG. 3). In the area of the axis 34, the actuating element 30 is pivotably mounted in the second housing part 16.

[0078] The drive 22 acts on one of the arms 32 (the right arm in FIG. 2) via a plunger 36, so that the actuating element 30 can be pivoted between two positions by the drive 22. The diaphragm 18 is respectively pressed onto one of the valve seats 26, which corresponds to a closed position with respect to this valve seat 26, and lifted off the other valve seat 26, which corresponds to an open position of this valve seat 26.

[0079] To reset the actuating element 30, it is biased by a return spring 38 which acts on the arm 32 of the actuating element 30 on which the plunger 36 of the drive 22 does not act, here the left arm 32.

[0080] The diaphragm 18 is fixed with a positive fit to the actuating element 30.

[0081] For this purpose, two rigid connecting sections 40 are provided on the actuating element 30, which each terminate in a first rigid fastening structure 42. The connecting sections 40 and the first fastening structures 42 are here formed in one piece with the actuating element 30.

[0082] The fastening structure 42 is here mushroom-shaped with a circular cross-section over the entire length.

[0083] Two second fastening structures 44 are provided on the diaphragm 18, the shape of which is complementary to the first fastening structures 42 such that the fastening structures 42, 44 can engage each other with a positive fit.

[0084] Here, the second fastening structures 44 project from the surface of the diaphragm 18 and are integrally formed with the diaphragm 18 in this example. The second fastening structures 44 are therefore made of the same material as the diaphragm 18 and are thus elastically deformable.

[0085] In the embodiment shown here, the first fastening structures 42 are formed on the actuating element 30 as protrusions having rounded, thickened free ends, and the second fastening structures 44 are formed on the diaphragm 18 as hollow-cylindrical receptacles.

[0086] Here, the positive fit (see FIG. 4) between the first fastening structures 42 and the second fastening structures 44 is further enhanced in that each of the fastening structures 42, 44 has an undercut 100 (see also FIGS. 7 and 8). The undercut 100 is formed as a peripheral annular groove 46 between the free end of the protrusion and the plate-shaped rest of the actuating element 30 in the case of the first fastening structure 42 and as a peripheral projection 48 in the case of the second fastening structure 44. When the diaphragm 18 is mounted on the actuating element 30, the projection 48 engages into the annular groove 46 and thus securely and firmly holds the diaphragm 18 in contact with the actuating element 30 under the forces occurring during normal operation in the operating position when supplying fluid.

[0087] The radial depth of the annular groove 46 should be chosen as large as possible, whereas the radius 49 at the transition from the free end of the protrusion into the annular groove 46 should be chosen as small as possible to be able to form a corresponding projection 48 having a large radial depth and a largest possible mass. However, the radius 49 is in particular always chosen large enough such that a detaching of the diaphragm 18 remains possible.

[0088] The undercut 100 of the protrusion (see FIG. 7) has a volume V1 which, in relation to the volume V2 of the radially protruding free end of the protrusion, as measured from the narrowest point (see radius r) of the undercut 100, is in the range of 1 to 1.4. To determine the volume V2, a fictitious cylinder having a radius r is taken which mentally separates the downward and radially outwardly projecting thickening 102 of the protrusion. The volume V1 is obtained as the volume of the undercut 100 relative to a fictitious cylinder of radius R, i.e. the radius at the thickest point of the protruding material 102 at the free end of the protrusion. This feature is expressly not limited to the variant shown having the previously indicated angles, but applies generally to all possible variants of the present invention.

[0089] The radii r′ and R′ of the receptacle (see FIG. 8) are minimally smaller than the associated radii r and R, respectively, to realize a light press fit.

[0090] An angle β between the transition of the annular groove 46 into the free end (thickening) and a central axis of the protrusion is therefore always significantly smaller than 90°, in particular smaller than 60° (see also FIGS. 7 and 8). This angle forms a cone tangentially adjoining the radius 49.

[0091] In the example shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the edge of the receptacle has an insertion bevel 51 which facilitates insertion of the rounded or beveled free end of the protrusion into the receptacle, since the open end of the receptacle can slightly widen, thus reducing the necessary insertion force.

[0092] An angle γ enclosed by the insertion bevel 51 along with the longitudinal axis of the receptacle is, for example, about 60° to 70° and is usually larger than the angle β. This angle forms the mating cone which tangentially adjoins the radius in the annular groove 26.

[0093] The outer contour of the first fastening structure 42 and the inner contour of the second fastening structure 44 are here substantially identical, such that the diaphragm 18 completely rests against the protrusion in the receptacle, when the diaphragm 18 is mounted (see FIG. 4, for example). To this end, in the example of FIGS. 6 to 8, the first fastening structure 42 has an inclined surface 53 at the transition to the connecting element 40, which corresponds to the insertion bevel 51 on the diaphragm 18.

[0094] The two connecting sections 40 having the first fastening structures 42 are here each assigned to one of the valve seats 26 and are correspondingly arranged in the area of the two valve seats 26.

[0095] A flat underside of the first fastening structures 42 respectively forms a contact surface 50 against which the diaphragm 18 rests and which supports the diaphragm 18 when the latter rests on the valve seat 26.

[0096] This contact surface 50 is here chosen slightly larger than the surface of the valve seat 26 such that the diaphragm 18 is supported by the first fastening structure 42 over the entire surface of the valve seat 26.

[0097] As shown in FIG. 4, the two contact surfaces 50 are inclined in opposite angles α, when the actuating element 30 is in an unloaded, symmetric position. This angle α corresponds to a maximum pivot angle of the actuating element 30 between the open position and the closed position of the respective valve seat 26 such that in the closed position for the respective valve seat 26, the contact surface 50 rests thereon in a flat manner and the entire area of the valve seat 26 is uniformly loaded.

[0098] The second fastening structures 44 on the diaphragm 18 are accordingly formed such that there is a zero-play contact on the contact surfaces 50.

[0099] Laterally to the connecting sections 40, free spaces 51 are provided in the second housing part 16 which give the diaphragm 18 a predetermined freedom of movement (see FIG. 4).

[0100] The diaphragm 18 is designed to be replaced as a wearing part.

[0101] According to a first embodiment, the two housing parts 14, 16 are connected to each other at an edge, here a narrow side, via a hinge 52. This can be seen, for example, in FIGS. 1 and 2.

[0102] To this end, hinge elements are integrally formed on both housing parts 14, 16, by means of which a hinge pin is shifted which connects the housing parts 14, 16 to each other. The housing 12 can be unfolded at the hinge 52 into the service position shown in FIG. 2, in which the interior between the two housing parts 14, 16 and thus also the diaphragm is accessible.

[0103] If the diaphragm 18 has to be replaced, it is nondestructively withdrawn from the first fastening structures 42 of the actuating element 30 when the housing 12 is in the service position of FIG. 2. Then, a new diaphragm 18 is mounted in that the second fastening structures 44 thereof are pulled, so to speak buttoned onto the first fastening structures 42 of the actuating element 30. The second fastening structures 44 are elastically deformed, and the undercuts engage each other so that the annular projections 48 come to rest in the annular grooves 46.

[0104] When the positive fit of the diaphragm 18 with the actuating element 30 is established, the housing parts 14, 16 are again folded together into the operating position, the peripheral edge 28 of the diaphragm 18 being clamped between the two housing parts 14, 16.

[0105] Both the movement of the housing parts 14, 16 between the operating position and the service position and the replacement of the diaphragm 18 may be carried out without tools, if necessary.

[0106] An undesired opening of the housing 12 is prevented by a locking mechanism 53. The latter comprises a locking component 54 (see also FIG. 3) which fixes the two housing parts 14, 16 to each other in the operating position.

[0107] In this example, the locking component 54 is formed by a kind of clamp which is pushed in a longitudinal direction L of the housing 12 and of the actuating element 30 onto flat lateral edges of the housing parts 14, 16 which form bar structures 56. In a locked position of the locking component 54, the housing parts 14, 16 are thus held in the operating position and are prevented from moving away from each other. If the housing 12 is to be moved into the service position, the locking component 54 is first withdrawn along the longitudinal direction L before the housing parts 14, 16 are unfolded.

[0108] FIGS. 9 to 11 show a second embodiment of a solenoid valve 10. The essential difference to the first embodiment is the type of the locking mechanism 53.

[0109] In this example, the locking mechanism 53 comprises a clamp mechanism 58 which is provided on a narrow side of the housing 12. The clamp mechanism 58 is configured like a known clip closure and has a pivotable clip 60 which can engage in a recess 64 formed as an undercut with a contact face 62 at the free end thereof. The clip 60 thus corresponds to the locking component 54 and the contact surface 62 to the bar structure 56.

[0110] The clip 60 is here arranged on the second housing part 16, whereas the recess 64 is formed on the first housing part 14.

[0111] The locking and unlocking of the locking mechanism 53 in the form of the clamp mechanism 58 is here possible without tools, i.e. only by hand force.

[0112] A hinge 52 is provided on the narrow side of the housing 12 opposite the clamp mechanism 58, around which the housing parts 14, 16 can be pivoted when the clip 60 is detached. However, if the clamp mechanism 58 is locked and the clip 60 engages in the recess 64, the housing parts 14, 16 cannot be moved relative to each other.

[0113] In this example, the hinge 52 is formed by a hook-shaped strip 66 on the second housing part 16 and a protrusion 68 on the first housing part 14 which engages into the depression 70 formed by the strip 66.

[0114] The clip 60 and/or the strip 66 may of course also be provided on the first housing part 14.

[0115] In the variant shown in FIG. 6, a clamp mechanism 58 is respectively provided on both narrow sides of the housing 12. For unlocking, both clips 60 have to be opened and accordingly have to be closed again for locking. A hinge is not provided in this configuration.

[0116] The positive connection between the diaphragm 18 and the actuating element 30 enables, by unfolding the housing 12, the replacement of the diaphragm 18 and thus the further use of the solenoid valve 10.