ROTARY DRUM FILTER DECK ASSEMBLY COMPRISING A CLIP

Abstract

An engagement assembly for a rotary drum filter, the engagement assembly includes a retaining clip having a body, a first shelf extending outwardly from the body in a first direction and a second shelf extending outwardly from the body in a direction opposite the first direction; and an S-clip having a major concave area configured to receive a leading end or a trailing end of a filter plate, and a minor concave area, and configured to receive the first shelf or the second shelf of the retaining clip.

Claims

1. An engagement assembly for a rotary drum filter, the engagement assembly comprising: a retaining clip having a body, a first shelf extending outwardly from the body in a first direction and a second shelf extending outwardly from the body in a direction opposite the first direction; and an S-clip having a major concave area configured to receive a leading end or a trailing end of a filter plate, and a minor concave area configured to receive the first shelf or the second shelf of the retaining clip.

2. The engagement assembly of claim 1, wherein: the major concave area is disposed adjacent to the minor concave area, the minor concave area is separated from the major concave area by a body strip of the S-clip, and wherein the minor concave area is disposed in a direction that is opposite of a direction of the major concave area.

3. The engagement assembly of claim 1, wherein the S-clip further comprises: a first horizontal strip configured to engage to a first vertical strip at a first end of the first vertical strip; and a horizontal body strip having a first end configured to engage the first vertical strip at a second end of the first vertical strip, wherein the first end of the first vertical strip is distally disposed from the second end of the first vertical strip, and wherein the first horizontal strip, first vertical strip, and horizontal body strip define the major concave area.

4. The engagement assembly of claim 3, wherein the S-clip further comprises: a second vertical strip having a first end and a second end, wherein the second end of the second vertical strip is configured to engage a second end of the horizontal body strip; and a second horizontal strip configured to engage the first end of the second vertical strip, wherein the second end of the horizontal body strip is distally disposed from the first end of the horizontal body strip, wherein the second end of the second vertical strip is distally disposed from the first end of the second vertical strip, and wherein the second horizontal strip, the second vertical strip, and the horizontal body strip define the minor concave area.

5. The engagement assembly of claim 1, wherein the major concave area surrounds a leading end of the filter plate and a trailing end of the filter plate.

6. The engagement assembly of claim 1, wherein a height of the major concave area is greater than a height of the leading end of the filter plate and the trailing end of the filter plate.

7. The engagement assembly of claim 1, wherein the S-clip comprises stainless steel or a polymer configured to be heat resistant up to 200 degrees Fahrenheit.

8. A filter deck assembly for a rotary drum filter, the filter deck assembly comprising: a filter plate having a leading end distally disposed from a trailing end; and an engagement assembly configured to engage the filter plate, the engagement assembly comprising: a retaining clip having a body, a first shelf extending outwardly from the body in a first direction and a second shelf extending outwardly from the body in a direction opposite the first direction; and an S-clip having a major concave area configured to receive the leading end or the trailing end of the filter plate, and a minor concave area configured to receive the first shelf or the second shelf of the retaining clip.

9. The filter deck assembly of claim 8, wherein: the major concave area is disposed adjacent to the minor concave area, the minor concave area is separated from the major concave area by a body strip of the S-clip, and wherein the minor concave area is disposed in a direction that is opposite of a direction of the major concave area.

10. The filter deck assembly of claim 8, wherein the S-clip further comprises: a first horizontal strip configured to engage to a first vertical strip at a first end of the first vertical strip; and a horizontal body strip having a first end configured to engage the first vertical strip at a second end of the first vertical strip, wherein the first end of the first vertical strip is distally disposed from the second end of the first vertical strip, and wherein the first horizontal strip, first vertical strip, and horizontal body strip define the major concave area.

11. The filter deck assembly of claim 10, wherein the S-clip further comprises: a second vertical strip having a first end and a second end, wherein the second end of the second vertical strip is configured to engage a second end of the horizontal body strip; and a second horizontal strip configured to engage the first end of the second vertical strip, wherein the second end of the horizontal body strip is distally disposed from the first end of the horizontal body strip, wherein the second end of the second vertical strip is distally disposed from the first end of the second vertical strip, and wherein the second horizontal strip, the second vertical strip, and the horizontal body strip define the minor concave area.

12. The filter deck assembly of claim 8, wherein the major concave area surrounds a leading end of the filter plate and a trailing end of the filter plate.

13. The filter deck assembly of claim 8, wherein a height of the major concave area is greater than a height of the leading end of the filter plate and the trailing end of the filter plate.

14. The filter deck assembly of claim 8, wherein the S-clip comprises stainless steel or a polymer configured to be heat resistant up to 200 degrees Fahrenheit.

15. A rotary drum filter, comprising: a filter deck assembly; and grid supports configured to support the filter deck assembly, the filter deck assembly comprising: a filter plate having a leading end distally disposed from a trailing end; and an engagement assembly configured to engage the filter plate, the engagement assembly comprising: a retaining clip having a body, a first shelf extending outwardly from the body in a first direction and a second shelf extending outwardly from the body in a direction opposite the first direction; and an S-clip having a major concave area configured to receive the leading end or the trailing end of the filter plate, and a minor concave area configured to receive the first shelf or the second shelf of the retaining clip.

16. The rotary drum filter of claim 15, wherein: the major concave area is disposed adjacent to the minor concave area, the minor concave area is separated from the major concave area by a body strip of the S-clip, and wherein the minor concave area is disposed in a direction that is opposite of a direction of the major concave area.

17. The rotary drum filter of claim 15, wherein the S-clip further comprises: a first horizontal strip configured to engage to a first vertical strip at a first end of the first vertical strip; and a horizontal body strip having a first end configured to engage the first vertical strip at a second end of the first vertical strip, wherein the first end of the first vertical strip is distally disposed from the second end of the first vertical strip, and wherein the first horizontal strip, first vertical strip, and horizontal body strip define the major concave area.

18. The rotary drum filter of claim 17, wherein the S-clip further comprises: a second vertical strip having a first end and a second end, wherein the second end of the second vertical strip is configured to engage a second end of the horizontal body strip; and a second horizontal strip configured to engage the first end of the second vertical strip, wherein the second end of the horizontal body strip is distally disposed from the first end of the horizontal body strip, wherein the second end of the second vertical strip is distally disposed from the first end of the second vertical strip, and wherein the second horizontal strip, the second vertical strip, and the horizontal body strip define the minor concave area.

19. The rotary drum filter of claim 15, wherein the major concave area surrounds a leading end of the filter plate and a trailing end of the filter plate.

20. The rotary drum filter of claim 15, wherein a height of the major concave area is greater than a height of the leading end of the filter plate and the trailing end of the filter plate.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The foregoing will be apparent from the following more particular description of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which like reference characters refer to the same parts throughout the different views. The drawings are not necessarily to scale, with emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the disclosed embodiments.

[0016] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a rotary drum filter.

[0017] FIG. 2 is a detailed perspective view of a portion of the deck assembly of FIG. 1.

[0018] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an exemplary filter plate and an exemplary engagement assembly comprising an S-clip at both the leading end and the trailing end of the filter plate according to some aspects of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 4 is a detailed view of the exemplary engagement assembly shown in FIG. 3 according to some aspects of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary filter deck assembly exemplary engagement assembly according to some aspects of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments is presented only for illustrative and descriptive purposes and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the scope and spirit of the invention. The embodiments were selected and described to explain the principles and practical applications. Many variations can be made to the embodiments disclosed in this specification without departing from the scope of protection.

[0022] Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views. Although the drawings represent embodiments of various features and components according to the present disclosure, the drawings are not necessarily to scale and certain features may be exaggerated in order to better illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure, and such exemplifications are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure in any manner.

[0023] References in the specification to “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” “an exemplary embodiment,” etc., indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but every embodiment may not necessarily include the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.

[0024] Although specific terms are used in the following description for the sake of clarity, these terms are intended to refer only to the particular structure of the embodiment selected for illustration in the drawings, and are not intended to define or limit the scope of the disclosure.

[0025] The singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Numerical values should be understood to include numerical values which are the same when reduced to the same number of significant figures and numerical values which differ from the states value by less than the experimental error of conventional measurement technique of the type described in the present application to determine the value.

[0026] All ranges disclosed herein are inclusive of the recited endpoint and are independently combinable (for example, the range “from 2 grams to 10 grams” is inclusive of the endpoints, 2 grams and 10 grams, and all intermediate values.

[0027] As used herein, approximating language may be applied to modify any quantitative representation that may vary without resulting in a change in the basic function to which it is related. Accordingly, a value modified by a term or terms, such as “about,” “approximately,” and “substantially,” may not be limited to the precise values specified. The modifier “about” should also be considered as disclosing the range defined by the absolute values of the two endpoints. For example, the expression “from about 212° F. to about 1300° F.” also discloses the range “from 212° F. to 1300° F.”

[0028] It should be noted that many of the terms used herein are relative terms. For example, the terms “upper” and “lower” are relative to each other in location, i.e., an upper component is located at a higher elevation than a lower component in a given orientation, but these terms can change if the device is flipped. The terms “inlet” and “outlet” are relative to a fluid flowing through them with respect to a given structure, e.g., a fluid flows through the inlet into the structure and flows through the outlet out of the structure. The terms “upstream” and “downstream” are relative to the direction in which a fluid flows through various components, i.e., the flow of fluids through an upstream component prior to flowing through the downstream component.

[0029] The terms “horizontal” and “vertical” are used to indicate direction relative to an absolute reference, e.g., ground level. However, these terms should not be construed to require structure to be absolutely parallel or absolutely perpendicular to each other. For example, a first vertical structure and a second vertical structure are not necessarily parallel to each other. The terms “top” and “bottom” or “base” are used to refer to locations/surfaces where the top is always higher than the bottom/base relative to an absolute reference, e.g., the surface of the earth. The terms “upwards” and “downwards” are also relative to an absolute reference; an upwards flow is always against the gravity of the earth.

[0030] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a rotary drum filter 10. The rotary drum filter 10 may be, for example, a vacuum washer used in the pulp and paper industry. Although designs can vary, a typical rotary drum filter 10 includes a cylindrical drum 12 disposed in a vat (not shown). Closure plates 14 bound each end 7, 9 of the drum 12. Support ribs 21 extend generally radially outward from structures surrounding the axis of rotation toward the outer circumference of the drum 12. Multiple ring supports 19 support the filter deck assembly 20. A trunnion 16 extends from each end 7, 9 of the drum 12 and rotatably mounts the drum 12 to adjacent bearing and pedestal assemblies 18. One of the trunnions 16a is hollow and connects to a drop leg (not shown). During operation, the drop leg pulls air through the drum and thereby draws filtrate 11 through the rotary drum filter 10 under vacuum. A number of filtrate conduits 22 disposed between the hollow trunnion 16a and the filtrate chambers 24 allow filtrate 11 to fluidly communicate with the drop leg.

[0031] A screen 8, typically a wire mesh (also referred to as a “face wire”), cloth, synthetic textile, or plastic screen encircles the drum 12. In operation, the vat is filled with a slurry. In FIG. 1, the drum 12 rotates in rotational direction R, which in this example is counter-clockwise. As divisions of the drum 12 rotate through the vat, the vacuum pressure facilitates the accumulation of residue 6 on the screen 8. As the drum division continues to rotate above the slurry level, filtrate 11 percolates through the filter deck assembly 20 and eventually flows through the filtrate conduits 22 into the drop leg. As the drum 12 continues to rotate, the residue 6 begins to dry and a doctor blade, belt, roller, or other device (not shown) eventually scrapes the residue 6 from the screen 8 before that section of the screen 8 rotates back into the slurry to repeat the process.

[0032] When the rotary drum filter 10 is a vacuum washer used in the pulp and paper industry, the slurry is a typically a mixture of pulp and water called a “pulp stock.” The residue 6 on the screen are typically known as a “pulp mat.” In mineral processing, the rotary drum filter may be known as a thickener. The residue 6 is typically cakes of mineral sediment. For example, lime mud filters are typically used to recover lime from spent pulp and paper liquors.

[0033] In a lime mud filter, the filtrate 11 typically comprises water and the residue 6 comprises lime mud.

[0034] FIG. 2 is a detailed perspective view of a portion of the filter deck assembly 20 of FIG. 1. The screen 8 rests atop an array of filter plates 4. The filter plates 4 are typically corrugated filter plates 4a having a plurality of ridges 3 and channels 5. Corrugated filter plates 4a are generally preferred because the corrugations increase the surface area available for holding excess filtrate 11 and thereby permit the rotary drum filter 10 to rotate at higher speeds than would typically be achievable in a rotary drum filter 10 having a comparatively flat filter plate (i.e., a filter plate that curves slightly to match the arc of the drum, but that is otherwise flat). Furthermore, the corrugations easily expand or contract slightly to accommodate thermal expansion. Each filter plate 4 has a width W and a length L. The filter plate 4 has areas defining multiple drainage slots 17 disposed throughout the filter plate 4. When the filter plate 4 is a corrugated filter plate 4a, the multiple drainage slots 17 are disposed in the channels 5. The drainage slots 17 may be louvered to collect pools of filtrate 11 on the downturn.

[0035] The filter plate 4 spans one or more grid supports 30. Adjacent grid supports 30 and the filter plate 4 define one or more filtrate chambers 24. In operation, filtrate 11 flows through the screen 8 and through the drainage slots 17 on the upturn and part of the downturn. The filtrate 11 then flows through the filtrate chambers 24 before flowing further to the filtrate conduits 22 and drop leg.

[0036] The filter plate 4 further comprises a leading end 32 and a trailing end 34. The leading end 32 is the end that first exits the slurry when the particular section of the filter plate 4 is moving upward toward the apex of rotation and the leading end 32 is likewise the first end to fall back under the level of the slurry when the section of the filter plate 4 is moving downward toward the nadir of rotation. Similarly, the trailing end 34 is distally disposed from the leading end 32. The trailing end 34 is the second end to exit the slurry when the filter plate 4 is moving toward the apex of rotation. It will be understood that if an operator reverses the direction of rotation, the “leading ends” and the “trailing ends” designations will likewise reverse.

[0037] The respective ends 32, 34 of the filter plates 4 engage a “top hat”-shaped mounting clip 25 mounted on a grid support 30. In the past, installers and servicers have welded or otherwise rigidly affixed at least one end 32 or 34 of the filter plate 4 to a mounting clip 25 to prevent filtrate 11 from leaking back out of the filter plate 4 when the filter plate 4 is on the downturn. The top hat mounting clips 25 also have a cap strip 27 welded or otherwise rigidly affixed to each mounting clip 25. In practice, installers and services spot weld or TIG weld these cap strips 27 to the mounting clips 25. The recess 23 (i.e., the generally C-shaped feature) created by the mounting clip 25 and the cap strip 27 also secures the ends 32, 34 of the filter plates 4 to the drum 12.

[0038] In practice, Applicant has discovered that the rigidly affixed cap strips 27 create ongoing maintenance problems. The rigidly affixed cap strip 27 prevent a servicer from easily accessing and removing or replacing the filter plate 4. Additionally, if the cap strips 27 have been welded to the mounting clips 25, the environment within the rotary drum filter 10 can lead to weld fatigue and corrosion. In extreme cases, broken welds create loose cap strips 27 and filter plates 4, which can damage the doctor blades, rollers, belts, or other device configured to remove the residue 6 from the screen 8. The loose cap strips 27 or filter plates 4 can likewise tear or otherwise damage the screen 8. This permits filtrate 11 to flow both between drum divisions and back out of filter plate 4 and screen 8, thereby reducing the overall efficiency of the system. To address these problems, several exemplary embodiments, combinations of which are all considered to be within the scope of in this disclosure, are presented.

[0039] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an exemplary filter plate and an exemplary engagement assembly comprising an S-clip at both the leading end and the trailing end of the filter plate according to some aspects of the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 3, the filter deck assembly 20 may include a filter plate 4 having a leading end 32 distally disposed from a trailing end 34, an engagement assembly 35 configured to engage the filter plate. The engagement assembly 35 may include an “S” shaped clip 45 (also referred to herein as an S-clip), and a retaining clip 40.

[0040] FIG. 4 is a detailed view of the exemplary engagement assembly 35 shown in FIG. 3 according to some aspects of the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 4, the retaining clip 40 may include a body 28, a first shelf 71, and a second shelf 73. Both the first shelf 71 and the second shelf 73 may extend outwardly from the body 28. A major concave area “M” of the S-clip 45 may be configured to receive the leading end 32 or the trailing end 34 of the filter plate 4. A minor concave area “m” of the S-clip 45 may be configured to receive the first shelf 71 or the second shelf 73 of the retaining clip 40.

[0041] As illustrated in FIG. 4, the exemplary S-clip 45 defines the major concave area M adjacently disposed to the minor concave area m. The minor concave area m may be separated from the major concave area M by a horizontal body strip 61 of the S-clip 45. The minor concave area m may be disposed in a direction that is opposite of a direction of the major concave area M. That is, the opening of the minor concave area m may face the opposite direction from the opening of the major concave area M.

[0042] The S-clip 45 may include a first horizontal strip 51 configured to engage a first vertical strip 53 at a first end 52 of the first vertical strip 53. A second end 54 of the first vertical strip 53 may be configured to engage a first end 56 of a horizontal body strip 61. The first end 52 of the first vertical strip 53 may be distally disposed from the second end 54 of the first vertical strip 53. The first horizontal strip 51, the first vertical strip 53, and the first horizontal body strip 61 may define the major concave area M.

[0043] The S-clip 45 may further include a second horizontal strip 57 configured to engage a second vertical strip 55 at a first end 58 of the second vertical strip 55. A second end 59 of the second vertical strip 55 may be configured to engage a second end 60 of the horizontal body strip 61, wherein the second end 60 of the horizontal body strip 61 may be distally disposed from the first end 56 of the horizontal body strip 61. The second end 59 of the second vertical strip 55 may be distally disposed from the first end 58 of the second vertical strip. The second horizontal strip 57, the second vertical strip 55, and the horizontal body strip 61 may define the minor concave area m.

[0044] The leading end 32 of the filter plate 4 or the trailing end 34 of the filter plate 4 may be inserted into the major concave area M of the S-clip 45, and the major concave area M of the S-clip 45 may be configured to receive the leading end 32 of the filter plate 4 or the trailing end 34 of the filter plate 4. For example, the leading end 32 and the trailing end 34 of the filter plate 4 may be tapered such that the leading end 32 is retained within the major concave area M of the S-clip 45 while being supported by a horizontal body strip 61 of the S-clip 45. The minor concave area m of the S-clip 45 that supports the trailing end 34 of the filter plate 4 may engage the first shelf 71 of the retaining clip 40 such that the horizontal body strip 61 of the S-clip 45 and the second horizontal strip 57 of the S-clip 45 contact the first shelf 71 of the retaining clip 40. Similarly, The minor concave area m of the S-clip 45 that supports the leading end 32 of the filter plate 4 may engage the second shelf 73 of the retaining clip 40 such that the horizontal body strip 61 of the S-clip 45 and the second horizontal strip 57 of the S-clip 45 contact the second shelf 73 of the retaining clip 40. During installation of the filter plate 4, the leading end 32 filter plate 4 or the trailing end 34 of the filter plate 4 may be slid into the major concave area M of the S-clip 45. Alternatively, the leading end 32 or the trailing end 34 of the filter plate 4 may be angled into the major concave area M of the S-clip 45 laterally.

[0045] The height of the major concave area M may be greater than the height of the leading end 32 of the filter plate 4 and the trailing end 34 of the filter plate 4 so as to secure the leading end 32 of the filter plate 4 and the trailing end 34 of the filter plate 4 into the major concave area M of the S-clip 45 when the filter plate 4 is installed in the filter deck assembly 20. The major concave area M may surround the top, lateral end, and bottom portions of the leading end 32 of the filter plate 4 and/or the trailing end 34 of the filter plate 4, and may prevent edges of the leading end 32 and/or the trailing end 34 from contacting the screen 8 thereby preventing such edges from piecing holes in the screen 8. Holes in the screen 8 contribute to production loss. The deepest portion of the minor concave area m may extend beyond the end of the horizontal strip 51 defining the major concave area M, and the deepest portion of the major concave area M may extend beyond the second horizontal strip 57 defining minor concave area m.

[0046] In conventional rotary drum filters, the “top hat” mounting clip 25 is welded to a grid support 30. The S-clip 45 of the present disclosure slides onto one of the shelves (e.g., the first shelf 71 or the second shelf 73) of the retaining clip 40 without the use of welds or other fastener. Another advantage of the present disclosure is that there is no longer a need for cap strips, thereby reducing the overall welds in the filter deck assembly and potentially extending the useful life of the assembly. The minor concave area m of the S-clip 45 is configured to receive first shelf 71 or the second shelf 73 of the retaining clip 40. Alternatively, the first shelf 71 or the second shelf 73 of the retaining clip 40 may be pushed into the minor concave area m of the S-clip 45 laterally. In this manner, the minor concave area m of the S-clip 45 is also configured to receive the first shelf 71 or the second shelf 73 of the retaining clip 40.

[0047] The height of the minor concave area m may be greater than the height of the first shelf 71 or the second shelf 73 of the retaining clip 40 so as to secure the first shelf 71 or the second shelf 73 of the retaining clip 40 into the minor concave area m when the S-clip 45 is installed in the filter deck assembly 20.

[0048] In some exemplary embodiments, the S-clip 45 may be constructed from stainless steel or a polymer configured to be resistant to heat up to 200° F. Other shapes for the clip that fix the retaining clip 40 to the filter plate 4 without the use of a top hat clip (e.g., the top hat mounting clip 25) and without exposing the ends 32, 34 of the filter plate 4 to the screen 8 may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. An optional seal can be made from a gasket material to prevent leaking around the ends 32, 34 of the filter plate 4. The seal may have a rectangular shape and may be disposed between a surface of the major concave area M and the leading end 32 of the filter plate 4. Other shapes, materials, and orientations may be used to provide the optional seal. For example, a shaped seal or an adhesive material such as RTV silicone may be applied between the bottom of the leading end 32 of the filter plate 4 and the horizontal body strip 61 of the S-clip 45 to create the seal. The seal strip may positioned on the leading end of the filter plate to minimize filtrate leakage from under the filter plate and rewetting the pulp mat once the vacuum to the filter plate is cut off.

[0049] It will be understood that the terms: “first horizontal strip 51,” “first vertical strip 53,” “first end 52 of the first vertical strip 53,” “second end 54 of the first vertical strip 53,” “horizontal body strip 61,” “first end 56 of the horizontal body strip 61,” “second end 60 of the horizontal body strip 61,” “second vertical strip 55,” “first end 58 of the second vertical strip 55,” “second end 59 of the second vertical strip 55,” and “a second horizontal strip 57” are used to refer to parts of the S-clip 45 regardless of how the S-clip 45 is manufactured. For example, an exemplary S-clip 45 can be fabricated from multiple strips of material. By way of another example, an exemplary S-clip 45 can be manufactured by bending a plate of material to adopt the “S” shaped form as described in this disclosure. For example, a second vertical strip 55 may be created by bending a plate of material back over itself. In such a case, the second vertical strip 55 is the section of plate connecting the substantially parallel horizontal body strip 61 and second horizontal strip 57.

[0050] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary filter deck assembly 20 including the exemplary engagement assembly 35 according to some aspects of the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 5, two S-clips 45a, 45b may be disposed on each retaining clip 40. A first S-clip 45a engages the first shelf 71 of the retaining clip 40 and a trailing end 34 of an adjacent filter plate 4. A second S-clip 45b engages the second shelf 73 of the retaining clip 40 and engages a leading end 32 of a second adjacent filter plate 4′. The filter plates 4 and 4′ may be corrugated filter plates 4a.

[0051] While this invention has been particularly shown and described with references to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention encompassed by the appended claims.