Variable diameter wheel

Abstract

A variable diameter wheel comprises a central hub, a peripheral band formed by a plurality of arcuate segments, each one of the arcuate segments being linked to the hub, wherein the hub comprises radial guide means for sliding retractable radial arms, each one of the retractable radial arms being secured to the distal end thereof of one of the arcuate segments, the opposing end being provided with a connection member with a mobile plate coaxial with the hub and in relative rotation with respect to the hub, the mobile plate having curved guide areas, each one of the connection members cooperating with one of the arms in order to control the linear and radial movement of the proximal end of the corresponding arm.

Claims

1. A variable diameter wheel comprises a central hub, a peripheral band formed by a plurality of arcuate segments, wherein adjacent arcuate segments are connected with a connection segment, each one of the arcuate segments being linked to said hub, wherein said hub comprises sliders for sliding retractable radial arms, each one of the retractable radial arms being secured to a distal end thereof of one of said arcuate segments, an opposing end being provided with a connection member with a mobile plate coaxial with said hub and in relative rotation with respect to said hub, said mobile plate having curved guide areas in the form of N grooves, where N equals a number of said radial arms, said connection member cooperating with one of said arms in order to control the linear and radial movement of the proximal end of the corresponding arm; wherein said arm is extendable to the distal end of the arcuate segment extending over an angle of 360/N degrees, where N equals the number of said radial arms.

2. The variable diameter wheel according to claim 1, wherein said sliders comprise a transversal section that corresponds with a transversal section of the retractable radial arms to enable a sliding of the arms with respect to a corresponding slider.

3. The variable diameter wheel according to claim 1, wherein the distal end of said curved guide areas is substantially tangential.

4. The variable diameter wheel according to claim 1, wherein said mobile plate is formed of two discs arranged on either side of said retractable arms.

5. The variable diameter wheel according to claim 1, wherein said guide areas are formed by spiral grooves cooperating with the connection member, the connection member comprising a nipple extending axially with respect to the proximal end of each one of said retractable arms.

6. The variable diameter wheel according to claim 1, wherein each one of said arcuate segments has at least one peripheral groove to receive an arcuate extension of at least one adjacent arcuate segment.

7. The variable diameter wheel according to claim 6, wherein each one of said arcuate segments has a plurality of peripheral grooves to receive the arcuate extensions of the at least one adjacent arcuate segments.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The present invention will be best understood upon reading the description which follows, referring to a non-limitative example of an embodiment and to the appended drawings, where:

(2) FIG. 1 represents a front view of the wheel in the largest extension thereof

(3) FIG. 2 represents an exploded view of the wheel

(4) FIG. 3 represents a front view of the wheel in retracted configuration

(5) FIGS. 4 and 5 represent views of an alternative embodiment of a wheel, respectively in maximum diameter position and minimum diameter position.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(6) The wheel according to the invention has the specificity of reversibly doubling the circumference of a wheel in order to improve current uses, e.g. to limit the volume of an everyday object, suitcases, pushchairs, while keeping a continuous roller surface, whatever the section of the wheel.

(7) With a suitcase and the tiny wheels thereof, approaching stairs, there are no other solutions to provide it with. The invention enables one to modify the diameter of the wheel to best adapt it to the type of traveled surface.

(8) In the same way, with fixed section wheels, the user must choose between compactness/storage and handling/clearance of a pushchair, whereas a wheel according to the invention enables one to adapt the radius to satisfy the usage context at any time.

(9) Other applications are possible in many other fields, a wheelchair (for volume and storage), carriers, trolleys, folding bikes, etc.

(10) Such a wheel is also applicable to a vehicle having clearance needs (military, or rough terrain robotic vehicle), enabling, e.g., to go from a 21-inch wheel to a 42-inch wheel, which considerably increases the capacities and abilities thereof.

(11) Such a wheel according to the invention enables one to incorporate electrical feedback and/or to integrate motorization (in order to transform it into wheel/engine).

(12) Finally, such a variable diameter wheel enables one to achieve variable transmissions by belt or by chain, e.g. by using a pair of wheels, of which the variation in diameter is modified in an opposing manner: thus, a variable transmission ratio is obtained, with a constant belt length. If the diameter of a wheel can vary by 100% by doubling the diameter, the transmission ratio can vary continuously between 4 (corresponding to a wheel driving in maximum extension and a wheel driven in minimum extension). For an automotive application, it is thus possible to use a constant speed engine, corresponding to an optimal functioning point, and to adjust the speed by acting on the diameters of the two variable section wheels combined by a belt.

(13) FIGS. 1 and 2 represent views of the wheel in the deployed configuration thereof, wherein it has the maximum exterior diameter.

(14) It comprises a hub (1) and a rim (2) connected by the retractable arms (3). These arms (3) extend radially and have, in the example defined, a rectangular section.

(15) The hub (1) is constituted of a body (4) having a central axis (5) and sliders extending radially.

(16) These sliders (50) have a transversal section, additional to that of the retractable arms (3) to enable the sliding of these arms (3) inside the corresponding slider (50), with a smooth bearing forward guide or possible roller elements.

(17) Each arm (3) is extended to the distal end thereof of an arcuate segment (6) extending over an angle of 360/N degrees, where N means the number of arms (3).

(18) Each arcuate segment (6) has a tyre tread section formed of two rigid, symmetrical parts (7, 8) with respect to the median plane in the example defined, separated by a slot (9) and a connection segment (10) of an additional shape to the slot (9).

(19) The connection segment (11) of the adjacent arcuate segment (12) slides inside the slot (9) to enable a variation in the circumference of the wheel according to the change in diameter, and to ensure an uninterrupted roller surface.

(20) As seen in FIG. 2, the connection segment (10, 11) is formed by a block of which the length corresponds to the slot (9), extended at each end by a pair of nipples (24 to 26) ensuring the guiding with respect to the arcuate guide grooves (27) provided on the interior face of the two rigid parts (7, 8) of each arcuate segment (6).

(21) The functioning is as follows:

(22) The wheel further comprises a control plate, formed of two discs (20) coaxial with the hub (1), arranged symmetrically on either side of the arms (3).

(23) Each disc (20) has N grooves (21), N corresponding to the number of arms (3).

(24) These grooves have a spiral shape, with an end the closest to the substantially tangential radius, forming an angle of between 5 and 15 degrees with respect to the tangent, and extending up to a peripheral area where the end of the groove also forms an angle of between 5 and 15 degrees with respect to the tangent.

(25) The groove (21) extends over an angular sector of the disc (20) of 180° in the example defined, but it can extend over a smaller sector, of between 90 and 180° to enable a rapid variation of the diameter, or on the contrary, a larger sector, of between 180 and 360° to enable a more gradual variation of the diameter.

(26) The curvature profile of the grooves (21) is constant. It can also be variable, with an increasing then decreasing variation of the angle between the tangent at a point of the spiral and the radial axis via this same point.

(27) Each groove is defined by a function of type:
R=fn(alpha)

(28) Where R means the distance from one point of the groove with respect to the axis of the disc.

(29) Alpha means the angular position of this point with respect to a reference radius via the proximal end of the groove.

(30) Each groove is offset with respect to the preceding one, from an angle of 360/N where N means the number of arms.

(31) The function fn can be a constant function, of type 360/K where K means the range of angular movement of the disc between the retracted position and the deployed position of the arms. K can be more than or less than 1.

(32) The function fn can also be a progressive function, e.g., of type sinus, to control a slow development at the start and at the end of the extension of the arms, and quicker development between these two locations. It can also have one or more bearings to enable an indexed extension.

(33) Each arm (3) has at the proximal end thereof, two symmetrical lugs (22, 23) with respect to the median plane, intended to cooperate with a groove (20) in order to control the linear movement of the end of the arm (3) in the corresponding guide slider (50).

(34) The functioning is as follows. In the retracted position represented in FIG. 3, the arms (3) are retracted, the disc (20) being positioned angularly with respect to the hub (1) in a position wherein the proximal ends of the grooves (21) are aligned with the radial axis via the corresponding arm (3).

(35) When this disc (20) is made to turn with respect to the hub (1), the contact point between the lugs (22, 23) provided at the proximal end of the arm (3) and the corresponding groove (21) is moved towards the periphery of the disc (20), which causes arms (3) to be erected into the deployed position.

(36) Guiding the arms (3) by the sliders (50) ensures a great robustness of the wheel, whatever the level of extension.

(37) The wheel according to another alternative embodiment of the invention shown at FIG. 4 comprises a tyre tread constituted of arcuate segments (106) extending the retractable arms (103) and extending perpendicularly to the median plane of the corresponding retractable arm.

(38) These arcuate segments (106) are constituted by a deck (61) in tile-form, whereon are fixed the arcuate bands (62 to 65), bordering either side of the deck (61). These arcuate bands (62 to 65) define, between themselves, the arcuate grooves enabling the sliding of arcuate slides (72 to 74). These arcuate slides (72 to 74) are combined by a connection part formed of two lateral flanges (71, 75) linked by transversal rods (76, 77) crossing the channels provided at the ends of the arcuate slides (72 to 74) and the slots crossing the arcuate bands (62 to 65).

(39) The unit formed by the arcuate slides (72 to 74), the two lateral flanges (71, 75) and the two transversal rods (76, 77) forms a segment which could slide between the arcuate grooves formed between the arcuate bands (62 to 65) of the two adjacent arcuate segments.

(40) The arcuate slides (72 to 74) have a determined thickness to fill the space between two arcuate bands (62 to 65) and to form a constant roller surface over the width of the wheel, in the coverage areas. When the wheel is totally retracted as represented in FIG. 5, it has an annular roller surface. In the extended position represented in FIG. 4, the annular roller surface is meshed.

(41) Possibly, an elastic membrane can cover the periphery of the wheel to ensure the closing of the meshed parts thereof.