Aluminum electrolytic bath having continuous aluminum-frame anode with built-in conductors

Abstract

An aluminum electrolytic bath having continuous aluminum-frame anode with built-in conductors, solving the problems of the existing aluminum electrolytic baths, such as poor electrical and thermal conductivity and exhausting capability, high energy consumption, complex operation, poor electrolytic bath stability, large amount of asphalt fumes and the difficulties in collecting the same and in electrolytic fume purification, few variety and poor quality of produced products, and influence on integrity of the anode, includes an aluminum-frame anode and a cathode. The disclosure greatly reduces power consumption and improves current efficiency, the stability and yield of the electrolytic bath.

Claims

1. An aluminum electrolytic bath having a continuous aluminum-frame anode with built-in conductors, comprising the aluminum-frame anode and a cathode (1) located under the aluminum-frame anode, wherein the aluminum-frame anode includes an aluminum frame (2) with a carbon material (3) and the conductors (4) arranged therein; a first holding frame (5) and a second holding frame (6) are arranged around the aluminum frame (2); a plurality of vertically placed anode guide rods (7) are respectively arranged between the first holding frame (5) and the aluminum frame (2) and between the second holding frame (6) and the aluminum frame (2); an anode beam bus (8) is arranged at and connected to upper parts of the anode guide rods (7); a shelling, blanking and exhausting mechanism (9) is arranged around the aluminum frame (2).

2. The aluminum electrolytic bath according to claim 1, wherein, the first holding frame (5) and the second holding frame (6) are both provided with a plurality of pushing bolts (10) contacting with the aluminum frame (2) and the anode guide rods (7), and gas collecting hoods (11) are respectively arranged between an external wall of the first holding frame (5) and the cathode (1) and between an external wall of the second holding frame (6) and the cathode (1).

3. The aluminum electrolytic bath according to claim 1, wherein, the conductors (4) are made of metal, metal alloy, metal oxides, metal fluorides, metal halides, carbonate or a mixture thereof which is fusible in liquid electrolyte.

4. The aluminum electrolytic bath according to claim 1, wherein, an electrolyte crust between the aluminum frame (2) and the cathode (1) is covered with an insulation layer (12).

5. The aluminum electrolytic bath according to claim 3, wherein, an electrolyte crust between the aluminum frame (2) and the cathode (1) is covered with an insulation layer (12).

6. The aluminum electrolytic bath according to claim 1, wherein, a number of the aluminum frame (2) is greater than or equal to 2.

7. The aluminum electrolytic bath according to claim 5, wherein, a number of the aluminum frame (2) is greater than or equal to 2.

8. The aluminum electrolytic bath according to claim 1, wherein, an upper end of the aluminum frame (2) is provided with a pitch flue gas sealing and collecting cover (13).

9. The aluminum electrolytic bath according to claim 7, wherein, an upper end of the aluminum frame is provided with a pitch flue gas sealing and collecting cover (13).

10. The aluminum electrolytic bath according to claim 9, wherein, both of the first holding frame (5) and the second holding frame (6) are provided with a plurality of gas collecting holes and exhausting holes.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an aluminum electrolytic bath according to the present disclosure;

(2) FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1; and

(3) FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1.

(4) In the drawings, 1—cathode, 2—aluminum frame, 3—carbon material, 4—conductor, 5—first holding frame, 6—second holding frame, 7—anode guide rod, 8—anode beam bus, 9—shelling, blanking and exhausting mechanism, 10—pushing bolt, 11—gas collecting hood, 12—crust, and 13—pitch flue gas sealing and collecting cover.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

(5) An aluminum electrolytic bath having continuous aluminum-frame anode with built-in conductors includes an aluminum-frame anode and a cathode 1 located under the aluminum-frame anode. The aluminum-frame anode includes an aluminum frame 2 with a carbon material 3 and the conductors 4 arranged in the aluminum frame 2, and a wall thickness of the aluminum frame is 0.1-5 cm. A first holding frame 5 and a second holding frame 6 are arranged around the aluminum frame 2, and a plurality of vertically placed anode guide rods 7 are respectively arranged between the first holding frame 5 and the aluminum frame 2 and between the second holding frame 6 and the aluminum frame 2. An anode beam bus 8 is arranged at and connected to upper parts of the anode guide rods 7. A shelling, blanking and exhausting mechanism 9 is arranged around the aluminum frame 2.

(6) The first holding frame 5 and the second holding frame 6 are both provided with a plurality of pushing bolts 10 contacting with the aluminum frame 2 and the anode guide rod 7, and gas collecting hoods 11 are respectively arranged between the external wall of the first holding frame 5 and the cathode 1 and between the external wall of the second holding frame 6 and the cathode 1. The conductors 4 are made of metal, metal alloy, metal oxides, metal fluorides, metal halides, carbonate or a mixture thereof which is fusible in liquid electrolyte. The electrolyte crust between the aluminum frame 2 and the cathode 1 is covered with an insulation layer 12. A number of the aluminum frame 2 is greater than or equal to 2. An upper end of the aluminum frame 2 is provided with a pitch flue gas sealing and collecting cover 13. Both of the first holding frame 5 and the second holding frame 6 are provided with a plurality of gas collecting holes and exhausting holes.

(7) In a specific implementation process, the number, size, shape and structure of the aluminum-frame anode and an arrangement of the aluminum-frame anode in the electrolytic bath are set according to the volume of the electrolytic bath, uniform distribution requirement of aluminum oxide concentration, firmness and convenience in fastening the aluminum-frame anode by the first holding frame 5 and the second holding frame 6 and contact compactness of the anode guide rods 7 and the aluminum-frame anode under the condition that the electric-conducting, heat-conducting and exhausting capabilities of the aluminum-frame anode are ensured. Meanwhile, according to requirements on electric conduction, heat conduction, exhausting and integrity of the aluminum-frame anode, on the premise that the quality of the product is ensured, an arrangement and positions of the conductors 4 in the aluminum-frame anode are set, and the number, sizes, shapes and corresponding materials of the conductors 4 arranged in the aluminum-frame anode are determined. The carbon material 3 is made of anode paste, dry anode paste, a prebaked anode carbon block, a crude anode carbon block, a binder, anode scrap, petroleum coke, pitch coke, graphite, anthracite, pitch or a mixture thereof. According to requirements that the aluminum frame 2 is integral, intact and capable of continuously sealing the carbon material 3 and the shape is continuously stable, the layer number and wall thickness of the aluminum frame 2 are set. At least one layer of aluminum frame 2 is set, which is made of virgin aluminum, refined aluminum, high-purity aluminum or aluminum alloy having more than 80% of aluminum. According to requirements that upper and lower aluminum frames 2 are convenient to connect and good in seal, facilitate the tight contact between the anode guide rods 7 and the aluminum frame 2 and meet the aluminum-frame anode, the shapes, structures, sizes and quantity of the aluminum frame 2 are set, and a successive sequence of arrangement of the conductor 4 in the aluminum frame 2 and addition of the carbon material 3 and a combination mode of three of them are set. According to requirements of fastening, bearing and operation convenience of the first holding frame 5 and the second holding frame 6 as well as the pushing bolts 10 on the anode guide rods 7 and the aluminum-frame anode, and the number of the aluminum frame 2, materials of the holding frame 5 and the second holding frame 6 as well as the pushing bolts 10 are selected, the sizes, shapes, structures, holding and fastening modes and quantity of the first holding frame 5 and the second holding frame 6 as well as the pushing bolts 10 are set, and the number of the aluminum frame 2 arranged in the single first holding frame 5 and the single second holding frame 6 is determined. According to specific discharging positions and amount of the flue gas in the electrolytic bath, the positions, sizes, quantity, structures and exhausting amount of the gas collecting holes and the exhausting holes on the first holding frame 5 and the second holding frame 6 are set. According to requirements on seal, absorption and collection of pitch flue gas, the sizes, quantity, shapes, structures of the pitch flue gas sealing and collecting cover 13 and a contact mode of the pitch flue gas sealing and collecting cover 13 with the aluminum-frame anode are set. According to a requirement that the current of the anode beam bus 8 is conducted to the aluminum-frame anode, the materials, sizes, shapes, quantity, structures of the anode guide rods 7 and a connection mode of the anode guide rods with the anode beam bus 8 are set. According to demand on insulation of the electrolytic bath and reduction of the number of the electrolyte crust, the material of the insulation layer 12 is selected, and the thickness, number, shape and structure of the insulation layer are set. According to the volume of the electrolytic bath, quantity and size of the aluminum-frame anode and the boiling state of the electrolyte, the installation position, quantity and structure of the shelling, blanking and exhausting mechanism 9 around the aluminum frame 2 are determined, and a shelling air cylinder, a hammer rod, a hammer head and a blanker are installed in the shelling, blanking and exhausting mechanism. According to the production plan of the product, the variety of the raw material used by the electrolytic bath is determined, and raw materials which can be used by this electrolytic bath are as follows: fluorine-supported aluminum oxide, fresh aluminum oxide, other metal oxides, fluorides, halides, carbonates or a mixture thereof. If the fluorine-supported aluminum oxide is used as the raw material, the electrolytic aluminum having more than 99.70% of aluminum is produced from the electrolytic bath. If the fresh aluminum oxide is used as the raw material, the high-purity aluminum or refined aluminum having more than 99.91% of aluminum is produced from the electrolytic bath. If the aluminum oxide and other metal oxides, fluorides, halides or carbonates are used as the raw materials, or other metals, metal alloy, metal oxides, or fluorides or halides or carbonates are used as conductors, aluminum alloy is directly produced from the electrolytic bath. When the number of the aluminum frame is greater than or equal to 2, the first holding frame 5 and the second holding frame 6 correspond to the aluminum frame 2 in quantity, and are arranged around each aluminum frame 2, or the number of the aluminum frame 2 is greater than or equal to 2 (however, optimal quantity is no more than 15) in the single first holding frame 5 and the single second holding frame 6, and a plurality of vertically placed anode guide rods 7 are installed around the aluminum frame 2.