Working machine, in particular material handling implement, comprising a boom and a boom bracing

Abstract

The invention relates to a working machine, in particular material handling machine, comprising a boom and a boom bracing to be actuated by means of an actuator, characterized in that the actuator is operatively connected to the boom bracing by means of a first lever rotatably articulated to the turntable in order to introduce the required tensile force into the bracing.

Claims

1. A working machine, in particular material handling machine, comprising a boom and a boom bracing to be actuated by at least one actuator, wherein the at least one actuator is operatively connected to the boom bracing by means of an actuator lever rotatably articulated to the turntable, to introduce the required tensile force into the bracing.

2. The working machine according to claim 1, wherein the multipart boom bracing has two or more tension elements which are connected to each other and to the boom by at least one connecting lever attached to the boom, and the one or more connecting levers is/are rotatably or firmly articulated to the boom.

3. The working machine according to claim 2, wherein the boom is a bent or angled or kinked boom and the multipart boom bracing includes corresponding angular offsets between the tension elements to follow the bent or angled course of the boom.

4. The working machine according to claim 1, wherein the at least one uppermost tension element of the boom bracing is articulated to the connection assembly between boom and dipper arm, in particular to one or more bolt connections, or alternatively directly to the dipper arm.

5. The working machine according to claim 1, wherein at least one additional lifting actuator is provided, which is articulated to the turntable and to the boom and pushes the boom upwards during lifting.

6. The working machine according to claim 5, wherein the at least one connecting lever is articulated to the bearing axle of the lifting actuator or of a dipper arm actuator at the boom.

7. The working machine according to claim 1, wherein the at least one connecting lever is articulated to a boom transverse tube, in particular to a transverse tube for introducing the lifting actuator forces or the dipper arm actuator forces into the boom.

8. The working machine according to claim 7, wherein the connection between connecting lever and boom transverse tube is effected by at least one tab integrally molded to the outer circumference of the boom transverse tube.

9. The working machine according to claim 1, wherein the actuator lever is articulated to the connection assembly, in particular bolt connection, between boom and turntable.

10. The working machine according to claim 1, wherein there are provided at least two boom bracings extending in parallel, and each of the bracings can be actuated by one or more actuator/actuator lever combinations and possibly comprises a plurality of tension elements connected by a connecting lever.

11. The working machine according to claim 10, wherein the boom bracings or their tension elements are guided in a luffing direction above the side cheeks of the boom cross-section.

12. The working machine according to claim 1, wherein the bearing points of the actuator and connecting lever at the turntable are chosen independently of the type and order of magnitude of the boom system so that they can be used for different boom types and sizes.

13. The working machine according to claim 3, wherein the at least one uppermost tension element of the boom bracing is articulated to the connection assembly between boom and dipper arm, in particular to one or more bolt connections, or alternatively directly to the dipper arm.

14. The working machine according to claim 2, wherein the at least one uppermost tension element of the boom bracing is articulated to the connection assembly between boom and dipper arm, in particular to one or more bolt connections, or alternatively directly to the dipper arm.

15. The working machine according to claim 14, wherein at least one additional lifting actuator is provided, which is articulated to the turntable and to the boom and pushes the boom upwards during lifting.

16. The working machine according to claim 13, wherein at least one additional lifting actuator is provided, which is articulated to the turntable and to the boom and pushes the boom upwards during lifting.

17. The working machine according to claim 4, wherein at least one additional lifting actuator is provided, which is articulated to the turntable and to the boom and pushes the boom upwards during lifting.

18. The working machine according to claim 3, wherein at least one additional lifting actuator is provided, which is articulated to the turntable and to the boom and pushes the boom upwards during lifting.

19. The working machine according to claim 2, wherein at least one additional lifting actuator is provided, which is articulated to the turntable and to the boom and pushes the boom upwards during lifting.

20. The working machine according to claim 16, wherein the at least one connecting lever is articulated to the bearing axle of the lifting actuator or of a dipper arm actuator at the boom.

Description

[0020] Further advantages and properties of the invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings, in which:

[0021] FIG. 1: shows a side view of the boom on a working machine of the invention according to a first exemplary embodiment,

[0022] FIG. 2: shows a working machine of the invention according to the second exemplary embodiment,

[0023] FIG. 3: shows a third embodiment of the working machine according to the invention,

[0024] FIG. 4: shows a fourth embodiment of the working machine according to the invention,

[0025] FIG. 5: shows a modification of the working machine of the invention according to one of the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 1-4,

[0026] FIG. 6: shows another modification of the exemplary embodiments as shown in FIGS. 1-4,

[0027] FIG. 7: shows another modification of the exemplary embodiments as shown in FIGS. 1-4,

[0028] FIG. 8: shows another modification of the embodiments as shown in FIGS. 1-4,

[0029] FIGS. 9a, 9b: show another modification of the embodiments as shown in FIGS. 1-4,

[0030] FIG. 10: shows another modification of the embodiments as shown in FIGS. 1-4,

[0031] FIG. 11: shows another modification of the embodiments as shown in FIGS. 1-4,

[0032] FIG. 12: shows a sectional representation through the boom system including the bracing according to a design variant with at least two bracings extending in parallel,

[0033] FIG. 13: shows another modification of the embodiment as shown in FIGS. 1-4.

[0034] The idea underlying the present invention can be clearly explained with reference to the first exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1, which shows a part of the working machine of the invention in the form of a material handling machine. There can be seen the box-shaped monobloc boom 1 which at its end is luffably articulated to a turntable 2 of the uppercarriage of the working machine. The neutral fiber of the boom always is designated with the reference numeral 1a both in FIG. 1 and in the further Figures. At the upper end of the boom 1 a dipper arm 3 also is pivotally articulated with respect to the boom 1, and the pivotal movement is effected by an actuator, e.g. a dipper arm cylinder 6. At its end, the dipper arm 3 carries an implement in the form of a gripper 4. According to the invention, the boom 1 now is braced by a bracing 10 in order to reduce the bending moment introduced into the boom 1 due to the load and thus to further increase the load-bearing capacity of the material handling implement.

[0035] The bracing 10 according to the first exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1 consists of an individual tension element 11 or a bracing rod, which is pivotally mounted in the articulation point 12 at the upper end of the boom head. Alternatively, the tension element can be configured as a cable or chain. The turntable-side end of the tension element 11 is pivotally attached to the free end of an actuator lever 13. One or more actuators in the form of a hydraulic cylinder or energy recovery cylinder 14 engage the same end of the at least one actuator lever 13. Concretely, the actuator 14 is fixed to the turntable, and the eye of the piston rod is pivotally mounted to the actuator lever.

[0036] Furthermore, the actuator lever 13 is rotatably mounted on the turntable 2 about a horizontal axis. In the exemplary embodiment shown here, the cylinder 14 is configured to be pulling, so that a retracting movement of the piston rod leads to an increase of the tension in the bracing 10. The resulting upward luffing movement of the boom 1 is supported by at least one hydraulic cylinder 5 which is connected to the boom 1 and to the turntable 2. An extending movement of the lifting actuator 5 supports the upward luffing movement, but at the same time the cylinder 5 can be used for energy recovery, in that during lowering of the boom 1 the rod of the cylinder is retracted by the dead weight of the boom and the corresponding compressible medium (gas) is compressed for energy storage.

[0037] An exemplary embodiment differing from FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 2. The only change with respect to FIG. 1 consists in that the bracing here is of multipart design and is composed of several individual tension elements 11a, 11 b. The lower tension element 11a is connected to the upper tension element 11b via a connecting lever 15, wherein the lever 15 is pivotally mounted to the boom 1 and both tension elements 11a, 11 b pivotally engage its free end.

[0038] FIG. 3 illustrates that the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 2 also can easily be used for other types of boom with a different boom shape. The boom 1′ shown there likewise is designed box-shaped as a monobloc, but with an angled or kinked longitudinal extension. Due to the two-part design, the bracing can perfectly follow the neutral fiber of the monobloc 1′. The individual elements 11a, 11 b are connected via the connecting lever 15 with a certain angular offset.

[0039] FIG. 4 shows another modification of the boom shape. The boom here is shaped as a banana-shaped mono boom 1. In this case, the bracing is of three-part design with the bracing elements 11a, 11b, 11c. Due to the three-part design of the bracing, another connecting lever 16 is to be provided.

[0040] The following FIGS. 5 to 13 show modifications of the presented exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 1-4. As has already been explained above, the kinematics of the actuator lever 13 and of the actuator 14 is of a pulling type in the embodiments of FIGS. 1-4. Alternatively, the kinematics might also be realized as pushing, as shown FIG. 5. In this case, one end of the actuator lever 13′ is connected to the actuator 14′, while the opposite lever end is connected to the bottommost tension element 11. The lever 13′ is supported via an articulation point located between the aforementioned connecting points, which here is located closer to the connecting point of the actuator 14′. Lifting of the work equipment, i.e. luffing up the boom 1, then is achieved by extending the rod of the actuator 14′.

[0041] FIG. 6 shows a detail view of the articulation of the dipper arm 3 at the boom 1. In this modification, the uppermost tension element 11, 11b, 11c is connected to the bearing axle of the dipper arm 3 at the boom head.

[0042] The embodiment of FIG. 7 relates to a modified articulation of the actuator lever 13 to the turntable 2. The articulation point here is chosen such that the same exactly coincides with the bearing point of the boom 1 on the turntable 2.

[0043] According to the modification of FIG. 8 it is proposed to articulate the at least one connecting lever 15 to the boom 1 in the region of the bearing point of the lifting cylinder 5, i.e. to articulate the same to the bolting present there.

[0044] According to FIG. 9a, a configuration deviating therefrom is proposed. There is used an existing boom transverse tube 17 which usually serves for introducing the forces of the lifting actuator 5 into the boom system 1. The boom tube 17 extends transversely to the longitudinal boom axis in a horizontal direction and exits on the side walls 1b, 1c (see FIG. 9b) of the box-shaped boom 1. On the circumference of the exiting tube portion mounting tabs 18 are formed, which serve for bolting to the connecting lever 15. Position 11 shows some tension elements in section.

[0045] FIGS. 10 and 11 show corresponding modifications for the connection of the uppermost connecting lever 15, 16, which here is to be articulated in the region of the bearing axle of the dipper arm cylinder 6. When there is also provided a corresponding boom transverse tube 17, the same should be utilized for the connection of the connecting lever 15, 16 (FIG. 11), equivalently to the embodiment of FIG. 9b.

[0046] FIG. 13 shows another modification with respect to FIG. 6, in which the uppermost tension element 11b, 11c is connected directly to the dipper arm 3.

[0047] FIG. 12 shows an improved design of the working machine, which now does not include a single bracing, but instead two parallel bracings 10a, 10b identical in design. Each of these bracings is designed according to an embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 11 and 13, respectively. What is, however, essential for the bracings 10a, 10b extending in parallel is the fact that the distance b of the tension element centroid to the boom body centroid is greater than the distance a of the boom body upper chord 1e to the boom body centroid. The same applies for the lateral distance d of the tension element centroid to the boom body centroid, which is greater than the distance c of the side walls 1b, 1c of the boom 1 to the boom body centroid. By means of the spatial bracing it is possible to compensate not only bending moments, but also side moments.