DEVICE FOR APPLYING A BUILDING MATERIAL

Abstract

A system for applying a building material, including: a movement device for modifying a site of application in a space; a first component of the building material; a second component of the building material; and a mixer for mixing the first component and the second component, the mixer including a drive and a mixing chamber provided with a stirrer shaft and a conveyor device, the conveyor device being designed as a screw conveyor with windings, and the mixer being adapted to the building material.

Claims

1. A device for applying a building material, wherein the device comprises: a movement device for changing an application site in a space; a first component of the building material; a second component of the building material; and a mixer for mixing the first component and the second component, wherein the mixer comprises a drive and a mixing chamber provided with an agitator shaft and a conveyor device wherein the conveyor device is designed as a screw conveyor with windings; wherein the building material contains fibers, and: a distance between adjacent windings of the screw conveyor is at least 40% of a length of the fibers, and/or a distance between adjacent agitator elements of the agitator shaft is at least 40% of a length of the fibers; or wherein the building material does not contain fibers, and: distances between adjacent windings of the screw conveyor are smaller, the closer the windings are arranged to an outlet, and/or a distance between adjacent agitator elements of the agitator shaft is between 5 and 50 mm; or wherein the first component contains an aggregate, and wherein a distance between ends of agitator elements of the agitator shaft and an inner wall of the mixing chamber is at least as large as a diameter of the grains of the aggregate.

2. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first winding of the screw conveyor has a smaller diameter than following windings.

3. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first winding of the conveyor device has an outer face which is chamfered by an angle such that a first edge is lower than the second edge, wherein the first edge is further away from an outlet of the mixer than the second edge.

4. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first component of the building material is a pumpable concrete, and wherein the second component of the building material is a concrete additive which contains an accelerator.

5. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the agitator elements have external threads, and wherein the agitator shaft has depressions with internal threads, so that the agitator elements can be inserted in and removed from the agitator shaft by rotation.

6. The device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the agitator elements of the agitator shaft are configured as pins.

7. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the building material contains fibers, and wherein distances between adjacent windings are substantially equal.

8. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the building material contains fibers, and wherein the conveyor device has two to four windings.

9. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the building material contains fibers and wherein a cross-section of a delimiting surface of the conveyor device is formed so as to be substantially rectilinear or substantially S-shaped.

10. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the building material contains fibers and wherein the fibers have a length of 5 to 20 mm, and/or a width of 5 to 2000 μm, and/or a height of 5 to 100 μm.

11. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the building material contains fibers, wherein the fibers consists at least partly of metal or plastic or glass or carbon, and/or wherein the fibers are flexible.

12. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the building material contains fibers, wherein 1 liter of building material has between 1,000 and 1,000,000,000 fibers.

13. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the building material does not contain fibers, and wherein the conveyor device has two to ten windings.

14. A method for production of a structure from the building material, the method comprising: provision of a first component; provision of a second component of the building material; mixing of the first component and the second component in a mixer, wherein the mixer comprises a drive and a mixing chamber with an agitator shaft and a conveyor device wherein the conveyor device is configured as a screw conveyor with windings; movement of a movement device for changing an application site in a space; conveying of the building material by the conveyor element; application of the building material; and adaptation of the mixer to the building material, wherein in the case of a building material with fibers: a distance between adjacent windings of the screw conveyor is at least 80% of a length of the fibers, and/or a distance between adjacent agitator elements of the agitator shaft is at least 80% of a length of the fibers; or in the case of a building material without fibers: distances between adjacent windings of the screw conveyor are smaller, the closer the windings are arranged to an outlet, and/or a distance between adjacent agitator elements of the agitator shaft is between 5 and 50 mm; or when the first component contains an aggregate, a distance between ends of agitator elements of the agitator shaft and an inner wall of the mixing chamber is at least as large as a diameter of the grains of the aggregate.

15. The method as claimed in claim 14, wherein the method is carried out with the device for applying the building material, wherein the device further comprises: the movement device for changing an application site in a space; the first component of the building material; the second component of the building material; and the mixer for mixing the first component and the second component, wherein the mixer comprises the drive and the mixing chamber provided with the agitator shaft and the conveyor device, wherein the conveyor device is designed as the screw conveyor with windings; wherein the building material contains fibers, and: the distance between adjacent windings of the screw conveyor is at least 40% of the length of the fibers, and/or the distance between adjacent agitator elements of the agitator shaft is at least 40% of the length of the fibers; or wherein the building material does not contain fibers, and: distances between adjacent windings of the screw conveyor are smaller, the closer the windings are arranged to the outlet, and/or the distance between adjacent agitator elements of the agitator shaft is between 5 and 50 mm; or wherein the first component contains the aggregate, and wherein the distance between ends of agitator elements of the agitator shaft and an inner wall of the mixing chamber is at least as large as the diameter of the grains of the aggregate.

Description

[0068] Details and advantages of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments and diagrammatic drawings. The drawings show:

[0069] FIG. 1 a diagrammatic depiction of an exemplary device for applying a building material;

[0070] FIG. 2 a diagrammatic depiction of an exemplary mixer;

[0071] FIG. 3 an exemplary depiction of a mixing chamber;

[0072] FIG. 4 an exemplary depiction of a conveyor device;

[0073] FIGS. 5a and 5b an exemplary depiction of a conveyor device for building materials without fibers;

[0074] FIGS. 6a and 6b an exemplary depiction of a conveyor device for building materials with fibers;

[0075] FIG. 7 a diagrammatic depiction of an exemplary fiber; and

[0076] FIG. 8 a diagrammatic depiction of a grain of an aggregate of the building material.

[0077] FIG. 1 shows diagrammatically a device for applying a building material. The device 1 comprises a movement device 2 which, in this exemplary embodiment, is configured as a device with a crane-like arm. A mixer 5 is arranged at a head of the movement device 2. A first component 3 and a second component 4 can be supplied to the mixer 5 via a respective first hose 27 and second hose 28. The mixer 5 has a first inlet 7.1 and a second inlet 7.2, at which the first component 3 and the second component 4 can be supplied to the mixer 5. The mixer 5 furthermore has an outlet 6, via which the building material can be applied.

[0078] In this exemplary embodiment, the mixer 5 is moved by the movement device 2 to a site at which the building material is to be applied.

[0079] FIG. 2 shows the mixer 5 from FIG. 1 in more detail. The mixer 5 has a drive 8 and a mixing chamber 9. The mixing chamber 9 has a first inlet 7.1, a second inlet 7.2 and a third inlet 7.3. The mixing chamber 9 also has an outlet 6. Here, for example, the first inlet 7.1 may be used for supply of the first component, the second inlet 7.2 may be used for supply of cleaning fluid to the mixing chamber 9, and the third inlet 7.3 may be used for supply of the second component of the building material to the mixing chamber 9. A nozzle (not shown) may be arranged for example at the outlet 6 in order to apply the building material in a desired cross-section.

[0080] FIG. 3 shows as an example various components of the mixing chamber 9. It is evident that an agitator shaft 16 is arranged in the mixing chamber 9, and agitator elements 19 and a conveyor element 18 are arranged thereon. In this exemplary embodiment, the agitator elements 19 are arranged on a first portion of the agitator shaft 16, and the conveyor device 18 is arranged on a second portion of the agitator shaft 16. The first portion of the agitator shaft with the agitator elements 19 is arranged in the region of the inlets 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, and the conveyor device 18 is arranged in the region of the outlet 6.

[0081] FIG. 4 shows an exemplary conveyor device 18. It is evident that the conveyor device 18 may be designed to be pressed onto the agitator shaft 16. In this exemplary embodiment, a locking element 20 is also provided for securing the conveyor device 18 on the agitator shaft 16.

[0082] In the exemplary embodiments shown, the agitator shaft 16 has depressions 17 in which the agitator elements 19 may be attached. This attachment may take place for example by screwing the agitator elements onto the agitator shaft, wherein the agitator elements have an external thread and the depressions have an internal thread. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the agitator elements 19 are configured as pins. It is self-evident that more agitator elements 19 than are shown in the figures may be arranged on the agitator shaft 16.

[0083] FIGS. 5a and 5b show an exemplary conveyor element 18 which is suitable in particular for building materials without fibers. In this exemplary embodiment, the conveyor device 18 is configured as a screw conveyor. The screw conveyor has several windings 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5. The windings 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5 are separated by a respective conveyor cross-section 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4. In FIG. 5a, it is evident that the conveyor cross-sections 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4 become smaller, the closer they are arranged to an outlet of the mixer (not shown). The conveyor cross-sections 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4 are determined firstly by the form of the delimiting surface 12, and secondly by the size of the distances 13.1, 13.2, 13.3, 13.4 between adjacent windings 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5.

[0084] In this exemplary embodiment, the first winding 10.1—which is furthest removed from an outlet of the mixer (not shown)—has a smaller diameter than the following windings 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5. Also, the first winding 10.1 has an outer surface which is chamfered by an angle α. A first edge 22 is formed lower than the second edge 23, wherein the first edge 22 is spaced further from the outlet of the mixer (not shown) than the second edge 23.

[0085] FIG. 5b shows the same conveyor device as FIG. 5a, but in a perspective view and as a sectional drawing. In FIG. 5b, it is also evident that the conveyor device 18 may be pressed onto the agitator shaft 16 and secured (see FIG. 4).

[0086] FIGS. 6a and 6b show a further exemplary conveyor device 18 which is particularly suitable for building materials with fibers. In this exemplary embodiment, the first winding 10.1 is again chamfered and is smaller than the further windings 10.2, 10.3. In contrast to the conveyor device in FIGS. 5a and 5b, the distances 13.1, 13.2 between the windings 10.1, 10.2, 10.3 are equal in this exemplary embodiment. In particular, the distances 13.1, 13.2 are selected such that they amount to at least 80% of a length of the fibers of the building material.

[0087] In this exemplary embodiment, the conveyor cross-sections 11.1, 11.2 also reduce from winding to winding, but less greatly than in the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 5a and 5b. In this exemplary embodiment, the delimiting surface 12 of the conveyor device 18 also has a substantially rectilinear cross-section.

[0088] FIG. 6b shows the same conveyor device 18 as FIG. 6a, but in perspective view and as a cross-section. Again it is evident that the conveyor device 18 may be pressed onto the agitator shaft and secured (see FIG. 4).

[0089] FIG. 7 shows an exemplary fiber 25. The fiber has a length of 25.1, a width 25.2 and a height 25.3. The height 25.3 of the fiber 25 is in particular selected such that, in accordance with the fiber material, the fiber 25 is configured so as to be flexible.

[0090] FIG. 8 shows an exemplary grain 26 of the aggregate of the building material. As shown here, the grain 26 may have an irregularly formed surface. A diameter 26.1 corresponds to a largest diameter of the grain 26.

LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

[0091] 1 Device [0092] 2 Movement device [0093] 3 First component [0094] 4 Second component [0095] 5 Mixer [0096] 6 Outlet [0097] 7 Inlet [0098] 7.1 First inlet [0099] 7.2 Second inlet [0100] 7.3 Third inlet [0101] 8 Drive [0102] 9 Mixing chamber [0103] 10 Winding [0104] 10.1 First winding [0105] 10.2 Second winding [0106] 10.3 Third winding [0107] 10.4 Fourth winding [0108] 10.5 Fifth winding [0109] 11 Conveyor cross-section [0110] 11.1 First conveyor cross-section [0111] 11.2 Second conveyor cross-section [0112] 11.3 Third conveyor cross-section [0113] 11.4 Fourth conveyor cross-section [0114] 12 Delimiting surface [0115] 13 Distance between adjacent windings [0116] 13.1 First distance [0117] 13.2 Second distance [0118] 13.3 Third distance [0119] 13.4 Fourth distance [0120] 16 Agitator shaft [0121] 17 Depression [0122] 18 Conveyor element [0123] 19 Agitator element [0124] 20 Locking element [0125] 22 First edge [0126] 23 Second edge [0127] 25 Fiber [0128] 26 Grain [0129] 27 First hose [0130] 28 Second hose