Gasoline product containing combustion improver and manufacturing method therefor

Abstract

Provided is a gasoline product containing a combustion improver, and a method for preparing the gasoline product. The combustion improver is added to gasoline to reduce an octane number and thus an ignition point of the gasoline, so that the gasoline product can be used in a compression ignition internal combustion engine. The combustion improver-containing gasoline product is a low-octane number gasoline, and is capable of being ignited through compression by an internal combustion engine having a compression ratio in the range from 12 to 22.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a gasoline product containing a combustion improver, comprising: adding the combustion improver to gasoline to reduce an octane number of the gasoline, so that the gasoline can be ignited through compression by a compression-ignition internal combustion engine; wherein the combustion improver can be homogeneously mixed with the base gasoline, to effectively reduce the octane number of the gasoline; wherein the gasoline product consists of gasoline and the combustion improver; the said combustion improver is an additive having the ability to reduce the octane number of gasoline, or a combination of two or more additives having the ability to reduce the octane number of gasoline; wherein the gasoline contains a mixture of hydrocarbons having each 6 to 11, or 5 to 12 carbon atoms as main constituents; wherein the combustion improver comprises at least one selected from a group consisting of ammonium nitrate and derivatives thereof, nitrates and derivatives thereof, aniline and derivatives thereof, and nitrobenzene and derivatives thereof; wherein the nitrates and derivatives thereof are at least one selected from a group consisting of methyl nitrate, ethyl nitrate, propyl nitrate, butyl nitrate, amyl nitrate, hexyl nitrate, heptyl nitrate, nonyl nitrate, decyl nitrate, undecyl nitrate, dodecyl nitrate, and nitrites and derivatives thereof; wherein the gasoline product has an octane number of less than or equal to 69 and is capable of being ignited through compression ignition by an internal combustion engine having a compression ratio in the range from 9 to 22.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the combustion improver further comprises at least one selected from a group consisting of phenol, acetone, cyclohexanone, methyl ether, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether, propyl ether, methyl propyl ether, ethyl propyl ether, caprolactam, acrylonitrile, adipic acid, hexamethylene diamine, acetic acid, propionic acid, formic acid, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, benzaldehyde, vinyl acetate, dicumyl peroxide, linalool, 1,4-butanediol, tetrahydrofuran, diethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol ether, cyclohexylamine, dicyclohexylamine, acetonitrile, hydroxy acetonitrile, bisphenol A, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, amyl acetate, hexyl acetate, heptyl acetate, octyl acetate, nonyl acetate, decyl acetate, undecyl acetate, dodecyl acetate, methyl acrylate, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and hydrazine.

3. The gasoline product according to claim 1, wherein the gasoline contains a mixture of claim 1 as main constituents, and meanwhile contains 0 to 70% by mass of a mixture of hydrocarbons having each 13 to 19 carbon atoms.

4. The gasoline product according to claim 1, wherein the main constituents of the gasoline are from biomass materials; or wherein the main constituents of the gasoline are a mixture of heteroatom-containing hydrocarbons having 4 to 12 carbon atoms.

5. The gasoline product according to claim 1, wherein the main constituents of the gasoline are from biomass materials; or wherein the main constituents of the gasoline are a mixture of heteroatom-containing hydrocarbons having 4 to 19 carbon atoms, among which a mass fraction of heteroatom-containing hydrocarbons having 13 to 19 carbon atoms ranges from 0 to 70%.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ammonium nitrate and derivatives thereof are at least one selected from a group consisting of ammonium nitrate and ammonium nitrite.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the aniline and derivatives thereof are at least one selected from a group consisting of aniline, methylaniline, ethylaniline, propylaniline, and methylethylaniline.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the nitrobenzene and derivatives thereof are at least one selected from a group consisting of nitrobenzene, nitrotoluene and derivatives thereof, nitroethylbenzene and derivatives thereof, nitropropyl benzene and derivatives thereof, nitromethylethylbenzene and derivatives thereof, dinitrobenzene and derivatives thereof, and trinitrobenzene and derivatives thereof.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the nitrobenzene and derivatives thereof are at least one selected from a group consisting of trinitrotoluene, trinitroethylbenzene, trinitropropylbenzene, trinitrobutylbenzene, dinitrotoluene, dinitroethylbenzene, dinitropropylbenzene, dinitrobutylbenzene, trinitrophenol, dinitrophenol, and nitrophenol.

10. A gasoline product prepared by the method according to claim 1, wherein the gasoline product has an octane number of less than or equal to 69 and is capable of being ignited through compression ignition by an internal combustion engine having a compression ratio in the range from 9 to 22.

11. The gasoline product according to claim 10, wherein the gasoline product has an octane number of less than or equal to 69 and is capable of being ignited through compression ignition by an internal combustion engine having a compression ratio in the range from 9 to 22; wherein the combustion improver further comprises at least one selected from a group consisting of phenol, acetone, cyclohexanone, methyl ether, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether, propyl ether, methyl propyl ether, ethyl propyl ether, caprolactam, acrylonitrile, adipic acid, hexamethylene diamine, acetic acid, propionic acid, formic acid, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, benzaldehyde, vinyl acetate, dicumyl peroxide, linalool, 1,4-butanediol, tetrahydrofuran, diethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol ether, cyclohexylamine, dicyclohexylamine, acetonitrile, hydroxy acetonitrile, bisphenol A, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, amyl acetate, hexyl acetate, heptyl acetate, octyl acetate, nonyl acetate, decyl acetate, undecyl acetate, dodecyl acetate, methyl acrylate, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and hydrazine.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein adding the combustion improver at controlled contents and proportions into the gasoline, in response of different octane numbers of base gasoline, to achieve a homogeneous nitrogen-oxygen equivalent of the gasoline product.

13. The gasoline product according to claim 1, wherein the gasoline contains a mixture of hydrocarbons having 5 carbon atoms as main constituents.

14. A method for preparing a gasoline product containing a combustion improver, comprising: adding the combustion improver to gasoline to reduce an octane number of the gasoline, so that the gasoline can be ignited through compression by a compression-ignition internal combustion engine; wherein the combustion improver can be homogeneously mixed with the base gasoline, to effectively reduce the octane number of the gasoline; wherein the gasoline product consists of gasoline and the combustion improver; the said combustion improver is an additive having the ability to reduce the octane number of gasoline, or a combination of two or more additives having the ability to reduce the octane number of gasoline; wherein the gasoline contains a mixture of hydrocarbons having each 6 to 11, or 5 to 12 carbon atoms as main constituents; wherein the gasoline product has an octane number of less than or equal to 69 and is capable of being ignited through compression ignition by an internal combustion engine having a compression ratio in the range from 9 to 22.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the combustion improver further comprises at least one selected from a group consisting of nitrates and derivatives thereof, aniline and derivatives thereof, and nitrobenzene and derivatives thereof.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the nitrates and derivatives thereof are at least one selected from a group consisting of methyl nitrate, ethyl nitrate, propyl nitrate, butyl nitrate, amyl nitrate, hexyl nitrate, heptyl nitrate, octyl nitrate, nonyl nitrate, decyl nitrate, undecyl nitrate, dodecyl nitrate, and nitrites and derivatives thereof; wherein the aniline and derivatives thereof are at least one selected from a group consisting of aniline, methylaniline, ethylaniline, propylaniline, and methylethylaniline; wherein the nitrobenzene and derivatives thereof are at least one selected from a group consisting of nitrobenzene, nitrotoluene and derivatives thereof, nitroethylbenzene and derivatives thereof, nitropropyl benzene and derivatives thereof, nitromethylethylbenzene and derivatives thereof, dinitrobenzene and derivatives thereof, and trinitrobenzene and derivatives thereof.

17. The method according to claim 14, wherein the ammonium nitrate and derivatives thereof are at least one selected from a group consisting of ammonium nitrate and ammonium nitrite.

18. The method according to claim 14, wherein the combustion improver further comprises at least one selected from a group consisting of phenol, acetone, cyclohexanone, methyl ether, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether, propyl ether, methyl propyl ether, ethyl propyl ether, caprolactam, acrylonitrile, adipic acid, hexamethylene diamine, acetic acid, propionic acid, formic acid, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, benzaldehyde, vinyl acetate, dicumyl peroxide, linalool, 1,4-butanediol, tetrahydrofuran, diethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol ether, cyclohexylamine, dicyclohexylamine, acetonitrile, hydroxy acetonitrile, bisphenol A, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, amyl acetate, hexyl acetate, heptyl acetate, octyl acetate, nonyl acetate, decyl acetate, undecyl acetate, dodecyl acetate, methyl acrylate, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and hydrazine.

19. The method according to claim 15, wherein the nitrobenzene and derivatives thereof are at least one selected from a group consisting of trinitrotoluene, trinitroethylbenzene, trinitropropylbenzene, trinitrobutylbenzene, dinitrotoluene, dinitroethylbenzene, dinitropropylbenzene, dinitrobutylbenzene, trinitrophenol, dinitrophenol, and nitrophenol.

20. The method according to claim 14, wherein adding the combustion improver at controlled contents and proportions into the gasoline, in response of different octane numbers of base gasoline, to achieve a homogeneous nitrogen-oxygen equivalent of the gasoline product.

21. A gasoline product prepared by the method according to claim 14, wherein the gasoline product has an octane number of less than or equal to 69 and is capable of being ignited through compression ignition by an internal combustion engine having a compression ratio in the range from 9 to 22.

22. The method according to claim 14, wherein the gasoline contains a mixture of hydrocarbons having 5 carbon atoms as main constituents.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

Example 1

(1) Base gasoline having an octane number of 70 was added with a combustion improver n-butyl nitrate at a mass fraction of A, to obtain low-octane gasoline with an octane number of 30. Base gasoline having an octane number of 63 was added with the combustion improver n-butyl nitrate at a mass fraction B and a combustion improver n-octyl nitrate at a mass fraction C simultaneously, to obtain low-octane gasoline with an octane number of 30 also. Moreover, the low-octane gasoline products obtained through the above two approaches had the same octane number (30), and contained the same amount of nitrogen atoms (by mass) per unit mass of gasoline, i.e., the same nitrogen-oxygen equivalent.

Example 2

(2) Naphtha (or straight-run gasoline) which was obtained from petroleum refining and had an octane number of 68 was used as a raw material (base gasoline), into which n-butyl nitrate having a mass fraction of 0.08% was added to obtain low-octane gasoline with an octane number of 55.

Example 3

(3) Light oil with biomass oil as a raw material and having an octane number of 60 was added with ammonium nitrate at a mass fraction of E and nitro benzene in a mass fraction of F, to obtain low-octane gasoline with an octane number of 25.

Example 4

(4) A specific by-product, chemical light oil, which was obtained from a petrochemical plant and had an octane number of 59 and a density of 0.68 g/cm3 was used as a raw material and added with a combustion improver, to obtain low-octane gasoline with an octane number of 20. Such low-octane gasoline was homogeneously blended with No. 0 diesel oil at a mass ratio of 50%. A resulting blended fuel could be used successfully in a diesel engine. Such a blended fuel had better power performance and generated cleaner exhaust gases than diesel oil. Moreover, such a blended fuel had anti-freeze resistance and would not be frozen at minus 20° C.

Example 5

(5) Gasoline 93 #sold at gas stations (being commercially available) having an octane number of 93 was used as a raw material and added with a combustion improver to obtain low-octane gasoline having an octane number of (−10)-69, or other labels of gasoline products with an octane number in the range from 69 to 92.