Heat shield assembly of a combustion chamber having a disk spring set

Abstract

A heat shield assembly of a combustion chamber has a supporting structure and heat shield elements arranged on the supporting structure. For fastening, the supporting structure has spring devices fastened therein, into each of which a fastening bolt can be screwed. In order to realize the pre-installation and the later removal of the spring elements contained in the spring device, at a holding sleeve, a contact plate is removably fastened in the holding sleeve on the side facing the heat shield element and a stationary securing plate is arranged on the opposite side.

Claims

1. A heat shield assembly of a combustion chamber, comprising: a support structure, at least one heat shield element which is arranged on the support structure, which heat shield element comprises a receiving hole, and a spring device comprising: a receiving sleeve which is fastened in the support structure; an abutment plate which is fixed in place to a first end of the receiving sleeve proximate the heat shield element during operation; a locking plate is fixed to a second end of the receiving sleeve opposite the first end; a pressure plate which is axially movable along a central axis of the receiving sleeve between the abutment plate and the locking plate; at least one spring element which is arranged between the abutment plate and the pressure plate, a fastening bolt, and an inner sleeve configured to be rotated inside of and fastened inside the receiving sleeve in a removable manner, wherein the abutment plate comprises a through-hole and the pressure plate comprises a fastening means, and wherein the fastening bolt penetrates the heat shield element via the receiving hole and the abutment plate via the through-hole and engages the fastening means of the pressure plate, wherein the abutment plate is fastened in the receiving sleeve in a removable manner.

2. The heat shield assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein the locking plate is arranged integrally on the receiving sleeve.

3. The heat shield assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein the abutment plate is arranged integrally on the inner sleeve.

4. The heat shield assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one of the pressure plate and the at least one spring element is arranged in the inner sleeve.

5. The heat shield assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one of the abutment plate and the inner sleeve is screwed in the receiving sleeve.

6. The heat shield assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein the abutment plate terminates flush with the receiving sleeve.

7. The heat shield assembly as claimed in claim 6, wherein the heat shield element butts against the receiving sleeve and against the abutment plate.

8. The heat shield assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressure plate comprises a guide flange which engages in at least one of an inner guide groove in the inner sleeve and an outer guide groove in the receiving sleeve.

9. The heat shield assembly as claimed in claim 8, wherein the pressure plate comprises the guide flange which engages in the inner guide groove in the inner sleeve and in the outer guide groove in the receiving sleeve, and wherein the guide flange, upon abutment of the pressure plate against the locking plate, is disengaged from the inner guide groove in the inner sleeve.

10. A combustion chamber comprising: a heat shield assembly as claimed in claim 1.

11. A gas turbine comprising: a combustion chamber as claimed in claim 10.

12. The heat shield assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber is of a gas turbine.

13. A spring device, comprising: a receiving sleeve adapted to be fastened in a support structure, an inner sleeve configured to be rotated inside of and fastened inside the receiving sleeve in a removable manner, an abutment plate which is fixed in place at a first end of the receiving sleeve proximate the heat shield during operation, a fixed locking plate at a second end of the receiving sleeve opposite the first end, a pressure plate which is axially movable between the abutment plate and the locking plate along a central axis of the receiving sleeve, and at least one spring element which is arranged between the abutment plate and the pressure plate, wherein the abutment plate comprises a through-hole and the pressure plate comprises a fastening means, wherein the fastening means comprises female threads, a fastening bolt configured to penetrate the abutment plate and engage the fastening means of the pressure plate such that fastening the fastening bolt pulls the pressure plate toward the abutment plate against a bias of the at least one spring element, wherein the abutment plate is fastened in the receiving sleeve in a removable manner.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) In the following figures, an example of a heat shield assembly according to the invention and also two examples of spring devices according to the invention are outlined in detail. In the drawing:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a section of the exemplary heat shield assembly in the region of the spring device;

(3) FIG. 2 shows a view in relation to FIG. 1 with the spring device omitted;

(4) FIG. 3 shows the spring device in relation to FIG. 1;

(5) FIG. 4 shows an exploded view in relation to FIG. 3;

(6) FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment for a spring device similar to the view of FIG. 3;

(7) FIG. 6 shows an exploded view in relation to FIG. 5.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION

(8) FIG. 1 shows only a small detail of an exemplary heat shield assembly 01 in the region of an exemplary spring device 06 according to the invention. To this end, FIG. 2 again outlines the elements of the heat shield assembly 01, omitting the spring device 06. Apparent first of all is the support structure 03, in which is located a receiving hole 04, wherein in this case the receiving hole 04 is a through-hole with a female thread 05. Arranged on the upper side 07 which points toward the combustion chamber interior 02 is a heat shield element 11 which is fastened by means of a fastening bolt 18 on the spring device 06 and therefore on the support structure 03. To this end, the heat shield element has a fastening base 15 in which is located a through-hole 16 for receiving the fastening bolt 18.

(9) The heat shield element 11 in this case has a hot side 12 which points toward the combustion chamber interior and a cold side 13 which points toward the support structure 03. Outlined in this exemplary embodiment is a metal heat shield element 11 which has a fastening base 15 which extends from the cold side 13 to the upper side 07 of the support structure 03. It is provided in this case that the fastening base 15 bears on the spring device 06. With regard to the embodiment according to the invention, it is unimportant in this case how the heat shield element 11 is subsequently designed and in this respect whether the heat shield element 11 has an encompassing edge which extends from the cold side 13 to the support structure 03, which edge can be formed with a gap toward the upper side of the support structure 03 or selectively comes to lie on the support structure 03.

(10) For cooling the fastening bolt 18, this has a cooling passage 19 which extends from the rear side to the combustion chamber interior. As a result of this, the effect of the fastening bolt 18 becoming prematurely fatigued on account of high thermal load is prevented.

(11) The spring device 06, as outlined in FIGS. 3 and 4, has a receiving sleeve 21 which in this case is constructed with a male thread 24 for screwing into the receiving hole 04 of the support structure 03. The receiving sleeve 21, on the rear side pointing away from the heat shield element 11, integrally forms the locking plate 22 so that the receiving sleeve 21 is represented in the style of a pot which is open toward the heat shield element 11. For enabling screwing in of the fastening bolt 18, the locking plate 22 is also provided with a through-hole 26. For the fastening of the abutment plate 32 or the inner sleeve 31, it is provided that the receiving sleeve 21 also has a female thread 25 on the inner side. The inner sleeve 31 is correspondingly screwed in the receiving sleeve 21, wherein it is provided in this exemplary embodiment that the upper side 17 of the receiving sleeve 21 terminates flush with the upper side 27 of the inner sleeve 31.

(12) The inner sleeve 31 integrally forms the abutment plate 32, wherein the abutment plate 32 also features the through-hole 36 for receiving the fastening bolt 18. On the inside, the inner sleeve 31 has guide groves 33 which extend in the axial direction of the spring device 06. The spring element 49 for realizing the spring device is formed by way of example in this exemplary embodiment by a compression spring 49. It is obvious that a disk spring pack can also be used in dependence of the required spring forces.

(13) Located between the spring element 49 and the locking plate 22 is the pressure plate 42. This pressure plate 42 is axially movable in this case inside the spring device 06, wherein in the direction of the heat shield element 11 the spring force of the spring element 49 is counteracted and in the opposite direction the travel is limited by the locking plate 22. The pressure plate 42 is in this case designed in the style of a nut with a threaded hole 46, wherein two guide flanges 43 which are oppositely disposed on the circumference extend from a circular disk. The guide flanges 43 engage with a small clearance in the inner guide groves 33 of the inner sleeve 31.

(14) It is easy to see that the spring device 06 can be pre-assembled so that a correspondingly pretensioned spring pack is made available. During the fixing of the receiving sleeve 21 in the support structure 03, it is also obvious how disassembly of the spring element 49, in which the inner sleeve 31 is screwed out of the receiving sleeve 21, is still possible.

(15) For enabling a screwing of the inner sleeve 31 or the abutment plate 32 in the receiving sleeve 21, an engagement means is advantageously made available on the upper side 27 of the inner sleeve 31. Whether this penetrates the abutment plate 32 in the process is unimportant here providing a suitable tool can be attached for installing the abutment plate or the inner sleeve. Radially symmetrically disposed holes or the like for example can be provided as engagement means. For this purpose, the through-hole 36 can also be hexagonally designed.

(16) Shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is an alternative exemplary embodiment in which when using the spring device 56 fixing of the inner sleeve 81 relative to the receiving sleeve 71 is particularly advantageously carried out. To this end, the receiving sleeve 71, similar to the previous exemplary embodiment, is first of all constructed and in this respect integrally forms the locking plate 72 which points away from the heat shield element. This locking plate 72 correspondingly also has a through-hole 76. A male thread 74 for screwing into the female thread 05 of the receiving hole 04 of the support structure 03 is also correspondingly located on the outer circumference. In turn, fastening of the inner sleeve 81 in the receiving sleeve 71 by means of a screwed connection is provided so that in a correspondingly similar manner the receiving sleeve 71 has a female thread 75 and the inner sleeve 81 has a male thread 84. The inner sleeve 81 in turn integrally forms the abutment plate 82 with a through-hole 86. The inner sleeve 81 also has two oppositely disposed inner guide grooves 83, wherein in contrast to the previous exemplary embodiment the female thread only extends up to the guide groove 83. The shortening of the thread is not compulsory, but rather it is necessary in this embodiment that the guide groove 83 extends radially through the wall of the inner sleeve 81. Similar to the previous exemplary embodiment, the spring element 99 is again arranged in the inner sleeve 81, which spring element 99 on the side which points toward the heat shield element 11 correspondingly butts against the abutment plate 82 and on the opposite side against a pressure plate 92 the movement of which inside the spring device 56 is limited by the locking plate 72. To this end, the pressure plate 92, corresponding to the previous exemplary embodiment, has a threaded hole 96 for the fitting of the fastening bolt 18.

(17) In contrast to the previous exemplary embodiment, it is now provided, however, that the inner sleeve 81 is shortened by the material thickness of the pressure plate 92 in relation to the depth of the receiving sleeve 71. Furthermore, the receiving sleeve 71 has in each case oppositely disposed outer guide grooves 73 on its lower end, wherein to this end the pressure plate 92 has oppositely disposed extended guide flanges 93. The guide flanges 93, regardless of the presence of the inner sleeve 81, engage in the outer guide grooves 73. In this respect, a rotation of the pressure plate 92 relative to the receiving sleeve 71 independently of the inner sleeve 81 is prevented. On account of the shortened inner sleeve, a rotation of the inner sleeve 81 relative to the receiving sleeve 71 independently of the rotation locking of the pressure plate 91 is possible. If the spring device 56 is subsequently used and by means of the fastening bolt 18 a displacement of the pressure plate 92 against the spring force of the spring element 99 is effected, the inner guide grooves 83 in the inner sleeve 81 lead to a rotation locking of the pressure plate 92 relative to the inner sleeve 81. On account of the already existing rotation locking of the pressure plate 92 relative to the receiving sleeve 71 due to the outer guide grooves 73, a rotation of the inner sleeve 81 relative to the receiving sleeve 71 is provided.

(18) In the case of the advantageous rotation locking, it is in particular not necessary that the upper side 37 of the abutment plate 82 coincides with the upper side 57 of the receiving sleeve 71, i.e. a misalignment is unimportant with regard to this.