Variable-diameter reinforcing cage for anchor rod or pile foundation

Abstract

A variable-diameter reinforcing cage for an anchor rod or pile foundation, comprising an axial rod (4), a plurality of vertical bars (2), at least two circular fixators (5) and several groups of ribs (3) which correspond to the circular fixators (5). The circular fixators (5) are all sleeved on the axial rod (4); one end of the ribs (3) is movably connected to the position of the vertical bars (2) at the same height, and the other end of the ribs (3) is movably connected to the circular fixators (5); annular hoops (6) are arranged on the periphery of the vertical bars (2) to serve as circles of latitude; fixing points are formed on the annular hoops (6) and the vertical bars (2); and the annular hoops (6) are annular spiral spring hoops of an elastic material or flexible steel wires.

Claims

1. A variable-diameter reinforcing cage for an anchor rod or pile foundation rod is characterized in that said reinforcing cage includes an axial rod, a plurality of sets vertical bars, at least two circular fixators and a plurality of groups of ribs, corresponding to each circular fixator; wherein the circular fixators are all sleeved on the axial rod or the pile foundation rod; each circular fixator is arranged in a circular manner and used for movably attaching the plurality of groups of ribs, a quantity of the plurality of the groups of ribs is the same as that of the plurality of sets of vertical bars; one end of each rib is movably connected to each vertical bar at a same height position with respect to the axial rod, and the other end of each rib is movably connected to the circular fixators; that is, each vertical bar is movably connected to each rib which in turn attaches to a circular fixator at a different height position, and the plurality of sets of vertical bars surround the axial rod; outer circumference of the vertical bars is provided with annular hoops as an outer weft; fixing points are formed on the annular hoops and the vertical bars; the annular hoops are annular spiral spring hoops made of an elastic material or are flexible steel wires; annular hoops are configured to be adjusted between different use conditions; end of the annular spiral spring hoops is fitted with an annular hoop restraint and release device; when flexible steel wires are used, a restraint and release device for stretching out the vertical bars and ribs is mounted.

2. The variable-diameter reinforcing cage according to claim 1, wherein at least one circular fixator slides on the axial rod or the pile foundation rod, and the sliding circular fixator is fitted with a positioning device on the axial rod or the pile foundation rod.

3. The variable-diameter reinforcing cage according to claim 1, wherein the release device for stretching out the vertical bars is an end release device of the annular spiral spring hoops; the end release device is a shaft pin or shaft hole structure made from an end of the annular hoops; when an end of the annular spiral spring hoops is a shaft pin, it inserts a fixing hole; when the end of the annular spiral spring hoops is a shaft hole, there is a pin shaft for fixing the end of the hoops.

4. The variable-diameter reinforcing cage according to claim 1, wherein when the outer weft are flexible steel wires, the release device for stretching out the ribs and vertical bars is the device for stretching out the plurality of the groups of ribs; flexible steel wires include steel wires include stranded steel wires, steel ropes, chain structures or tensile wires.

5. The variable-diameter reinforcing cage according to claim 1, wherein the annular spiral spring hoops are at the inner ring position of the vertical bars to stretch out the vertical bars; when the annular spiral spring hoops and the outer weft are flexible steel wires, both the annular spiral spring hoops and the flexible steel wires form fixing points with the vertical bars; the fixing points can be binding or circular knots with a certain space.

6. The variable-diameter reinforcing cage according to claim 5, wherein the vertical bars are straight or curved.

7. The variable-diameter reinforcing cage according to claim 1, wherein the mode of movably connecting the ribs with the vertical bars: the circular fixator connects the ribs to the vertical bars by means of pin shafts and pin shaft brackets; the number of the vertical bar ribs is more than 3.

8. The variable-diameter reinforcing cage according to claim 1, wherein more than 2 circular fixators are distributed uniformly on the shaft, at least 1 circular fixator slides on the axial rod, and there is a stopper for limiting a sliding distance of the circular fixator.

9. The variable-diameter reinforcing cage according to claim 1, wherein when the outer weft are flexible steel wires, the sliding circular fixator is fitted with a release device for stretching out the vertical bars of the ribs; the release device for stretching out the vertical bars of the ribs is the spring device used to stretch out the circular fixators and sleeved on the axial rod stretches out at least 1 sliding circular fixator.

10. The variable-diameter reinforcing cage according to claim 1, wherein when the peripheral annular hoops are spring hoops or flexible steel outer weft, there is a spring sleeved on the axial rod; when the spring is in a state of compression or elongation stress, the circular fixator is constrained and locked or provided with a stopper; after unlocking or opening the stopper, the spring stress drives the circular fixator to slide on the axial rod, thus stretching out the ribs and extending the vertical bars.

11. The variable-diameter reinforcing cage according to claim 1, wherein when the circular fixators are a structure fixed on the axial rod, the circular fixators and the axial rod are an integrated structure.

12. The variable-diameter reinforcing cage according to claim 1, wherein according to the application requirements of specific projects and the variable-diameter principle, variable-diameter reinforcing cages with a variety of three-dimensional shape features are formed, including cylinders, polygonal cylinders, truncated cones, cones, trapezoidal cylinders, spheres, and bamboo-shaped cylinders; according to the application performance requirements of specific projects, the variable-diameter reinforcing cage with ultra-large diameter for a pile foundation forms a variable-diameter reinforcing cage characterized by dual-layer cage-in-cage.

Description

IV. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIGS. 1-1, 1-2 and 1-3 are all the structure diagrams of the variable-diameter reinforcing cage of this invention; FIG. 1-1 shows the unwinding release structure of the tension spring; FIG. 1-2 shows the unwinding release structure of the compression spring; FIG. 1-3 shows the unwinding release structure of the compression spring for sliding of the double circular fixators.

(2) FIG. 2 is the structure diagram of the expanded anchor rod;

(3) FIGS. 3-1 and 3-3 are the schematics of the tightening structure of this invention; FIG. 3-1 is the structure diagram of loop bar tightening without spring; FIG. 3-3 is the structure diagram of loop bar tightening with spring; FIG. 3-2 is the partial schematic of replacing the chassis 12 with the guide cap 14 in the lower part of FIG. 3-1; FIG. 3-4 is the partial schematic of replacing the chassis 12 with the guide cap 14 in the lower part of FIG. 3-3.

(4) FIG. 4-1 is the schematic of the release structure of the invention; FIG. 4-2 is the schematic of the other release structure (loop bar with spring) of the invention;

(5) FIG. 5 is the structure diagram of the B-B cross section in FIG. 4;

(6) FIG. 5-1 is the structure diagram of the circular flower part of the B-B cross section in FIG. 4;

(7) FIG. 6 is the structure diagram of connection of rib 3 in FIG. 5;

(8) FIG. 7 is the structure diagram of the outer annular hoop 6 (spiral);

(9) FIG. 8 is the schematic (enlarged view) of the tightening structure of the second bracket;

(10) FIG. 9 is the schematic of the release structure of the second bracket;

(11) FIG. 10 is the process flow schematic. In the figure: hole drilling a.fwdarw.reaming b.fwdarw.run an anchor head c.fwdarw.open the expansion mechanism in the anchor head d.fwdarw.open the reinforcing cage to the design size e.fwdarw.high pressure grouting or concreting f;

(12) FIG. 11 is the structure diagram of the variable-diameter reinforcing cage at the time of tightening;

(13) FIG. 12 is the structure diagram of the variable-diameter reinforcing cage product after restraint mechanism opening.

V. DETAIL DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

(14) The components shown in the figures include: axial rod 4, circular ring or ring plate 1, a plurality of vertical bars 2, ribs 3, circular fixators 5, annular hoops 6, steel ring 6-1 at the end of the hoops (for fixing and release) , the connecting point 7 of the annular hoop with the axial rod 4, release mechanism 8, socket 8-1 matching with the annular hoop steel ring, steel tray and steel pipe welding 9, counterweight 10, stopper 10-1, the first bracket 11 and the second bracket 11-1, chassis 12, steel tray (i.e., the circular fixator or the circular flower part) 13, ribs 3 which may be flat rods; pin shaft 3-1, pin shaft bracket (U-shaped fixed bracket) 3-2, notch 3-3.

(15) The basic structure of this invention is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2: a variable-diameter reinforcing cage, including an axial rod, a circular ring or ring plate, a plurality of vertical bars, and several ribs; the circular ring or ring plate is perpendicular to the axial rod; the axial rod can be made of steel pipes, hollow steel pipes, steel bars or other materials; one end of the plurality of vertical bars is uniformly fixed on the circular ring or ring plate; the other end or the middle of each vertical bar is connected to one end of a rib, and the other end of the rib is connected to one circular fixator; the circular fixator is fixed on the axial rod or the pile foundation rod. Ribs 3 are similar to the straight rods of umbrella ribs.

(16) FIGS. 3 and 4 are the schematics of the tightening structure and release structure of this invention; the number of the vertical bars is 6, and actually, it can be 3 or more; when the circles of latitude are steel strands, steel ropes, etc., the cross section is polygonal during opening of the variable-diameter reinforcing cage.

(17) In FIGS. 3 and 4, the vertical bars are straight rods vertically distributed in parallel to the axial rod, and can also be distributed in a uniform oblique line manner; In FIGS. 3-1 and 3-3, 15 is a restraint pin, and 16-1 and 16-2 are restraint ropes;

(18) The vertical bars of the first type of reinforcing cage in FIGS. 1 and 2 are distributed generally in a uniform oblique line manner. One end of the plurality of vertical bars is uniformly fixed on the circular ring or ring plate; the other end or the middle of each vertical bar is connected to one end of a rib, and the other end of the rib is connected to the circular fixator; the circular fixator slides on the axial rod (pile foundation rod). The vertical bars can be vertically distributed in parallel to the axial rod after the other end of the ribs is connected to the circular fixator and opened when the diameter of the circular ring or ring plate fixed with one end of the plurality of vertical bars is large.

(19) The vertical bars may also have a toothed shape or an arc shape; then after the variable-diameter reinforcing cage is opened, more than 6 vertical bars distributed uniformly become a spherical or toothed structure.

(20) Annular hoops are arranged on the periphery of the vertical bars of the variable-diameter reinforcing cage, and are made of an elastic material. The annular hoops can be in the shape of a spiral spring. Tightening of the annular hoops indicates that they are not in use (for placing in drill holes); the end of the hoops is fitted with a release device. In the non-use state of tightening and elastic restraint, after the annular hoops are released, the diameter is changed, and increased to be in the original relaxed state of the annular hoops; that is, after small diameter annular hoops are released to the expanded end of the anchor rod or pile foundation, the diameter of the annular hoops is enlarged to the value required by the design (e.g. for a typical model, the diameter is enlarged from less than 200 mm to 400 mm).

(21) There are two types of release devices for stretching out the vertical bars of the ribs. The first type is the elastic locking of the annular spiral spring hoops: annular spiral spring hoops are arranged on the periphery of the vertical bars (hoops can also be arranged on the inner perimeter of the vertical bars to open the vertical bars at their inner ring position); fixing points are formed on the annular spiral spring hoops and the vertical bars; the hoops are the annular spiral spring hoops made of an elastic material. Tightening of the annular hoops indicates that they are not in use; the end of the annular spiral spring hoops is fitted with a release device. The end of the said annular spiral spring hoops is fitted with a release device. The end of the hoops is machined into the structure of a shaft pin or shaft hole; when the end of the spiral spring hoops is a shaft pin, it inserts a fixing hole; when it is a shaft hole, there is a pin shaft for fixing the end of the hoops.

(22) The second type is the release device for opening the vertical bars of the ribs at the circular fixator when flexible steel wires are used. When the peripheral circles of latitude are flexible steel wires, the release device for opening the vertical bars of the ribs is the spring (similar) device of the loop bar for opening the umbrella ribs to stretch out at least one sliding circular fixator.

(23) The first type of variable-diameter reinforcing cage shown in FIGS. 1-1 to 1-3 includes an axial rod, a circular ring or ring plate, a plurality of vertical bars, several ribs, and circular fixators; the circular ring or ring plate is perpendicular to the axial rod; one end of the plurality of vertical bars is uniformly fixed on the circular ring or ring plate; the other end or the middle of each vertical bar is connected to one end of a rib, and the other end of the rib is connected to the circular fixator; the circular fixator slides on the axial rod (pile foundation rod). The plurality of vertical bars surround the axial rod; annular hoops are arranged on the periphery of the vertical bars; fixing points are formed on the annular hoops and the vertical bars; the annular hoops are flexible steel wires. When flexible steel wires are used, a release device for opening the vertical bars of the ribs is arranged at the circular fixator: there is a spring sleeved on the axial rod; when the spring is in a state of stress (compression or elongation), the circular fixator is locked or provided with a stopper; after unlocking or opening the stopper, the spring stress drives the circular fixator to slide on the axial rod (pile foundation rod). Moreover, the spring stress drives the ribs to stretch out and makes the vertical ribs extend outside, showing an action of opening an umbrella. FIG. 1-1 shows the unwinding release structure of the tension spring; FIG. 1-2 shows the unwinding release structure of the compression spring; FIG. 1-3 shows the unwinding release structure of the compression spring for sliding of the double circular fixators (it can also be used for the reinforcing cage with double circular fixators shown in FIG. 2-FIG. 3), or an automatic umbrella opening structure. There is a stopper fixed on the axial rod for fixator sliding; when the stopper is released, the spring's elastic force drives the fixator to slide. When the diameter of the circular ring or ring plate is the same as the diameter after circular fixator releasing and rib opening, the vertical bars can also be parallel to the axial rods to form a cylindrical reinforcing cage. When the diameter of the circular ring or ring plate is different from the diameter after circular fixator releasing and rib opening, the vertical bars form a round table-shaped reinforcing cage.

(24) 4-1 is the spring sleeved on the axial rod, 4-2 is the second rib, and 4-3 is the second circular fixator. The second rib is connected between the second circular fixator and the vertical bar. The second circular fixator and the circular fixator both slide on the axial rod, and the spring 4-1 is arranged between the second circular fixator and the circular fixator 5. When the vertical bars are contracted, the sliding distance of the rib on the axial rod (to the right) is longer than that of the second rib. The spring 4-1 is arranged between the second circular fixator and the circular fixator 5, and is compressed. A stopper is arranged inside the axial rod to stop the second circular fixator or the circular fixator. When the stopper is released, the second circular fixator and the circular fixator automatically move to the left under the action of spring force to stretch out the surrounding vertical bars.

(25) The release structure of the second variable-diameter reinforcing cage is identical with or similar to that of the first variable-diameter reinforcing cage: it is allowed to use only a spring including a tension spring or a compression spring sleeved on the axial rod to drive one sliding circular fixator (the other circular fixator is fixed) while releasing two pairs of ribs (to drive the vertical bars). The tension spring or the compression spring acts on the two sliding circular fixators while releasing two pairs of ribs. Either the tension spring or the compression spring can act on one sliding circular fixator while releasing two pairs of ribs. One pair of tension springs or compression springs can also be used to simultaneously drive the two sliding circular fixators while releasing two pairs of ribs. The size of the tension spring or compression spring can be fixed by the limiting card or the circular fixator is stopped or limited by the limiting card at the elastic stress position of the tension spring or compression spring; when the limiting card or stopper is released, the variable-diameter reinforcing cage is released.

(26) The spring sleeved on the axial rod and the annular spiral spring hoops can be used simultaneously.

(27) Another more specific embodiment is shown in FIG. 3-FIG. 9. In FIG. 1-FIGS. 2 the circular fixator sleeved on the main shaft or the axial rod or the hollow shaft is the steel tray 13. Both the first bracket 11 and the second bracket 11-1 are provided with a steel tray 13; then the two steel trays 13 of the first bracket 11 and the second bracket 11-1 are the first and second circular fixators, similar to the two umbrella opening and closing (corresponding to release and tightening) joints sliding on the axial rod 4). On the first bracket 11 and the second bracket 11-1, the ribs of each group are 6-10 flat steel bars; one end of the ribs is connected to the steel tray, and the other end of the ribs is connected to the vertical bar 2. The first and second circular fixators, that is, the two steel trays, connect the ribs to the vertical bars and movably fix them through the pin shaft 3-1 and the pin shaft bracket (U-shaped fixed bracket) 3-2.

(28) The two circular fixators in the first bracket (i.e., the assembly) 11 and the second bracket (i.e., the assembly) 11-1 respectively stretch out the ribs to movably fix the two positions of each vertical bar 2; the steel tray can slide on the axial rod 4. The vertical bar 2 is retracted when the steel tray slides so that the ribs are in the vertical direction. The vertical bar 2 is stretched (released) when the steel tray slides so that the ribs are in the transverse stretching direction. The chassis 12 is fixed at the end of the axial rod 4 to facilitate the placement of the device into the drill hole, and the axial rod 4 is sleeved with a drive spring 4-1. The rib 3 can be a flat rod; the pin shaft 3-1 and pin shaft bracket (U-shaped fixed bracket) 3-2 are mounted on the steel tray 13 and vertical bar 2; the steel tray 13 is provided with the notch 3-3 and the socket 8-1 matching with the annular hoop steel ring.

(29) The structure of the annular hoop 6 (spiral and suitably elastic, which can be restrained and released; the diameter during restraining is half of that during releasing, or the diameter during releasing can be 10-35 cm larger than that during tightening and restraining) can be used again. The end of the hoop is fitted with the steel ring 6-1, which is the component of the release mechanism of the annular hoop 6; the annular hoop steel ring 6-1 matches with the socket 8-1 matching with the annular hoop steel ring on the steel tray 13; a latch is inserted into the steel ring 6-1 and the socket 8-1 to restrain the annular hoop to be in a state of tightening; pull the latch out to release the elastic annular hoop. Typical application parameters: the diameter is 200 mm in the tightening structure state and 400 mm in the release structure state. Other specifications of variable-diameter reinforcing cages have only to match with various drill hole diameters and application requirements.

(30) The application process in FIG. 10: positioning.fwdarw.cement slurry preparation.fwdarw.a rotary jet pile driver performs drilling to the design depth (hole drilling a).fwdarw.high pressure rotary jet construction or mechanical reaming construction (reaming b).fwdarw.run an anchor head c.fwdarw.open the expansion mechanism in the anchor head d, e.fwdarw.open the reinforcing cage to the design size (a large pile hole can reach more than 1 meter or nearly 2 meters; the reinforcing cage and axial threaded steel bars use the three-piece nut anchoring mode or a flange nut anchoring structure or other traditional anchoring modes).fwdarw.high pressure grouting or concreting f.

(31) The construction and application process of the variable-diameter reinforcing cage: a. After special processing (quenching etc.), spring steel bars or ordinary steel bars become elastic steel bars; after processing and tightening, elastic steel bars become small diameter hoops; or the spring sleeved on the axial rod, and the stress of the spring is enough to drive the circular fixator to open the rib. b. Finished reinforcing cage product: the reinforcing cage hoop diameter ≤200 mm; after placement in the expansion section of the anchor rod, the restraint mechanism in the reinforcing cage is opened, and the diameter of the hoop is up to 400 mm; c. The vertical bars are unfolded and cling to the hoops under the action of the mechanism until they can be unfolded; high pressure grouting or concreting to form a pile; d. A chassis, that is, an anchor backing plate, is used at the bottom of the expansion section to mechanically connect the rod body with the expanded head. The anchor backing plate, that is, the chassis 12 can also be replaced by the guide cap 14 etc.; when the guide cap is used instead, the bottom movable chassis anchor plate is a bearing anchor backing plate.

(32) The applications of this invention include anti-floating piles, tensile piles (anchor rods), slope protection piles (anchor rods), pressure-resistant bearing engineering piles, as well as pile foundations or anchor rods for geological disaster control.

(33) The prevent invention has advantages such as energy saving and environmental protection, work efficiency improvement, reduction of cost and construction period, a wide range of engineering applications, high safety and reliability, easy quality monitoring, inspection and review, and easy detection of the shape and location of metals by means of X-ray etc.

(34) The above is only an embodiment of this invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.