METHOD AND DEVICE FOR WIRELESS CHARGING AN ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE

Abstract

A method for wireless charging an energy storage device; it includes transmitting electrical energy from a power source to a frequency adjustable current converter, generating a high frequency AC current by the frequency adjustable current converter, setting by the frequency adjustable current converter, receiving by the power transmission apparatus the high frequency AC current having the frequency, generating the high frequency AC current the resonant coil of the power transmission apparatus, coupling a power transmission apparatus magnetic-resonance to a power reception apparatus magnetic-resonance, generating a generated high frequency electrical current in a resonant coil of a power reception apparatus using the coupling; and converting the generated high frequency AC current to an electrical current required to provide operation of the energy storage device by a current converter connected to the energy storage device.

Claims

1. A method for wireless charging an energy storage device, comprising: transmitting electrical energy from a power source to a frequency adjustable current converter, generating a high frequency AC current by the frequency adjustable current converter, setting by the frequency adjustable current converter, a frequency of the high frequency AC current to about a quarter-wavelength resonance of a resonant coil of a power transmission apparatus, the power transmission apparatus being connected to the frequency adjustable current converter, the resonant coil of the power transmission apparatus being an about quarter-wavelength line formed of a pair of insulated wires coiled into a double-wire spiral, receiving by the power transmission apparatus the high frequency AC current having the frequency, generating the high frequency AC current the resonant coil of the power transmission apparatus, coupling a power transmission apparatus magnetic-resonance to a power reception apparatus magnetic-resonance, generating a generated high frequency electrical current in a resonant coil of a power reception apparatus using the coupling; and converting the generated high frequency AC current to an electrical current required to provide operation of the energy storage device by a current converter connected to the energy storage device.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the resonant coil of the power reception apparatus is formed of a pair of insulated wires coiled into a double-wire spiral; a natural resonance frequency of the double-wire spiral coil of the power reception apparatus is about equal to a resonant frequency of the double-wire spiral coil of the power transmission apparatus.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein peripheral leads of the double-wire spiral coil of the power transmission apparatus are short-circuited, and the electrical energy from the frequency-adjustable current converter is supplied to the double-wire spiral coil of the power transmission apparatus by using a magnetic coupling coil covering the double-wire spiral coil of the power transmission apparatus.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the magnetic coupling coil is connected to the frequency-adjustable current converter via a capacitor, forming a oscillating circuit; a resonant frequency of the formed oscillating circuit is equal to the natural resonant frequency of the double-wire spiral coil of the power transmission apparatus.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the resonant coil the power reception apparatus is formed of a single wire coiled into a single-wire spiral, and the resonant coil of the power reception apparatus is connected to the current converter via a capacitor, forming an oscillating circuit; wherein a resonant frequency of the formed oscillating circuit is equal to a resonant frequency of the double-wire spiral coil of the power transmission apparatus.

6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the magnetic coupling coil is formed by two circular half-coils located along a periphery at opposite ends of the double-wire spiral coil of the power transmission apparatus; wherein the formed circular half-coils are electrically interconnected in series.

7. A system for wireless charging an energy storage device, comprising: a power source, a power transmission apparatus connected to the power source, a power reception apparatus coupled to the power transmission apparatus by magnetic-resonance, the power transmission apparatus being connected to the power source via a frequency adjustable current converter intended to convert an electrical current from the power source to a high frequency AC current in a resonant coil of the power transmission apparatus for generating a high frequency electrical current in a resonant coil of the power reception apparatus, a current converter connected to the energy storage device and the current converter being configured to convert the generated high frequency electrical current to an electrical current required to provide operation of the energy storage device, wherein the frequency adjustable current converter is set for a frequency of about a quarter-wavelength resonance of the resonant coil of the power transmission apparatus, wherein the resonant coil of the power transmission apparatus is formed of a pair of insulated wires coiled into a double-wire spiral.

8. The system according to claim 7, wherein the resonant coil of the power reception apparatus is formed of a pair of insulated wires coiled into a double-wire spiral; a natural resonance frequency of the double-wire spiral coil of the power reception apparatus is about equal to a resonance frequency of the double-wire spiral coil of the power transmission apparatus.

9. The system according to claim 7, wherein peripheral leads of the double-wire spiral coil of the power transmission apparatus are short-circuited, and the electrical energy from the frequency-adjustable current converter is supplied to the double-wire spiral coil of the power transmission apparatus by using a magnetic coupling coil proximate the double-wire spiral coil of the power transmission apparatus.

10. The system according to claim 9, wherein the magnetic coupling coil is connected to the frequency-adjustable current converter via a capacitor forming an oscillating circuit; a resonant frequency of the formed oscillating circuit is about equal to a natural resonant frequency of the double-wire spiral coil of the power transmission apparatus.

11. The system according to claim 7, wherein the resonant coil of the power reception apparatus is formed of a single wire coiled into a single-wire spiral, and the resonant coil of the power reception apparatus is connected to the current converter via a capacitor forming an oscillating circuit, wherein a resonant frequency of the oscillating circuit is about equal to a resonant frequency of the double-wire spiral coil of the power transmission apparatus.

12. The system according to claim 9, wherein the magnetic coupling coil is formed of two circular half-coils located along a periphery at opposite ends of the double-wire spiral coil of the power transmission apparatus, wherein the formed half-coils are electrically interconnected in series.

13. The system according to claim 10, wherein the magnetic coupling coil is formed of two circular half-coils located along a periphery at opposite ends of the double-wire spiral coil of the power transmission apparatus, wherein the formed half-coils are electrically interconnected in series.

14. A system for wireless charging an energy storage device, comprising: a power source, a power transmission apparatus connected to the power source, a power reception apparatus coupled to the power transmission apparatus by magnetic-resonance, the power transmission apparatus being connected to the power source via a frequency adjustable current converter intended to convert an electrical current from the power source to a high frequency AC current in a resonant coil of the power transmission apparatus for generating a high frequency electrical current in a resonant coil of the power reception apparatus, a current converter connected to the energy storage device and the current converter being configured to convert the generated high frequency electrical current to an electrical current required to provide operation of the energy storage device, wherein the frequency adjustable current converter is set for a frequency of about a quarter-wavelength resonance of the resonant coil of the power transmission apparatus, wherein the resonant coil of the power transmission apparatus is an open-ended line formed of a pair of insulated wires coiled into a double-wire spiral.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The essence of the provided methods and systems is illustrated in FIG. 1-6.

[0026] FIG. 1 shows an electrical diagram illustrating a method and a device for wireless charging an energy storage device of a stationary or mobile energy-consuming device, including: transmitting electrical energy from a power source to a power reception apparatus of the energy-consuming device, wherein a magnetic resonance coil in a power transmission apparatus is formed of a pair of wires coiled from a center to a periphery into a flat spiral; in order to excite current and potential standing waves in the coil, central leads of the double-wire spiral coil are insulated from each other, and periphery leads of the double-wire spiral coil are connected to the frequency converter.

[0027] FIG. 2 shows an electrical diagram illustrating a method and a device for wireless charging an energy storage device of a stationary or mobile energy-consuming device, including: transmitting electrical energy from a power source to a power reception apparatus of the energy-consuming device, wherein a magnetic resonance coil in the power reception apparatus is formed of a pair of wires coiled from a center to a periphery into a flat spiral; in order to convert a high frequency current into a current required to provide operation of an energy storage device, central leads of the double-wire spiral coil are insulated from each other, and periphery leads of the coil are connected to the frequency converter.

[0028] FIG. 3 shows an electrical diagram illustrating a method and a device for wireless charging an energy storage device of a stationary or mobile energy-consuming device, including: transmitting electrical energy from a power source to a power reception apparatus of the energy-consuming device, wherein peripheral leads of the double-wire flat spiral coil in a power transmission apparatus are short-circuited, and an energy is transmitted from a converter output to the double-wire flat spiral coil of the power transmission apparatus by using a magnetic coupling coil covering the double-wire spiral coil of the power transmission apparatus at the periphery in the coil plane.

[0029] FIG. 4 shows an electrical diagram illustrating a method and a device for wireless charging an energy storage device of a stationary or mobile energy-consuming device, including: transmitting electrical energy from a power source to a power reception apparatus of the energy-consuming device, wherein a magnetic coupling coil of the double-wire flat spiral coil in a power transmission apparatus is connected to a current converter output by means of a capacitance, the capacitance in combination with the coupling coil forming a serial oscillating circuit.

[0030] FIG. 5 shows an electrical diagram illustrating a method and a device for wireless charging an energy storage device of a stationary or mobile energy-consuming device, including: transmitting an electrical energy from a power source to a power reception apparatus of the energy-consuming device, wherein a single-wire flat spiral coil of a power reception apparatus is connected to a converter for converting a high-frequency current into a current needed to provide operation of an energy storage device in the power reception apparatus via a capacitor that forms a serial oscillating circuit with single-wire flat spiral coil of the power reception apparatus.

[0031] FIG. 6 shows an electrical diagram illustrating a method and a device for wireless charging an energy storage device of a stationary or mobile energy-consuming device, including: transmitting electrical energy from a power source to a power reception apparatus of the energy-consuming device, wherein a magnetic coupling coil for transmitting power from a current converter output to a double-wire flat spiral coil of a power transmission apparatus is formed of two circular half-coils located along a periphery at opposite ends of the double-wire flat spiral coil.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] A device comprises a power source 1, wherein a 380V/3p/50 Hz to HF (1.0-30.0 kHz) single-phase current converter 2 is connected to terminals of the power source 1. An output current frequency of the converter 2 can be adjusted by an operator or automatically. Output terminals of the frequency converter 2 are connected to peripheral leads of a double-wire flat spiral coil 3. The double-wire flat spiral coil 3 has central leads insulated from each other and from other conductive parts and components of the power transmission apparatus 4. The double-wire flat spiral coil 3 as described above is formed as a long open-ended line coiled into a flat spiral, the line being powered from the frequency-adjustable frequency converter 2. If the frequency converter 2 is set for a frequency of a quarter-wavelength resonance of the coil 3, current and potential standing waves are excited along the long line 3 coiled into the double-wire spiral, wherein the excited standing waves have a potential antinode in a center between insulated leads and a current antinode at the peripheral leads connected to the output terminals of the frequency converter 2. A current node is formed at the open and insulated leads of the long line 3, and a potential is excited at the input peripheral leads of the long line 3. When current and potential nodes and antinodes are arranged in the double-wire spiral coil 3 in the above manner, a magnetic field in the double-wire spiral coil 3 does not decrease toward to the coil periphery due to the current antinode located at the periphery of the coil 3, thereby allowing the electromagnetic field at the periphery to effectively take part in energy transmission for a receiving electromagnetic unit 6 of a power reception apparatus 5. An energy excited in the single-wire spiral coil 6 is converted, via a converter 7, from high frequency current energy into energy with a current required to provide normal operation of an energy storage device 8 in the power reception apparatus 5. The single-wire flat spiral coil 6 functions as a normal non-resonant coil placed in an electromagnetic alternating field of the double-wire quarter-wavelength spiral coil 3 of the power transmission apparatus 4.

[0033] When leads in a central part of a spiral are insulated from each other, a double-wire flat spiral coil 6 in a power reception apparatus 5 of FIG. 2 starts operating similar to the double-wire spiral coil 3 in the power transmission apparatus 4, in particular as an open-ended long line formed of a pair of wires coiled into a spiral. A potential antinode is excited at a central part of the coil 6, and a current antinode is excited at a periphery of the coil 6. Therefore, an induction antinode of a magnetic flux of the coil 6 is excited at the periphery of the coil 6, thereby allowing a higher uniformity of an energy flux density over an area of the double-wire spiral coil 3.

[0034] When peripheral leads in a double-wire flat spiral coil 3 of the power transmission apparatus 4 as shown in FIG. 3 are connected to each other, it allows the double-wire spiral coil 3 to be galvanically isolated from an industrial AC mains, thereby significantly reducing a safety hazard of a charger for an operating personnel maintaining energy storage devices and for those using a charging station and a wireless charger of stationary and mobile energy-consuming devices.

[0035] As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, when capacitors 10 and 11 are connected to the transmitting and discharging circuits of the power transmission apparatus 4 and power reception apparatus 5, it creates conditions required to have a resonance occurred in series circuits supplying energy into a supply coupling coil 9 in the power transmission apparatus 4 and an energy discharging provided from the receiving single-layer spiral coil 6 in the power reception apparatus 5.

[0036] Splitting the supply coil 9 in the power transmission apparatus 4 increases the process reliability of the energy supplying to the transmitting double-wire coil 3 (see FIG. 6) due to energy supplying in a two-way manner to the coil 3, thereby facilitating thermal conditions for the coils 6 and simplifying cooling conditions of an energy supply unit supplying energy to the charger.

[0037] Examples of a method and a device for wireless charging an energy storage device of a stationary or mobile energy-consuming device are below.

Example 1

[0038] The transmitting coil 3 is formed of a double copper wire having a cross-section area of 0.75 mm.sup.2, 90 turns. Conductors of the coil are both located in the same plane, thereby forming a double-wire Archimedean spiral. An inner diameter of the spiral coil is 100 mm, and an outer diameter is 480 mm. An inductance of each spiral is 5.1 mH. The double-wire spiral coil is a quarter-wavelength open-end long line coiled into a flat spiral. Line ends are insulated from each other. A capacitance between spiral wires is 30.5 nF. A resistance of conductors in the double-wire spiral coil is 2.3Ω and 2.4Ω. A resonant frequency is f.sub.0=64-60 kHz. The coil 6 of the power reception apparatus 5 is formed as a single-wire flat spiral coil having an inner diameter of 100 mm. An inductance of the coil is 0.3 mH. Electrical energy with a power of 100 W and maximum dissipation of 7% is supplied to a distance of 0.5 m in a vertical direction between coils of the power transmission apparatus 3 and the power reception apparatus 6 when moving in two mutually transversal directions in a horizontal plane (±0.3 m from the center).

Example 2

[0039] Under the conditions of energy transmission according to Example 1, energy is supplied to the coil 3 by means of the supply coil 9. The supply coil 9 is formed of a copper wire having a cross section area of 2.5 mm.sup.2, 3 turns. An inductance of the coil 9 is 18.5 μH. The coil 9 is connected to the output of the frequency converter 2 via the series electrical capacitor 10. A capacitance of the capacitor 10 is 180 nF. The leads of the coil 3 are short-circuited. Peripheral measurements of transmitted power dissipation under the same test conditions according to Example 1 have exhibited similar results for dissipation at a deviation of the receiving coil from a center by ±0.3 m, i.e. no more than 7%.

[0040] Under the conditions of energy transmission according to Example 1 and Example 2, energy with a power of 100 W is transmitted to a distance of 1.0 m. A maximum dissipation is 10%.

[0041] Thus, energy transmission tests for distances of 0.5 m and 1.0 m have proved that the irregularity of an electromagnetic field intensity for low-power gadgets, such as mobile phones, laptops, tablet, PCs, and etc. at an area of about 0.3 m.sup.2 is no more than 10%. In this case, an average electromagnetic energy flux intensity is about 0.3 kW/m.sup.2.

Example 3

[0042] The transmitting supply coil 3 is formed of a double copper multi-conductor wire PVMTg-40 with a cross section area of 0.25 mm.sup.2, and an insulation strength is 40 kV DC, and an outer diameter in the insulation is 4.2 mm. The coil is formed as a flat rectangular spiral with outer dimensions of 2.5 m×1.0 m. A number of double turns is 150. Inner leads of the coil are insulated from each other. Outer leads are connected to the supply frequency converter. A supply current frequency is 11 kHz. An inductance of each path of the double-wire coil is 6.2 mH. A DC resistance of each path is 11Ω. A coil of the power reception apparatus is formed of a copper multi-core wire with a cross section area of 16 mm.sup.2. The power reception apparatus coil has dimensions of 1.4 m×0.5 m. A number of turns is 25. An inductance is 1.2 mH. A DC resistance is 0.16Ω. A distance between coils of the power transmission apparatus and power reception apparatus is 0.3 m, and the transmitted power is 2.0 kW.

[0043] A maximum power irregularity in case of deviation from a central position in any of the four sides by 0.5 m is 10%. An average electromagnetic energy flux intensity is about 3.0 kW/m.sup.2.

[0044] Thus, the electrical energy flux irregularity tests for transmission to a distance of 0.3 m at power of 2.0 kW by displacing the power reception apparatus coil by ±0.5 m (half width of the transmitting coil) has proved that power deviations do not exceed 10%.

[0045] The device according to Example 3 can be used for charging batteries of mobile gadgets such as cars, electric carts or quadcopters, without any strict requirements for mutual positioning of the charger and the serviced unit or gadget; several gadgets can be serviced simultaneously in parallel. The present invention allows energy storage devices of a stationary or mobile energy-consuming device to be wirelessly charged, i.e. it allows charging and recharging of energy storage devices in vehicles during movement or at special wireless charging stations when a mobile energy-consuming device is at a road crossing with traffic lights, etc., and charging and recharging energy storage devices in mobile phones, laptops, tablet PCs in large rooms, and charging and recharging energy storage devices in quadcopters, automated logistical systems of cargo movement at large warehouses and bases and storage devices under operating conditions of automated systems where presence of people is undesirable (warehouses with very low operating temperatures, warehouses with a special composition of an ambient environment, etc.).