Device for guiding a dental surgical hollow milling machine and a method for producing such a device

Abstract

A device for guiding a dental-surgical hollow bur during a bone extraction, having a template that can be fixed in the region of a extraction point and having at least one guiding means arranged on the template, wherein the guiding means guides the hollow bur such that only a portion of the distal edge of the hollow bur can be brought into contact with the bone. Furthermore, a method for producing such a device is specified.

Claims

1. An apparatus for bone extraction, comprising: a dental-surgical hollow bur configured to extract bone in the shape of a circular segment; and a device that guides the dental-surgical hollow bur during a bone extraction, the device having a template that is fixable in a region of an extraction point and having at least one guiding sheath arranged on the template, wherein the guiding sheath is, at least in part, spaced laterally outward from an opening in the template through which the hollow bur can be brought into contact with the bone to be extracted, wherein the guiding sheath is sized and configured to receive the hollow bur and guide the hollow bur such that only a portion of a distal edge of the hollow bur can be brought through the opening in the template into contact with the bone, and wherein, during a bone extraction, the hollow bur is guided laterally along the bone so that a piece of the bone in the shape of a circular segment is extracted.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the template is fixable in the upper jaw or in the lower jaw in a form-fit and/or force-fit manner.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the guiding sheath surrounds the hollow bur such that tissue surrounding the extraction point does not come into contact with the hollow bur.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the template further comprises a receptacle for receiving a corresponding guiding element of the hollow bur.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the template further comprises a depth stopper for the hollow bur so that the distal edge of the hollow bur can be brought into contact with the bone only over a defined length.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the guiding sheath is detachably connected to the template.

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the guiding sheath is a single piece with the template or is an integral part of the template.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the guiding sheath has a coupling element that detachably fixes the guiding sheath on the template.

9. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the template has a coupling element that detachably fixes the guiding sheath to the template.

10. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an inner diameter of the guiding sheath is dimensioned such that the hollow bur does not come into contact with the guiding sheath.

11. An apparatus for bone extraction, comprising: a dental-surgical hollow bur configured to extract bone in the shape of a circular segment; and a device that guides the dental-surgical hollow bur during a bone extraction, the device having a template that is fixable in a region of an extraction point and having at least one guiding receptacle arranged on the template, wherein the receptacle is positioned with respect to an opening in the template through which the hollow bur can be brought into contact with the bone to be extracted, wherein the receptacle is sized and configured to receive a corresponding guiding pin of the hollow bur and guide the hollow bur such that only a portion of a distal edge of the hollow bur can be brought through the opening in the template into contact with the bone, and wherein, during a bone extraction, the hollow bur is guided laterally along the bone so that a piece of the bone in the shape of a circular segment is extracted.

12. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the template is fixable in the upper jaw or in the lower jaw in a form-fit and/or force-fit manner.

13. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the guiding pin extends axially from within a head of the hollow bur.

14. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein receptacle is a circular cylinder or tube.

15. The apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising a guiding sheath that is, at least in part, spaced laterally outward from the opening in the template, wherein the guiding sheath is sized and configured to receive the hollow bur and further guide the hollow bur such that only a portion of the distal edge of the hollow bur can be brought into contact with the bone.

16. The apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the guiding sheath surrounds the hollow bur such that tissue surrounding the extraction point does not come into contact with the hollow bur.

17. The apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the guiding sheath is a single piece with the template or is an integral part of the template.

18. The apparatus according to claim 15, wherein an inner diameter of the guiding sheath is dimensioned such that the hollow bur does not come into contact with the guiding sheath.

19. The apparatus according to claim 15, further comprising a coupling element that detachably fixes the guiding sheath on the template.

20. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the template further comprises a depth stopper for the hollow bur so that the distal edge of the hollow bur can be brought into contact with the bone only over a defined length.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) There are various options for advantageously designing and developing the teaching of the present disclosure. To this end, reference is made, on the one hand, to the claims subordinate to claim 1 and, on the other, to the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure based upon the drawing, based upon which the method according to the present disclosure is also described. Generally preferred designs and developments of the teaching are also explained in conjunction with the explanation of the preferred exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the drawing. In the drawings:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a schematic, perspectival view of a first exemplary embodiment of a device according to the present disclosure,

(3) FIG. 2 shows another schematic, perspectival view of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1,

(4) FIG. 3 shows a schematic, perspectival view of another exemplary embodiment of a device according to the present disclosure,

(5) FIG. 4 shows another schematic, perspectival view of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3,

(6) FIG. 5 shows a schematic, perspectival view of another exemplary embodiment of a device according to the present disclosure,

(7) FIG. 6 shows another schematic, perspectival view of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5,

(8) FIG. 7 shows a schematic, perspectival view of another exemplary embodiment of a device according to the present disclosure,

(9) FIG. 8 shows an enlarged partial section of FIG. 7,

(10) FIG. 9 shows a schematic, perspectival view of another exemplary embodiment of a device according to the present disclosure,

(11) FIG. 10 shows another schematic, perspectival view of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 9,

(12) FIG. 11 shows another schematic, perspectival view of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 9,

(13) FIG. 12 shows a schematic, perspectival exploded view of another exemplary embodiment of a device according to the present disclosure,

(14) FIG. 13 shows another schematic, perspectival view of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 12,

(15) FIG. 14 shows another schematic, perspectival view of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 12,

(16) FIG. 15 shows a schematic, perspectival view of another exemplary embodiment of a device according to the present disclosure,

(17) FIG. 16 shows another schematic, perspectival view of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 15,

(18) FIG. 17 shows another schematic, perspectival view of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 15,

(19) FIG. 18 shows a schematic, perspectival view of another exemplary embodiment of a device according to the present disclosure,

(20) FIG. 19 shows another schematic, perspectival view of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 18, and

(21) FIG. 20 shows another schematic, perspectival view of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 18.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(22) FIGS. 1 and 2 show a first exemplary embodiment of a device according to the present disclosure. The device has a template 1, on which a guiding means 2 for a hollow bur 3 is formed. FIG. 2 schematically shows a jaw bone 4, on top of or on which the template 1 is arranged. It is pointed out that the template 1 does not necessarily have to abut the jaw bone 4, but can alternatively or additionally abut the existing teeth, the gums, etc. In this case, it can be clearly seen that the guiding means 2 is provided on the template 1 such that only a portion of the distal edge 5 of the hollow bur 3 can, in a defined position, be brought into contact with the bone 4 at the extraction point 6. Specifically, the guiding means 2 is designed such that the hollow bur 3 is guided laterally along the jaw bone 4.

(23) The guiding means 2 is designed as guiding sheath 7, wherein the guiding sheath 7 is not completely closed. In addition to guiding the hollow bur 3, the guiding sheath 7 additionally serves to protect the surrounding tissue and can also be designed to be closed, wherein an opening 8 must be provided, through which the hollow bur 3 can be brought into contact with the bone 4. The inner diameter of the guiding sheath 7 is preferably, moreover, to be dimensioned such that the rotary hollow bur 3 does not come into contact with the guiding sheath 7.

(24) The guiding means 2, moreover, comprises a cylindrical receptacle 9, which is realized as a circular cylinder or tube and serves to introduce a guiding element 11, or guiding pin, extending within the head 10 of the hollow bur 3. The receptacle 9 thus acts as a compulsory guide for the hollow bur 3. At this point, it is pointed out that the guiding means 2 does not necessarily have to have the guiding sheath 7, but can be realized by the receptacle 9 alone.

(25) The guiding means 2 may also be designed detachably with the template 1. Moreover, a depth stopper 12 is formed, which serves as a depth stop so that the hollow bur 3 can be introduced into the jaw bone 4 only over a defined length.

(26) FIGS. 3 and 4 show another exemplary embodiment of a device according to the present disclosure. In this case, the guiding means 2 is designed as guiding sheath 7 closed in the direction of the surrounding tissue, wherein the guiding sheath 7 is open laterally in the direction of the extraction point 6. A portion of the distal edge 5 can thus process the bone 4. In the exemplary embodiment shown here, the guiding sheath 7 is designed as a single piece with the base element 1. The guiding sheath 7 may, however, have coupling elements, via which it can be connected detachably to the base element 1.

(27) The hollow bur 3 is rotatably coupled to a protective device 13 and can be introduced into the guiding sheath 7 together with the protective device 13. The protective device 13 has a lateral opening and serves as spacer element 14, so that the head 10 does not come into contact with the guiding sheath 7 or the template 1. Contrary to the illustration, the guiding sheath 7 does not necessarily have to be designed to be closed. It is sufficient if the guiding sheath 7 surrounds the protective device 13 only partially. Furthermore, the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4 corresponds to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, so that reference is made to the explanations above in order to avoid repetition.

(28) FIGS. 5 and 6 show another exemplary embodiment of a device according to the present disclosure. In this case, the guiding means 2 of the template 1 is realized by two rails 15 or female parts. The hollow bur 3 is rotatably coupled to a protective device 13, wherein guiding elements 11 are formed on the protective device 13 as rails 16 or male parts, which correspond to the rails 15 of the template 1. The hollow bur 3 is thus guided via the rails 15, 16. The protective device 13 otherwise corresponds to the protective device 13 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

(29) The exemplary embodiment of the device according to the present disclosure shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 corresponds to the device shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, such that reference is made to the figure description of FIGS. 3 and 4 in order to avoid repetition. The hollow bur 3 is rotatably connected to a spacer element 14. The outer diameter of the spacer element 14 approximately corresponds to the inner diameter of the guiding sheath 7. The spacer element 14 prevents the head 10 from coming into contact with the guiding sheath 7. The spacer element 14 has a bottom element 17, on which several fixing elements 18 are formed. The fixing elements 18 engage in a groove 19 of the head 10. The spacer element 14 thus surrounds the head 10 in sections and is rotatably coupled to it. The guiding sheath 7 ideally protects the surrounding tissue against injuries caused by the hollow bur 3. In this case, the fixing elements 18 may, where appropriate, protrude further in the direction of the distal edge 5 of the hollow bur 3, wherein at least one fixing element 18—preferably, 3 fixing elements 18—are formed. It is essential that the fixing elements 18 extend far enough over the head 10 that the hollow bur 3 is securely guided within the guiding sheath 7.

(30) In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 9 through 11, the guiding means 2 has a receptacle 9 for the guiding element 11 of the head 10 and is connected to the template 1. The template 1 can be arranged in a form-fit or force-fit manner on the teeth of the lower jaw 20 shown. As a result of the design of the guiding means 2, the hollow bur 3 is guided along the bone 4 so that a bone segment can be extracted. In this respect, it is conceivable that the guiding means 2 be designed detachably or non-detachably with the template 1. Furthermore, reference is made to the previous figure description, which analogously applies to the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 9 through 11.

(31) The exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 12 through 14 corresponds to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 9 through 11, wherein the guiding means 2 is additionally designed as guiding sheath 7 along with the receptacle 9. In this case, the guiding sheath 7 has an angular geometry and serves, in particular, to protect the surrounding tissue. It is furthermore pointed out that the guiding sheath 7 can be designed to be closed at its bottom 21. It is, in particular, conceivable that the guiding means 2 be designed detachably or non-detachably with the template 1.

(32) The exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 15 through 17 substantially corresponds to the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4. The exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 18 through 20 furthermore substantially corresponds to the device shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. In order to avoid repetition, reference is made at this point to the figure description above, wherein the guiding means 2 can respectively be designed detachably or non-detachably with the template 1.

(33) The templates 1 shown in FIGS. 1 through 20 can be produced by the method according to the present disclosure. In doing so, a three-dimensional imaging process is carried out first in order to obtain three-dimensional data of the jaw bone 4 or of the extraction point 6 and, where applicable, of the bone deficit 22. Using the three-dimensional data, a three-dimensional computer model of the jaw bone 4 is created. Based upon the computer model, the extraction point 6 can be determined, viz., taking into account the patient-specific anatomy. Based upon the computer model, it is thus determined how the patient-specific template 1 must be designed for the procedure—in particular, where or at which angle the guiding means 2 must be formed on the template 1 and how they must be dimensioned. In the process, the design of the or several guiding means 2 and/or can, where appropriate, also. Based upon the three-dimensional computer model, a patient-specific device can thus be produced. This can, for example, be done in the rapid prototyping process.

(34) Finally, it is expressly pointed out that the above-described exemplary embodiments of the device according to the present disclosure and the method according to the present disclosure serve only to explain the claimed teaching, but do not restrict it to the exemplary embodiments.

LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS

(35) 1 Template 2 Guiding means 3 Hollow bur 4 Jaw bone 5 Distal edge 6 Extraction point 7 Guiding sheath 8 Opening 9 Receptacle 10 Head 11 Guiding element 12 Depth stopper 13 Protective device 14 Spacer element 15 Rails (guiding means) 16 Rails (protective device) 17 Bottom element 18 Fixing elements 19 Groove 20 Lower jaw 21 Bottom 22 Bone deficit