Direct drive for rollers, rolls and winches in the steel / non-ferrous industries

Abstract

Device for handling a strip-shaped metal material in metal working, wherein the device comprises: at least one roller element, preferably a roller, a roll or a winch, which is provided for changing the cross-section, for transporting, storing, tension build-up and/or tension release in the strip-shaped metal material, and a drive, which has an electric motor, preferably a torque motor or a synchronous motor, with a stator and a rotor, wherein the device further has a frame, the rotor is connected to the roller element, by which the rotation of the rotor is transmitted to the roller element, and the stator is mounted directly on the frame and/or the rotor is connected directly to the roller element or a shaft of the roller element.

Claims

1.-14. (canceled)

15. A device for handling a strip-shaped metal material in metal working, comprising: at least one roller element which is provided for one or more of changing a cross-section of the strip-shaped metal material, transporting the strip-shaped metal material, storing the strip-shaped metal material, building up tension in the strip-shaped metal material and releasing tension in the strip-shaped metal material; a drive, the drive having an electric motor with a stator and a rotor; and a frame, wherein the rotor is connected to the roller element such that a rotation of the rotor is transmitted to the roller element, wherein the stator is mounted directly on the frame and/or the rotor is connected directly to the roller element or to a shaft of the roller element, and wherein the drive has a modular structure and can be combined with additional modules, including at least one module selected from the group consisting of a brake module, a holding module, a gear module, a power increase module, and a cooling module.

16. The device according to claim 15, wherein the roller element is a roller, a roll or a winch.

17. The device according to claim 15, wherein the electric motor is a torque motor or a synchronous motor.

18. The device according to claim 15, wherein the electric motor is an inrunner, and wherein the rotor and the roller element or the rotor and a shaft of the roller element are formed in one piece.

19. The device according to claim 15, wherein the electric motor is an outrunner, and wherein a shell section of the roller element is connected to the rotor.

20. The device according to claim 19, wherein the shell section of the roller element and the rotor are connected directly to each other or are formed in one piece.

21. The device according to claim 15, wherein the frame supports the roller element on one side, while the frame has no second bearing for the roller element, but the roller element is supported on an opposite side via a rotor bearing of the drive, or the frame supports the roller element on two sides and a separate support of the rotor in the drive is omitted.

22. The device according to claim 15, wherein two drives are connected to the roller element on opposite sides of the frame, the two drives comprising the drive and a further drive.

23. The device according to claim 15, wherein the rotor of the drive is connected to the roller element without interposition of a torque gear.

24. The device according to claim 15, wherein the drive has at least one catching magnet, which is configured to capture magnetic particles and keep them away from the electric motor.

25. The device according to claim 15, wherein the drive has a coupling for the rotor.

26. The device according to claim 25, wherein the coupling is a curved-tooth coupling.

27. The device according to claim 15, wherein the device is part of a rolling mill and the roller element is a support roll or a work roll, or wherein the device is part of a metal strip processing line and the roller element is a transport roller, a tension roller, an acceleration roller or a roller for tension build-up or tension release of the metal material, or wherein the device is part of a strip accumulator with a winch assembly and the roller element is a cable winch.

28. The device according to claim 15, further comprising: an electric braking device, which is configured to brake the device from an operating state without friction into a holding state, in which the rotor is essentially stationary; a mechanical holding device, which is configured to mechanically lock the device in the holding state upon actuation of the mechanical holding device; and a control device, which is configured to control the electrical braking device and the mechanical holding device in such a manner that essentially all of the kinetic energy from the operating state is converted by the electrical braking device, while the mechanical holding device is operated only in the holding state of the device.

29. The device according to claim 28, wherein the drive has a supplying converter, which is configured to supply the electric motor of the drive with power in the operating state, and has a function for braking the device in a normal operating state, and wherein the electric braking device and/or the control device is configured to galvanically isolate the supplying converter from the electric motor in an extraordinary operating state comprising a disturbance of the supplying converter, and to brake the device into the holding state by short-circuiting windings of the electric motor either directly or via a braking resistor or a resistor/capacitor circuit, and/or by connecting an external DC voltage source.

30. The device according to claim 28, wherein the drive has a housing in which the mechanical holding device is integrated or to which the mechanical holding device is flanged.

31. The device according to claim 28, wherein the mechanical holding device is configured in such a manner that the locking in the holding state takes place in a positive-locking and/or force-fitting manner.

32. The device according to claim 31, wherein the actuation of the mechanical holding device takes place electrically, mechanically, hydraulically or pneumatically.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] FIG. 1 schematically shows the structure of a machine that has a direct drive with an electric motor, a work machine to be driven by the direct drive and a device for braking the machine.

[0036] FIGS. 2a and 2b schematically show devices with a roller/roll and a direct drive as an inrunner.

[0037] FIG. 3 schematically shows a device with a roller/roll and a direct drive as an outrunner.

[0038] FIG. 4 schematically shows a device with a roller/roll and a direct drive with a supported rotor.

[0039] FIG. 5 schematically shows a device with a roller/roll and a direct drive with an unsupported rotor and a cooling shell.

[0040] FIG. 6 schematically shows a device with a roller/roll and a direct drive with an unsupported rotor and a cooling module.

[0041] FIG. 7 schematically shows a device with a roller/roll and a direct drive as a variant with a replaceable roller body and an axial cooling device.

[0042] FIG. 8 schematically shows a winch assembly with cable winches and associated direct drives, wherein the direct drives are designed as inrunners.

[0043] FIG. 9 schematically shows a winch assembly with cable winches and associated direct drives, wherein the direct drives are designed as outrunners.

[0044] FIG. 10 schematically shows a cable winch and a direct drive connected to it, wherein the direct drive is designed as an inrunner.

[0045] FIG. 11 schematically shows a cable winch with direct drives mounted on both sides, wherein the direct drives are designed as inrunners.

[0046] FIG. 12 schematically shows a cable winch and an associated direct drive, wherein the direct drive is designed as an outrunner.

[0047] FIG. 13 schematically shows a cable winch with direct drives mounted on both sides, wherein the direct drives are designed as outrunners.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In the following, preferred exemplary embodiments are described on the basis of the figures. Therein, identical, similar or similarly acting elements are provided with identical reference signs, and a repeated description of such elements is sometimes omitted in order to avoid redundancies.

[0049] Before exemplary embodiments of devices with a direct-driven roller, roll or winch are presented, an exemplary drive suitable for direct drive is to initially be described, as it is equipped with a holding device that, by a combination of an electrical braking device and a mechanical holding device, is capable of reliably braking high torques despite its compact design.

[0050] FIG. 1 schematically shows the structure of a machine that has a drive 10 with an electric motor, a work machine 20 to be driven by the drive 10, which has a roller element, such as a roller, roll or winch, and a holding device 30 for braking the machine. The holding device 30 has an electrical braking device 40 and a mechanical holding device 50.

[0051] The work machine 20 to be driven by the drive 10 can be designed in many different manners, for example as one or more work and/or support rolls in a rolling mill, tension roll or transport roll, as a coiler, coating machine, flying shear, winch in a vertical or horizontal accumulator, etc.

[0052] The electric motor, preferably a synchronous motor or torque motor, of the drive 10 has a rotor 11 and a stator 12, which is preferably attached directly to a frame or housing of the work machine 20. The rotor 11 is connected to a shaft of the work machine 20, by which the rotation of rotor 11 is transmitted to the shaft and thus to moving parts of the work machine 20. In the case of a “direct” fixing or connection, or, synonymously, an “integral” fixing or connection within the meaning of the present application, the mechanical components concerned are in direct contact with each other. This may be achieved, for example, by screwing, riveting or welding, but a one-piece design is also included. The work machine 20 and the drive 10 are “interlocked” in this manner. On the one hand, the special integration achieves an extremely high torsional stiffness between the drive 10 and the shaft of the work machine 20.

[0053] The close integral connection between the drive 10 and the work machine 20 allows for a system construction that saves installation space. This is accompanied by simplifications in system construction, for example by saving on foundations, better accessibility to the system, a reduction in spare parts, a reduction in maintenance work, a downsizing of the hall. The motors are not endangered, or are less endangered, by bundles or other falling parts. A major advantage of the drive concept presented here becomes clear in the thermal design of the motors. Due to the intimate connection of the drive 10 to the work machine 20, the mass and surface of the mechanical device can be used for heat dissipation. Thus, the power of the electric motor can be increased without any structural measures. The power loss of the drive train is considerably reduced. In many cases, forced ventilation or water cooling can be omitted. The drive 10 can be designed as an inrunner or outrunner. The integral concept also offers improvements in terms of safety, since rotating external drive components such as cardan shafts, clutches, brake disks, etc. can be omitted. Components such as bearings, shafts, clutches, motor stands, gear stands, etc. are no longer required. A reduction in the number of moving parts also results in higher control accuracy, which in turn has a positive effect on the quality of the products to be manufactured.

[0054] The holding device 30 has a control device 31 that controls the electrical braking device 40, the mechanical holding device 50 and, if necessary, functions of the drive 10 and/or its supplying converter 13. In the following, control functions of the control unit 31 are described for various operating states, in particular the normal operating state and an extraordinary operating state:

[0055] For braking or stopping the work machine 20, the holding device 30 is provided; this has the electrical braking device 40 and the mechanical holding device 50. Thereby, the control via the control device 31 takes place in such a manner that the electrical braking device 40 takes over the braking of the work machine 20 in a frictionless manner until it comes to a standstill or almost to a standstill, while the mechanical holding device 50 locks or holds the work machine 20 after reaching the standstill position. This can be achieved by a positive-locking or force-fitting connection, for example by means of a brake disk running on the rotor 11 or the shaft of the work machine 20, which is pressed against the brake pads on both sides. The control can take place electrically, mechanically, hydraulically or pneumatically. A slight deceleration from an almost stationary state of the work machine 20 to an absolute standstill can be taken over by the mechanical holding device 50, as described above.

[0056] In the normal operating state, the drive 10 is braked on the controlled ramp (frequency, voltage) of a supplying converter 13. This supplying converter 13, which supplies the motor of the drive 10 with power, is an electronic device and can be part of the drive 10, part of the work machine 20 or an independent component. The electric motor of the drive 10 can be designed as a three-phase motor. In addition to the power supply, the converter 13 can include additional functions for motor control, such as speed measurement and/or procedures for adjusting the rotating field depending on the current state of the machine. In particular, the converter 13 includes a function for braking the work machine by adjusting the frequency and voltage until the work machine 20 comes to a standstill or almost to a standstill.

[0057] In the event of a fault of the converter 13, the braking of the drive 10 or work machine 20 is not possible in this manner. The electrical braking device 40 is configured in such a manner that, in this case, the converter 13 is galvanically isolated from the motor of the drive 10, while at the same time the motor windings are short-circuited via a braking resistor, a resistor/capacitor circuit or directly, or an external DC voltage source is connected. This ensures that the work machine 20 can be braked quickly in an emergency.

[0058] In particular, the structure of the electrical braking device 40 described above permits frictionless (that is, non-mechanical) braking of the work machine 20 not only in normal operation, but also in the event of a fault in the supplying converter 13. The entire kinetic energy of the work machine 20 and the drive 10 is dissipated or converted by the electrical braking device 40 in all operating states—for example, stop, quick stop, emergency stop, emergency shut-off. Now, in any case (even in an emergency), the mechanical holding device 50 only assumes the task of fixing the work machine 20 in the standstill position. By braking the work machine 20 in all operating states solely on the basis of the electrical braking device 40, the energy is not converted into heat by the mechanical holding device 50. No energy is converted into friction, and this applies not only to normal operation, but also in particular in the event of a fault in the supplying converter 13. The mechanical holding device 50 can therefore be designed to be particularly compact, as it does not need to convert kinetic energy even in an emergency. In addition, the mechanical holding device 50 does not have any wearing parts; at least, wear takes place only to a small extent. This also prevents abrasion elements from the mechanical holding device 50 from penetrating into the drive 10. Preferably, the mechanical holding device 50 is integrated in the housing of the drive 10 or directly flanged to it. The mechanical holding device 50 and the electrical braking device 40 can be parts or modules of a modular motor system for the drive 10.

[0059] The drive 10 described above functions as a direct drive, which means that the complexity of conventional drive trains (consisting, for example, of an electric motor, a motor coupling including a brake, a reduction gear and a machine coupling) can be significantly reduced. The drive 10, in particular the stator 12 of the drive 10, is preferably located directly on or in the work machine 20.

[0060] The drive 10 shown here can be structured in a modular manner. The electric motor as a base module is extended in this sense by the mechanical holding device 50 and the electrical braking device 40 as modules. The drive 10 can be extended by additional modules if required. Possible extension modules include, for example, a power increase module with drive means (rotor and stator) to increase the power of the base module and/or a cooling module that cools the drive and, if necessary, parts of the work machine by means of a blower or fluid cooling. In order to allow the modules to be combined with each other, they have technically compatible components, in particular housings that can be connected or flanged to each other. Such a modular design can increase the repeatability of identical parts (motor disks, stator disks, stator laminations, stator coils, etc.), thus reducing costs and increasing the reliability of the device.

[0061] FIGS. 2a and 2b schematically show devices with a drive 100 designed as an inrunner, which may be, for example, the drive 10 shown above, and a roller or roll (also referred to as “roller/roll”) 200 directly driven by the drive 100. The roller/roll 200 can be, for example, a tension roller or a work or support roll in a rolling mill. The roller/roll 200 can also be designed as a coater or coating roller, with which a layer, such as a layer of paint, varnish, stain, etc., can be applied to the material to be processed.

[0062] To connect the roller/roll 200 to the drive 100, FIG. 2a shows a variant with which the roller/roll 200 has a shaft 201, also known as a shaft journal, which in turn is directly connected to the rotor or armature 101 of the drive 100; for example, it is clamped in it. In this manner, the roller/roll 200 is directly or integrally connected to the rotor 101 of the drive 100. The rotor 101 and the shaft 201 are formed in one piece in accordance with a particularly preferred design variant.

[0063] In the systematics of FIGS. 2a to 13, the drive is designated with the reference sign 100, instead of the reference sign 10 of FIG. 1, to make it clear that the drive shown in FIG. 1 is an exemplary, albeit preferred drive. This distinction applies analogously to the components of the drive provided with reference signs, such as the rotor 11 in FIG. 1 and the rotor 101 in FIG. 2a and other exemplary embodiments.

[0064] The reference sign 202 designates the frame or stand of roller/roll 200, which has a bearing 203 for rotatably supporting the roller/roll 200 on one side. Due to the direct connection to the drive 100, a bearing on the drive side for the roller/roll 200 can be omitted if necessary, as shown in FIG. 2a. Instead, the housing 102 or the stator of the drive 100 is connected to the frame 202 via a cardanic suspension 204.

[0065] Thus, the device has a drive 100 for the rotary operation of the roller/roll 200, wherein, on the one hand, a high torsional stiffness between the drive 100 and the roller/roll 200 is ensured, and, on the other hand, one or more conventional components in the drive train, such as gears, couplings, cardan shafts, etc., can be omitted.

[0066] The exemplary embodiment in FIG. 2b shows a device similar to that in FIG. 2a, wherein the connection between the drive 100 and the roller/roll 200 is made by means of a flange 205. In this example, it is also clearly visible that a bearing on the motor side of the roller/roll 200 is omitted or taken over by the drive 100. The suspension 204 and the frame 202 are also used to support the end on the drive side of the roller/roll 200.

[0067] FIG. 3 schematically shows a device with a roller/roll 200 and a direct drive 100, the structure of which differs from the variants in FIGS. 2a and 2b essentially in that the drive 100 is designed as an outrunner. For this purpose, the stationary parts of the electric motor (that is, the stator 102′) are located inside the drive 100, while the rotor 101′ rotates around the stator 102′ on the outside. In such a case, the rotor 101′ can pass directly into the roller/roll 200, can be formed in one piece with it or can be rigidly connected to the roller/roll 200. For this purpose, the shell section of the roller/roll 200 is in contact with the rotor 101′. In this context, the “shell section” does not only include the outermost circumference of the cylindrical roller/roll 200, but also includes sections that lie radially outside the shaft 201 of the roller/roll 200, provided that they allow the roller/roll 200 to be connected to the outer rotor 101′. The shaft or shaft journal 201 is rotatably mounted in a bearing 103 integrated in the drive 100, which bearing is mounted in a bearing housing. In certain exemplary embodiments, with an external bearing of the rotor 101′ or the roller/roll 200, a shaft journal 201 and its bearing 103 may be omitted if required.

[0068] Moreover, in the example in FIG. 3, the stator 102′ is rigidly connected mechanically to the frame 202. In the illustration of FIG. 2, a brake 105 integrated in drive 100 is shown; this can be designed as a high-performance brake that can be actuated by compressed air, for example. The integrated brake 105 can also correspond to the mechanical holding device 50 from the version shown in FIG. 1, wherein the braking and holding of the device takes place in the combined electrical and mechanical manner described in this respect. It is also possible to use the embodiment of in FIG. 1 for the previous and following examples, without this being explicitly stated in each case. Furthermore, the device of the present exemplary embodiment in FIG. 3 is equipped with an encoder system 111 which, as a rotary encoder or a speed sensor, measures the angle and/or speed of rotation of the roller/roll 200.

[0069] Thus, the device in FIG. 3 has a drive 100 for the rotary operation of the roller/roll 200, wherein, on the one hand, a high torsional stiffness between the drive 100 and the roller/roll 200 is ensured, and, on the other hand, one or more conventional components in the drive train, such as gears, couplings, cardan shafts, etc., can be omitted.

[0070] FIG. 4 schematically shows a device with a roller/roll 200 and a direct drive 100 as an inrunner, with a rotor 101 supported by bearings 109. With this exemplary embodiment, the roller/roller 200 is supported on both sides of the stand 202 by means of bearings 203 and 203′. Due to the close integration, the second bearing 203′ can also be regarded as a component of the drive 100. The roller/roll 200 is directly connected to the drive 100 via the shaft journal 201. The stator 102 is directly bolted to the stand 202 via a bolting 106, which provides a torsionally stiff power transmission from the drive 100 to the roller/roll 200. The drive 100 also has a brake module 105, which is actuated, for example opened, via a pneumatic connection 107. The brake module 105 has a brake disk and brake shoes, which are shown in the figure without reference signs. For technical details of an exemplary high-performance brake, please refer once again to FIG. 1 and its description. In the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 4, the drive 100 also has a flexible coupling 108 with bearings 109, which allows the rotor 101 to be quickly separated from the shaft journal 201 of the roller/roll 200. To compensate for smaller misalignments between the roller/roll 200 and the drive 100, a curved-tooth coupling (not shown) can be provided in the shaft journal 201. Catching magnets 110 are used to keep magnetic particles, which can be generated by the operation of brake 105, away from the drive components. The drive 100 is also equipped with an encoder system 111, which measures the angle of rotation and/or the speed of rotation of the roller/roll 200 as a rotary encoder or speed sensor.

[0071] The embodiment of FIG. 5 differs from that of FIG. 4 in that the rotor 101 is unsupported at the drive side. Due to the integral or one-piece design of the rotor 101 and the shaft 201, the bearings 203′ and 203 of the roller/roll 200 are also used by the drive 100. In addition, the drive 100 of FIG. 5 has a cooling shell 112. The cooling shell 112 is part of a cooling device, with which the drive 100 can be optionally equipped. The cooling shell 112 may be provided in the housing of the drive 100 or, as shown in FIG. 5, directly on the stator 102, which, as a generic term in the present application, comprises the housing of the drive 100.

[0072] An alternative form of cooling is realized by means of a cooling module 113 in accordance with the embodiment in FIG. 6, which is arranged as a separate cylindrical module between the high-performance brake 105 and the electric motor of the drive 100. The cooling can be provided by a blower and/or as a water or fluid cooling device. FIG. 6 shows how the base module of the drive 100 can be expanded by two additional modules—the cooling module 113 and the high-performance brake 105.

[0073] FIG. 7 schematically shows a device with a roller/roll 200 and a direct drive 100 as a variant with a replaceable roller body 206. The roller body 206 is seated on a roller base frame 207. In the present exemplary embodiment, the cylindrical shell of the roller body protrudes beyond the drive 100, such that it is at least partially accommodated in the roller/roll 200 and integrated in this manner. Where required, for example for maintaining the machine or changing the diameter or other properties of the roller/roll 200, the roller body 206 can be easily dismantled and, if necessary, replaced by interacting in a modular fashion with the roller base 207 and the drive 100. FIG. 7 also shows another cooling variant, which is realized here as axial cooling device 114. A pipe runs along the center axis of the overall cylindrical construction consisting of the drive 100 and the roller/roll 200, through which a cooling fluid flows to cool the drive 100 and the roller/roll 200 from the inside.

[0074] FIGS. 2a to 7 related to exemplary embodiments for rollers/rolls, for example support rollers or rolls in a rolling mill, transport or acceleration rollers. In the following, exemplary embodiments are described that relate to the direct drive of cable winches used in horizontal or vertical strip accumulators.

[0075] In strip processing lines, in particular rolling mills, strip accumulators are used to continuously supply the processing machines with strip material. For this purpose, strip accumulators separate, for example, a discontinuous system area (inlet, outlet, SPM, etc.) from the stable strip run (furnace, zinc pot, coater, etc.). The strip is thereby held in a strip loop of variable size by one or more deflection rollers. Winch assemblies such as those shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 can be used to adjust the strip loop.

[0076] The winch assembly 300 in FIG. 8 has several (in this example, three) winches 301, which are rotatably mounted in a winch frame 302 and act as cable winches for a horizontal accumulator. In this example, each winch 301 is rotatably driven by one drive 100, which are designed as direct drives, as a so-called “mine drive.” A cable that is wound up and unwound by means of the winch assembly 300 is designated with reference sign 303. In the present exemplary embodiment of FIG. 8, the direct drives 100 are designed as inrunners, wherein each direct drive 100 is of modular design, consists of an electric motor with a stator 102 and a rotor 101, a brake module 105 and a fan module 113 arranged between the brake module 105 and the electric motor. In the present exemplary embodiment, the stator 102 is directly and mechanically rigidly attached to winch frame 302. To provide very high torques, a reduction gear can be integrated in the direct drive 100, but in accordance with a preferred embodiment, such a reduction gear is not required.

[0077] The exemplary embodiment of FIG. 9 differs from that of FIG. 8 in that FIG. 9 shows a variant of the winch assembly 300 with which the direct drives 100 are designed as outrunners. The direct drives 100 each have an outer rotor 101, which is directly and mechanically rigidly connected to the associated winch 301, in order to set it in rotation, an inner stator (not shown) and a brake module 105. In this manner, the drive 100 is installed directly in the winch frame 302, wherein the integration between the drive 100 and the winch 301 is particularly pronounced because the drive 100 surrounds the winch 301 in a sandwich-like manner.

[0078] An additional exemplary embodiment of a cable winch 301 with a direct drive 100 for a vertical or horizontal accumulator is shown in FIG. 10. A variant in which the direct drive 100 is designed as an inrunner is shown. The direct drive 100 is similar to the one in FIG. 8, wherein a cooling module is omitted. The rotor 101 of the direct drive 100 and the shaft 304 of the winch 301 are formed to be integral, preferably in one piece. This makes it possible that the two winch-side bearings 305 are also used by the rotor 101 of the direct drive 100. An additional bearing inside the direct drive can therefore be omitted, if necessary.

[0079] In the exemplary embodiments shown, a direct drive was always provided for a roller/roll or winch to be driven. However, several direct drives can also be arranged on one or both sides of the roller/roll or winch. Similarly, one direct drive can drive several rollers/rolls or winches.

[0080] FIG. 11 shows an exemplary embodiment of a cable winch 301 for a vertical or horizontal accumulator with a direct drive 100 on both sides. In all other respects, the structure is similar to that of FIG. 10. Such a double-sided drive is possible in a similar manner for the rollers/rolls 200 shown in FIGS. 2a to 7.

[0081] FIG. 12 shows an additional exemplary embodiment of a cable winch 301 with a direct drive 100 for a vertical or horizontal accumulator. A variant in which the direct drive 100 is designed as an outrunner and is thus integrated in the winch 301, similar to the exemplary embodiments described for rollers/rolls with reference to FIGS. 3 and 7, is shown. The direct drive 100 has an outer rotor 101 with magnets, which can be provided integrally or in one piece with the winch 301. The inner stator 102 is firmly connected to the winch frame 302. The shaft 304 of the winch 301 is rotatably mounted on the stator 102 via a bearing 109, which allows a particularly close integration between the direct drive 100 and the winch 301. The bearing 109 is located in a bearing housing shown in FIG. 12, but without reference signs. FIG. 12 shows a similar exemplary embodiment, but as in FIG. 11 with direct drive on both sides for increasing the torque and/or more even distribution of force and weight.

[0082] The following applies to all embodiments shown: A feed-through for media, such as hydraulic oil and/or cooling water, is possible from the drive side, for example by passing corresponding lines through the inner rotor or stator. The close, integral connection between the drive and the work machine allows for a system construction that saves installation space. This is accompanied by simplifications in system construction, for example by saving on foundations, better accessibility to the system, a reduction in spare parts, a reduction in maintenance work, a downsizing of the hall. The motors are not endangered, or are less endangered, by bundles or other falling parts. A major advantage of the concept presented here becomes apparent in the thermal design of the motors. Due to the intimate connection of the drive to the work machine, the mass and surface of the mechanical device can be used for heat dissipation. Thus, the power of the electric motors can be increased without any structural measures. The power loss of the drive train is considerably reduced. In many cases, forced ventilation or water cooling can be omitted. The motors can be designed as inrunners or outrunners. The integral concept described also offers improvements in terms of safety, since rotating external drive components such as cardan shafts, couplings, brake disks, etc. can be omitted. Components such as bearings, shafts, clutches, motor stands, gear stands, etc. are no longer required. A reduction in the number of moving parts also results in higher control accuracy, which in turn has a positive effect on the quality of the products to be manufactured.

[0083] The reduction in the number of components compared with a conventional drive train is expressed by the fact that certain types of gears, couplings and rolling bearings can be omitted completely or at least partially. Moving and stationary components are significantly reduced, resulting in higher torsional stiffness, improved control quality and higher efficiency of the drive system. The need for oil lubrication can be partially eliminated, further reducing the power loss of the drive. Motor fans or water coolers can be omitted or can be smaller, since the frame of the work machine and the stator of the drive are closely integrated, by which power loss is further reduced. A significant reduction in wear parts, such as gears and their bearings, improves the ability to maintain and the reliability of the machine. In addition, the drive train as a whole is extremely resilient, in particular with regard to possible shock loads. Furthermore, a reduction in operating noise and safety engineering expense is achieved, for example by eliminating covers for moving parts. System planning is simplified, since, in general, the drive trains have to be individually planned on a foundation with great expense. If the drive is integrated or “interlocked” with the roller element, such as the roller/roll or winch, as described in detail above, the effort involved in system planning is reduced. If necessary, the drive can also be interlocked with the frame of the work machine ex works. This means that the device can be tested in the production plant and arrives at the construction site tested, by which final assembly is simplified and the machine can be put into operation quickly.

[0084] To the extent applicable, all individual features shown in the exemplary embodiments can be combined and/or replaced without leaving the field of the invention.

LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

[0085]

TABLE-US-00001  10 Drive/direct drive  11 Rotor  12 Stator  13 Supplying converter  20 Work machine  30 Holding device  31 Control device  40 Electric braking device  50 Mechanical holding device 100 Drive/direct drive 101, 101′ Rotor 102, 102′ Housing/stator 103 Bearing 105 Brake/brake module 106 Bolting 107 Pneumatic connection 108 Flexible coupling 109 Bearing 110 Catching magnet 111 Encoder system 112 Cooling shell 113 Cooling module/fan module 114 Axial cooling device 200 Roller/roll 201 Shaft 202 Frame/stand 203 Bearing 204 Suspension 205 Screw flange 206 Replaceable roller body 207 Roller base frame 300 Winch assembly 301 Winch 302 Winch frame 303 Cable 304 Shaft 305 Bearing