Relay

Abstract

A relay is disclosed. In an embodiment a relay includes a first contact, a second contact, a movable element arrangeable in a closed position and in an open position; and at least one bimetallic strip, wherein the movable element electrically connects the first contact to the second contact in the closed position, wherein the first contact and the second contact are electrically isolated from each other when the movable element is arranged in the open position, and wherein the at least one bimetallic strip is configured to be deformed upon an increase in temperature such that it presses the movable element against the first and second contacts after deformation.

Claims

1. A relay comprising: a first contact; a second contact; a movable element arrangeable in a closed position and in an open position by an armature; and at least one bimetallic strip, wherein the movable element electrically connects the first contact to the second contact in the closed position, wherein the first contact and the second contact are electrically isolated from each other when the movable element is arranged in the open position, wherein the at least one bimetallic strip is configured to be deformed upon an increase in temperature such that it presses the movable element against the first and second contacts after deformation, and wherein the movable element is non-deformed by the bimetallic strip.

2. The relay according to claim 1, further comprising a magnet configured to move the movable element from the open position to the closed position when the magnet is switched on.

3. The relay according to claim 1, wherein a first end of the at least one bimetallic strip is fixed to the movable element.

4. The relay according to claim 3, wherein the movable element has a top side facing the first and second contacts and a bottom side arranged opposite to the top side, wherein, at the top side, a contact element is arranged, which is configured to be electrically contacted directly with the first contact in the closed position of the movable element, and wherein the first end of the at least one bimetallic strip is arranged at the bottom side of the movable element below the contact element.

5. The relay according to claim 1, wherein a second end of the at least one bimetallic strip is free-standing.

6. The relay according to claim 5, further comprising a mechanical stop, wherein the second end of the at least one bimetallic strip abuts the mechanical stop when the movable element is arranged in the closed position and after the at least one bimetallic strip has been deformed as a result of the increase in temperature.

7. The relay according to claim 6, wherein the mechanical stop is arranged at the armature connected to the movable element via a spring-loaded connection.

8. The relay according to claim 7, wherein a contact force with which the movable element is pressed against the first and second contacts in the closed position is determined by a spring constant of the spring-loaded connection when the movable element is in the closed position and the at least one bimetallic strip is not deformed due to the increase in temperature, and wherein the contact force is determined by a contact pressure of the at least one bimetallic strip when the movable element is in the closed position and the at least one bimetallic strip is deformed as a result of the increase in temperature.

9. The relay according to claim 1, wherein the at least one bimetallic strip is configured to increase a contact force with which the movable element is pressed against the first and second contacts after deformation in the closed position.

10. The relay according to claim 1, wherein the at least one bimetallic strip comprises a first layer comprising MnCu18Ni10 and a second layer comprising FeNi36.

11. The relay according to claim 1, wherein the relay comprises two bimetallic strips.

12. A relay comprising: a first contact; a second contact; a movable element arrangeable in a closed position and in an open position; at least one bimetallic strip, wherein a second end of the at least one bimetallic strip is free-standing; and a mechanical stop, wherein the second end of the at least one bimetallic strip abuts the mechanical stop when the movable element is arranged in the closed position and after the at least one bimetallic strip has been deformed as a result of a temperature increase, and wherein the mechanical stop is arranged at an armature connected to the movable element via a spring-loaded connection; wherein the movable element electrically connects the first contact to the second contact in the closed position; wherein the first contact and the second contact are electrically isolated from each other when the movable element is arranged in the open position; and wherein the at least one bimetallic strip is configured to be deformed upon the temperature increase such that it presses the movable element against the first and second contacts after deformation.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) In the following, the present invention will be explained in more detail in conjunction with the figures.

(2) FIG. 1 shows a relay in an open position;

(3) FIG. 2 shows the relay in a closed position, wherein the bimetallic strips are in a resting state; and

(4) FIG. 3 shows the relay in its closed position with the bimetallic strips in an active state.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

(5) FIG. 1 shows a relay 1 in an open position. When the relay 1 is in its open position, no current can flow through the relay 1.

(6) The relay 1 has a first contact 2 and a second contact 3. The relay 1 also has a movable element 4 which can be in an open position or in a closed position. FIG. 1 shows the movable element 4 in the open position. In the open position the movable element 4 does not electrically connect the first contact 2 with the second contact 3. In the open position of the relay 1 the movable element 4 is in its open position. In the closed position of the relay 1 the movable element 4 is in its closed position.

(7) The movable element 4 has a top side 5 which faces the first contact 2 and the second contact 3. A first contact element 6 and a second contact element 7 are arranged on the top side 5 of the movable element 4. When the movable element 4 is in its open position, the first contact 2 and the first contact element 6 of the movable element 4 are separated by a gap 8. Furthermore, the second contact 3 and the second contact element 7 are also separated from each other by a gap 8. Accordingly, the first contact 2 and the second contact 3 are electrically isolated from each other.

(8) The relay 1 also has an armature 9 and a magnet 10 configured so as to move armature 9. The magnet 10 is an electromagnet that can be switched on and off. The magnet 10 is a lifting magnet.

(9) The armature 9 can take a first position and a second position. FIG. 1 shows the armature 9 in its first position. If the armature 9 is in its first position, the relay 1 is in the open position. If the armature 9 is in the second position, as shown in FIG. 2, the relay 1 is in the closed position.

(10) The armature 9 comprises a metallic material. When the magnet 10 is switched on, the field generated by the magnet 10 exerts a force on the armature 9, which moves the armature 9 from the first position shown in FIG. 1 to the second position shown in FIG. 2.

(11) The armature 9 is mechanically connected to the movable element 4 via a spring-loaded connection 11, which has a mechanical spring. When the armature 9 is moved to its second position as a result of switching on the magnet 10, the movable element 4 also moves, compressing the spring-loaded connection 11 and thus absorbing a part of the movement of the armature 9, so that the movable element 4 moves along a smaller distance than the armature 9. When the magnet 10 is switched on, the armature 9 and the movable element 4 move in a direction towards the first and second contacts 2, 3.

(12) Two bimetallic strips 13, 13a are arranged on a bottom side 12 of the movable element 4, the bottom side being arranged opposite to the top side 5. Each of the two bimetallic strips 13, 13a comprises a layer comprising a first material and a layer comprising a second material, the layers being bonded together. The first and second material differ in their coefficients of thermal expansion. For example, the first material can be MnCu18Mi10 and the second material FeNi36. When the bimetallic strips 13, 13a are exposed to a temperature change, they deform due to the different coefficients of thermal expansion of the two layers.

(13) Each of the two bimetallic strips 13, 13a can be in a resting state and an active state. Due to a temperature change the bimetallic strips 13, 13a are transferred from their resting state into the active state. At a usual room temperature of 21° C., the bimetallic strips 13, 13a are in their respective resting state. If the temperature rises and exceeds an activation temperature, the bimetallic strips 13, 13a deform and thereby assume their active state. When the temperature decreases and falls below the activation temperature, the bimetallic strips 13, 13a return to their resting state. The active state of the bimetallic strips 13, 13a differs from the resting state in that the bimetallic strips 13, 13a are deformed. In particular, the expansion of the bimetallic strips 13, 13a in a direction perpendicular to the bottom side 12 of the movable element 4 is greater in the active state than in the resting state.

(14) A first end 14, 14a of each of the two bimetallic strips 13, 13a is attached to the bottom side 12 of the movable element 4. The first end 14 of the first bimetallic strip 13 is fixed below the first contact element 6, which is arranged on the top side 5 of the movable element 4. The first end 14a of the second bimetallic strip 13a is arranged immediately below the second contact element 7. When the contact elements 6, 7 are heated accordingly, the resulting heat can also easily reach the bimetallic strips 13, 13a and heat the bimetallic strips 13, 13a.

(15) A second end 15, 15a of the two bimetallic strips 13 is free-standing. Accordingly, the second end 15, 15a of the two bimetallic strips 13, 13a is not fixed and can move relative to the first end 14, 14a. In particular, the second end 15, 15a of the two bimetallic strips 13, 13a is not fixed to the movable element 4. Furthermore, the second end 15, 15a of the two bimetallic strips 13, 13a can be spaced from the movable element 4 as shown in FIG. 1 and can thus be further away than the first end 14, 14a from the movable element 4.

(16) The relay 1 has a mechanical stop 16. The mechanical stop 16 is formed by a sleeve attached to the armature 9. In the open state of the relay 1, the second end 15, 15a of the two bimetallic strips 13, 13a is separated from the mechanical stop 16 by a gap.

(17) FIG. 2 shows the relay 1 in its closed position, with the bimetallic strips 13, 13a each in their undeformed resting states. In the closed position of the relay 1 a current can flow through the relay 1. When the magnet 10 is switched on, it moves the armature 9 and thus the movable element 4 towards the contacts 2, 3. The movable element 4 is transferred to its closed position. In the closed position, the first and second contact 2, 3 are electrically connected to each other via the contact elements 6, 7 arranged on the movable element 4. Accordingly, a current can flow via relay 1. Immediately after closing the relay 1, it is not yet heated. Accordingly, the bimetallic strips 13, 13a do not undergo any deformation and initially remain in their resting state.

(18) When the relay 1 is now closed and a current flows via the first contact 2 and the movable element 4 to the second contact 3, losses occur at the contact point between the first contact 2 and the first contact element 6 and between the second contact 3 and the second contact element 7, respectively, resulting from the limited contact force between the contacts 2, 3 and the contact elements 6, 7. Due to these losses heat is generated, which leads to a heating of the relay 1. In particular, the contacts 2, 3, the contact elements 6, 7 and their immediate surroundings are heated to high temperatures. Accordingly, the first ends 14, 14a of the bimetallic strips 13, 13a and thus the entire bimetallic strips 13, 13a are also heated.

(19) The contact force between the movable element 4 and the contacts 2, 3 is essentially determined by the spring constant of the spring-loaded connection 11 when the movable element 4 is in its closed position and the bimetallic strips 13, 13a, as shown in FIG. 2, are in their respective resting states.

(20) FIG. 3 shows the relay 1 in its closed state with the bimetallic strips 13, 13a deformed. When the bimetallic strips 13, 13a have been heated above the activation temperature, the bimetallic strips 13, 13a will be deformed. When the bimetallic strips 13, 13a are deformed, the second end 15, 15a of the respective bimetallic strip 13, 13a is moved away from the bottom side 12 of the movable element 4. The second end 15, 15a of the bimetallic strip 13, 13a strikes at the mechanical stop 16 of relay 1, which prevents further deformation of the bimetallic strip 13, 13a. This presses the bimetallic strip 13, 13a between the mechanical stop 16 and the movable element 4.

(21) The bimetallic strips 13, 13a now exert a force on the movable element 4 which pushes the movable element 4 in the direction of the first and second contact 2, 3. This force exerted by bimetallic strips 13, 13a increases the contact force at contacts 2, 3. As shown in FIG. 3, the bimetallic strips 13, 13a press the movable element 4 against the first and second contact 2, 3 without deforming the movable element 4. Despite the deformation of the bimetallic strips 13, 13a, the movable element 4 is not deformed as shown.

(22) Increasing the contact force provides a better connection between the contacts 2, 3 and the contact elements 6, 7 so that losses can be reduced. Accordingly, less heat is generated at the transitions between the first contact 2 to the first contact element 6 and between the second contact 3 to the second contact element 7. The bimetallic strips 13, 13a thus make it possible to increase the contact pressure between the movable element 4 and the contacts 2, 3 in the event of strong heating of the contacts 2, 3, thus reducing the losses at the transition points and thus limiting excessive heating.

(23) If the relay 1 is now switched off by switching off the magnet 10, firstly the armature 9 is moved back to its open position. The movable element 4 is also moved to its open position. Now no current flows between the contacts 2, 3 and the movable element 4. Accordingly, no further heat due to losses is generated. Therefore the bimetallic strips 13, 13a cool down so that they are deformed back to their resting state after a short time. The configuration of the relay 1 shown in FIG. 1 is thus restored.