METHOD OF PLACING AN ORTHODONTIC APPARATUS, TEMPLATE AND ORTHODONTIC APPARATUS

Abstract

An orthodontic dentistry for use in holistic treatment of patients with anomalies of the dentoalveolar system using orthodontic micro-implant. The source data includes a computer tomogram, cast teeth models, jaw model, and size of the micro-implants to be installed. Using cast teeth models, plaster dental models are casted and scanned to obtain a 3D printed model of the patient's jaw. Then, the computer tomogram and 3D model of the patient's jaw are combined. Based on the anatomy and shape of the palatal mucosa, the entry points of the micro-implants into the mucosa is selected on a 3D model of the patient's jaw. The position of the micro-implants at these selected points is plotted, taking into account their inclination and depth of insertion. The correctness of the selected position of the micro-implants is checked using the computer tomogram. By the data obtained, a caliper is modeled for inserting micro-implants for the subsequent installation of an orthodontic apparatus.

Claims

1. A method for placing an orthodontic ready-to-use apparatus on a patient, the method comprising the steps of: performing a computer tomography of the patient; creating a 3D model of a jaw of the patient; making a caliper for the insertion of micro-implants and orthodontic apparatus, the micro-implants are inserted on the patient jaw according to the caliper, on which the orthodontic apparatus is installed, and the orthodontic apparatus is different in that the virtual 3D model of the patient's jaw is created from the jaw model; using a computer program combines the computer tomogram and 3D model of the patient's jaw, and determines the coordinates of the entry points of the micro-implants into a mucous surface; plotting a position of the micro-implant insertion axes in these points; making the micro-implants based on the determined coordinates of the micro-implants' entry points and the position of the micro-implants' insertion axes, a caliper with fixing holes for micro-implants insertion and an orthodontic apparatus with mounting holes for fixing the orthodontic apparatus on the; fixing the caliper in the patient's mouth, the micro-implants are inserted through the fixing holes of the caliper, removing the caliper from the patient's mouth; and placing the orthodontic apparatus on the inserted micro-implants.

2. A caliper for the insertion of micro-implants to install an orthodontic apparatus on a jaw of a patient, the caliper comprising: a mouthpiece, fixing holes located on the mouthpiece, the fixing holes are for the insertion of micro-implants and to determine the coordinates of entry points of micro-implants in a mucous surface; wherein the construction of the axis of the micro-implants in the entry points is performed using a computer program by combining a computer tomogram and 3D-model of the jaw of the patient.

3. The caliper according to claim 2, wherein a thickness of the caliper at the place of insertion of the micro-implants is sufficient to preserve the position of the axis of insertion of micro-implants.

4. The caliper according to claim 2, further including observation holes.

5. The caliper according to claim 2, wherein the caliper is made of photopolymer by 3D printing.

6. An orthodontic apparatus comprising: a main supporting: holding devices; auxiliary fixing elements; regulating parts; and mounting holes; WHEREIN the mutual location and axes of the mounting holes of the orthodontic apparatus are made based on coordinates of micro-implants entry points into a mucosa surface and a position of the micro-implants insertion axes in the entry points using a computer program on a combined computer tomogram and 3D-model of a patient's jaw.

7. The orthodontic apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the orthodontic apparatus is made by 3D printing with metal according to an obtained computer model of the apparatus.

8. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the orthodontic apparatus is made by casting metal in a mold made according to a burn-out photopolymer model obtained on a 3D printer from a computer model of the apparatus.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] The invention is further explained by a detailed description of a specific, but not limiting, example of the solution and the accompanying drawings, where:

[0034] FIG. 1a shows input data for a computer tomogram implementing the proposed method;

[0035] FIG. 1b shows a dental cast model according to the present invention;

[0036] FIG. 1c shows a plaster model of the jaw according to the present invention;

[0037] FIG. 1d a micro-implant according to the present invention;

[0038] FIG. 1e shows a 3D model according to the present invention;

[0039] FIG. 2 shows a combined computer tomogram and 3D models of the patient's jaw;

[0040] FIG. 3 shows selected entry points of micro-implants into the mucosa on 3D model of the patient's jaw;

[0041] FIG. 4 shows a verification of the selected location of the micro-implants;

[0042] FIG. 5a shows a modeling of the apparatus abutments according to the present invention;

[0043] FIG. 5 b shows a detailed view of the fixing holes of the caliper according to the present invention;

[0044] FIG. 6 shows a modeling of the caliper shell;

[0045] FIG. 7 shows a combined shell and fixing holes of the caliper;

[0046] FIG. 8 shows ready viewing holes of the caliper;

[0047] FIG. 9a shows modeled ring of the orthodontic apparatus according to the present invention;

[0048] FIG. 9b shows modeled beam of the orthodontic apparatus according to the present invention;

[0049] FIG. 10 shows an added standard element of orthodontic apparatus, a moving screw;

[0050] FIG. 11 shows combined functional and technological elements of the orthodontic apparatus.

[0051] FIG. 12 shows an example of a ready-to-use orthodontic apparatus.

EMBODIMENT OF INVENTION

[0052] To implement the proposed method, the initial data are obtained, namely, a computer tomogram 1, dental cast model 2, plaster model 3 of the jaw, and select the size of the installed micro-implants 4. Based on impressions 2, plaster models 3, for example, are casted and scanned to obtain a 3D model 5 of the patient's jaw, as shown in FIG. 1.

[0053] In the computer program, the computer tomogram 1 and 3D model 5 of the patient's jaw are combined, see FIG. 2.

[0054] Based on the anatomy and shape of the palatal mucosa, the entry points 6 of the micro-implants 4 into the mucosa are selected on the 3D model 5 of the patient's jaw, see FIG. 3.

[0055] The position of micro-implants 4 in the given selected points 6 is plotted, taking into account their inclination and insertion depth. The correctness of the selected position of micro-implants 4 is checked on the computer tomogram, see FIG. 4.

[0056] If necessary, the positions of micro-implants 4 are corrected by repeating the selection of entry points 6 of micro-implants 4 into the mucosa on the 3D model 5 of the jaw and the selection of positions of micro-implants 4 in the given selected points 6 taking into account their inclination and depth of insertion.

[0057] Based on the data obtained, namely a 3D model 5 of the patient's jaw and a given position of the micro-implants 4 relative to it, a template 7 for introducing the micro-implants 4 is simulated for the subsequent installation of the orthodontic apparatus 8.

[0058] Using a computer program, the elements of the orthodontic apparatus 8 and the caliper 7 for introducing the micro-implants 4 directly associated with the micro-implants 4, such as the abutments 9 of the orthodontic apparatus 8, the fixing holes 10 of the caliper 7, are virtually set according to their position on the jaw, as shown in FIG. 5.

[0059] Thus, consistency of the bases of the orthodontic apparatus 8 and the caliper 7 for introducing the micro-implants 4 is achieved, and as a result, the positioning holes of the abutments 9 of the orthodontic apparatus 8 and the position of the introduced micro-implants 4, and the direction of the axes of the inserted micro-implants 4 and the positioning holes of the abutments 9 of the orthodontic apparatus 8 coincide.

[0060] Creation of the caliper model 7 for the introduction of micro-implants 4 is a process of computer modeling according to the 3D model 5 of the jaw mouthpiece 11, adjacent to the palatal, occlusal and vestibular tooth surfaces and partially to the palatal mucosa, see FIG. 6. The mouthpiece 11 is combined in the computer program with the already created guide holes 10 for the insertion of the micro-implants 4, see FIG. 7. Then, observation holes 12 are placed in the mouthpiece 11 by means of the computer program to facilitate controlling the placement of the template 7 on the patient's jaw and observing the process of screwing in the micro-implants 4, see FIG. 8. Then, the caliper 7 created in the computer program for the introduction of the micro-implants 4 is made of photopolymer by 3D printing, while the thickness of the caliper 7 at the location of the guide holes 10 for the introduction of the micro-implants 4 must be sufficient to maintain the position of the micro-implant insertion axis during installation.

[0061] To create a model of the orthodontic apparatus 8, computer modeling of its individual elements, such as rings 13, beams 14, etc., is performed, as shown in FIG. 9. Also, if necessary, standard elements of the orthodontic apparatus moving screws 15, tube locks (not shown in the drawings), etc., are added, see FIG. 10. All elements are created and added in accordance with the required functions of the designed orthodontic apparatus 8, the 3D model 5 of the jaw and the position of the inserted micro-implants 4.

[0062] If necessary, the technological elements used to connect the parts of the orthodontic apparatus 8 are modeled so that it represents a monolithic structure during fabrication. Then all elements of the orthodontic apparatus 8 to be fabricated are combined in the computer program into a single body, see FIG. 11.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

[0063] Several technologies can be used to manufacture an orthodontic apparatus 8.

[0064] Alternatively, the fabrication can be done by 3D metal printing based on the obtained 3D computer model of the apparatus.

[0065] Optionally, it is possible to use casting, for which there is a need to do the following:

[0066] Print the burnout model from photopolymer on a 3D printer;

[0067] Form a gating system and make molds for casting;

[0068] Cast metal into the resulting mold.

[0069] At the final stage, the moving screws 15 are welded and additional support elements made of dental plastic are manufactured.

[0070] An example of a manufactured orthodontic apparatus according to the proposed method is shown in FIG. 12.

[0071] Thus, the advantage of the proposed invention lies in the fact that the caliper 7 for the insertion of micro-implants 4 and the orthodontic apparatus 8 mounted on the introduced micro-implants 4 are made according to the computer 3D models, which allows to guarantee accuracy and to provide a planned direction of the introduction of micro-implants 4 for the subsequent installation of the orthodontic apparatus 8 on them. This, in turn, allows reducing the number of patient visits to the doctor.

[0072] The reduction in the frequency of patient visits to the doctor when using the proposed method has a positive effect on the emotional state of the patient.

[0073] It should be noted that the correction of anomalies of the dentoalveolar system is most often performed on children, and the implementation of the proposed method will reduce the emotional burden on children.