APPARATUS, SYSTEM AND METHOD TO CONTROLLABLY INFLUENCE AT LEAST ONE OF A RATE OF A CHEMICAL REACTION, A BIOLOGICAL PROCESS AND/OR PHASE TRANSITION PROCESSES

Abstract

The present disclosure provides an apparatus, a system and methods to influence a rate of at least one chemical reaction and/or a biological process and/or a phase transition process. The apparatus may include a computing device, a EM source assembly configured to provide electromagnetic radiation, a magnetic assembly configured to provide a magnetic field in a signal-generation region, and a guiding device coupled to the EM source assembly. The guiding device may be configured to guide the electromagnetic radiation provided by the EM source assembly along a guiding direction and into the signal-generation region, wherein the magnetic field in the signal-generation region may be perpendicular to the guiding direction of the guiding device. The apparatus may further include a focus area for outputting a gravitational radiation generated in the signal-generation region when the electromagnetic radiation of the EM source assembly interacts with the magnetic field provided by the magnet assembly. The focus area may be directed to at least partially cover the at least one chemical reaction and/or the biological process and/or the phase transition process. A control sample including the same at least one chemical reaction and/or biological process and/or phase transition process may be arranged outside the focus area and may be used for comparison with the probe to determine an influence thereon.

Claims

1. Apparatus to influence at least one of a rate of a chemical reaction and/or a biological process and/or a phase transition process, the apparatus comprising: a computing device, a EM source assembly configured to provide electromagnetic radiation, a magnetic assembly configured to provide a magnetic field in a signal-generation region, a guiding device coupled to the EM source assembly, the guiding device being configured to guide the electromagnetic radiation provided by the EM source assembly along a guiding direction and into the signal-generation region, wherein the magnetic field in the signal-generation region being perpendicular to the guiding direction of the guiding device, and a focus area for outputting a gravitational radiation generated in the signal-generation region when the electromagnetic radiation of the EM source assembly interacts with the magnetic field provided by the magnet assembly, the focus area being directed to at least partially cover at least one of the chemical reaction and/or the biological process and/or the phase transition process.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a housing having shielding properties for shielding external radiation from reaching the EM source assembly, the magnetic assembly and/or the guiding device.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the computing device controls radiation characteristics and/or a radiation signal pattern of the gravitational radiation by controlling radiation characteristics and/or a radiation signal pattern of the electromagnetic radiation provided by the EM source assembly.

4. Apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the radiation characteristics of the electromagnetic radiation include a frequency; an amplitude; an intensity; an energy; and the radiation signal pattern of the electromagnetic radiation include the EM source assembly providing the electromagnetic radiation constantly; in a reoccurring manner; repeatedly; pulsed; periodic or quasi-periodic; gradually increasing or decreasing; divided by an arbitrary time series of values.

5. Apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the magnetic assembly including a first magnet and a second magnet, the first magnet being mounted spaced apart from the second magnet to define a distance therebetween, and wherein the guiding device is being arranged within the distance between the first and the second magnet.

6. Apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the distance between the first magnet and the second magnet is less than 10 mm, the first and/or the second magnet including a neodymium magnet made from neodymium, iron and boron and the first and/or the second magnet providing a magnetic field of at least 0.5 T.

7. Apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the magnetic assembly includes one or more electromagnets.

8. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the EM source assembly includes one or more LED's for providing electromagnetic radiation, the electromagnetic radiation being photons having a wavelength in the range of 100-1000 nm, preferably a wavelength in the range of 450 nm to 540 nm.

9. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the guiding device being a light tube made from polycarbonate configured to transport the light provided by the EM source assembly along the guiding direction to reach the magnetic field provided by the magnet assembly.

10. System to influence at least one of a rate of a chemical reaction and/or a biological process and/or a phase transition process, the system comprising: a generator device assembly for providing non-ionizing radiation in a focus area, the non-ionizing radiation being gravitational radiation in form of gravitational waves, and a probe including at least one of a chemical reaction and/or a biological process and/or a phase transition process, being arranged at least partially within the focus area.

11. System according to claim 10, wherein the generator device assembly includes one or more generator devices, the generator device assembly or the one or more generator devices including: a computing device, a EM source assembly configured to provide electromagnetic radiation, a magnetic assembly configured to provide a magnetic field in a signal-generation region, a guiding device coupled to the EM source assembly, the guiding device being configured to guide the electromagnetic radiation provided by the EM source assembly along a guiding direction and into the signal-generation region, wherein the magnetic field in the signal-generation region being perpendicular to the guiding direction of the guiding device, and a focus area for outputting gravitational radiation generated in the signal-generation region when the electromagnetic radiation of the EM source assembly interacts with the magnetic field provided by the magnet assembly, the focus area being directed to at least partially cover the at least one of a chemical reaction and/or the biological process and/or the phase transition process.

12. System according to claim 11, wherein the computing device controls the generator device assembly in providing the gravitational radiation on the basis of the feedback signal of the feedback sensor assembly in order to controllably influence at least one of the rate of the at least one chemical reaction and/or the biological process and/or the phase transition process.

13. System according to claim 11, further comprising a feedback sensor assembly for detecting the gravitational radiation and for providing at least one feedback signal in response to the detection, the feedback sensor assembly being arranged at least partially within the focus area and a computing device coupled to the generator device assembly and the feedback sensor assembly for controlling the provision of gravitational radiation of the generator device assembly in dependence of the at least one feedback signal.

14. System according to claim 11, the system further comprising a control sample, the control sample including the same at least one of a chemical reaction and/or a biological process and/or a phase transition process as the probe, the control sample being arranged outside the focus area.

15. System according to claim 14, wherein the computing device controls the generator device assembly in providing the gravitational radiation on the basis of the feedback signal of the feedback sensor assembly in order to controllably influence at least one of the rate of the at least one chemical reaction and/or the biological process and/or the phase transition process.

16. System according to claim 14, further comprising a feedback sensor assembly for detecting the gravitational radiation and for providing at least one feedback signal in response to the detection, the feedback sensor assembly being arranged at least partially within the focus area and a computing device coupled to the generator device assembly and the feedback sensor assembly for controlling the provision of gravitational radiation of the generator device assembly in dependence of the at least one feedback signal.

17. System according to claim 16, wherein the feedback sensor assembly comprises two feedback sensors, including a first feedback sensor configured to provide a first feedback signal indicative of a first gravitational signal, and a second feedback sensor configured to provide a second feedback signal indicative of a second gravitational signal.

18. System according to claim 17, wherein the first and/or the second feedback sensor is being arranged at least partially within the focus area of the generator device assembly and in the vicinity of a probe including the at least one of the chemical reaction and/or the biological process and/or the phase transition process.

19. System according to claim 18, wherein the first and/or the second feedback sensor include a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) detector for detecting gravitational radiation provided by the generator device assembly, the first and/or the second TADF detector including a computing device, a detection layer comprising thermally activated delayed fluorescence TADF material, the thermally activated delayed fluorescence TADF material having an excitation frequency range and, exhibiting upon excitation with radiation in the excitation frequency range, a thermally activated delayed fluorescence TADF emission, an excitation radiation source device adapted to emit excitation radiation in the excitation frequency range in order to excite the TADF material, the excitation radiation being electromagnetic radiation, a radiation detector device communicatively coupled with the computing device, the radiation detector device being adapted to detect TADF emission from the detection layer and provide respective detection data to the computing device, the TADF material having a first TADF emission pattern excited by the excitation radiation without exposure to gravitational radiation and a second TADF emission pattern excited by the excitation radiation, with exposure to gravitational radiation, the computing device being adapted to compute detection data from the radiation detector device to determine the first TADF emission pattern excited by excitation radiation without exposure to gravitational radiation and the second TADF emission pattern excited by the excitation radiation with exposure to gravitational radiation, compare the first and the second determined TADF emission patterns, determine, on the basis of the comparison, exposure to gravitational radiation and a gravitational signal in the detection layer.

20. System according to claim 16, wherein the computing device controls the generator device assembly in providing the gravitational radiation on the basis of the feedback signal of the feedback sensor assembly in order to controllably influence at least one of the rate of the at least one chemical reaction and/or the biological process and/or the phase transition process.

21. System according to claim 10, the system further comprising a control sample, the control sample including the same at least one of a chemical reaction and/or a biological process and/or a phase transition process as the probe, the control sample being arranged outside the focus area.

22. System according to claim 21, further comprising a feedback sensor assembly for detecting the gravitational radiation and for providing at least one feedback signal in response to the detection, the feedback sensor assembly being arranged at least partially within the focus area and a computing device coupled to the generator device assembly and the feedback sensor assembly for controlling the provision of gravitational radiation of the generator device assembly in dependence of the at least one feedback signal.

23. System according to claim 10, further comprising a feedback sensor assembly for detecting the gravitational radiation and for providing at least one feedback signal in response to the detection, the feedback sensor assembly being arranged at least partially within the focus area and a computing device coupled to the generator device assembly and the feedback sensor assembly for controlling the provision of gravitational radiation of the generator device assembly in dependence of the at least one feedback signal.

24. System according to claim 10, wherein the computing device controls the generator device assembly in providing the gravitational radiation on the basis of the feedback signal of the feedback sensor assembly in order to controllably influence at least one of the rate of the at least one chemical reaction and/or the biological process and/or the phase transition process.

25. System according to claim 10, wherein the generator device assembly comprises two generator devices, including a first generator device configured to provide a first gravitational radiation in a first focus area to influence at least one of the rate of the chemical reaction, and/or a biological process and/or a phase transition process and a second generator device configured to provide a second gravitational radiation in a second focus area to influence at least one of the rate of the chemical reaction and/or the biological process and/or the phase transition process.

26. System according to claim 25, wherein the computing device controls the first and/or the second generator device to provide the first gravitational radiation having radiation characteristics and/or radiation signal patterns being different form the radiation characteristics and/or radiation signal patterns of the second gravitational radiation.

27. System according to claim 26, wherein the computing device controls radiation characteristics and/or a radiation signal pattern of the first and/or the second gravitational radiation by controlling radiation characteristics and/or a radiation signal pattern of the electromagnetic radiation provided by the EM source assembly of the first and/or the second generator device.

28. System according to claim 25, further comprising a synchronization device to synchronize the first and the second generator device in providing the first and the second gravitational radiation.

29. Method for influencing at least one of a rate of a chemical reaction and/or a biological process and/or a phase transition process, the method comprising: providing electromagnetic radiation with a EM source assembly, guiding the electromagnetic radiation with a guiding device to a magnetic field, the magnetic field being perpendicular to a guiding direction of the electromagnetic radiation, providing a focus area in which a gravitational signal is outputted upon the interaction of the electromagnetic radiation with the magnetic field, arranging the probe including at least one of the chemical reaction and/or the biological process and/or the phase transition process at least partially within the focus area.

30. Method according to claim 29, further comprising controlling radiation characteristics and/or radiation signal pattern of the gravitational signal by controlling the radiation characteristics and/or the radiation signal pattern of the electromagnetic radiation of the EM source assembly.

31. Method according to claim 30, wherein the radiation characteristics of the electromagnetic radiation include a frequency; an amplitude; an intensity; an energy; and the radiation signal pattern of the electromagnetic radiation include provision of the electromagnetic radiation constantly; in a reoccurring manner; repeatedly; pulsed; periodic or quasi-periodic; gradually increasing or decreasing; divided by an arbitrary time series of values.

32. Method for influencing at least one of a rate of a chemical reaction and/or a biological process and/or a phase transition process, the method comprising providing gravitational radiation in the form of gravitational waves with a generator device assembly, in a first focus area, detecting the gravitational radiation with a feedback sensor assembly arranged at least partially within the first focus area to provide at least one feedback signal, controlling the provision of gravitational radiation of the generator device assembly in dependence of the at least one feedback signal to controllably influence at least one of the rate of the chemical reaction and/or the biological process and/or the phase transition process.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0279] So that the manner in which the above recited features of the present disclosure can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the disclosure, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to embodiments. The accompanying drawings relate to embodiments of the disclosure and are described in the following:

[0280] FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic view of an example apparatus or generator device assembly according to embodiments described herein;

[0281] FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic view of an example feedback sensor assembly in the form of a TADF detector according to embodiments described herein;

[0282] FIG. 2A illustrates the output of a first (e.g. calibrated) TADF emission pattern from a TADF detector at a CCD array;

[0283] FIG. 2B illustrates the output of a second TADF emission pattern from the TADF detector at a CCD array; compared to the first (e.g. calibrated) TADF emission pattern;

[0284] FIG. 2C illustrates the output of a second TADF emission pattern from the TADF detector at a CCD array when a “weak” gravitational signal is present;

[0285] FIG. 2D illustrates the output of a second TADF emission pattern from the TADF detector at a CCD array when a “weak” gravitational signal is present;

[0286] FIG. 2E illustrates the different processes of fluorescence emission, phosphorescence emission and thermally activated delayed fluorescence emission that may occur in, e.g., a TADF material.

[0287] FIG. 3 illustrates system according to embodiments described herein having at least one generator device assembly, and a feedback sensor assembly including multiple feedback sensors;

[0288] FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic view of a system according to embodiments described herein having a generator device assembly including two generator devices, and a feedback sensor assembly including four feedback sensors;

[0289] FIG. 5 illustrates an (unfiltered) response at a feedback sensor assembly when using a photodiode, e.g. a (1D) signal pattern (e.g. a first and a second TADF emission pattern) in dependence of electromagnetic radiation being input at a EM source assembly of a generator device assembly, e.g. in dependence of a gravitational signal;

[0290] FIG. 6 illustrates a (filtered) response at a feedback sensor assembly when using a photodiode, e.g. a (1D) signal pattern (e.g. a first and a second TADF emission pattern) in dependence of electromagnetic radiation being input at a EM source assembly of a generator device assembly, e.g. in dependence of a gravitational signal;

[0291] FIG. 7 illustrates a flow diagram of a method according to embodiments described herein;

[0292] FIG. 8 illustrates a flow diagram of a method according to embodiments described herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0293] Reference will now be made in detail to the various embodiments of the disclosure, one or more examples of which are illustrated in the figures. Within the following description of the drawings, the same reference numbers refer to same components. Generally, only the differences with respect to individual embodiments are described. Each example is provided by way of explanation of the disclosure and is not meant as a limitation of the disclosure. Further, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment can be used on or in conjunction with other embodiments to yield yet a further embodiment. It is intended that the description includes such modifications and variations.

[0294] The drawings are schematic drawings which are not drawn to scale. Some elements in the drawings may have dimensions which are exaggerated for the purpose of highlighting aspects of the present disclosure and/or for the sake of clarity of presentation.

[0295] Known conventional components, which are necessary for operation, (e.g. energy supply, cables, controlling devices, processing devices, storage devices, etc.) are neither shown nor described, but are nevertheless considered to be disclosed for the skilled person.

[0296] FIG. 1 shows an apparatus 100.

[0297] The apparatus 100 comprises a computing device (not shown) and a EM source assembly 102. The EM source assembly includes, e.g., two, LEDs and each being configured to provide electromagnetic radiation, e.g. photons, having a first wavelength of, e.g., 470 nm and/or 525 nm. In this case, two LEDs are used to provide different radiation signal patterns, such as a pulsed radiation signal pattern for example.

[0298] The apparatus 100 further comprises a magnetic assembly 104 configured to provide a magnetic field B. The direction of the magnetic field B is indicated by arrows 106.

[0299] The apparatus also includes a signal-generation region 108 being located in between the distance, gap, or spacing A between the two magnets 104A, 104B or the magnetic poles 104A and 104B of the magnetic assembly 104.

[0300] The apparatus 100 further comprises a guiding device 110 being coupled to the EM source device 102. The guiding device 110 may be a light pipe or light tube, e.g. a tube to transport electromagnetic radiation (e.g. light) of the EM source assembly 102.

[0301] As shown in FIG. 1, the light tube 110 is positioned in between the spacing A of the magnet assembly 104, i.e. to cross or traverse the magnetic field B between the magnetic poles 104A and 104B. As such, the magnetic field B provided by the magnetic assembly 104 may interact with the light transported in the light tube 110.

[0302] As mentioned, the “coupling” between the guiding device 110 and the EM source device 102 does not require a physical attachment or fixation to the EM source device 102 but merely requires that the electromagnetic radiation, e.g. the light generated by the EM source device 102 may enter the light tube 110. However, this does not exclude a physical attachment. In particular, the term “coupling” as used throughout the present disclosure with respect to the guiding device 110 and the EM source device 102 should be understood in enabling the electromagnetic radiation provided by the EM source device 102 to enter the guiding device 110.

[0303] The light tube 110 is configured to guide or transport the electromagnetic radiation provided by the laser 102 along a guiding direction C that follows the curvature, shape, trajectory or dimension of the light tube, which allows to transport the photons created by the laser 102 into the magnetic field region, e.g. into the spacing A where a gravitational signal is generated, e.g. at the signal-generation region 108.

[0304] The apparatus 100 includes a signal-generation region 108 which essentially corresponds to the size of the magnet assembly 104, since the gravitational signal is generated when both the magnetic field B and the photons from the laser 102 interact.

[0305] As shown in FIG. 1, the magnetic field B in the signal-generation region 108 is being provided substantially perpendicular to the light tube 110 (e.g. and the electromagnetic radiation therein), i.e. in order to be able to generate a gravitational wave 114 according to the Gertsenshtein effect.

[0306] The apparatus 100 further comprises a housing 116 having shielding properties for shielding, e.g., electromagnetic radiation, from reaching the inner components, e.g. the magnetic assembly 104, the guiding device 110 etc. located inside the housing 116, i.e. as indicated by arrow 118.

[0307] Contrary thereto, the gravitational wave 114 generated is able to penetrate the housing 116 as indicated by arrow 120.

[0308] FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of an example feedback sensor assembly 200 in the form of a TADF detector 200.

[0309] FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a TADF detector for detection of gravitational waves 114 generated by a generator device assembly 100.

[0310] The TADF detector 200 comprises a computing device 202 and a detection layer 204. As illustrated, the TADF detector 200 comprises two detection layers 204A, 204B. However, it is also possible to equip the TADF detector 200 with only one detection layer.

[0311] The detection layer comprises thermally activated delayed fluorescence TADF material, i.e. a material that is able to generate thermally activated delayed fluorescence emission when the TADF material is excited, e.g. by photons, from the S.sub.0 state to an energetically higher state, e.g. the S.sub.1 state.

[0312] Upon excitation with an excitation frequency in the TADF material in the detection layer will exhibit a thermally activated delayed fluorescence TADF emission.

[0313] The TADF detector comprises an excitation radiation source device 206. As illustrated, the excitation radiation source device 206 may be a lamp, or a LED that is adapted to emit excitation radiation 208, i.e. photons 208. The photons 208 may have at least a frequency that is within in the excitation frequency range of the excitation material, i.e. a frequency that is at least able to excite the TADF material from the S.sub.0 state to an energetically higher state, e.g. the S.sub.1 state.

[0314] The excitation radiation source device 206 can be controlled to provide continuous excitation radiation, i.e. to be operated in a constant emission mode. The excitation radiation source device 206 can be controlled to provide non-continuous excitation radiation, i.e. to be operated in a variable emission mode, to provide, for example, pulsed and/or periodical excitation radiation. Controlling the operation of the excitation radiation source device 206 is helpful in order to carry out the TADF measurement procedure. A controlling device may also be used to do so.

[0315] The excitation radiation source device 206 can comprise one or more excitation radiation sources, for example, one or more LEDs. The drawings show a single excitation radiation source device 206. However, two and more excitation radiation source devices, e.g. arranged adjacent to each other, opposite to each other or, e.g., spaced apart from each other can be employed.

[0316] The TADF detector comprises at least one radiation detector device. In the example of FIG. 2, the TADF detector comprises two radiation detector devices 210 communicatively coupled with the computing device 202.

[0317] The radiation detector device 210 may be a CCD device, CCD array, CCD camera, a photodiode or any other, e.g. optical, detector that is capable of detecting (at least) the photons provided by the detection layers 204A, 204B, particularly resulting from thermally activated delayed fluorescence emission from the TADF material, i.e. in response to excitation by excitation radiation from the LED 206.

[0318] As such, the radiation detector devices, e.g. the CCD arrays should be at least sensitive to detect thermally activated delayed fluorescence emission and the resolution of such a CCD array should be chosen to image or visualize the TADF emission.

[0319] The radiation detector device 210 can have a planar detection surface, or, for example, a curved detection surface. The same applies to the detection layer 204A, 204B.

[0320] The size and form of the detection surface of the radiation detector device 210 can be designed such that it conforms the size and form of a detection layer's emission surface from where TADF emission is emitted. This allows capturing and detecting as much TADF emission photons from the detection layer as possible.

[0321] The detection layer may have a single TADF emission surface or may have two or even more emission surfaces.

[0322] The radiation detector device 210 is capable of outputting detection data indicating radiation, e.g. photons resulting from TADF emission that are detected by the radiation detector device, e.g. the CCD array.

[0323] In addition or as alternative, one or more optical systems, e.g. a lenses (concave, convex or a combination), can be arranged between the detection layer 204A, 204B and the radiation detector devices 210 in order to, e.g. focus the direction of the TADF emission 212 onto the radiation detector device 210, e.g. to avoid losing information of the TADF emission 212.

[0324] The radiation detector devices 210 being adapted to detect TADF emission(s) from the detection layer 204A, 204B and provide respective detection data to the computing device 202.

[0325] The TADF detector may also comprise a housing 216.

[0326] The housing 216 may be adapted to act as at least one of the following: [0327] optically non-transparent shield, [0328] thermal shield, [0329] electromagnetic shield, [0330] shield against at least one of UV radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, X-rays, alpha radiation, beta radiation.

[0331] The material of the housing 2166 may comprise, for example, at least one of the following: [0332] metal (e.g. for optically non-transparent shielding), [0333] plastic (e.g. for optically non-transparent shielding), [0334] gas gap and/or low thermal conductivity polymers (e.g. for thermal shielding), [0335] multi layered construction including layers of different material, for example alternating layers of material having low and high thermal conductivity, like copper foil, (e.g. for thermal shielding), [0336] low thermal conductivity material, like polymer, (e.g. for thermal shielding), [0337] closed (e.g. complete and/or hermetic) grounded metal coating (e.g. Al, Cu) (e.g. for electromagnetic shielding)
UV/gamma/corpuscular/X-rays/alpha/beta shield: [0338] Aluminum (e.g. for shielding of at least one of UV radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, X-rays, alpha radiation, beta radiation), [0339] glass (e.g. for shielding of at least one of UV radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, X-rays, alpha radiation, beta radiation), [0340] textolite (e.g. for shielding of at least one of UV radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, X-rays, alpha radiation, beta radiation), [0341] concrete (e.g. for shielding of at least one of UV radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, X-rays, alpha radiation, beta radiation).

[0342] An exemplary housing may have walls comprising an Aluminum sheet/layer with a thickness of at least about 10 mm; one, two or three glass layers each having a thickness of at least about 2 mm; a textolite layer with a thickness of about 1 mm with an optional cooper foil at least at one side of the textolite layer.

[0343] The distance between the inner surface of the housing 216 and the detection layer 204A, 204B may be 0 mm (i.e. no distance) or, for example, in the range of at least about 30 mm.

[0344] Further shielding can be achieved by providing a housing that—in addition to at least one of the above-mentioned examples or as option thereto—is made of concrete and completely surrounds the TADF detector. This can be accomplished by, for example, positioning the TADF detector in a hollow concrete cube having concrete walls with a thickness of, e.g., about 3 meters and more.

[0345] The excitation radiation source device 206 may be controlled to emit photons 208 that reach the TADF material in the detection layer 204A, 204B which will consequently be excited and exhibit TADF emission that may be measured according to the TADF measurement procedure set forth above.

[0346] FIGS. 2A-2D illustrates two-dimensional (2D) representations of TADF emission patterns at a CCD array.

[0347] FIG. 2A illustrates an example output of a first, calibrated TADF emission pattern from a TADF detector at a CCD array. The respective output of such measurements may be visualized using a two-dimensional CCD array of, e.g. having 240×160 pixels being distributed in the x-y plane, while the z-axis provides, e.g. 14 bit brightness values for every pixel.

[0348] As can be seen in the example of FIG. 2A, the x-y plane, e.g. defined by the x-axis and the y-axis includes, e.g. 240×160 pixels. The z-axis value may include information about the brightness detected at every pixel. The darker pixels may correspond to less brightness values of the TADF photons while the brighter pixels may correspond to higher brightness values of the TADF photons. As can be seen, the brightness values are evenly or uniformly distributed over the entire detection area of the CCD array, e.g. the x-y-plane. As such, a uniform, regular or even photon distribution having uniformly, regularly or evenly distributed brightness values in the x-y plane is determined when the generator device assembly is “switched off”, i.e. no gravitational radiation is provided.

[0349] FIG. 2B illustrates an example output of a second TADF emission pattern from the TADF detector at the CCD array mentioned above, e.g. FIG. 2B shows how the first (e.g. the calibrated) TADF emission pattern changes when gravitational radiation is present.

[0350] As can be seen in the example of FIG. 2B, the second TADF emission pattern is different from the first TADF emission pattern, particularly deformed, bent, shifted, focused and affected by the gravitational radiation. In particular, the outer pixels at the edges 210 may have brightness values that are, e.g. decreased as compared to FIG. 2A. While the pixels towards the center may have brightness values, e.g. having increased as compared to FIG. 2A.

[0351] However, in order to determine radiation characteristics and/or radiation signal pattern from such measurements, a time series of CCD images, e.g. detect multiple CCD images outputted by the CCD array over time, may be analyzed to determine, e.g. a frequency, a wavelength, energy etc. or a radiation signal pattern.

[0352] FIG. 2C illustrates the output of a second TADF emission pattern from the TADF detector at a CCD array when a “weak” gravitational signal is present. A “strong” gravitational signal may correspond to 100% power of the apparatus and/or the generator device assembly, e.g. 100% of available input power, e.g. of the EM source assembly. A “weak” or “weaker” gravitational signal may be understood in less than 100% power of the apparatus and/or the generator device assembly, e.g. only 25% of input power, e.g. of the EM source assembly. In FIGS. 2C and 2D, the distance between the transmitter (e.g. generator device assembly) and receiver (e.g. feedback sensor assembly) may be constant, e.g. unchanged or e.g. not varied. This allows to “visualize” the change in input power, e.g. at the output of the feedback sensor.

[0353] As can be seen, the brightness value in the CCD image at every pixel (e.g. in a center region of the CCD image which is indicated in FIG. 2C by being surrounded by the dashed contour/envelope 220) is only slightly increased as compared to the outer pixels 240. However, as compared to a (e.g. calibrated) TADF emission pattern, e.g. as in FIG. 2A, increased brightness values at the pixels in the center may be observed.

[0354] FIG. 2D illustrates the output of a second TADF emission pattern from the TADF detector at a CCD array when a “strong” gravitational signal is present. The black area in the center of the CCD image illustrates an overflowing area, e.g. the brightness values that may not fit in the, e.g., 14 bit brightness pixel size of the pixels.

[0355] Data analysis techniques may be used for the output to determine, for example, radiation characteristics and/or radiation signal pattern of the gravitational radiation.

[0356] FIG. 3 illustrates a system 300 according to embodiments described herein having at least one generator device assembly 100, e.g. in the form of an apparatus 100 as mentioned above, and a feedback sensor assembly 200 including multiple feedback sensors 200, e.g. in the form of TADF detectors.

[0357] FIG. 3 illustrates a system 300 to influence at least one chemical reaction and/or a biological process.

[0358] The system 300 comprises a generator device assembly 100, e.g. a generator device assembly using the Gertsenshtein effect for providing gravitational radiation. The gravitational radiation may be provided in a focus area 302. The focus area 302 may have a starting point 302A, an endpoint 302B and a radiation area 302C therebetween in which gravitational radiation is being provided. As can be seen in FIG. 3, the focus area 302 may have a conus shape.

[0359] The system 300 further includes a probe or sample 304A that is depicted to be fully covered by the focus area 302, e.g. located completely within the radiation area 302, and a control sample 304B located outside the focus area 302, e.g. not affected by gravitational radiation in the focus area 302.

[0360] However, the probe 304A may also be arranged only partially inside the focus area 302 such that parts thereof are inside the focus area 302, e.g. and thereby affected by the gravitational radiation, and parts thereof are outside the focus area 302, e.g. and thereby not affected by the gravitational radiation.

[0361] The probe 304A under investigation may include at least one chemical reaction and/or at least one biological process and/or at least one phase transition process that may be influenced by radiation, e.g. gravitational radiation 114, provided by the generator device assembly 100.

[0362] The control sample 304B may include the same at least one chemical reaction and/or at least one biological process and/or at least one phase transition process.

[0363] In other words, the control sample 304B may be equal to the probe 304A under investigation with the only difference that the control sample is not to be influenced by gravitational radiation. For example, the probe 304A and the control sample may include the same sort of plant or seed or the same solution for crystal formation.

[0364] As depicted, the probe 304B and the control sample 304A are arranged such that at a distance or spacing between probe 304A and control sample 304B is provided which may be, for example, 15 cm. However, any suitable spacing may be chosen.

[0365] The example system 300 illustrated in FIG. 3 may further include a feedback sensor assembly 306 including, e.g., four feedback sensors 306A, 306B, 306C and 306D, each in the form of, e.g., a TADF detector as illustrated in FIG. 2. A feedback sensor assembly or one or more feedback sensors may be optional for the system.

[0366] As illustrated in FIG. 3, the TADF detectors 306A-306D are arranged in the vicinity of the probe 304A spaced apart at an angle of approximately 90°. However, this is just for illustration purposes, i.e. any suitable spacing, angle, number of TADF detectors may be chosen. Also, the TADF detectors 306A-306D are arranged to be at least partially within the focus area 302, e.g. in order to be affected by the gravitational radiation, e.g. the gravitational radiation 114, provided by the generator device assembly 100.

[0367] Each of the TADF detectors 306A-306D may be a calibrated TADF detector and is able to provide a feedback signal in response to detecting the gravitational radiation 114 generated by the generator device assembly 100.

[0368] In other words, the (calibrated) TADF detectors 306A-306D and particularly the TADF emission pattern will be impacted, affected, influenced by the gravitational radiation 114.

[0369] This results in the TADF detectors 306A-306D each providing a TADF emission pattern with exposure to gravitational radiation 114. These TADF emission patterns may be detected by the radiation detector devices within the TADF detectors 306A-306D that provide detection data, i.e. this information, to the computing device (not shown) for analysis.

[0370] As mentioned, the computing device (not shown) of the example system 300 of FIG. 3 may be coupled to the generator device assembly 100 and the feedback sensor assembly 306A-306D.

[0371] The computing device may control, e.g. in dependence of (e.g. one or more of) the feedback signals of the TADF detectors 306A-306D, e.g. the detection data detected by the respective radiation detector devices, e.g. the CCD arrays therein that include information of the first and second TADF emission pattern that is or is not affected by gravitational radiation, the provision of gravitational radiation of the generator device assembly 100.

[0372] Controlling the generator device assembly 100 may include varying the radiation characteristics and/or the radiation signal pattern in dependence of the one or more feedback signals.

[0373] For example, the initial wavelength, e.g. 470 nm or 525 nm, of the electromagnetic radiation provided by the EM source assembly 102 may be controlled, e.g. in order to, correspondingly, control and/or change the wavelength of the corresponding gravitational radiation 114, by which the probe 304A can, consequently, be controllably influenced.

[0374] The control sample 304B may not be influenced thereby since it is located outside the focus area 302.

[0375] As mentioned above, not only the wavelength of the photons provided by the EM source device 102 may be changed, but also the frequency, amplitude, intensity, energy etc. e.g. the radiation characteristics and/or the radiation signal pattern, e.g. pulsed, constant, periodic (e.g. sinusoidal etc.), chaotic, reoccurring etc.

[0376] This allows to have a controlled, customized or selected impact or influence on the probe 304A under investigation and, particularly on the at least one chemical reaction and/or the biological process.

[0377] The probe 304A under investigation may then be influenced for a certain time, e.g. a first time of hours, days, weeks etc. (e.g. as long as the experiment is to be carried out) while the control sample 304B will not be influenced.

[0378] After this time, the probe 304A may compared to the control sample 304B to determine the differences therebetween, e.g. to determine how fast/slow the rate of the at least one chemical reaction and/or the biological process changed (e.g. a growth rate) or, e.g. how the structure, form, shape of the probe has changed. These differences may be related to the influence of the gravitational radiation that has affected, impacted or altered the probe 304A.

[0379] Optionally, as further shown in FIG. 3, the feedback sensor assembly 306 may include one or more additional feedback sensors 306E and 306F that may be located outside of the focus area 302, e.g. for constantly measuring the background radiation. Consequently, the information provided by the TADF detectors 306E and 306F may serve to enhance the measurements, e.g. in terms of accuracy and also serve to crosscheck, verify the results.

[0380] As mentioned above, a chemical reaction follows the Arrhenius equation. As such, small change of, e.g. energy, for the particles involved in a chemical reaction, e.g. the initial reactants, may result in a change of the process, e.g. and possible the outcome, i.e. the final products. Such change in energy may, be provided thermally, i.e. by varying temperature T or pressure P or a concentration etc. as discussed above, or by impact of non-ionizing radiation, such as gravitational radiation. This means that by providing gravitational radiation 114 to a chemical reaction in a controlled way, e.g. by using a generator device assembly 100 or an apparatus 100 as mentioned above, the chemical reaction may be correspondingly affected, influenced or impacted in a controlled way. The same applies to a biological process and/or a phase transition process.

[0381] The radiation provided seems to have an impact on the rate, i.e. the speed at which the chemical reaction or the biological process occurs, since an increase in the radiation level causes acceleration of reactions leading to a higher chance of mutations while a lower radiation level causes deceleration of reactions leading to a lower chance of mutations.

[0382] Experiments have shown that under periodic influence or regular, e.g. reoccurring impact, i.e. the speed or the rate of the reaction is accelerated or decelerated, periodically or regularly etc., such a change may have advantageous effects on the at least one chemical reaction and/or the biological process and/or the phase transition process.

[0383] Experiments were carried out using a total of three thermostats T1-T3, i.e. in which a constant temperature of T1=40° C., T2=37° C. and T3=25° C. was maintained during a time of 8 days in total, i.e. 8 days in which a gravitational radiation has been applied.

[0384] The gravitational radiation has been provided according to different radiation signal patterns, namely: E1) a continuous radiation signal pattern, E2) On/off modulation in the range of 0-16000 ms and E3) a harmonic modulation of the generator power (P=sum(A.sub.i sin(w.sub.it)) with A.sub.i being in the range of 10 Hz and 1000 Hz.

[0385] Each of the three thermostats T1-T3 included a probe under investigation including at least one chemical reaction, a biological process, a phase transition process etc. that has been arranged to be within the focus area of the gravitational radiation E1-E3 and, thus, influenced thereby as well as a control sample including the same at least one chemical reaction, biological process, phase transition process that has been arranged outside the focus area of the gravitational radiation E1-E3 and, thus, not influence thereby.

[0386] In thermostat T1 the probe under investigation and the control sample included seeds of legumes, e.g. seeds of beans and peas. After the duration of the Experiments and using radiation signal pattern E1, the germination energy, e.g. the number of seedlings after 5 days showed more than 150% percent increase as compared to the control sample. The maximum plant height showed more than 200% increase and the median height of plants (e.g. an average increase of all tested) showed more than 150% as compared to the control sample height.

[0387] Radish for example, shows a medium growth of 70% i.e. following E1 and even 120% in E3 as compared to the control sample.

[0388] In T3, a solution for crystal formation, e.g. a phase transition process from liquid to solid, was tested. Following E3, the crystal growth of the probe under investigation was drastically slowed or decelerated as compared to the control sample, e.g. during a 30 hour experiment, the crystal growth of the probe under investigation was even completely suppressed as compared to the control sample, in which the formation was as expected, e.g. not suppressed.

[0389] Using E2, the crystal formation was a lot more uniform/homogeniously as compared to the control sample, which was rather chaotically or inhomogen.

[0390] FIG. 4 illustrates system 400 according to embodiments described herein having at least one generator device assembly 100, and a feedback sensor assembly 200 including multiple feedback sensors 200. The feedback sensor assembly 200 may be optional to the system.

[0391] FIG. 4 illustrates a system 400 to influence at least one chemical reaction and/or a biological process and/or a phase transition process.

[0392] The system 400 comprises a generator device assembly 100, e.g. an apparatus 100 using the Gertsenshtein effect for providing gravitational radiation.

[0393] The generator device assembly 100 comprises a first generator device 100A that provides a first gravitational radiation in a first focus area 402 and a second generator device 100B that provides a second gravitational radiation in a second focus area 412. Generally, the focus areas 402 and 412 have the same features as mentioned above with respect to the focus area 302, e.g. each having a first end 402A, 412A a second end 402B, 412B and a radiation area 402C, 412C therebetween etc.

[0394] The first gravitational radiation may be equal to the second gravitational radiation with respect to radiation characteristics and/or radiation signal pattern, or different.

[0395] However, various variations with respect to radiation characteristics, e.g. frequency, wavelength, energy, intensity and/or variations with respect to radiation signal pattern, e.g. pulsed, reoccurring, periodic, constant etc. are possible.

[0396] As can be seen, the probe under investigation 404A is arranged to be within the first and the second focus areas 402, 412, while the control sample is located outside the first and the second focus areas 402, 412.

[0397] The feedback sensor assembly 406 includes four feedback sensors 406A-406D in the form of a TADF detector as illustrated in FIG. 2, wherein each feedback sensor 406A-406D is located inside both the first and the second focus area 402, 412 and in the vicinity of the probe 404B.

[0398] As can be seen in the example of FIG. 4, two optional TADF detectors 406E and 406F may be provided, wherein the first TADF detector 406E may provide a feedback signal indicative of the first gravitational radiation provided by the first generator assembly 102A and the second TADF detector 406F may provide a feedback signal indicative of the second gravitational radiation provided by the second generator assembly 102B.

[0399] Alternatively or in addition thereto, the system 400 may include TADF detectors 406G and 406H in order to detect a gravitational signal (e.g. background), for example in the vicinity of the control sample 404B and outside the first and second focus areas 402, 412.

[0400] FIG. 5 illustrates an (unfiltered) response at a feedback sensor assembly (e.g. an output 500) when using a photodiode, e.g. a (1D) signal pattern (e.g. a first and a second TADF emission pattern) in dependence of electromagnetic radiation being input at a EM source assembly of a generator device assembly, e.g. in dependence of a gravitational signal.

[0401] The horizontal axis 510 of the output 500 illustrates time, e.g. in seconds, while the vertical axis 520 illustrates a signal level, e.g. a power of the signal. The rectangular or square-like signal 530 illustrates the electromagnetic radiation that is input to the EM source assembly, e.g. the light generated thereby. As can be seen, the light is generated in this example using a pulsed radiation signal pattern. The “sinusoidal-like” signal 540 illustrates the output in the Feedback sensor, e.g. the gravitational signal.

[0402] As can be seen, for a first time, e.g. the portion between approximately 0 and 2000 of FIG. 5, no electromagnetic radiation is generated by the EM source device. This results in no gravitational radiation being generated e.g. by the apparatus and/or the generator device assembly. Consequently, the TADF detector output of the, e.g. photodiode only measures background radiation 540A. This scenario may correspond to the first TADF emission pattern, when no gravitational signal is present but only background 540A. FIG. 5 represents only a 1 dimensional (1D) representation of the (first and second) TADF emission pattern.

[0403] For a second time, e.g. the portion above 200 in FIG. 5, the EM source assembly is “switched on” and “switched off” in e.g. a pulsed manner. This is indicated in FIG. 5 by the rectangular-like signal. Consequently, “switching on” the EM source assembly may result in electromagnetic radiation being generated, entering the guiding device, being guided to the signal-generation region where it interacts with a magnetic field to generate a gravitational wave. The same may be directed to the feedback sensor in order to measure how its output changes. As can be seen, when the gravitational signal is being generated, e.g. provision is indicated by the start of signal 530, the feedback sensor shows a reaction or response thereto indicated by the peak(s) 540B. Peaks 540B are slightly higher than gravitational signal peaks 540C. This may have several explanations. For example, according to linear time invariant (LTI) system theory, the receiver realization may include an adaptive algorithm for current background and signal-to-noise-ratio estimation. Dynamic behavior of such an algorithm may be describes as a linear time-invariant system of the second order with complex poles. The peaks 540B may result from an “overshoot” of the receiver output right after turning on the generator signal, e.g. the gravitational signal. Another explanation may result from radio-techniques. The receiver may be considered as a narrow band filter, e.g. tuned to the frequency of the generator. During the generator being in the “power on” of the generator, the signal may be non-stationary and its spectrum may have some additional harmonics which may distort the output of the receiver initially. In order to avoid such effects, a power ramp may be used, e.g. including “power-on ramp” and “power-down ramp”. The peaks 540B and/or the peaks 540C may correspond to the second TADF emission pattern, when a gravitational signal is present.

[0404] FIG. 6 illustrates a (filtered) response at a feedback sensor assembly (e.g. an output 500) when using a photodiode, e.g. a (1D) signal pattern (e.g. a first and a second TADF emission pattern) in dependence of electromagnetic radiation being input at a EM source assembly of a generator device assembly, e.g. in dependence of a gravitational signal. FIG. 6 may thus correspond to FIG. 5 with the only difference that the output of FIG. 5 is filtered.

[0405] For the output 600 of FIG. 6, an exponential moving average (EMA) filter was used, e.g. a calculation to analyze data points by creating a series of averages of, e.g. different, subsets of the data set. This may be used to “smooth out”, e.g. to exclude, short-term irregularities or fluctuations and/or to highlight longer-term trends or cycles. FIG. 6 illustrates that the initial higher response 540B of the feedback sensor when a gravitational signal is present (e.g. second TADF emission pattern, 1D), the background signal 540A (e.g. first TADF emission pattern, 1D) as well as the trend towards a proportional response 540C. For example, the proportional response may be regarded as approximately a constant ratio between input signal power (e.g. electromagnetic radiation) and output signal power (e.g. gravitational signal).

[0406] FIG. 7 illustrates a flow diagram 700 of a method for influencing a rate of at least one chemical reaction and/or a biological process and/or a phase transition process according to embodiments described herein.

[0407] The method 700 comprises: [0408] providing 702 electromagnetic radiation with a EM source assembly, [0409] guiding 704 the electromagnetic radiation with a guiding device to a magnetic field, the magnetic field being perpendicular to a guiding direction of the electromagnetic radiation, [0410] providing 706 a focus area in which a gravitational signal is outputted upon the interaction of the electromagnetic radiation with the magnetic field, [0411] arranging 708 the probe including the at least one chemical reaction, the at least one biological process and/or the at least one phase transition process at least partially within the focus area.

[0412] The gravitational radiation may be provided at least during a first time.

[0413] The method 700 may further comprise controlling 710 radiation characteristics and/or radiation signal pattern of the gravitational signal by controlling 712 the radiation characteristics and/or the radiation signal pattern of the electromagnetic radiation of the EM source assembly.

[0414] The radiation characteristics of the electromagnetic radiation include [0415] a frequency; [0416] an amplitude; [0417] an intensity; [0418] an energy; [0419] and the radiation signal pattern of the electromagnetic radiation include provision of the electromagnetic radiation [0420] constantly; [0421] in a reoccurring manner; [0422] repeatedly; [0423] pulsed; [0424] periodic or quasi-periodic; [0425] gradually increasing or decreasing; [0426] divided by an arbitrary time series of values.

[0427] FIG. 8 illustrates a flow diagram 800 of a method for influencing a rate of at least one chemical reaction and/or a biological process and/or a phase transition process according to embodiments described herein.

[0428] The method 800 comprising [0429] providing 802 gravitational radiation in the form of gravitational waves with a generator device assembly, in a first focus area, [0430] detecting 804 the gravitational radiation with a feedback sensor assembly arranged at least partially within the first focus area to provide at least one feedback signal, [0431] controlling 806 the provision of gravitational radiation of the generator device assembly in dependence of the at least one feedback signal to controllably influence the rate of the at least one chemical reaction and/or the biological process and/or the phase transition process.