MODIFIED OLIGONUCLEOTIDES AND METHODS OF USE

Abstract

Modified oligonucleotides comprising modifications at the 2 and/or 3 position(s) along with methods of making and use, e.g., against HBV are disclosed.

Claims

1. A chimeric antisense oligonucleotide represented by Formula (A):
5 XYZ 3(A), wherein XYZ is a chimeric oligonucleotide comprising a sequence of 18 to 22 nucleosides, optionally conjugated at the 5 and/or 3 end to a ligand targeting group; X is a domain comprising a sequence of modified nucleosides that is 3-10 nucleosides in length; Z is a domain comprising a sequence of modified nucleosides that is 3-10 nucleosides in length; and Y is a domain comprising a sequence of 2 to 10 2-deoxy-nucleosides linked through thiophosphate intersubunit linkages, each modified nucleoside in the X domain and each modified nucleoside in the Z domain are nucleosides of Formula (1) ##STR00096## wherein R is H or a positively charged counter ion, B is a nucleobase, R.sub.1 is CR.sub.3, CR.sub.2OCR.sub.3, (CR.sub.2).sub.3OCR.sub.3 or (CR.sub.2).sub.1-2CR.sub.3, (CR.sub.2).sub.2OCR.sub.3 or OEt, and R is independently in each instance H or F, wherein the chimeric antisense oligonucleotide comprises a nucleobase sequence that is complementary or hybridizes to a target RNA.

2. The oligonucleotide of claim 1, wherein R is H, R.sub.1 is (CR.sub.2).sub.2OCR.sub.3, and each R is H.

3. The oligonucleotide of claim 1, wherein the X domain and the Z domain each comprise a sequence of modified nucleosides that is 4-6 nucleosides in length.

4. The oligonucleotide of claim 1, wherein R.sub.1 is OEt.

5. The oligonucleotide of claim 1, wherein R.sub.1 is (CH.sub.2).sub.2OCH.sub.3.

6. The oligonucleotide of claim 1, wherein the Y domain sequence comprises 10 nucleosides.

7. The oligonucleotide of claim 6, wherein the X domain and the Z domain each comprise a sequence of modified nucleosides that is 5 nucleosides in length.

8. The oligonucleotide of claim 7, wherein each B is independently selected from the group consisting of adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine, uracil, 5-methylcytosine, 2,6-diaminopurine, and 5-methyluracil.

9. The oligonucleotide of claim 1, wherein the ligand targeting group comprises a GalNAc moiety.

10. The oligonucleotide of claim 1, wherein each B is independently selected from the group consisting of adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine, uracil, 5-methylcytosine, 2,6-diaminopurine, and 5-methyluracil.

11. The oligonucleotide of claim 1, wherein each 2-deoxy-nucleoside of the Y domain has a nucleobase independently selected from the group consisting of adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine, uracil, 5-methylcytosine, 2,6-diaminopurine, and 5-methyluracil.

12. The oligonucleotide of claim 1, wherein the target RNA is viral RNA.

13. The oligonucleotide of claim 1, wherein the oligonucleotide has a nucleobase sequence that is complementary or hybridizes to a target nucleic acid sequence at a higher affinity than an unmodified oligonucleotide of the same sequence.

14. The oligonucleotide of claim 1, wherein the oligonucleotide complexed with the target RNA sequence under physiological conditions has a melting temperature of >37 C.

15. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an oligonucleotide of claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

16. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 15, wherein the composition is formulated for parenteral delivery.

17. A method of treating a subject having a viral infection, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an oligonucleotide of claim 1.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the subject is a human.

19. A method for inhibition of viral gene expression in a cell comprising contacting the cell with an oligonucleotide of claim 1.

20. A method of reducing the level of a virus antigen in a subject infected with the virus, comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of an oligonucleotide of claim 1.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] FIG. 1A shows HBsAg serum levels. FIG. 1B shows HBeAg serum levels. FIG. 1C shows DNA serum levels.

[0015] FIG. 2A show results HBsAg serum levels for a GalNAc conjugated compound of the present disclosure for IV administration. FIG. 2B shows HBsAg serum levels for a GalNAc conjugated compound of the present disclosure for SC administration.

[0016] FIG. 3 shows HBsAg reduction levels for GalNAc conjugated compounds of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 discloses SEQ ID NOS 576-579, respectively, in order of appearance.

[0017] FIGS. 4A-4C show in vivo HBsAg, HBeAg and Serum HBV DNA data in an AAV-HBV mouse model for compounds of the present disclosure. FIG. 4A shows HBsAg serum levels.

[0018] FIG. 4B shows HBeAg serum levels. FIG. 4C shows HBV DNA levels.

[0019] FIGS. 5A-5C show in vivo HBsAg, HBeAg and serum HBV DNA data in an AAV-HBV mouse model for compounds of the present disclosure. FIG. 5A shows HBsAg serum levels.

[0020] FIG. 5B shows HBeAg serum levels. FIG. 5C shows HBV DNA levels.

[0021] FIGS. 6A-6C show in vivo HBsAg, HBeAg and serum HBV DNA data in an AAV-HBV mouse model for compounds of the present disclosure. FIG. 6A shows HBsAg serum levels.

[0022] FIG. 6B shows HBeAg serum levels. FIG. 6C shows HBV DNA levels.

[0023] FIGS. 7A-7B show various compounds of the present disclosure (SEQ ID NOS 580-586, respectively, in order of appearance) and their respective complimentary sites for the HBV (+) strand genome.

[0024] FIG. 8 shows HBsAg level in serum for two oligonucleotides described in Table 29.

[0025] FIG. 9A shows HBsAg level in serum for two oligonucleotides described in Table 30.

[0026] FIG. 9B shows HBeAg level in serum for two oligonucleotides described in Table 30.

[0027] FIG. 10A shows HBsAg level in serum for two oligonucleotides described in Table 31.

[0028] FIG. 10B shows HBeAg level in serum for two oligonucleotides described in Table 31.

[0029] FIG. 11A shows HBsAg level in serum for oligonucleotides described in Table 33 as a single dose. FIG. 11B shows HBsAg level in serum for oligonucleotides described in Table 33 for a dosing regimen of 33.3 mg/kg on Days 0, 2, 4.

[0030] FIG. 12A shows HBsAg level in serum for oligonucleotides described in Table 37 as a single dose. FIG. 12B shows HBsAg level in serum for oligonucleotides described in Table 38 as a single dose. FIG. 12C shows HBsAg level in serum for oligonucleotides described in Table 40 as a single dose.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present disclosure is directed to modified nucleotides and oligonucleotides comprising the modified nucleotides and modified linkages between nucleotides. The present disclosure is also directed to constructs of the oligonucleotides, which include domains, regions or portions within the oligonucleotide having common features and additional components conjugated to the oligonucleotide such as targeting moieties. The present disclosure is further directed to methods of using and preparing the oligonucleotides and their constructs.

[0032] As known in the art and as set forth in the present disclosure, a modified nucleotide is any nucleotide that is not a deoxyribonucleotide. For example, the 2 carbon of the deoxyribose may be substituted by a substituent other than the hydroxy (OH); the 3 carbon of the deoxyribose may be substituted by a substituent other than the oxygen atom (O). As known in the art and as set forth in the present disclosure, a modified linkage between two nucleotides is any linkage that is not a phosphodiester bond between the 3 carbon of the deoxyribose of the first nucleotide and the 5 carbon of the deoxyribose of the second nucleotide.

1. 2, 3-MODIFIED NUCLEOTIDES AND RELATED OLIGONUCLEOTIDES

[0033] Compounds of the present disclosure include modified nucleotides with particular 2 and 3 modifications. In embodiments, compounds of the present disclosure include replacement of the hydroxy, or substitution, at the 2 carbon of the deoxyribose sugar. In addition, these compounds of the present disclosure include modifications of the linkage between two nucleosides, which includes replacement of the oxygen atom, or substitution, with a nitrogen atom (N) at the 3 carbon of the deoxyribose sugar. Modifications of the linkage further include replacement of another oxygen atom, or substitution, in the phosphodiester bond.

[0034] These modified nucleotides may be used, e.g., in oligonucleotides such as chimeric oligonucleotides allowing for enzymatic cleavage of the genetic target by RNase H or modified antisense oligonucleotides.

[0035] A. 2, 3-Modified Nucleotides

[0036] Accordingly, compounds of the present disclosure include nucleotides of Formula (I):

##STR00008##

wherein R is H or a positively charged counter ion, B is independently in each instance a natural or an unmodified nucleobase or a modified nucleobase, R.sub.1 is (CR.sub.2).sub.2OCR.sub.3, and R is independently in each instance H or F.

[0037] In nucleotides of Formula (I), R.sub.1 is (CR.sub.2).sub.2OCR.sub.3. In some embodiments, R is H in each instance. In other embodiments, at least one R is F, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 R's are F. In some embodiments, CR.sub.3 contains 1, 2 or 3 F moieties. For example, in embodiments, R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of CH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCH.sub.3 (or MOE), CF.sub.2CH.sub.2OCH.sub.3, CH.sub.2CF.sub.2OCH.sub.3, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCF.sub.3, CF.sub.2CF.sub.2OCH.sub.3, CH.sub.2CF.sub.2OCF.sub.3, CF.sub.2CH.sub.2OCF.sub.3, CF.sub.2CF.sub.2OCF.sub.3, CHFCH.sub.2OCH.sub.3, CHFCHFOCH.sub.3, CHFCH.sub.2OCFH.sub.2, CHFCH.sub.2OCHF.sub.2 and CH.sub.2CHFOCH.sub.3.

[0038] In embodiments, the nucleotide of Formula I is:

##STR00009##

[0039] In embodiments, compounds of the present disclosure include at least one nucleotide of Formula (I) and at least one nucleotide of Formula (II):

##STR00010##

wherein Y is S or O, R is H or a positively charged counter ion, B is a nucleobase, R.sub.2 is CR.sub.3, CR.sub.2OCR.sub.3, (CR.sub.2).sub.3OCR.sub.3 or (CR.sub.2).sub.1-2CR.sub.3, or R.sub.2 is (CR.sub.2).sub.2OCR.sub.3 and Y is O and R is independently in each instance H or F.

[0040] In the nucleotide of Formula (II), R.sub.2 is CR.sub.3, (CR.sub.2).sub.1-3OCR.sub.3, or (CR.sub.2).sub.1-2CR.sub.3. In some embodiments, R.sub.2 is-CR.sub.3 or CR.sub.2CR.sub.3. In some embodiments, R is H in each instance. In other embodiments, at least one R is F, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 R's are F. In some embodiments, CR.sub.3 contains 1, 2 or 3 F moieties. For example, in embodiments, R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of CH.sub.3 (or Me), CFH.sub.2, CHF.sub.2, CF.sub.3, CH.sub.2OCH.sub.3, CFH.sub.2OCH.sub.3, CHF.sub.2OCH.sub.3, CF.sub.3OCH.sub.3, CH.sub.2OCFH.sub.2, CH.sub.2OCHF.sub.2, CH.sub.2OCF.sub.3, CFH.sub.2OCH.sub.3, CFH.sub.2OCFH.sub.2, CFH.sub.2OCHF.sub.2, CFH.sub.2OCF.sub.3, CHF.sub.2OCH.sub.3, CHF.sub.2OCFH.sub.2, CHF.sub.2OCHF.sub.2, CHF.sub.2OCF.sub.3, (CR.sub.2).sub.3OCR.sub.3, CH.sub.2CH.sub.3 (or Et), CFH.sub.2CH.sub.3, CHF.sub.2CH.sub.3, CF.sub.3CH.sub.3, CH.sub.2CFH.sub.2, CH.sub.2CHF.sub.2, CH.sub.2CF.sub.3, CFH.sub.2CH.sub.3, CFH.sub.2CFH.sub.2, CFH.sub.2CHF.sub.2, CFH.sub.2CF.sub.3, CHF.sub.2CH.sub.3, CHF.sub.2CFH.sub.2, CHF.sub.2CHF.sub.2, CHF.sub.2CF.sub.3, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.3, CF.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.3, CH.sub.2CF.sub.2CH.sub.3, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CF 3, CF.sub.2CF.sub.2CH.sub.3, CH.sub.2CF.sub.2CF.sub.3, CF.sub.2CH.sub.2CF.sub.3, CF.sub.2CF.sub.2CF.sub.3, CHFCH.sub.2CH.sub.3, CHFCHFOCH.sub.3, CHFCH.sub.2CFH.sub.2, CHFCH.sub.2CHF.sub.2 and CH.sub.2CHFCH.sub.3. In embodiments, R.sub.1 is CH.sub.3 (or Me) or CH.sub.2CH.sub.3 (or Et). In embodiments, the nucleotides of Formula II are selected from the group consisting of

##STR00011##

[0041] In compounds of Formulae (I) or (II), Y may be O or S. In some embodiments, Y is S in at least one instance (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 etc.). In other embodiments, Y is S in at least one instance and O in at least another instance. In other embodiments, Y is S in each instance. In some embodiments, Y is O in at least one instance (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 etc.).

[0042] The disclosed oligonucleotides comprise at least one nucleotide of Formula (I). In embodiments, the disclosed oligonucleotides comprise 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 nucleotides of Formula (I). In embodiments, the disclosed oligonucleotides comprise 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 nucleotides of Formula (II). In some embodiments, the oligonucleotide comprises from 2 to 40 nucleotides, for example, 8 to 26 nucleotides or integers there between.

[0043] In embodiments where more than one nucleotide of Formula (I) are included, the nucleotide may be the same or different. In some embodiments one or more nucleotides of Formula (II) are included, and may be the same or different. For example, in some embodiments, the oligonucleotide comprises at least one nucleotide of Formula (I) and at least one nucleotide of Formula (II). In some embodiments, the oligonucleotide comprises at least one nucleotide of Formula (I), wherein at least one R.sub.1 is MOE and at least one nucleotide of Formula (II), wherein R.sub.2 is Me or Et. In some embodiments, the oligonucleotide comprises at least 2 alternating nucleotides of Formula (I) and Formula (II). For example, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 nucleotides with alternating 2 modification (e.g., Me-MOE-Me-MOE . . . or Et-MOE-Et-MOE-Et-MOE . . . ).

[0044] In some embodiments, the nucleotide of Formula (I) and/or Formula (II) is represented by the following:

##STR00012##

[0045] In some embodiments, the oligonucleotide comprising the nucleotide of Formula (I) further comprises a 2-fluoronucleotide of the Formula (IIIa) and/or (IIIb):

##STR00013##

wherein Y is S or O, R is H or a positively charged counter ion, and B is a nucleobase.

[0046] In some embodiments, the oligonucleotide comprises at least 4 alternating nucleotides of Formulae (I) and (IIIa). For example, the oligonucleotide comprises 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 alternating nucleotides.

[0047] Certain embodiments include an oligonucleotide comprising 4-40 nucleotides, and comprising Formula (IV):

##STR00014##

wherein Y is S or O, R is H or a positively charged counter ion, B is a nucleobase, R.sub.1 is (CR.sub.2).sub.2OCR.sub.3, R.sub.2 is selected from OCR.sub.3, OCR.sub.2OCR.sub.3, O(CR.sub.2).sub.3OCR.sub.3 or O(CR.sub.2).sub.1-2CR.sub.3 and F, R is independently in each instance H or F, and a is an integer of 1-10 and b is an integer from 1-10, where the to 20, e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20.

[0048] Compounds of the present disclosure include compounds comprising the following Formula (III):

##STR00015##

wherein Y is S or O, R is H or a positively charged counter ion, and B is independently in each instance a natural or an unmodified nucleobase or a modified nucleobase; and optionally comprising one or more of formula (I), (II), and/or (IV).

[0049] The nucleobases, B, of the nucleotides of Formulae (I), (II), (IIIa), (IIIb), (IV) and (V) may each independently be a natural or an unmodified nucleobase or a modified nucleobase. In some embodiments, the modified nucleotides include 2,6-diaminopurine nucleobases, but optionally not adenine. In some embodiments, the modified nucleotides include 5-methyluracil nucleobases, but optionally not uracil. In some embodiments, the modified nucleotides include 2,6-diaminopurine nucleobases, but not adenine and 5-methyluracil nucleobases, but optionally not uracil.

[0050] Y in each nucleotide of Formulae (II), (IIIa), (IIIb), (IV) and (V) may be independently 0 or S. In some embodiments, Y is S in at least one instance (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 etc.). In other embodiments, Y is S in at least one instance and O in at least another instance. In other embodiments, Y is S in each instance. In some embodiments, Y is O in at least one instance (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 etc.).

[0051] In embodiments where more than one nucleotide of each of Formulae (I), (II), (IIIa), (IIIb), (IV) and (V) are included, the more than one nucleotides such Formulae may be the same or different. For example, in some embodiments, the nucleotide comprises at least one nucleotide of Formula (II), (III), (IV), (V) and/or (V) in addition to at least one nucleotide of Formula (I). In some embodiments, the nucleotide comprises at least 2 alternating nucleotides of Formula (I) and/or Formula (II) and/or (III) and/or (IV), (V) and/or (V). For example, disclosed oligonucleotides may include 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 nucleotides with alternating 2 modifications.

[0052] In embodiments, the nucleotides of the oligonucleotide are selected from the group consisting of:

##STR00016##

[0053] where B can be any natural or modified base.

[0054] Compounds of the present disclosure include compounds comprising the following Formula (V):

##STR00017##

wherein Y is S or O, R is H or a positively charged counter ion, B is independently in each instance a natural or an unmodified nucleobase or a modified nucleobase, A is (CRR).sub.1-2 and R is independently in each instance H, F or Me, and optionally comprising one or more of Formulae (I), (II), (III), (IV) or (V).

[0055] In the compound comprising formula (V), A is (CRR).sub.1-2. In some embodiments, A is (CRR) in other embodiments, A is (CRR).sub.2. R is independently in each instance H or Me. In some embodiments, one R is Me and remaining are H. In other embodiments, all R are H.

[0056] In some embodiments, when A is CH.sub.2, then Y is S. In other embodiments, when A is CH.sub.2CH.sub.2, then Y is O or S. In some embodiments, A is CH.sub.2CH(Me) or CH(Me) and Y is O or S.

[0057] In the compound comprising formula (V), Y is O or S. In some embodiments, Y is S in at least one instance (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 etc.). In other embodiments, Y is S in at least one instance and O in at least another instance. In other embodiments, Y is S in each instance. In some embodiments, Y is O in at least one instance (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 etc.).

[0058] The compound of Formula (V) (and optionally Formulae (I), (II), (III), (IV), (V) and/or (V) may be part of an oligonucleotide. In some embodiments, the compound comprising Formula (IV) (and optionally Formulae (I), (II), (III), (IV), (V) and/or (V)) is an oligonucleotide comprising 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 nucleotides of Formula (V) (and Formulae (I), (II), (III), (IV), (V) and/or (V)). In some embodiments, the oligonucleotide comprises from 2 to 40 nucleotides, for example, 8 to 26 nucleotides or integers there between.

[0059] In embodiments where more than one nucleotides of Formula (V) are included, the more than one nucleotides of Formula (V) may be the same or different. In some embodiments one or more nucleotides of Formulae (I), (II), (III), (IV), (V) and/or (V) are included, and may be the same or different. For example, in some embodiments, the nucleotide comprises at least one nucleotide of Formula (V) and at least one nucleotide of Formulae (I), (II), (III), (IV), (V) and/or (V). In some embodiments, the nucleotide comprises at least 2 alternating nucleotides of Formula (V) and Formula (I) and/or (II). For example, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 nucleotides with alternating 2 modification.

[0060] In some embodiments, the nucleotide comprising the nucleotide of Formula (V) (and optionally Formulae (I), (II), (III), (IV), (V) and/or (V)) further comprises a 2-fluoronucleotide of the following structures:

##STR00018##

[0061] where Y, R and B are the same as for Formula (I). In some embodiments, the nucleotide comprises at least 4 alternating nucleotides of Formula (V) and 2-fluoronucleotides.

[0062] Compounds of the present disclosure include compounds comprising the following Formula (V):

##STR00019##

wherein Y is S or O, R is H or a positively charged counter ion, and B is independently in each instance a natural or an unmodified nucleobase or a modified nucleobase; and optionally comprising one or more of formula (I), (II), (III), (IV) and/or (V).

[0063] B. Chimeric Oligonucleotides

[0064] The present disclosure is directed to constructs of oligonucleotides, which include domains, regions or portions within the oligonucleotide having common features.

[0065] Oligonucleotides having these domains are referred to herein as chimeric oligonucleotides. In some embodiments, chimeric oligonucleotides are represented by Formula (VI):

5-XYZ-3(VI),

wherein the chimeric oligonucleotide comprises a sequence of 14 to 22 nucleosides, wherein X is a domain comprising a sequence of modified nucleotides that is 3-10 nucleotides in length; Z is a domain comprising a sequence of modified nucleotides that is 3-10 nucleosides in length; and Y is a domain comprising a sequence of 2-10 2-deoxy-nucleotides, or unmodified nucleotides. Each of the nucleosides in each of the domains is linked through intersubunit linkages.

[0066] In some embodiments, chimeric oligonucleotides are represented by Formula (VI):

5-XYZ-3(VI),

wherein the chimeric oligonucleotide comprises a sequence of 14 to 22 nucleosides, wherein X is a domain comprising a sequence of modified nucleotides that is 2-10 nucleotides in length; Z is a domain comprising a sequence of modified nucleotides that is 2-10 nucleosides in length; and Y is a domain comprising a sequence of 6-14 2-deoxy-nucleotides, or unmodified nucleotides. Each of the nucleosides in each of the domains is linked through intersubunit linkages.

[0067] Nucleotides of formula (I), (II), (IIIa), (IIIb), (IV), (V) and/or (V) may be present in the X and/or Z domain. Chimeric oligonucleotide may be conjugated at the 5 and/or 3 end to a ligand-targeting group or a pharmacophore.

[0068] In some embodiments, the Y domain contains 2deoxy-nucleosides linked by thiophosphate intersubunit linkages. In embodiments, the Y domain contains 2deoxy-nucleosides linked by at least one phosphodiester intersubunit linkage. In embodiments, the Y domain contains 2deoxy-nucleosides linked by two phosphodiester intersubunit linkages. In embodiments, the Y domain contains 2deoxy-nucleosides linked by thiophosphate intersubunit linkages and one or two phosphodiester intersubunit linkages. In some embodiments, the Y domain is 6 to 10 nucleotides in length.

[0069] In some embodiments, the X domain comprises nucleotides of formulae (I), (II), (IIIa), (IIIb), (IV), (V) and/or (V). In some embodiments, the X domain comprises modified nucleotides where the modification is independently selected from 2-OMe, 2-OEt, 2-O-methoxyethoxy, and conformationally restricted nucleotides. In some embodiments, the X domain is 9 or 10 nucleotides in length.

[0070] In some embodiments, the Z domain comprises nucleotides of formulae (I), (II), (IIIa), (IIIb), (IV), (V) and/or (V). In some embodiments, the Z domain comprises 2 modified nucleotides where the modification is 2-OMe, 2-OEt or 2-MOE. In some embodiments, the Z domain is 9 or 10 nucleotides in length.

[0071] In embodiments, the chimeric oligonucleotide comprises a sequence of 14 to 22 nucleotides. For example, the oligonucleotide may include 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 or 22 nucleotides.

[0072] In embodiments, X is a domain consisting of a sequence containing one or more modified nucleotides that is 3-10 nucleotides in length; Z is a domain consisting of a sequence containing one or more modified nucleotides that is 3-10 nucleotides in length; and Y is a domain consisting of a sequence of 2 to 10 2-deoxy-nucleosides linked through thiophosphate intersubunit linkages and optionally one or two phosphodiester intersubunit linkages. In some embodiments, X is 5-9, Y is 6-10 and Z is 5-9. In some embodiments, the number of nucleotides in each of X, Y and Z, respectively is: 6/6/6, 6/6/7, 6/6/8, 6/7/6, 6/7/7, 6/7/8, 6/8/6, 6/8/7, 6/8/8, 3/10/3, 4/10/4, 5/10/5, 5/10/6, 2/12/2, 3/12/3, 2/14/2, 5/9/5, 5/9/6, 5/8/5, 5/8/6, 5/8/7, 7/5/7, 7/5/8, 7/5/9, 7/6/6, 7/6/7, 7/6/8, 7/6/9, 7/7/6, 7/7/7, 7/7/8, 7/7/9, 7/5/7, 7/5/8, 7/5/9, 7/4/7, 7/4/8, 7/4/9, 8/4/7, 8/4/8, 8/4/9, 7/3/7, 7/3/8, 7/3/9, 8/3/7, 8/3/8, 8/3/9, 8/3/10, 9/3/7, 9/3/8, 9/3/9, 9/3/10, 8/2/7, 8/2/8, 8/2/9, 8/2/10, 9/2/7, 9/2/8, 9/2/9, 9/2/10, 10/2/8, 10/2/9, 10/2/10. The X domain and the Z domain each, respectively, comprise a sequence of modified nucleotides, where the domain is 4-10 nucleotides in length. For example, the X domain and/or Z domain may comprise a sequence of 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 nucleotides. One or more of these nucleotides is modified (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10). For example, in some embodiments, all the nucleotides in each of the X domain and/or Z domain are modified.

[0073] The nucleotides of the X and Z domains may be modified according to Formulae (I), (II), (IIIa), (IIIb), (IV), (V) and/or (V) with respect to one or more of their nucleobases, the 2 and/or 3 positions on the ribose sugar and their intersubunit linkages. Embodiments include wherein the 2 position is modified with an F (ribo or arabino) and the 3 position is O or NH. Embodiments also include wherein the 2 position is modified with an OMe and the 3 position is O or NH. Embodiments include wherein the 2 position is modified with an F (ribo or arabino) as well as Me or OMe, and the 3 position is O or NH. Embodiments include wherein the 2 position is modified with an F (ribo or arabino) and the 3 position is O or NH. Embodiments include wherein the 2 position is modified with an O-methoxyethoxy and the 3 position is O or NH. Embodiments also include wherein the 2 position is modified with an F (ribo or arabino) and the 3 position is O or NH. Embodiments include wherein the 2 and 4 positions are modified bridging group (as described elsewhere herein) to form a conformationally restricted nucleotide and the 3 position is O or NH. Each of these embodiments may include thiophosphate (or thiophosphoramidate depending on the 3 substitution) and phosphoramidate intersubunit linkages.

[0074] Embodiments also include where the 2 position is H, and the 3 position is NH. Each of these embodiments may include thiophosphoramidate and/or phosphoramidate intersubunit linkages.

[0075] In some embodiments, the modified nucleotides of the X domain and the Z domain each, respectively, include a modification independently selected from at least one of 2-F, 2-FN3.fwdarw.P5, 2-OMe, 2-OMe-N3 .fwdarw.P5, 2-O-methoxyethoxy, 2-O-methoxyethoxy-N3 conformationally restricted nucleotides.

[0076] In some embodiments, the modified nucleotide contains a nucleoside represented by the following Formula (A):

##STR00020##

wherein A is independently in each instance NH or O, B is independently in each instance a natural or an unmodified nucleobase or a modified nucleobase, and R and R are each independently in each instance selected from H, F, OH, OMe, OEt, O-methoxyethoxy, and R is H, or R and R together form a 2-4 atom bridge to form a conformationally restricted nucleoside (e.g., OCH.sub.2, OCH(Me)-, or O(CH.sub.2).sub.2).

[0077] In some embodiments, R is selected from F, OH, OMe, OEt, O-methoxyethoxy; R is H and F; and R is H, Me or OMe. In other embodiments, R and R are H; and R is selected from F, OMe, OEt and O-methoxyethoxy. In some embodiments, A is NH in each instance.

[0078] Some embodiments include one or more modified nucleosides represented by Formula (A), wherein A is NH; B is a G-clamp; R is F or OMe and R is H; or R is H and R is H or F; and R is H.

[0079] Some embodiments include one or more modified nucleosides represented by Formula (A), wherein A is NH; B is an unmodified or modified nucleobase; R and R together form a conformationally restricted nucleoside (e.g., OCH.sub.2, OCH(Me)-, or O(CH.sub.2).sub.2); and R is H. In some embodiments, B is an unmodified or a modified nucleobase selected from the group consisting of 5-methylcytosine, 2,6-diaminopurine, and 5-methyluracil.

[0080] Some embodiments include one or more modified nucleosides represented by Formula (A), wherein A is NH; B is an unmodified or modified nucleobase; R is F or OMe, R is H and R is H.

[0081] Some embodiments include one or more modified nucleosides represented by Formula (A), wherein A is NH; B is an unmodified or modified nucleobase; R is H, R is F and R is H.

[0082] In some embodiments, the X and Z domains are represented by the Formula (Ix):

##STR00021##

wherein W is independently in each instance OR or SR, where R is H or a positively charged counter ion; R, R, R, A and B are as described for Formula (A). In other embodiments, A is O and R, R are independently H or OEt, where at least one of R, R is OEt.

[0083] For example, the nucleotides of X and/or Z may include one or more of the nucleotides in Table A in addition to at least one nucleotide in each of the X and Z domains where A is NH, W is S, and R is MOE.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE A [00022] Nucleotide No. R R R A W 1 F H H NH S 2 F H H NH O 3 F H H O S 4 F H H O O 5 H F H NH S 6 H F H NH O 7 H F H O S 8 H F H O O 9 OMe H H NH S 10 OMe H H NH O 11 OMe H H O S 12 OMe H H O O 13 H F H NH S 14 H F H NH O 15 H F H O S 16 H F H O O 17 O-methoxyethoxy H H NH S 18 O-methoxyethoxy H H NH O 19 O-methoxyethoxy H H O S 20 O-methoxyethoxy H H O O 21 H H H NH S 22 H H H NH 0 23 OH H H NH S 24 OH H H NH O 25 OH H H O S 26 H OH H NH O 27 H OH H NH S 28 H OEt H NH O 29 H OEt H NH S 30 H OEt H O O 31 H OEt H O S 32 OEt H H NH O 33 OEt H H NH S 34 OEt H H O O 35 OEt H H O S [00023] Nucleotide No. C A W 36 OCH.sub.2 NH S 37 OCH.sub.2 NH O 38 OCH.sub.2 O S 39 OCH.sub.2 O O 40 O(CH.sub.2).sub.2 NH S 41 O(CH.sub.2).sub.2 NH O 42 O(CH.sub.2).sub.2 O S 43 O(CH.sub.2).sub.2 O O 44 OCH(Me) NH S 45 OCH(Me) NH O 46 OCH(Me) O S 47 OCH(Me) O O

[0084] In some embodiments, the X domain and Z domain each independently comprise two, three or more different nucleotides 1-47.

[0085] The nucleosides of the X domain are linked through intersubunit linkages, for example, N3.fwdarw.P5 phosphoramidate, N3.fwdarw.P5 thiophosphoramidate, thiophosphate, phosphodiester intersubunit linkages or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the X domain is linked through intersubunit linkages selected from N3.fwdarw.P5 phosphoramidate, N3.fwdarw.P5 thiophosphoramidate, and combinations thereof.

[0086] The X domain of the chimeric oligonucleotide may include a certain arrangement of modified nucleotides. For example, in some embodiments, the X domain comprises one or more conformationally restricted nucleotides. Conformationally restricted nucleotides can include BNA, such as, LNA and ENA. (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 conformationally restricted nucleotides). In some embodiments, the X domain comprises one or more 2-F and/or 2-OMe modified nucleotides. In some embodiments, the X domain comprises alternating conformationally restricted nucleotides, e.g., every other nucleotide is a conformationally restricted nucleotide. In some embodiments, the X domain comprises one or more 2-F and/or 2OMe modified nucleotide (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 2-F and/or 2-OMe modified nucleotides). In some embodiments, the X domain comprises alternating 2-F and 2-OMe modified nucleotides. In embodiments, the X domain comprises 2-F or 2-OMe and conformationally restricted nucleotides, for example, in an alternating sequence.

[0087] The Y domain comprises a sequence of 2 to 14 2-deoxynucleotides. For example, the Y domain may comprise a sequence of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 14 2-deoxynucleotides. One or more of the 2-deoxynucleosides may be linked through thiophosphate intersubunit linkages (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 14 thiophosphate intersubunit linkages). In some embodiments, each of the 2-deoxynucleosides is linked through a thiophosphate intersubunit linkage. In some embodiments, the Y domain comprises at least one phosphodiester intersubunit linkage (e.g., 1, 2 or 3 phosphodiester intersubunit linkages). In other embodiments, the Y domain consists of 2-deoxy-nucleosides linked through thiophosphate intersubunit linkages, and optionally one or two phosphodiester intersubunit linkages.

[0088] In embodiments, the Y domain comprises nucleotides that induce RNase H cleavage.

[0089] In some embodiments, the 2-deoxynucleoside linked through a thiophosphate intersubunit linkage may be represented by the following Formula (B):

##STR00024##

where B is independently in each instance an unmodified or modified nucleobase. In some embodiments, B is an unmodified or a modified nucleobase selected from the group consisting of 5-methylcytosine, 2,6-diaminopurine, and 5-methyluracil.

[0090] In other embodiments, the 2-deoxynucleoside linked through a thiophosphate intersubunit linkage comprises a modified 2-deoxynucleoside, which may be modified in the same manner as in the X and Z domain. For example, the modified 2-deoxynucleoside linked through a thiophosphate intersubunit linkage may be represented by the following Formula (C):

##STR00025##

wherein B is independently in each instance an unmodified or modified nucleobase, and R and R are each independently in each instance selected from H, F, Cl, OH, OMe, Me, 0-methoxyethoxy, or R and R together form a 2-4 atom bridge to form a conformationally restricted nucleoside. In some embodiments, B is an unmodified or a modified nucleobase selected from the group consisting of 5-methylcytosine, 2,6-diaminopurine, and 5-methyluracil.

[0091] The Z domain comprises a sequence of modified nucleotides, where the Z domain is 4-10 nucleotides in length. For example, the Z domain may comprise a sequence of 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 nucleotides. One or more of these nucleotides is modified (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 or 22). For example, in some embodiments, all the nucleotides in the Z domain are modified.

[0092] The modified nucleotides of the Z domain include, for example, a modification independently selected from at least one of 2-F, 2-FN3-P5, 2-OMe, 2-OMe-N3-P5, 2-OEt-N3.fwdarw.P5, 2-O-methoxyethoxy, 2-O-methoxyethoxy-N3.fwdarw.P5, conformationally restricted nucleotides, 2-OHN3.fwdarw.P5 thiophosphoramidate and 2-OHN3.fwdarw.P5 phosphoramidate.

[0093] In some embodiments, the modified nucleotide may include a nucleoside represented by Formula (A).

[0094] The nucleotides of the Z domain are linked through intersubunit linkages, for example, N3.fwdarw.P5 phosphoramidate, N3.fwdarw.P5 thiophosphoramidate, thiophosphate or phosphodiester intersubunit linkages. In some embodiments, the Z domain is linked through N3.fwdarw.P5 phosphoramidate, N3.fwdarw.P5 thiophosphoramidate, intersubunit linkages, and combinations thereof.

[0095] The Z domain of the chimeric oligonucleotide may include a certain arrangement of modified nucleotides. For example, in some embodiments, the Z domain comprises one or more (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, or more) conformationally restricted nucleotides (e.g., BNA, such as, LNA, ENA, each of which may be optionally substituted). In some embodiments, the Z domain comprises alternating conformationally restricted nucleotides, e.g., every other nucleotide is a conformationally restricted nucleotide (e.g., BNA, such as, LNA, ENA, each of which may be optionally substituted). In some embodiments, the Z domain comprises one or more (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, or more) 2-F and/or 2-OMe modified nucleotide. For example, some embodiments include where the Z domain comprises alternating 2-F and 2-OMe modified nucleotides, or the Z domain comprises alternating 2-F or 2-OMe and conformationally restricted nucleotides.

[0096] In some embodiments, the modified nucleotides of Formula (VI) or (VI) include 5-methylcytosine nucleobases, but not cytosine. In some embodiments, the modified nucleotides of Formula (VI) or (VI) include 2,6-diaminopurine nucleobases, but not adenine. In some embodiments, the modified nucleotides of Formula (VI) or (VI) include 5-methyluracil nucleobases, but not uracil. In some embodiments, the modified nucleotides of Formula (VI) or (VI) include 2-OMe and conformationally restricted nucleotides, and are linked through thiophosphate intersubunit linkages, and the modified nucleotides include 5-methylcytosine nucleobases, but not cytosine. In some embodiments, the modified nucleotides of Formula (VI) or (VI) include the 2-OMe modified nucleotides with 5-methyluracil nucleobases, but not uracil.

[0097] In certain embodiments, the chimeric oligonucleotide represented by Formula (VI) or (VI) is arranged according to at least one of the constructs of Table B where at least one intersubunit linkage in the X and Z domains is an NPS linkage.

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE B X Domain Y Domain Z Domain Number Intersubunit Nucleobase Number Intersubunit Number Intersubunit Nucleobase of Nucs Linkages Substitutions of Nucs Linkages Nucleobase of Nucs Linkages Substitutions 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 2 ps A, G, C, T, 11 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 2 ps A, G, C, T, 10 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 2 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 2 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clam, DAP clamp, DAP 10 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 2 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 3 ps A, G, C, T, 10 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 3 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 3 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 3 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 10 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 3 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 4 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 4 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 4 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 4 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 10 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 4 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 5 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 5 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 5 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 5 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 5 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 6 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 6 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 6 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 6 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 10 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 6 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 6 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 6 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 6 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 6 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 10 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 6 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 6 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 6 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 6 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 6 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 10 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 6 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 7 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 7 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 7 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 7 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 10 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 7 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 7 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 7 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 7 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 7 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 10 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 7 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 7 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 7 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 7 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 7 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 10 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 7 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 8 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 9 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 10 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 10 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 10 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 10 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 10 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 11 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 10 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 10 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 10 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 12 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 10 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 10 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 10 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 13 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 10 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 10 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 2 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 3 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 10 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 4 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 9 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 5 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 7 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP 6 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, 14 ps A, G, C, T, 8 np, nps, ps, A, G, C, T, U, PO DAP, 5 meC, U PO DAP, 5 meC, 5 meU, G 5 meU, G clamp, DAP clamp, DAP

[0098] In Table B, the nucleotides in each of the X and Z domains can be one or more of the numbered nucleotides in Table A. In some embodiments, the chimeric oligonucleotides of Table B include at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or more of the modified nucleotides in Table A. In some embodiments, all of the nucleotides of X and/or Z are modified nucleotides. In some embodiments, the nucleotides in Table B are selected from certain modified nucleotides listed in Table A such as nucleotide numbers 1-4 or 5-8 or 9-12 or 13-16 or 17-20 or 21-24 or 25-28 or 29-30 or 31-32 or 33. In some embodiments the nucleotides in Table B are selected from certain modified nucleotides listed in Table A such as nucleotide numbers 9-12 and 21-28, or 9-12 and 21-24, or 1-4 and 21-28, or 1-4 and 21-24, or 5-8 and 21-28, or 5-8 and 21-24. In some embodiments, the nucleotides in Table B are selected from one or two or three modified nucleotides listed in Table A such as nucleotide numbers 29-31 or 31-32 or 33. In some embodiments, the nucleotides in Table B are selected from certain modified nucleotides listed in Table A such as nucleotide numbers 29 or 31 or 33. The nucleotides in the Y domain of Table B can include nucleotides of Formula B.

[0099] In some embodiments, the oligonucleotide of Table B is conjugated at the 5 and/or 3 end to a ligand-targeting group or a pharmacophore.

[0100] In some embodiments, the nucleotide compounds of the present disclosure include one of the following sequence: 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGUGC-3 (SEQ ID NO: 159), or other sequences in Table H (below).

[0101] In some embodiments, the oligonucleotide comprises a sequence in Table C. In table C, X is independently in each instance a natural or an unmodified nucleobase or a modified nucleobase. In some embodiments, each X is independently selected from A, C, G, U, T, 2,6-diaminopurine, a 5-Me pyrimidine (e.g., 5-methylcytosine, 5-methyluracil), and a g-clamp.

TABLE-US-00003 TABLEC ModifiedSequence(5-3) 5-mXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmX-3 5-mXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXps- Chol-3 5-mXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmX- GalNAc-3 5-mXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmX-3 5-mXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmX- Chol-3 5-mXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmX- GalNAc-3 5-mXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXps mX 5-mXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXps mX-Chol-3 5-mXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXps mX-GalNAc-3 5-XnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnps-3-NH.sub.2-X-3 5-XnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnps-3-NH.sub.2-X-3 5-XnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnps-3-NH.sub.2-X-3 5-XnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnps-3-NH.sub.2-X-3 5-XnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnps-3-NH.sub.2-X-3 5-XnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXpsXpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnps-3 NH.sub.2-X-3 5-XnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXpsXpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnps-3 NH.sub.2-X-3 5-XnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXpsXpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnps-3 NH.sub.2-X-3 5-XnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXpsXpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnps-3 NH.sub.2-X-3 5-XnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXpsXpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnps-3 NH.sub.2-X-3 5-XnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXpsXpsXpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnps-3 NH.sub.2-X-3 5-XnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXpsXpsXpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnps-3 NH.sub.2-X-3 5-XnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXpsXpsXpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnps-3 NH.sub.2-X-3 5-XnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXpsXpsXpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnps-3 NH.sub.2-X-3 5-XnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnps-3NH.sub.2- X-3 5-XnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnps-3NH.sub.2- X-3 5-XnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnps-3NH.sub.2-X- 3 5-XnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnpsXnps-3-NH.sub.2- X-3 5-mXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmX-3 5-mXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmeXpsmX- GalNAc-3 5-mXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpoGalNAc-3 5-mXpsmXpsmXpsmXmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpoGalNAc-3 5-mXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpoGalNAc- 3 5-mXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpoGalNAc- 3 5-fXnpsfXnpsfXnpsfXnpsfXnpsfXnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsfXnpsfXnpsfXnpsfXnpsfXnpsfXnpsfXnps- 3-NH.sub.2-fX-3 5-fXnpsfXnpsfXnpsfXnpsfXnpsfXnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsfXnpsfXnpsfXnpsfXnpsfXnpsfXnps- 3-NH.sub.2-fX-3 5-fXnpsfXnpsfXnpsfXnpsfXnpsfXnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsfXnpsfXnpsfXnpsfXnpsfXnps-3- NH.sub.2-fX-3 5-XnpXnpXnpXnpXnpXnpXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXnpXnpXnpXnpXnpXnpXnp-3NH.sub.2-X-3 5-XnpsfXnpsfXnpsXnpsfXnpsXnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsfXnpsXnpsfXnpsfXnpsXnpsfXnpsXnps-3 NH.sub.2-fX-3 5-XnpfXnpfXnpXnpfXnpXnpXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsfXnpXnpfXnpfXnpXnpfXnpXnp-3NH.sub.2-fX-3 5-XnpsXfXnpsXfXnpsXnspXfXnpsXnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXfXnpsXnpsXfXnpsXfXnpsXnpsXfXnpsXnpsXfX- 3 5-XnpXfXnpXfXnpXnpXfXnpXnpXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXfXnpXnpXfXnpXfXnpXnpXfXnpXnpXfX-3 5-XnpXfXnpXfXnpXnpXfXnpXnpXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXnpXfXnpXfXnpXnpXfXnpXnpXfX-3 5-mXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmX- GalNAc-3 5-mXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmX 3 5-mXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmX 3 5-mXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmeXpsmX 3 5-mXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmeXpsm X3 5-mXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmX3 5-mXpsmXpsmXpsmXmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmX3 5-mXpsmXpsmXpsmXmXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmX 3 5-GalNAc-NHC6- psmXpsm5meXpsm5meXpsmXpsm5meXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXps5meXpsmXpsmXpsm5meXpsmXpsmX 3 5-GalNAc-NHC6- psm5meXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXps5meXps5meXpsXps5meXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmX 3 5-GalNAc-NHC6- psmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXps5meXpsXps5meXps5meXps5meXpsm5meXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmX 3 5GalNAc-NHC6- psmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXps5meXpsXps5meXps5meXps5meXps5meXpsXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsm5meXpsmX 3 5GalNAc-NHC6- psmXpsmXpsm5meXpsmXpsmXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXps5meXpsXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmXpsmX 3 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mXnpsmXnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnps2-4OCH2CH2XnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXps2-4- OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnpsmXnpsmXnps3-NH.sub.2mX mXnpsmXnpsmXnpsmXnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXps2-4- OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnpsmXnpsmXnps3-NH.sub.2mX 5-mXnpsmCnpsmXnpsmXnpsmXnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXps mXnpsmXnpsmXnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnpsmXnps3-NH.sub.2mX-3 mXnpsmXnpsmXnpsmCnpsmXnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXps2-4- OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnpsmXnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnpsmXnps3-NH.sub.2mX mXnpsmXnpsmXnpsmXnpsmXnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXps2-4-OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2XnpsmXnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnpsmXnpsmXnps3-NH.sub.2mX 2- 4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnpsmXnpsmXnpsmXnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXnpsmXnpsmXn ps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2Xnps3-NH.sub.2mX 2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnpsmXnps2- 4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXnps2-4OCH2CH2XnpsmXnps2- 4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2Xnps3-NH.sub.2mX 2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnps2-4- OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnpsmXnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXnpsmXnpsmXnpsmXnps3- NH.sub.2mX 2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnpsmXnpsmXnpsmXnps2-4- OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXnpsmXnpsmXnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnpsm2- 4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2Xnps3-NH.sub.2mX 2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnpsmXnpsmXnpsmXnpsmXnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXps mXnpsmXnpsmXnpsmXnpsmXnpsm2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2Xnps3-NH.sub.2mX mXnpsmXnpsmXnpsmXnpsmXnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXnpsmXnpsmXnpsmXnps 3-NH.sub.2mX mXnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnps2-4 OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXnpsmXnps2-4 OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnps3-NH.sub.2mX 2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnps2- 4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnpsmXnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXnpsmXnps2-4 OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnps2-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.23-NH.sub.2X 2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnps2-4 OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnpsmCnpsmXnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXnps2-4 OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnpsmXnpsmXnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2Xnps3-NH.sub.2mX mXnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2 XnpsmXnpsmXnpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsXpsmXnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnpsmXnps2- 4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2XnpsmXnps3-NH.sub.2mX

[0102] In embodiments, each of the nucleotides of a domain are modified. In embodiments, each of the nucleotides of a domain have the same modifications. In embodiments, each of the nucleotides of the X and Z domains are modified. In embodiments, each of the nucleotides of the X and Z domains have the same modifications. In embodiments, each of the nucleotides of a domain are modified with 2 MOE. In embodiments, each of the nucleotides of the X and Z domains are modified with 2 MOE. In embodiments, each of the nucleotides of a domain are modified with 2 OMe. In embodiments, each of the nucleotides of the X and Z domains are modified with 2 OMe. In embodiments, each of the nucleotides of a domain are modified with 2 OEt. In embodiments, each of the nucleotides of the X and Z domains are modified with 2 OEt. In embodiments, each of the nucleotides of the X and Z domains are linked by an NPS linkage. In embodiments, the X and Z domains have the same number of nucleotides. In embodiments, the X and Z domains each have 4-8 nucleotides. In embodiments, the X and Z domains each have 5-6 nucleotides. In embodiments, the X and Z domains each have 5 nucleotides. In embodiments, the Y domain has at least twice the number of nucleotides as each of the X and Z domains. In embodiments, the Y domain has 8-12 nucleotides. In embodiments, the Y domain has 10 nucleotides. In embodiments, each of the nucleotides of the Y domain are linked by a PS linkage. In embodiments, at least one nucleobase of the oligonucleotide is modified. In embodiments, at least one nucleobase adjacent to the 3 terminal end of the oligonucleotide is modified. In embodiments, at least one nucleobase in the Z domain of the oligonucleotide is modified. In embodiments, at least one nucleobase in the Y domain of the oligonucleotide is modified.

[0103] In some embodiments, the oligonucleotide represented by Formula (VI) or (VI) is selected from Table D. In other embodiments, the oligonucleotide represented by Formula (VI) or (VI) has a sequence that differs from a chimeric oligonucleotide of Table D by one modified nucleotide. In other embodiments, the oligonucleotide represented by Formula (VI) or (VI) has a sequence that differs from an oligonucleotide of Table D by 1, 2, 3 or 4 nucleotides. Specific embodiments of the chimeric oligonucleotide represented by Formula (VI) or (VI) are listed below in Table D:

TABLE-US-00004 TABLED SEQID #ID NO: ModifiedSequence(5-3) 101 160 5-mGpsmCpsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsmCpsmGpsm ApsmApsmGpsmUpsmGpsmC-3 102 161 5-mGpsmCpsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsmCpsmGpsm ApsmApsmGpsmUpsmGpsmCps-Chol-3 103 162 5-mGpsmCpsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsmCpsmGpsm ApsmApsmGpsmUpsmGpsmC-GalNAc-3 104 163 mGpsmApsmUpsmUpsmApsmGpsGpsCpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTpsmGpsm ApsmApsmApsmApsmApsmG 105 164 5-mGpsmApsmUpsmUpsmApsmGpsGpsCpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTpsm GpsmApsmApsmApsmApsmApsmG-Chol-3 106 165 5-mGpsmApsmUpsmUpsmApsmGpsGpsCpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTpsm GpsmApsmApsmApsmApsmApsmG-GalNAc-3 107 166 5-mGpsmApsmUpsmUpsmApsGpsGpsCpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTpsmGps mApsmApsmApsmApsmApsmG 108 167 5-mGpsmApsmUpsmUpsmApsGpsGpsCpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTpsmGps mApsmApsmApsmApsmApsmG-Chol-3 109 168 5-mGpsmApsmUpsmUpsmApsGpsGpsCpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTpsmGps mApsmApsmApsmApsmApsmG-GalNAc-3 110 169 5-mGpsmDAPpsmUpsmUpsmDAPpsmGpsGpsCpsApsGpsApsGpsGps TpsmGpsmApsmApsmApsmApsmApsmG-3 111 170 5-mGpsmApsmUpsmUpsmApsmGpsGpsCpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTpsm GpsmApsmApsmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmG-3 112 171 5-mGpsmApsmUpsmUpsmApsmGpsGpsCpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTpsm GpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmG-3 113 172 5-mGpsmDAPpsmUpsmUpsmDAPpsmGpsGpsCpsApsGpsApsGpsGps TpsmGpsmApsmApsmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmG-3 114 173 5-mGpsmDAPpsmUpsmUpsmDAPpsmGpsGpsCpsApsGpsApsGpsGps TpsmGpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmG-3 115 174 5-mGpsmDAPpsmUpsmUpsmDAPpsGpsGpsCpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTps mGpsmApsmApsmApsmApsmApsmG-3 116 175 5-mGpsmApsmUpsmUpsmApsGpsGpsCpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTpsmGps mApsmApsmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmG-3 117 176 5-mGpsmApsmUpsmUpsmApsGpsGpsCpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTpsmGps mDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmG-3 118 177 5-mGpsmDAPpsmUpsmUpsmDAPpsGpsGpsCpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTps mGpsmApsmApsmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmG-3 119 178 5-mGpsmDAPpsmUpsmUpsmDAPpsGpsGpsCpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTps mGpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmG-3 120 179 5-mGpsmCpsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsmCpsmGpsm ApsmDAPpsmGpsmUpsmGpsmC-3 121 180 5-mGpsmCpsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsmCpsmGpsm DAPpsmDAPpsmGpsmUpsmGpsmC-3 122 181 5-mGpsmCpsmApsmGpsmDAPpsmGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsmCpsm GpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmGpsmUpsmGpsmC-3 123 182 5-mGpsmCpsmDAPpsmGpsmDAPpsmGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsmCpsm GpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmGpsmUpsmGpsmC-3 124 183 5-CnpsGnpsTnpsGnpsCnpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTpsGpsAnpsAnps GnpsCnps-3-NH.sub.2-G-3 125 184 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGnpsCnpsGnps AnpsAnps-3-NH.sub.2-G-3 126 185 5-CnpsGnpsAnpsCnpsGnpsTnpsGpsCpsApsGpsApsGpsGnpsTnps GnpsAnpsAnpsGnps-3-NH.sub.2-C-3 127 186 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCnpsGnps AnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3-NH.sub.2-C-3 128 187 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsApsGpsGpsTpsGpsAnpsAnpsGnpsCnps-3- NH.sub.2-G-3 129 188 5-CnpsGnpsTnpsGnpsCnpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTnpsGnpsAnpsAnps Gnps-3-NH.sub.2-C-3 130 189 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTnpsGpsApsAnpsGnpsCnps GnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3NH.sub.2-C-3 131 190 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTpsGpsAnpsAnpsGnpsCnps GnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3NH.sub.2-C-3 132 191 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGpsTpsGnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsCnps GnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3NH.sub.2-C-3 133 192 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTnpsGnpsApsApsGnpsCnps GnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3NH.sub.2-C-3 134 193 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTnpsGnpsAnpsApsGpsCnps GnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3NH.sub.2-C-3 135 194 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGpsTpsGpsAnpsAnpsGnpsCnps GnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3NH.sub.2-C-3 136 195 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTnpsGpsApsApsGnpsCnps GnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3NH.sub.2-C-3 137 196 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTpsGpsApsAnpsGnpsCnps GnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3NH.sub.2-C-3 138 197 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTnpsGnpsApsApsGpsCnps GnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3NH.sub.2-C-3 139 198 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTnpsGpsApsApsGpsCnps GnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3NH.sub.2-C-3 140 199 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCnpsGnps AnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3NH.sub.2-C-3 141 200 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCpsGnps AnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3NH.sub.2-C-3 142 201 5-mApsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsApsGpsGpsTpsGps5mCpsGps5mCps5m Cps5mCps5mmCpsmGpsmUpsmGpsmG-3 143 202 5-mGpsmGpsmUpsmGpsmApsApsGps5mCpsGpsApsApsGpsTpsGps5m CpsmAps5mmCpsmAps5mmCpsmG-3 144 203 5-5mmCpsmGpsmUpsmGps5mmCpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps Gps5mmCpsmGpsmApsmApsmG-3 145 204 5-mApsmGpsmApsmGpsmGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps5mCpsGpsApsAps GpsmUpsmGps5mmCpsmAps5mmC-3 146 205 5-mUpsmGpsmGps5mmCpsmAps5mCpsTpsApsGpsTpsApsApsAps5m CpsTpsmGpsmApsmGps5mmCps5mmC-3 147 206 5-5mmCpsmUpsmApsmGpsmGpsApsGpsTpsTps5mCps5mCpsGps5m CpsApsGpsmUpsmApsmUpsmGpsmG-3 148 207 5-mApsmGpsmApsmGpsmGpsTpsGps5mCpsGps5mCps5mCps5mCps5m CpsGpsTpsmGpsmGpsmUps5mmCpsmG-3 149 208 5-mGpsmApsmGpsmGpsmUpsGps5mCpsGps5mCps5mCps5mCps5mCps GpsTpsGpsmGpsmUps5mmCpsmGpsmG-3 150 209 5-mGpsmApsmApsmApsmGps5mCps5mCps5mCpsTpsAps5mCpsGps ApsAps5mCps5mmCpsmAps5mmCpsmUpsmG-3 151 210 5-mGpsmUpsmUps5mmCps5mmCpsGps5mCpsApsGpsTpsApsTpsGps GpsApsmUps5mmCpsmGpsmGps5mmC-3 152 211 5-mUps5mmCps5mmCpsmGps5mmCpsApsGpsTpsApsTpsGpsGpsAps Tps5mCpsmGpsmGps5mmCpsmApsmG-3 153 212 5-mAps5mmCps5mmCpsmAps5mmCpsTpsGpsApsAps5mCpsApsAps ApsTpsGpsmGps5mmCpsmAps5mmCpsmU-3 154 213 5-mUpsmGps5mmCpsmApsmGpsApsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps5mCps GpsmApsmApsmGpsmUpsmG-3 155 214 5-mAps5mmCpsmUpsmGpsmApsAps5mCpsApsApsApsTpsGpsGps5m CpsAps5mmCpsmUpsmApsmGpsmU-3 156 215 5-mApsmGpsmUps5mmCps5mmCpsAps5mCps5mCpsAps5mCpsGpsAps GpsTps5mCpsmUpsmApsmGpsmAps5mmC-3 157 216 5-5mmCpsmAps5mmCpsmUpsmGpsApsAps5mCpsApsApsApsTpsGps Gps5mCpsmAps5mmCpsmUpsmApsmG-3 158 217 5-5mmCpsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps5mCpsGpsAps ApsmGpsmUpsmGps5mmCpsmA-3 159 218 5-mApsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsApsGpsGpsTpsGps5meCpsGps5meCps 5meCps5meCps5memCpsmGpsmUpsmGpsmG-GalNAc-3 160 219 5-mGpsmGpsmUpsmGpsmApsApsGps5meCpsGpsApsApsGpsTpsGps 5mCpsmAps5memCpsmAps5memeCpsmG-GalNAc-3 161 220 5-mUpsmGpsmGps5memCpsmAps5meCpsTpsApsGpsTpsApsApsAps 5meCpsTpsmGpsmApsmGps5memCps5memCpoGalNAc-3 162 221 5-5memCpsmUpsmApsmGmGpsApsGpsTpsTps5meCps5meCpsGps5me CpsApsGpsmUpsmApsmUpsmGpsmGpoGalNAc-3 163 222 5-mApsmGpsmApsmGpsmGpsTpsGps5meCpsGps5meCps5meCps5me Cps5meCpsGpsTpsmGpsmGpsmUps5memCpsmGpoGalNAc-3 164 223 5-mUps5memCps5memCpsmGps5memCpsApsGpsTpsApsTpsGpsGps ApsTps5meCpsmGpsmGps5memCpsmApsmGpoGalNAc-3 165 224 5-mUpsmGps5memCpsmApsmGpsApsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps5me CpsGpsmApsmApsmGpsmUpsmGpoGalNAc-3 166 225 5-mApsmGpsmUps5memCps5memCpsAps5meCps5meCAps5meCpsGps ApsGpsTps5meCpsmUpsmApsmGpsmAps5memCpoGalNAc-3 167 226 5-fGnpsfCnpsfAnpsfGnpsfAnpsfGnpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsf CnpsfGnpsfAnpsfAnpsfGnpsfUnpsfGnps-3-NH.sub.2-fC-3 168 227 5-fGnpsfCnpsfAnpsfGnpsfAnpsfGnpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCps fGnpsfAnpsfAnpsfGnpsfUnpsfGnps-3-NH.sub.24C-3 169 228 5-fGnpsfCnpsfAnpsfGnpsfAnpsfGnpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCps GpsfAnpsfAnpsfGnpsfUnpsfGnps-3-NH.sub.2-fC-3 170 229 5-GnpCnpAnpGnpAnpGnpGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCnpGnpAnpAnpGnp TnpGnp-3NH.sub.2-C-3 171 230 5-GnpsfCnpsfAnpsGnpsfAnpsGnpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsfCnps GnpsfAnpsfAnpsGnpsfTnpsGnps-3NH.sub.2-fC-3 172 231 5-GnpfCnpfAnpGnpfAnpGnpGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsfCnpGnpfAnpf 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AnpsmAnpmGnpmUnpmGnpmCnP-3 247 306 5-dGnpmCnpmAnpmGnpmAnpGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCpsmGnpm AnpmAnpmGnpmUnpmGnpmCnp-3 248 307 5-dGnpmCnpmAnpmGnpmAnpGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCpsGpsmAnp mAnpmGnpmUnpmGnpmCnp-3 249 308 GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTnpsGnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsCnps GnpsAnpsAnpsG 250 309 GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTnpsGnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsCnps GnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnpsC 251 310 CnpsGnpsTnpsGnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTnpsGnpsAnps AnpsGnpsCnpsG 252 311 CnpsGnpsTnpsGnpsCnpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTpsGpsAnpsAnpsGnps CnpsG 253 312 GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGnpsCnpsGnpsAnps AnpsG 254 313 CnpsGnpsAnpsCnpsGnpsTnpsGpsCpsApsGpsApsGpsGnpsTnpsGnps AnpsAnpsGnpsC 255 314 GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCnpsGnpsAnps AnpsGnpsTnpsGnpsC 256 315 GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsApsGpsGpsTpsGpsAnpsAnpsGnpsCnpsG 257 316 CnpsGnpsTnpsGnpsCnpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTnpsGnpsAnpsAnps GnpsC 258 317 mGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnpsmGnpsmoeAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps CpsGpsApsmoeAnpsmGnpsmoeUnpsmGnpsmoeCnp-C6-NH-GalNAc6 259 318 moeGps(5me)moeCpsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeApsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps Gps(5me)CpsGpsApsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeTpsmoeGps(5me)moeC- po-GalNAc2 260 319 mGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnpsmGnpsmoeAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps (5me)CpsGpsApsmoeAnpsmGnpsmoeUnpsmGnpsmoeCnpo-C6-NH- GalNAc-6 261 320 GalNAc-2-pofGnpsfCnpsfAnpsfGnpsfAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps Gps(5me)CpsGpsApsfAnpsfGnpsfUnpsfGnpsfCn 262 321 GalNAc2-moeGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeAnpsGpsGpsTps GpsApsApsGpsCpsGpsApsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeUnpsmoeGnpsmoeCn 263 322 moeGps(5me)moeCpsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeApsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps Gps(5me)CpsGpsApsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeTpsmoeGps(5me)moeC- GalNAc2 264 323 GalNac2-moeGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeAnpsGpsGpsTps GpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsGpsApsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeUnpsmoeGnps moeCn 265 324 GalNac-moeGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeAnpsGpsGpsTpsGps ApsApsGpsCpsGpsApsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeUnpsmoeGnpsmoeCn 266 325 GalNAc2-mGnpsmCnpsmAnpsmGnpsmAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps (5m)CpsGpsApsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeUnpsmoeGnpsmoeCn 267 326 GalNac6-NH-C6-moeGps(5m)moeCpsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeApsGpsGps TpsGpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsGpsApsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeTpsmoeGps (5m)moeC 268 327 GalNAc2-mGnpsmCnpsmAnpsmGnpsmAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps (5m)CpsGpsApsmAnpsmGnpsmUnpsmGnpsmCn 269 328 GalNAc2-etoGnps(5m)etoCnpsetoAnpsetoGnpsetoAnpsGpsGps TpsGpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsGpsApsetoAnpsetoGnpsetoTnpseto Gnps(5m)etoCn 270 329 GalNAc2-moeGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeAnpsGpsGpsTps GpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsGpsApsmAnpsmGnpsmUnpsmGnpsmCn 271 330 moeGpsmoemCpsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeApsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps5m CpsGpsApsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeTpsmoeGpsmoemC 272 331 moeGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps GpsCpsGpsApsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeUnpsmoeGnpsmoeCn 273 332 mGps5mmCpsmApsmGpsmApsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps5mCpsGpsAps mApsmGpsmUpsmGps5mmC 274 333 mGnpsmCnpsmAnpsmGnpsmAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCpsGps ApsmAnpsmGnpsmUnpsmGnpsmCn 275 334 GalNAc2-moeGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeAnpsGpsGpsTps GpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsGpsApsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeUnpsmoeGnps moeCn 276 335 GalNac6-NH-C6-moeGps(5m)moeCpsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeApsGpsGps TpsGpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsGpsApsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeTpsmoeGps (5m)moeC 277 336 5moeGps(5m)moeCpsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeApsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps Gps(5m)CpsGpsApsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeTpsmoeGps(5me)moeC-Gal NAc2 278 337 GalNAc2-mGnpsmCnpsmAnpsmGnpsmAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps CpsGpsApsmAnpsmGnpsmUnpsmGnpsmCn 279 338 mGps(5m)mCpsmApsmGpsmApsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsGp sApsmApsmGpsmUpsmGps(5m)mC-GalNAc 280 339 GalNAc2-moeGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeAnpsGpsGpsTpsGp sApsApsGps(5m)CpsGpsApsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeUnpsmoeGnpsmoe Cn 281 340 moeGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps Gps(5m)CpsGpsApsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeUnpsmoeGnpsmoeCnp- C6-NH-GalNAc6 282 341 GalNAc2-moeGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeAnpsGpsGpsTps GpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsGpsApsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeUnpsmoeGnps moeCn 283 342 GalNAc-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCpsGps ApsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnpsCn 284 343 GalNAc-mGnpsmCnpsmAnpsmGnpsmAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps CpsGpsApsmAnpsmGnpsmUnpsmGnpsmCn 285 344 GalNAc-fGnpsfCnpsfAnpsfGnpsfAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps CpsGpsApsfAnpsfGnpsfUnpsfGnps-3nh2-fC 286 345 GalNAc-afGnpsafCnpsafAnpsafGnpsafAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsAps ApsGpsCpsGpsApsafAnpsafGnpsafTnpsafGnpsafCn 287 346 GalNAc-dTnpsGnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsApsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps CpsGpsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnps-3nh2-G 288 347 GalNAc-mUnpsmGnpsmCnpsmAnpsmGnpsApsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps GpsCpsGpsmAnpsmAnpsmGnpsmUnpsmGn 289 348 GalNAc-fUnpsfGnpsfCnpsfAnpsfGnpsApsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps GpsCpsGpsfAnpsfAnpsfGnpsfUnps-3nh2-fG 290 349 GalNAc-mGnpsmCnpsmUnpsmCnpsmCnpsApsApsApsTpsTps5MeCps TpsTpsTpsApsmUnpsmAnpsmAnpsmGnpsmGnpsmGn 291 350 GalNAc-moeGnpsmoeCnpsmoeUnpsmoeCnpsmoeCnpsApsApsApsTps Tps5MeCpsTpsTpsTpsApsmoeUnpsmoeAnpsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoe GnpsmoeGn 292 351 moeGps(5m)moeCpsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeApsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps Gps(5m)CpsGpsApsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeTpsmoeGps(5m)moeC 293 352 moeGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps Gps(5m)CpsGpsApsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeUnpsmoeGnpsmoeCn 294 353 fGnps(5m)fCnpsfAnpsfGnpsfAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCps GpsApsfAnpsfGnpsfTnpsfGnpsfC-C6-NH-GalNac6 295 354 fGnpsfCnpsfAnpsfGnpsfAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps(5m)Cps GpsApsfAnpsfGnpsfUnpsfGnpsfCnp-C6-NH-GalNAc6 296 355 mGnpsmCnpsmAnpsmGnpsmAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps(5m)Cps GpsApsmAnpsmGnpsmUnpsmGnpsmCnp-C6-NH-GalNAc6 297 356 mGnpsmCnpsmAnpsmGnpsmAnpsGpGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps(5m)Cps GpsApsmAnpsmGnpsmUnpsmGnpsmC-C6-NH-GalNAc6 298 357 moeGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps Gps(5m)CpsGpsApsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeUnpsmoeGnpsmoeCnp- C6-NH-GalNAc6 299 358 moeGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps Gps(5m)CpsGpsApsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeUnpsmoeGnps(5m)moeC- C6-NH-GalNAc6 300 359 GalNAc2-moeGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeAnpsGpsGpsTps GpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsGpsApsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeUnpsmoeGnps moeCn 301 360 GalNAc2-etoGnpseto(5m)CnpsetoAnpsetoGnpsetoAnpsGpsGps TpsGpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsGpsApsetoAnpsetoGnpsetoTnpseto Gnpseto(5m)Cn 302 361 mGnpsmCnps2-4-OCH.sub.2AnpsmGnpsmAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps CpsGpsAps2-4-OCH.sub.2AnpsmGnpsmUnpsmGnps3-NH.sub.2mC 303 362 mGnpsmCnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2AnpsmGnpsmAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps GpsCpsGpsAps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2AnpsmGnpsmUnpsmGnps3-NH.sub.2mC 304 363 mGnpsmCnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2AnpsmGnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2AnpsGpsGpsTps GpsApsApsGpsCpsGpsAps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2AnpsmGnpsmUnpsmGnps3- NH.sub.2mC 305 364 mGnpsmCnpsmAnpsmGnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2AnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps GpsCpsGpsAps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2AnpsmGnpsmUnpsmGnps3-NH.sub.2mC 306 365 5-mGnpsmCnpsmUnpsmCnpsmCnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2AnpsApsApsTpsTps CpsTpsTpsTpsmAnpsmUnpsmAnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2AnpsmGnpsmGnps3- NH.sub.2mG-3 307 366 mGnpsmCnpsmUnpsmCnpsmCnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2AnpsApsApsTpsTps CpsTpsTpsTps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2AnpsmUnpsmAnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2Anpsm GnpsmGnps3-NH.sub.2mG 308 367 mGnpsmCnpsmUnpsmCnpsmCnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2AnpsApsApsTpsTps CpsTpsTpsTps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2AnpsmUnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2AnpsmAnps mGnpsmGnps3-NH.sub.2mG 309 368 2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2GnpsmCnpsmAnpsmGnpsmAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps GpsCpsGpsApsmAnpsmGnpsmUnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2Gnps3-NH.sub.2mC 310 369 2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2GnpsmCnpsmAnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2GnpsmAnpsGpsGpsTps GpsApsApsGpsCpsGpsApsmAnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2GnpsmUnps2-4OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2Gnps3-NH.sub.2mC 311 370 2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2GnpsmCnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2AnpsmGnpsmAnpsGpsGpsTps GpsApsApsGpsCpsGpsApsmAnpsmGnpsmUnpsmGnps3-NH.sub.2mC 312 371 2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2GnpsmCnpsmUnpsmCnpsmCnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2AnpsAps ApsTpsTpsCpsTpsTpsTpsmAnpsmUnpsmAnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2Anpsm Gnpsm2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2Gnps3-NH.sub.2mG 313 372 2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2GnpsmCnpsmUnpsmCnpsmCnpsmAnpsApsApsTpsTpsCps TpsTpsTpsmAnpsmUnpsmAnpsmAnpsmGnpsm2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2Gnps3- NH.sub.2mG 314 373 mGnpsmCnpsmAnpsmGnpsmAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCpsGpsAp smAnpsmGnpsmUnpsmGnps3-NH.sub.2mC 315 374 mGnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2(5me)CnpsmAnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2GnpsmAnpsGpsGps TpsGpsApsApsGpsCpsGpsApsmAnpsmGnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2TnpsmGnps 3-NH.sub.2mC 316 375 2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2GnpsmCnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2AnpsmGnpsmAnpsGpsGpsTps GpsApsApsGpsCpsGpsApsmAnpsmGnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2TnpsmGnps2- OCH.sub.2CH.sub.23-NH.sub.2(5me)C 317 376 2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2GnpsmCnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2TnpsmCnpsmCnpsmAnpsApsAps TpsTpsCpsTpsTpsTpsmAnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2TnpsmAnpsmAnpsmGnps2- 4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2Gnps3-NH.sub.2mG 318 377 mGnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2(5me)CnpsmUnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2(5me)CnpsmCnpsm AnpsApsApsTpsTpsCpsTpsTpsTpsmAnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2TnpsmAnpsm Anps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2GnpsmGnps3-NH.sub.2mG

[0104] In some embodiments, the oligonucleotide represented by Formula (VI) or (VI) is selected from the above Table C. In other embodiments, the oligonucleotide represented by Formula (VI) or (VI) has a sequence that differs from a chimeric oligonucleotide of the above list by one nucleotide. In other embodiments, the oligonucleotide represented by Formula (VI) or (VI) has a sequence that differs from a chimeric oligonucleotide of the above list by 1, 2, 3 or 4 nucleotides. In embodiments, the oligonucleotide represented by Formula (VI) or (VI) has a sequence that differs from a chimeric oligonucleotide of the above list but has the same construct as the chimeric oligonucleotide of the above list. In embodiments, the disclosed oligonucleotides display an increased affinity for a target nucleic acid sequence compared to an unmodified oligonucleotide of the same sequence. For example, in some sequences the disclosed oligonucleotides has a nucleobase sequence that is complementary or hybridizes to a target nucleic acid sequence at a higher affinity than an unmodified oligonucleotide of the same sequence. In embodiments, the disclosed oligonucleotide complexed with a complementary target nucleic acid sequence has a melting Temperature of >37 C. The complex may be formed under physiological conditions or nearly physiological conditions such as in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). In embodiments, the Tm of the complex is >50 C. In embodiments, the Tm of the complex is 50-100 C. In embodiments, the Tm of a disclosed oligonucleotide duplexed with a target nucleic acid sequence under physiological conditions or nearly physiological conditions is >50 C.

[0105] In certain embodiments, the target nucleic acid sequence may be selected from a nucleic acid sequence of a known viral DNA or RNA sequence such as the HBV genome, for example those listed in Table E, F, or J.

[0106] In embodiments, the disclosed oligonucleotides display an affinity for at least one of the following six sequences of the HBV genome or its RNA equivalents and/or display stability complexed to at least one of the following six sequences of the HBV genome (Table E) or its RNA equivalents (Table F). In embodiments, the oligonucleotide complexed with a complementary HBV genome sequence has a melting temperature (Tm) of >37 C. The HBV genome may be an RNA sequence such as DR-1 and/or DR-2 RNA sequence. The complex may be formed under physiological conditions or nearly physiological conditions such as in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). In embodiments, the Tm of the complex is >50 C. In embodiments, the Tm of the complex is 50-100 C. In embodiments, the Tm of a disclosed oligonucleotide duplexed with an HBV RNA under physiological conditions or nearly physiological conditions is >50 C.

TABLE-US-00005 TABLE E 1 2 3 4 5 6 (SEQ ID NO: (SEQ ID NO: (SEQ ID NO: (SEQ ID NO: (SEQ ID NO: (SEQ ID NO: 587) 588) 589) 590) 591) 592) 245 A 668 T 1257 T 1512 A 1575 C 1819 A 246 G 669 G 1258 C 1513 C 1576 C 1820 C 247 T 670 G 1259 T 1514 C 1577 G 1821 T 248 C 671 C 1260 G 1515 G 1578 T 1822 T 249 T 672 T 1261 C 1516 A 1579 G 1823 T 250 A 673 C 1262 C 1517 C 1580 T 1824 T 251 G 674 A 1263 G 1518 C 1581 G 1825 T 252 A 675 G 1264 A 1519 A 1582 C 1826 C 253 C 676 T 1265 T 1520 C 1583 A 1827 A 254 T 677 T 1266 C 1521 G 1584 C 1828 C 255 C 678 T 1267 C 1522 G 1585 T 1829 C 256 G 679 A 1268 A 1523 G 1586 T 1830 T 257 T 680 C 1269 T 1524 G 1587 C 1831 C 258 G 681 T 1270 A 1525 C 1588 G 1832 T 259 G 682 A 1271 C 1526 G 1589 C 1833 G 260 T 683 G 1272 T 1527 C 1590 T 1834 C 261 G 684 T 1273 G 1528 A 1591 T 1835 C 262 G 685 G 1274 C 1529 C 1592 C 1836 T 263 A 686 C 1275 G 1530 C 1593 A 1837 A 264 C 687 C 1276 G 1531 T 1594 C 1838 A 265 T 688 A 1277 A 1532 C 1595 C 1839 T 266 T 689 T 1278 A 1533 T 1596 T 1840 C 690 T 1279 C 1534 C 1597 C 1841 A 691 T 1280 T 1535 T 1598 T 1842 T 692 G 1281 C 1536 T 1599 G 1843 C 693 T 1282 C 1537 T 1600 C 1844 T 694 T 1283 T 1601 A 1845 C 695 C 1284 A 1602 C 1846 T 696 A 1285 G 1603 G 1847 T 697 G 1286 C 1604 T 1848 G 698 T 1605 C 1849 T 699 G 1606 G 1850 T 700 G 1607 C 1851 C 701 T 1608 A 1852 A 702 T 1609 T 703 C 1610 G 704 G 1611 G 705 T 1612 A 706 A 707 G 708 G 709 G 710 C 711 T 712 T 713 T 714 C 715 C

TABLE-US-00006 TABLE F 1 2 3 4 5 6 (SEQ ID NO: (SEQ ID NO: (SEQ ID NO: (SEQ ID NO: (SEQ ID NO: (SEQ ID NO: 593) 594) 595) 596) 597) 598) 245 A 668 U 1257 U 1512 A 1575 C 1819 A 246 G 669 G 1258 C 1513 C 1576 C 1820 C 247 U 670 G 1259 U 1514 C 1577 G 1821 U 248 C 671 C 1260 G 1515 G 1578 U 1822 U 249 U 672 U 1261 C 1516 A 1579 G 1823 U 250 A 673 C 1262 C 1517 C 1580 U 1824 U 251 G 674 A 1263 G 1518 C 1581 G 1825 U 252 A 675 G 1264 A 1519 A 1582 C 1826 C 253 C 676 U 1265 U 1520 C 1583 A 1827 A 254 U 677 U 1266 C 1521 G 1584 C 1828 C 255 C 678 U 1267 C 1522 G 1585 U 1829 C 256 G 679 A 1268 A 1523 G 1586 U 1830 U 257 U 680 C 1269 U 1524 G 1587 C 1831 C 258 G 681 U 1270 A 1525 C 1588 G 1832 U 259 G 682 A 1271 C 1526 G 1589 C 1833 G 260 U 683 G 1272 U 1527 C 1590 U 1834 C 261 G 684 U 1273 G 1528 A 1591 U 1835 C 262 G 685 G 1274 C 1529 C 1592 C 1836 U 263 A 686 C 1275 G 1530 C 1593 A 1837 A 264 C 687 C 1276 G 1531 U 1594 C 1838 A 265 U 688 A 1277 A 1532 C 1595 C 1839 U 266 U 689 U 1278 A 1533 U 1596 U 1840 C 690 U 1279 C 1534 C 1597 C 1841 A 691 U 1280 U 1535 U 1598 U 1842 U 692 G 1281 C 1536 U 1599 G 1843 C 693 U 1282 C 1537 U 1600 C 1844 U 694 U 1283 U 1601 A 1845 C 695 C 1284 A 1602 C 1846 U 696 A 1285 G 1603 G 1847 U 697 G 1286 C 1604 U 1848 G 698 U 1605 C 1849 U 699 G 1606 G 1850 U 700 G 1607 C 1851 C 701 U 1608 A 1852 A 702 U 1609 U 703 C 1610 G 704 G 1611 G 705 U 1612 A 706 A 707 G 708 G 709 G 710 C 711 U 712 U 713 U 714 C 715 C

[0107] Compounds of the present disclosure include compounds comprising the following Formula (VII):

5-XYZ-3(VII)

wherein XYZ is a chimeric oligonucleotide comprising a sequence of 14 to 22 nucleosides, and is optionally conjugated at the 5 and/or 3 end to a ligand targeting group or a pharmacophore, X is a domain comprising a sequence of modified nucleosides that is 3-14 nucleosides in length; Y is a domain comprising a sequence of 2 to 4 2-deoxynucleosides linked through intersubunit linkages; and Z is a domain comprising a sequence of modified nucleosides that is 3-14 nucleosides in length, wherein the X and/or Y domains comprise one or more modified nucleoside which is linked through a N3.fwdarw.P5 phosphoramidate or a N3.fwdarw.P5 thiophosphoramidate intersubunit linkage.

[0108] The chimeric oligonucleotide represented by XYZ of Formula (VII) comprises a sequence of 14 to 22 nucleotides, for example, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, or 22 nucleotides. In some embodiments, the number of nucleotides in each of X, Y and Z, respectively is: 8/2/10, 9/2/10, 10/2/10, 7/3/10, 8/3/10, 9/3/10, 8/4/8, 9/4/9, 6/4/8. In some embodiments, X is 6-10, Y is 2-4 and Z is 8-10.

[0109] In some embodiments, the compound of Formula (VII) consists of the XYZ chimeric oligonucleotide consisting of a sequence of 14 to 22 nucleotides, and is optionally conjugated at the 5 and/or 3 end (e.g., 5 end, 3 end or both 5 and 3 ends) to a ligand targeting group and/or a pharmacophore, where X is a domain consisting of a sequence containing one or more modified nucleotides that is 3-10 nucleotides in length; Z is a domain consisting of a sequence containing one or more modified nucleotides that is 3-10 nucleotides in length; and Y is a domain consisting of a sequence of 2 to 42-deoxy-nucleotides linked through thiophosphate intersubunit linkages and optionally one phosphodiester intersubunit linkage, wherein the X and/or Y domains contain one or more modified nucleotide which is linked through a N3.fwdarw.P5 phosphoramidate or a N3.fwdarw.P5 thiophosphoramidate intersubunit linkage.

[0110] The X domain comprises a sequence of modified nucleotides, where the X domain is 4-10 nucleotides in length. For example, the X domain may comprise a sequence of 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 nucleotides. One or more (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 or 22) of these nucleotides is modified. For example, in some embodiments, all the nucleotides in the X domain are modified.

[0111] The modified nucleotides of the X domain may be the same as disclosed for X in Formula (VI) or (VI). For example, the nucleotides of the X domain may be modified with respect to one or more of their nucleobases, the 2 and/or 3 positions on the ribose sugar and their intersubunit linkages. Embodiments include wherein the 2 position is modified with an F (ribo or arabino) and the 3 position is O or NH. Embodiments also include wherein the 2 position is modified with an OMe and the 3 position is O or NH. Embodiments include wherein the 2 position is modified with an F (ribo or arabino) as well as Me or OMe, and the 3 position is O or NH. Embodiments include wherein the 2 position is modified with an F (ribo or arabino) and the 3 position is O or NH. Embodiments include wherein the 2 position is modified with an O-methoxyethoxy and the 3 position is O or NH. Embodiments also include wherein the 2 position is modified with an F (ribo or arabino) and the 3 position is O or NH. Embodiments include wherein the 2 and 4 positions are modified bridging group (as described elsewhere herein) to form a conformationally restricted nucleotide and the 3 position is O or NH. Each of these embodiments may include thiophosphate (or thiophosphoramidate depending on the 3 substitution) and phosphoramidate intersubunit linkages.

[0112] Embodiments also include where the 2 position is OH, and the 3 position is NH, or where the 2 position is H, and the 3 position is NH. Each of these embodiments may include thiophosphoramidate and/or phosphoramidate intersubunit linkages.

[0113] The nucleotides of the X domain are linked through intersubunit linkages, for example, N3.fwdarw.P5 phosphoramidate, N3.fwdarw.P5 thiophosphoramidate, thiophosphate or phosphodiester intersubunit linkages. In some embodiments, the X domain is linked through intersubunit linkages selected from N3.fwdarw.P5 phosphoramidate, N3.fwdarw.P5 thiophosphoramidate, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the X domain comprises at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 from N3.fwdarw.P5 phosphoramidate and/or N3.fwdarw.P5 thiophosphoramidate intersubunit linkages.

[0114] The Y domain comprises a sequence of 2 to 4 2-deoxynucleotides. For example, the Y domain may comprise a sequence of 2, 3, or 4 2-deoxynucleotides. One or more of the 2-deoxynucleotides may be linked through thiophosphate or phosphodiester intersubunit linkages (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 or 22). In some embodiments, each of the 2-deoxynucleotides is linked through a thiophosphate intersubunit linkage. In other embodiments, each of the 2-deoxynucleotides is linked through a phosphodiester intersubunit linkage. In other embodiments, the Y domain consists of 2-deoxy-nucleotides linked through thiophosphate intersubunit linkages, and optionally one phosphodiester intersubunit linkage.

[0115] The Z domain comprises a sequence of modified nucleotides, where the Z domain is 4-10 nucleotides in length. For example, the Z domain may comprise a sequence of 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 nucleotides. One or more of these nucleotides is modified (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 or 22). For example, in some embodiments, all the nucleotides in the Z domain are modified.

[0116] The modified nucleotides of the Z domain may be the same as disclosed for Z in Formula (VI) or (VI). For example, the nucleotides of the Z domain may be modified with respect to one or more of their nucleobases, the 2 and/or 3 positions on the ribose sugar and their intersubunit linkages. Embodiments include wherein the 2 position is modified with an F (ribo or arabino) and the 3 position is O or NH. Embodiments also include wherein the 2 position is modified with an OMe and the 3 position is O or NH. Embodiments include wherein the 2 position is modified with an F (ribo or arabino) as well as Me or OMe, and the 3 position is O or NH. Embodiments include wherein the 2 position is modified with an F (ribo or arabino) and the 3 position is O or NH. Embodiments include wherein the 2 position is modified with an O-methoxyethoxy and the 3 position is O or NH. Embodiments also include wherein the 2 position is modified with an F (ribo or arabino) and the 3 position is O or NH. Embodiments include wherein the 2 and 4 positions are modified bridging group (as described elsewhere herein) to form a conformationally restricted nucleotide and the 3 position is O or NH. Each of these embodiments may include thiophosphate (or thiophosphoramidate depending on the 3 substitution) and phosphoramidate intersubunit linkages.

[0117] Embodiments also include where the 2 position is OH, and the 3 position is NH, or where the 2 position is H, and the 3 position is NH. Each of these embodiments may include thiophosphoramidate and/or phosphoramidate intersubunit linkages.

[0118] The nucleotides of the Z domain are linked through intersubunit linkages, for example, N3.fwdarw.P5 phosphoramidate, N3.fwdarw.P5 thiophosphoramidate, thiophosphate or phosphodiester intersubunit linkages. In some embodiments, the Z domain is linked through intersubunit linkages selected from N3.fwdarw.P5 phosphoramidate, N3.fwdarw.P5 thiophosphoramidate, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the Z domain comprises at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 from N3.fwdarw.P5 phosphoramidate and/or N3.fwdarw.P5 thiophosphoramidate intersubunit linkages.

[0119] C. Modified Antisense Oligonucleotides

[0120] Other compounds include modified antisense oligonucleotides. In some embodiments the ASO includes the nucleotide of formula (I), (II), (IIIa), (IIIb), (IV), (V) and/or (V).

[0121] Other compounds of the present disclosure include compounds comprising the following Formula (VIII):

##STR00026##

wherein X.sub.A is NH or O, Y is OR or SR, where R is H or a positively charged counter ion, B.sub.A is independently in each instance a natural or an unmodified nucleobase or a modified nucleobase, R.sub.A and R.sub.A are each independently in each instance selected from H, F, OH, OMe, 0-methoxyethoxy, and R.sub.A is H or R.sub.A and R.sub.A together form OCH.sub.2, OCH(Me)- or O(CH.sub.2).sub.2.

[0122] In some embodiments, R.sub.A and R.sub.A are H; and R.sub.A is selected from F, OH, OMe, Me, O-methoxyethoxy. In other embodiments, R.sub.A and R.sub.A are H; and R.sub.A is selected from F, OMe, Me, O-methoxyethoxy. In some embodiments, X.sub.A is NH in each instance.

[0123] Some embodiments include one or more modified nucleotides represented by Formula (VIII), wherein X.sub.A is NH; B.sub.A is a G-clamp; R.sub.A is F or OMe and R.sub.A is H; or R.sub.A is H and R.sub.A is H or F; and R.sub.A is H.

[0124] Some embodiments include one or more modified nucleotides represented by Formula (VIII), wherein X.sub.A is NH; B.sub.A is an unmodified or modified nucleobase; R.sub.A and R.sub.A together form a conformationally restricted nucleotide (e.g., OCH.sub.2 or O(CH.sub.2).sub.2); and R.sub.A is H. In some embodiments, B.sub.A is an unmodified or a modified nucleobase selected from the group consisting of 5-methylcytosine, 2,6-diaminopurine, and 5-methyluracil.

[0125] Some embodiments include one or more modified nucleotides represented by Formula (VIII), wherein X.sub.A is NH; B is an unmodified or modified nucleobase; R.sub.A is F or OMe, R.sub.A is H and R.sub.A is H.

[0126] Some embodiments include one or more modified nucleotides represented by Formula (VIII), wherein X.sub.A is NH; B.sub.A is an unmodified or modified nucleobase; R.sub.A is H, R.sub.A is F and R.sub.A is H.

[0127] In some embodiments, X.sub.A is NH. In other embodiments, Y is O or S (with a positively charged counter ion). In some embodiments, R.sub.A or R.sub.A is H and the other is F, OH, OMe, Me, O-methoxyethoxy (e.g. arabino-F or ribo-F or OMe).

[0128] In some embodiments, B.sub.A is selected from A, C, G, U and T. In additional embodiments, B.sub.A is selected from A, C, G, U, T, 2,6-diaminopurine, a 5-Me pyrimidine (e.g., 5-methylcytosine, 5-methyluracil). In some embodiments, at least one of R.sub.A and R.sub.A is H. For example, in some embodiments, R.sub.A is F, OH, OMe, Me, O-methoxyethoxy and R.sub.A is H. In other embodiments, R.sub.A is H and R.sub.A is F.

[0129] In some embodiments, when B.sub.A is a purine nucleobase at least one of R.sub.A and R.sub.A is OH or F, and/or when B.sub.A is a pyrimidine nucleobase at least one of R.sub.A and R.sub.A is OMe, OH or F.

[0130] In other embodiments, the nucleotides include one or more of the nucleotides in Table G.

TABLE-US-00007 TABLE G [00027] Nucleotide No. R R R A W 48 F H H NH S 49 F H H NH O 50 F H H O S 51 F H H O O 52 H F H NH S 53 H F H NH O 54 H F H O S 55 H F H O O 56 OMe H H NH S 57 OMe H H NH O 58 OMe H H O S 59 OMe H H O O 60 H F H NH S 61 H F H NH O 62 H F H O S 63 H F H O O 64 O-methoxyethoxy H H NH S 65 O-methoxyethoxy H H NH O 66 O-methoxyethoxy H H O S 67 O-methoxyethoxy H H O O 68 H H H NH S 69 H H H NH O 70 OH H H NH S 71 OH H H NH O 72 OH H H O S 73 H OH H NH O 74 H OH H NH S 75 H OEt H NH O 76 H OEt H NH S 77 H OEt H O O 78 H OEt H O S 79 OEt H H NH O 80 OEt H H NH S 81 OEt H H O O 82 OEt H H O S [00028] Nucleotide No. C A W 83 OCH.sub.2 NH S 84 OCH.sub.2 NH O 85 OCH.sub.2 O S 86 OCH.sub.2 O O 87 O(CH.sub.2).sub.2 NH S 88 O(CH.sub.2).sub.2 NH O 89 O(CH.sub.2).sub.2 O S 90 O(CH.sub.2).sub.2 O O 91 OCH(Me) NH S 92 OCH(Me) NH O 93 OCH(Me) O S 94 OCH(Me) O O

[0131] Compounds of the present disclosure also include oligonucleotides comprising ten or more nucleotides of the following Formula (IX):

##STR00029##

wherein R is H or a positively charged counter ion, B.sub.B is independently in each instance a natural or an unmodified nucleobase or a modified nucleobase, R.sub.B and R.sub.B are each independently in each instance selected from H, F, OMe, O-methoxyethoxy, and R.sub.B is H or R.sub.B and R.sub.B together form OCH.sub.2, OCH(Me)-, or O(CH.sub.2).sub.2.

[0132] In some embodiments, every oligonucleotide is a nucleotide of the Formula (IX).

[0133] In some embodiments, R.sub.B and R.sub.B are H and R.sub.B is selected from F, OH, OMe, Me, O-methoxyethoxy. In other embodiments, R.sub.B and R.sub.B are H; and R.sub.B is selected from F, OMe, Me, O-methoxyethoxy.

[0134] Some embodiments include one or more modified nucleotides represented by Formula (IX), wherein B.sub.A is a G-clamp; R.sub.B is F or OMe and R.sub.B is H; or R.sub.B is H and R.sub.B is H or F; and R.sub.B is H.

[0135] Some embodiments include one or more modified nucleotides represented by Formula (IX), wherein B.sub.A is an unmodified or modified nucleobase; R.sub.B and R.sub.B together form a conformationally restricted nucleotide (e.g., OCH.sub.2 or O(CH.sub.2).sub.2); and R.sub.B is H. In some embodiments, B.sub.A is an unmodified or a modified nucleobase selected from the group consisting of 5-methylcytosine, 2,6-diaminopurine, and 5-methyluracil.

[0136] Some embodiments include one or more modified nucleotides represented by Formula (IX), wherein B is an unmodified or modified nucleobase; R.sub.B is F or OMe, R.sub.B is H and R.sub.B is H.

[0137] Some embodiments include one or more modified nucleotides represented by Formula (IX), wherein B.sub.A is an unmodified or modified nucleobase; R.sub.B is H, R.sub.B is F and R.sub.B is H.

[0138] In other embodiments, Y is 5 (with a positively charged counter ion). In some embodiments, R.sub.B or R.sub.B is H and the other is F, OH, OMe, Me, O-methoxyethoxy (e.g. arabino-F or ribo-F or OMe).

[0139] In some embodiments, B.sub.B is selected from A, C, G, U and T. In additional embodiments, B.sub.B is selected from A, C, G, U, T, 2,6-diaminopurine, a 5-Me pyrimidine (e.g., 5-methylcytosine). In some embodiments, at least one of R.sub.B and R.sub.B is H. For example, in some embodiments, R.sub.A is F, OH, OMe, Me, O-methoxyethoxy and R.sub.B is H. In other embodiments, R.sub.B is H and R.sub.B is F.

[0140] In some embodiments, when B.sub.B is a purine nucleobase at least one of R.sub.B and R.sub.B is OH or F, and/or when B.sub.B is a pyrimidine nucleobase at least one of R.sub.B and R.sub.B is OMe, OH or F.

[0141] In some embodiments, the nucleobase sequence of the oligonucleotide of Formulae (VIII) or (IX) comprises a sequence selected from those in Table A. In some embodiments, the nucleobase sequence of the oligonucleotide of Formulae (VIII) or (IX) comprises a sequence 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 nucleobases different from a sequence selected from those in Table H.

TABLE-US-00008 TABLEH SEQ.ID NucleobaseSequence(5-3) NO. 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGUGC-3 1 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGUGC-Chol-3 2 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGUGC-GalNAc-3 3 5-GAUUAGGCAGAGGTGAAAAAG-3 4 5-GAUUAGGCAGAGGTGAAAAAG-Chol-3 5 5-GAUUAGGCAGAGGTGAAAAAG-GalNAc-3 6 5-GAUUAGGCAGAGGTGAAAAAG-3 7 5-GAUUAGGCAGAGGTGAAAAAG-Chol-3 8 5-GAUUAGGCAGAGGTGAAAAAG-GalNAc-3 9 5-GDAPUUDAPGGCAGAGGTGAAAAAG-3 10 5-GAUUAGGCAGAGGTGAADAPDAPDAPG-3 11 5-GAUUAGGCAGAGGTGDAPDAPDAPDAPDAPG-3 12 5-GDAPUUDAPGGCAGAGGTGAADAPDAPDAPG-3 13 5-GDAPUUDAPGGCAGAGGTGDAPDAPDAPDAPDAPG-3 14 5-GDAPUUDAPGGCAGAGGTGAAAAAG-3 15 5-GAUUAGGCAGAGGTGAADAPDAPDAPG-3 16 5-GAUUAGGCAGAGGTGDAPDAPDAPDAPDAPG-3 17 5-GDAPUUDAPGGCAGAGGTGAADAPDAPDAPG-3 18 5-GDAPUUDAPGGCAGAGGTGDAPDAPDAPDAPDAPG-3 19 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGADAPGUGC-3 20 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGDAPDAPGUGC-3 21 5-GCAGDAPGGTGAAGCGDAPDAPGUGC-3 22 5-GCDAPGDAPGGTGAAGCGDAPDAPGUGC-3 23 5-CGTGCAGAGGTGAAGC-3-NH.sub.2-G-3 24 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAA-3-NH.sub.2-G-3 25 5-CGACGTGCAGAGGTGAAG-3-NH.sub.2-C-3 26 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGTG-3-NH.sub.2-C-3 27 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGC-3-NH.sub.2-G-3 28 5-CGTGCAGAGGTGAAG-3-NH.sub.2-C-3 29 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGTG-3NH.sub.2-C-3 30 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGTG-3NH.sub.2-C-3 31 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGTG-3NH.sub.2-C-3 32 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGTG-3NH.sub.2-C-3 33 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGTG-3NH.sub.2-C-3 34 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGTG-3NH.sub.2-C-3 35 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGTG-3NH.sub.2-C-3 36 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGTG-3NH.sub.2-C-3 37 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGTG-3NH.sub.2-C-3 38 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGTG-3NH.sub.2-C-3 39 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGTG-3NH.sub.2-C-3 40 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGTG-3NH.sub.2-C-3 41 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGTG-3-NH.sub.2-C-3 42 5-AAGAGAGGTG5meCG5meC5meC5meC5meCGUGG-3 43 5-GGUGAAG5meCGAAGTG5meCA5meCA5meCG-3 44 5-5meCGUG5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAG-3 45 5-AGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG5meCA5meC-3 46 5-UGG5meCA5meCTAGTAAA5meCTGAG5meC5meC-3 47 5-5meCUAGGAGTT5meC5meCG5meCAGUAUGG-3 48 5-AGAGGTG5meCG5meC5meC5meC5meCGTGGU5meCG-3 49 5-GAGGUG5meCG5meC5meC5meC5meCGTGGU5meCGG-3 50 5-GAAAG5meC5meC5meCTA5meCGAA5meC5meCA5meCUG-3 51 5-GUU5meC5meCG5meCAGTATGGAU5meCGG5meC-3 52 5-U5meC5meCG5meCAGTATGGAT5meCGG5meCAG-3 53 5-A5meC5meCA5meCTGAA5meCAAATGG5meCA5meCU-3 54 5-UG5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG-3 55 5-A5meCUGAA5meCAAATGG5meCA5meCUAGU-3 56 5-AGU5meC5meCA5meC5meCA5meCGAGT5meCUAGA5meC-3 57 5-5meCA5meCUGAA5meCAAATGG5meCA5meCUAG-3 58 5-5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG5meCA-3 59 5-AAGAGAGGTG5meCG5meC5meC5meC5meCGUGG-GalNAc-3 60 5-GGUGAAG5meCGAAGTG5meCA5meCA5meCG-GalNAc-3 61 5-UGG5meCA5meCTAGTAAA5meCTGAG5meC5meC-GalNAc-3 62 5-5meCUAGGAGTT5meC5meCG5meCAGUAUGGGalNAc-3 63 5-AGAGGTG5meCG5meC5meC5meC5meCGTGGU5meCGGalNAc-3 64 5-U5meC5meCG5meCAGTATGGAT5meCGG5meCAG-GalNAc-3 65 5-UG5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUGGalNAc-3 66 5-AGU5meC5meCA5meC5meCA5meCGAGT5meCUAGA5meC- 67 GalNAc-3 5-GCGGGTGAAGCGGUG-3-NH.sub.2-C-3 68 5-GCGGGTGAAGCGGUG-3-NH.sub.2-C-3 69 5-GCGGGTGAAGCGGUG-3-NH.sub.2-C-3 70 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGTG-3NH.sub.2-C-3 71 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAGTG-3NH.sub.2-C-3 72 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGTG-3NH.sub.2-C-3 73 5-GCAGnspAGGTGAAGCGAAGUGC-3 74 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGUGC-3 75 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGUGC-3 76 5-GCUCCAAATTCTTTAUAAGGG-GalNAc-3 77 5-AAGAGAGGTG5meCG5meC5meC5meC5meCGUGG-3 78 5-GGUGAAG5meCGAAGTG5meCA5meCA5meCG-3 79 5-5meCGUG5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAG-3 80 5-GUGAAG5meCGAAGTG5meCA5meCA5meCGG-3 81 5-AGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG5meCA5meC-3 82 5-UGG5meCA5meCTAGTAAA5meCTGAG5meC5meC-3 83 5-5meCUAGGAGTT5meC5meCG5meCAGUAUGG-3 84 5-G5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG5meC-3 85 5-AGAGGTG5meCG5meC5meC5meC5meCGTGGU5meCG-3 86 5-GAGGUG5meCG5meC5meC5meC5meCGTGGU5meCGG-3 87 5-GAAAG5meC5meC5meCTA5meCGAA5meC5meCA5meCUG-3 88 5-GUU5meC5meCG5meCAGTATGGAU5meCGG5meC-3 89 5-U5meC5meCG5meCAGTATGGAT5meCGG5meCAG-3 90 5-A5meC5meCA5meCTGAA5meCAAATGG5meCA5meCU-3 91 5-UG5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG-3 92 5-A5meCUGAA5meCAAATGG5meCA5meCUAGU-3 93 5-AGU5meC5meCA5meC5meCA5meCGAGT5meCUAGA5meC-3 94 5-5meCA5meCUGAA5meCAAATGG5meCA5meCUAG-3 95 5-5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG5meCA-3 96 5-AAGAGAGGTG5meCG5meC5meC5meC5meCGUGG3 97 5-AAGAGAGGTG5meCG5meC5meC5meC5meCGUGG-3 98 5-GGUGAAG5meCGAAGTG5meCA5meCA5meCG3 99 5-GGUGAAG5meCGAAGTG5meCA5meCA5meCG3 100 5-UGG5meCA5meCTAGTAAA5meCTGAG5meC5meC3 101 5-UGG5meCA5meCTAGTAAA5meCTGAG5meC5meC3 102 5-5meCUAGGAGTT5meC5meCG5meCAGUAUGG3 103 5-5meCUAGGAGTT5meC5meCG5meCAGUAUGG3 104 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAG-3 105 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGTGC-3 106 5-CGTGCAGAGGTGAAGCG-3 107 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAG-3 108 5-CGACGTGCAGAGGTGAAGC-3 109 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGTGC-3 110 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCG-3 111 5-CGTGCAGAGGTGAAGC-3 112 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGTG-3nh2-C-3 113 5-GalNAc-NHC6-U5meC5meCG5meCAGTATGGAT5meCGG5meCAG3 114 5-GalNAc-NHC6-5meCUAGGAGTT5meC5meCG5meCAGUAUGG3 115 5-GalNAc-NHC6-AAGAGAGGTG5meCG5meC5meC5meC5meCGUGG3 116 5GalNAc-NHC6-AGAGGTG5meCG5meC5meC5meC5meCGTGGU5me 117 CG3 5GalNAc-NHC6-UG5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG3 118 mGCUCCAAATTCTTTAUAAGG 119 mGCUCCAAATTCTTTAUAAGG 120 mGCUCCAAATTCTTTAUAAGGG 121 mGCUCCAAATTCTTTAUAAGG/GalNAc/ 122 mGCUCCAAATTCTTTAUAAGG/GalNAc/ 123 mGCUCCAAATTCTTTAUAAGG/3CholTEG/ 124 mGCUCCAAATTCTTTAUAAGG/3CholTEG/ 125 mGCUCCAAATTCTTTAUAAGGG/3CholTEG/ 126 5-mG5mCAGAGGTGAAGp5mCGAAGUG5meC-3 127 5-mG5mCAGAGGTGAAG5mCGAAGUG5mC-Cholesterol-3 128 5-mG5mCAGAGGTGAAGp5mCGAAGUG5mC-TEG-Cholesterol-3 129 5-mG5mCAGAGGTGAAG5mCGAAGUG5mC-Tocopherol-3 130 5-mG5mCAGAGGTGAAG5mCGAAGUG5mC-TEG-Tocopherol-3 131 5-mG5mCAGAGGTGAAG5mCGAAGUG5mC-GalNAc-3 132 5-mG5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG5meC-3 133 5-mG5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG5meC-po-Chol-3 134 5-mG5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG5meC-po-Tocopherol-3 135 5-mG5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG5meC-po-GalNAc-3 136 5-mG5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG5meC-3 137 5-mG5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG5meC-po-Chol-3 138 5-mG5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG5meC-po-Tocopherol-3 139 5-mG5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG5meC-po-GalNAc-3 140 5-mG5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG5meC-3 141 5-mG5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG5meC-Chol-3 142 5-mG5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG5meC-Toco-3 143 5-mG5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG5meC-GalNAc-3 144 5-G5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG5meC-3 145 5-G5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG5meC-Chol-3 146 5-G5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG5meC-Toco-3 147 5-G5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG5meC-GalNAc-3 148 5-G5meCAGAGGTGAAG5meCGAAGUG5meC-3 149 5-dTGCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGTG-3 150 5-dTGCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGUG3 151 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGUGC-3 152 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGUGC-3 153 5-GCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGUGC-3 154 5-dGCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGUGC-3 155 5-dGCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGUGC-3 156 5-dGCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGUGC-3 157 5-dGCAGAGGTGAAGCGAAGUGC-3 158

[0142] In embodiments, the disclosed oligonucleotides display an affinity for at least one of the six sequences of the HBV genome or its RNA equivalents and/or display stability complexed to at least one of the following six sequences of the HBV genome (Table E) or its RNA equivalents (Table F). In embodiments, the oligonucleotide complexed with a complementary HBV genome sequence has a melting temperature (Tm) of >37 C. The HBV genome may be an RNA sequence such as DR-1 and/or DR-2 RNA sequence. The complex may be formed under physiological conditions or nearly physiological conditions such as in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). In embodiments, the Tm of the complex is >50 C. In embodiments, the Tm of the complex is 50-100 C. In embodiments, the Tm of a disclosed oligonucleotide duplexed with an HBV RNA under physiological conditions or nearly physiological conditions is >50 C.

[0143] In some aspects of the disclosure, the nucleobase sequence of the oligonucleotide of Formula (VIII) or (IX) comprises a sequence of 12-22 nucleotides, for example, 14-20 nucleotides or 16-19 nucleotides. In some embodiments, the nucleobase sequence of the oligonucleotide of Formula (VIII) or (IX) is 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 or 22 nucleotides in length.

[0144] In another aspect of the disclosure, the oligonucleotides described herein are conjugated or modified at one or more end.

[0145] For example, in some embodiments, a terminal end of the oligonucleotide is protected from hydrolytic cleavage by at least one modified nucleotide at said terminal end. In some embodiments, the modified nucleotide is a modified nucleotide comprising a modified nucleotide comprising a 3-N modification, and may include a thiophosphoramidate subunit linkage. In some embodiments, the oligonucleotides of Formulae (VIII) and (IX) further comprise at least one nucleotide (e.g. 1 or 2) at the 3 and/or 5 end that contains a thiophosphate intersubunit linkage and a thymine nucleobase. In some embodiments, the oligonucleotides of Formulae (VIII) and (IX) further comprise at least one nucleotide (e.g. 1 or 2) at the 3 and/or 5 end that contains a 2-OMe modified nucleotide and a thymine nucleobase. In some embodiments, the oligonucleotides of Formulae (VIII) and (IX) further comprise at least one 2-OMe modified nucleotide at the 3 and/or 5 end that contains a thiophosphate intersubunit linkage and a uracil nucleobase. In some embodiments, the an inverted dT can be incorporated at the 3-end of the oligonucleotides of Formulae (VIII) and (IX), leading to a 3-3 linkage which may inhibit degradation by 3 exonucleases and/or extension by DNA polymerases.

[0146] D. Conjugated Oligonucleotides

[0147] The present disclosure is also directed to additional components conjugated to the oligonucleotide such as targeting moieties and oligonucleotides modified at one or more ends.

[0148] In some embodiments, the oligonucleotides described herein are conjugated to one or more ligand targeting group or pharmacophore, optionally through a linking moiety, such as a HEG linker or a C6 or C7 amino linker. In some embodiments, oligonucleotides described herein further comprises a ligand targeting group or a pharmacophore conjugated at the 5 and/or 3 end through an optional linker. In preferred embodiments, the oligonucleotides described herein further comprise a ligand-targeting group conjugated at the 5 and/or 3 end through an optional linker. In some embodiments, the conjugation is at the 3-end of the oligonucleotides described herein.

[0149] In some embodiments, the ligand-targeting group or a pharmacophore enhances the activity, cellular distribution or cellular uptake of the oligonucleotide by a particular type of cell such as hepatocytes.

[0150] In some embodiments, the ligand targeting group may be a lipid moiety such as a cholesterol moiety, tocopherols, cholic acid, a thioether, e.g., beryl-S-tritylthiol, a thiocholesterol, an aliphatic chain, e.g., dodecandiol or undecyl residues, a phospholipid, e.g., di-hexadecyl-rac-glycerol or triethyl-ammonium 1,2-di-O-hexadecyl-rac-glycero-3-phosphonate, a polyamine or a polyethylene glycol chain, or adamantane acetic acid, a palmitoyl moiety, or an octadecylamine or hexylaminocarbonyloxycholesterol moiety

[0151] For example, in some embodiments, a terminal end of the oligonucleotide is protected from hydrolytic cleavage by at least one modified nucleotide at the terminal end. In some embodiments, the modified nucleotide is a modified nucleotide comprising a modified nucleotide comprising a 3-N modification, and may include a thiophosphoramidate subunit linkage. In some embodiments, the oligonucleotide strand further comprises at least one nucleotide (e.g. 1 or 2) at the 3 and/or 5 end that contains a thiophosphate intersubunit linkage and a thymine nucleobase. In some embodiments, the oligonucleotide strand further comprises at least one nucleotide (e.g. 1 or 2) at the 3 and/or 5 end that contains a 2-F, 2-OMe, 2-OEt, or 2-MOE modified nucleotide. In some embodiments, the oligonucleotide strand further comprises at least one 2-OMe modified nucleotide at the 3 and/or 5 end that contains a thiophosphate intersubunit linkage and a uracil nucleobase. In embodiments, the 3 end of the ASO is attached through an np or po linkage to a C6 amino linker further linked to GalNAc-6. For example, the following structures can exemplify this construct:

##STR00030##

In some embodiments, an inverted dT can be incorporated at the 3-end of the oligonucleotide strand, leading to a 3-3 linkage that may inhibit degradation by 3 exonucleases and/or extension by DNA polymerases.

[0152] In some embodiments, the oligonucleotides described herein are conjugated to one or more ligand targeting group or pharmacophore, optionally through a linking moiety, such as a HEG linker or a C6 amino linker. In some embodiments, the oligonucleotide strand further comprises a ligand-targeting group or a pharmacophore conjugated at the 5 and/or 3 end through an optional linker. In some embodiments, the conjugation is at the 3-end of the oligonucleotide strand.

[0153] In some embodiments, the ligand-targeting group or a pharmacophore enhances the activity, cellular distribution, or cellular uptake of the oligonucleotide by a particular type of cell such as hepatocytes.

[0154] In some embodiments, the ligand targeting group may be a lipid moiety such as a cholesterol moiety, tocopherols, cholic acid, a thioether, e.g., beryl-S-tritylthiol, a thiocholesterol, an aliphatic chain, e.g., dodecandiol or undecyl residues, a phospholipid, e.g., di-hexadecyl-rac-glycerol or triethyl-ammonium 1,2-di-O-hexadecyl-rac-glycero-3-phosphonate, a polyamine or a polyethylene glycol chain, or adamantane acetic acid, a palmitoyl moiety, or an octadecylamine or hexylaminocarbonyloxycholesterol moiety.

[0155] In some embodiments, the ligand-targeting group may be a naturally occurring substance, such as a protein (e.g., human serum albumin (HSA), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), or globulin).

[0156] In some embodiments, the ligand-targeting group may be a carbohydrate (e.g., a dextran, pullulan, chitin, chitosan, inulin, cyclodextrin, N-acetylgalactosamine, or hyaluronic acid). Carbohydrates include monosaccharides such as N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), disaccharides, trisaccharides, tetrasaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides. In certain embodiments of the compositions and methods of the invention, a ligand is one or more GalNAc derivatives attached such as two or three GalNAc derivatives attached to the oligonucleotide through a bivalent or trivalent-branched linker, respectively.

[0157] In embodiments, the oligonucleotide is linked to the targeting moiety through a linker, such as an amino alkyl linker (e.g., C6-NH.sub.2). For example, GAlNAc1-6 may be linked to the oligonucleotide through this type of linker.

[0158] In some embodiments, the ligand-targeting group may be a recombinant or synthetic molecule, such as a synthetic polymer, e.g., a synthetic polyamino acid. Examples of polyamino acids include polyamino acid is a polylysine (PLL), poly L-aspartic acid, poly L-glutamic acid, styrene-maleic acid anhydride copolymer, poly(L-lactide-co-glycolied) copolymer, divinyl ether-maleic anhydride copolymer, N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide copolymer (HMPA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyurethane, poly(2-ethylacryllic acid), N-isopropylacrylamide polymers, or polyphosphazine. Example of polyamines include: polyethylenimine, polylysine (PLL), spermine, spermidine, polyamine, pseudopeptide-polyamine, peptidomimetic polyamine, dendrimer polyamine, arginine, amidine, protamine, cationic lipid, cationic porphyrin, quaternary salt of a polyamine, or an alpha helical peptide. The ligand targeting group can also include targeting groups, e.g., a cell or tissue targeting agent, e.g., a lectin, glycoprotein, lipid or protein, e.g., an antibody, that binds to a specified cell type such as an hepatocyte.

[0159] In some embodiments, the ligand-targeting group is GalNAc or a derivative thereof. For example, the following GalNAc derivatives are included in some embodiments.

##STR00031## ##STR00032## ##STR00033## ##STR00034## ##STR00035## ##STR00036##

[0160] In some embodiments, the ligand-targeting group may be an aptamer. An aptamer refers to an oligonucleotide or peptide molecule that binds to a specific target molecule. For example, an aptamer can be selected to target a specific cell type in the body. When conjugated to the disclosed oligonucleotide, it can direct the oligonucleotide towards the targeted cells. In another example, an aptamer may target a viral protein, such as the core protein of HBV. See, e.g., Oncogene, 2001 Oct. 4; 20(45):6579-86; WO2011060557. The aptamer may specifically bind the reverse transcriptase primer or HBV reverse transcriptase or HBV Enhancer I core sequence, for example, as described in WO2002081494.

[0161] In some embodiments, the ligand targeting group may be selected from one or more of a thyrotropin, melanotropin, lectin, glycoprotein, surfactant protein A, Mucin carbohydrate, multivalent lactose, multivalent galactose, N-acetyl-galactosamine, N-acetyl-gulucoseamine multivalent mannose, multivalent fructose, glycosylated polyaminoacids, multivalent galactose, transferrin, bisphosphonate, polyglutamate, polyaspartate, a lipid, cholesterol, a steroid, bile acid, folate, vitamin B 12, vitamin A, biotin, a RGD peptide, or a RGD peptide mimetic.

[0162] Additional ligand targeting groups are disclosed, e.g., in WO2016077321, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

2. COMPOSITIONS

[0163] The present disclosure also encompasses pharmaceutical compositions comprising oligonucleotides of the present disclosure. One embodiment is a pharmaceutical composition comprising an oligonucleotide of Formula (I), (II), (III), (IV), (V), or (VI), or other oligonucleotide of the present disclosure and a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier.

[0164] In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition containing the oligonucleotide of the present disclosure is formulated for systemic administration via parenteral delivery. Parenteral administration includes intravenous, intra-arterial, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal or intramuscular injection or infusion; also subdermal administration, e.g., via an implanted device. In a preferred embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition containing the oligonucleotide of the present disclosure is formulated for subcutaneous (SC) or intravenous (IV) delivery. Formulations for parenteral administration may include sterile aqueous solutions, which may also contain buffers, diluents and other pharmaceutically acceptable additives as understood by the skilled artisan. For intravenous use, the total concentration of solutes may be controlled to render the preparation isotonic.

[0165] The pharmaceutical compositions containing the oligonucleotide of the present disclosure are useful for treating a disease or disorder, e.g., associated with the expression or activity of an HBV gene.

3. METHODS OF USE

[0166] One aspect of the present technology includes methods for treating a subject diagnosed as having, suspected as having, or at risk of having an HBV infection and/or an HBV-associated disorder. In therapeutic applications, compositions comprising the oligonucleotides of the present technology are administered to a subject suspected of, or already suffering from such a disease (such as, e.g., presence of an such as HBV antigen surface and envelope antigens (e.g., HBsAg and/or HBeAg) in the serum and/or liver of the subject, or elevated HBV DNA or HBV viral load levels), in an amount sufficient to cure, or at least partially arrest, the symptoms of the disease, including its complications and intermediate pathological phenotypes in development of the disease.

[0167] In some embodiments the oligonucleotides of the present technology show affinity to at least one of the following regions or HBV RNA transcripts in Table J.

TABLE-US-00009 TABLE J Targeted HBV Region RNA transcripts HBV Proteins affected Pol/S Pre-Core, Pg, HBeAg, HBcAg, Polymerase, Large HBsAg, Pre-S1, Pre-S2 Middle HBsAg, Small HBsAg Pol Pre-Core, Pg, HBeAg, HBcAg, Polymerase, Large HBsAg, Pre-S1, Pre-S2 Middle HBsAg, Small HBsAg Pol/X Pre-Core, Pg, HBeAg, HBcAg, Polymerase, Large HBsAg, Pre-S1, Pre-S2, X Middle HBsAg, Small HBsAg, HBxAg DR1 Pre-Core, Pg, HBeAg, HBcAg, Polymerase, Large HBsAg, Pre-S1, Pre-S2, X Middle HBsAg, Small HBsAg, HBxAg DR2 Pre-Core, Pg, HBeAg, HBcAg, Polymerase, Large HBsAg, Pre-S1, Pre-S2, X Middle HBsAg, Small HBsAg, HBxAg Pre- Pre-Core, Pg, HBeAg, HBcAg, Polymerase, Large HBsAg, PolyA Pre-S1, Pre-S2, X Middle HBsAg, Small HBsAg, HBxAg

[0168] Subjects suffering from an HBV infection and/or an HBV-associated disorder can be identified by any or a combination of diagnostic or prognostic assays known in the art. For example, typical symptoms of HBV infection and/or an HBV-associated disorder include, but are not limited to the presence of serum and/or liver HBV antigen (e.g., HBsAg and/or HBeAg), elevated ALT, elevated AST, the absence or low level of anti-HBV antibodies, liver injury, cirrhosis, delta hepatitis, acute hepatitis B, acute fulminant hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis B, liver fibrosis, end-stage liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, serum sickness-like syndrome, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, low-grade fever, myalgia, fatigability, disordered gustatory acuity and smell sensations (aversion to food and cigarettes), right upper quadrant and epigastric pain (intermittent, mild to moderate), hepatic encephalopathy, somnolence, disturbances in sleep pattern, mental confusion, coma, ascites, gastrointestinal bleeding, coagulopathy, jaundice, hepatomegaly (mildly enlarged, soft liver), splenomegaly, palmar erythema, spider nevi, muscle wasting, spider angiomas, vasculitis, variceal bleeding, peripheral edema, gynecomastia, testicular atrophy, abdominal collateral veins (caput medusa), high levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (within a range of 1000-2000 IU/mL), ALT levels higher than AST levels, elevated gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and/or alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, decreased albumin levels, elevated serum iron levels, leukopenia (i.e., granulocytopenia), lymphocytosis, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), shortened red blood cell survival, hemolysis, thrombocytopenia, a prolongation of the international normalized ratio (INR), the presence of serum HBV DNA, elevation of the aminotransferases (<5 times the ULN), increased bilirubin levels, prolonged prothrombin time (PT), hyperglobulinemia, the presence of tissue-nonspecific antibodies, such as anti-smooth muscle antibodies (ASMAs) or antinuclear antibodies (ANAs), the presence of tissue-specific antibodies, such as antibodies against the thyroid gland, elevated levels of rheumatoid factor (RF), hyperbilirubinemia, low platelet and white blood cell counts, AST levels higher than ALT levels, lobular inflammation accompanied by degenerative and regenerative hepatocellular changes, and predominantly centrilobular necrosis.

[0169] In some embodiments, subjects treated with the oligonucleotide composition of the present technology will show amelioration or elimination of one or more of the following conditions or symptoms: the presence of serum and/or liver HBV antigen (e.g., HBsAg and/or HBeAg), the absence or low level of anti-HBV antibodies, liver injury, cirrhosis, delta hepatitis, acute hepatitis B, acute fulminant hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis B, liver fibrosis, end-stage liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, serum sickness-like syndrome, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, low-grade fever, myalgia, fatigability, disordered gustatory acuity and smell sensations (aversion to food and cigarettes), right upper quadrant and epigastric pain (intermittent, mild to moderate), hepatic encephalopathy, somnolence, disturbances in sleep pattern, mental confusion, coma, ascites, gastrointestinal bleeding, coagulopathy, jaundice, hepatomegaly (mildly enlarged, soft liver), splenomegaly, palmar erythema, spider nevi, muscle wasting, spider angiomas, vasculitis, variceal bleeding, peripheral edema, gynecomastia, testicular atrophy, abdominal collateral veins (caput medusa), ALT levels higher than AST levels, leukopenia (i.e., granulocytopenia), decreased albumin levels, elevated serum iron levels, lymphocytosis, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), shortened red blood cell survival, hemolysis, thrombocytopenia, a prolongation of the international normalized ratio (INR), the presence of serum HBV DNA, prolonged prothrombin time (PT), hyperglobulinemia, the presence of tissue-nonspecific antibodies, such as anti-smooth muscle antibodies (ASMAs) or antinuclear antibodies (ANAs), the presence of tissue-specific antibodies, such as antibodies against the thyroid gland, hyperbilirubinemia, low platelet and white blood cell counts, AST levels higher than ALT levels, lobular inflammation accompanied by degenerative and regenerative hepatocellular changes, and predominantly centrilobular necrosis.

[0170] In some embodiments, subjects treated with the oligonucleotide composition of the present technology will show a reduction in the expression levels of one or more biomarkers selected from among alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin, and rheumatoid factor (RF), compared to untreated subjects suffering from an HBV infection and/or an HBV-associated disorder.

[0171] The present disclosure provides a method for treating a subject diagnosed as having, or suspected as having an HBV infection and/or an HBV-associated disorder comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of an oligonucleotide composition of the present technology.

[0172] The oligonucleotides and compositions of the present disclosure may be used in antisense therapy. For example, the oligonucleotide may contain a nucleobase sequence that is complementary or hybridizes to a target nucleic acid sequence of a known viral DNA or RNA sequence, for example, in HBV.

[0173] Some embodiments include a method of modulating expression of a target by contacting a target nucleic acid with an antisense compound comprising the oligonucleotide of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the target nucleic acid is in a cell, for example, in an animal such as a human.

[0174] Some embodiments, include a method of inhibiting expression of a target RNA in an animal, comprising administering to the animal an antisense compound comprising the oligonucleotide of the present disclosure. The oligonucleotide may be complementary or hybridize to a portion of the target RNA.

[0175] Some embodiments include a method for reducing the viral load of a virus in a subject infected with the virus comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a oligonucleotide or a composition of the present disclosure to the subject in need thereof thereby reducing the viral load of the virus in the subject. The oligonucleotide may be complementary or hybridize to a portion of the target RNA in the virus.

[0176] Some embodiments include a method for inhibition of viral gene expression in a cell or subject comprising contacting the cell with a oligonucleotide or a composition of the present disclosure, or administering a therapeutically effective amount of a oligonucleotide or a composition of the present disclosure to a subject in need thereof. The oligonucleotide may be complementary or hybridize to a portion of the target RNA in the virus.

[0177] Other embodiments include a method of reducing the level of a virus antigen in a subject infected with the virus, comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a oligonucleotide or composition of the present disclosure to the subject in need thereof thereby reducing the level of the virus antigen in the subject. The oligonucleotide may be complementary or hybridize to a portion of the target RNA in the virus.

[0178] The oligonucleotides and compositions of the present disclosure may be used, e.g., to inhibit or reduce Hepatitis B virus (HBV) gene expression or inhibit replication of a HBV virus or for treatment of a subject having HBV or for reducing the viral load of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) in a subject infected with HBV. In embodiments, the disclosed chimeric oligonucleotides are used to induce RNase H activity at a target gene.

[0179] The oligonucleotides and compositions of the present disclosure may be used, e.g., to compete for a micro-RNA binding site to HCV RNA thereby inhibiting replication.

[0180] The present disclosure is also directed to methods of stabilizing an oligonucleotide for delivery to a subject. Stabilization of an oligonucleotide is characterized [quantified] herein as increasing the melting point or temperature, T.sub.m, of an oligonucleotide.

[0181] The disclosed oligonucleotide constructs may be administered alone or in combination with one or more additional treatments for the targeted ailment. The disclosed oligonucleotide constructs may be administered alone or in combination with one or more additional treatments for HBV infection. In combination therapies, it is understood that the oligonucleotide constructs and one or more additional treatments for HBV infection may be administered simultaneously in the same or separate compositions, or administered separately, at the same time or sequentially.

[0182] In some embodiments, the disclosed oligonucleotide constructs are administered in combination with HBV replication inhibitors or immune modulator agents or in regimens that combine anti-HBV oligonucleotide agents with both HBV replication inhibitors and immune modulation agents. In embodiments, the disclosed oligonucleotide constructs are administered in combination with standard of care treatment for HBV infection. Standard of care treatment for HBV infection can include inhibitors of viral polymerase such as nucleotide/nucleotide analogs (e.g., Lamivudine, Telbivudine, Entecavir, Adefovir, Tenofovir, and Clevudine, Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), CMX157, and AGX-1009) and Interferons (e.g., Peg-IFN-2a and IFN--2b, Interferon lambda). In embodiments, the disclosed oligonucleotide constructs are administered in combination with one or more oligonucleotides after either simultaneous (co-administration) or sequential dosing. Oligonucleotides can include siRNA such as ALN-HBV, ARB-1467, ARC-520 and ARC-521, antisense oligonucleotides such as RG6004 (LNA HBV), Ionis-HBVRx and Ionis-HBV-LRx, miRNA mimics or inhibitors, aptamers, steric blockers, saRNA, shRNA, immunomodulatory and/or HBsAg release inhibiting such as REP 2139 and REP 2165 oligonucleotides. In embodiments, the disclosed oligonucleotide constructs are administered in combination with one or more antiviral agents such as viral replication inhibitors. In embodiments, the disclosed oligonucleotide constructs are administered in combination with HBV Capsid inhibitors. HBV capsid inhibitors can include NVR 3-778, AB-423, GLS-4, Bayer 41-4109, HAP-1, and AT-1. In embodiments, the disclosed oligonucleotide constructs are administered in combination with one or more immunomodulators such as TLR agonists. TLR agonists can include GS-9620, ARB-1598, ANA975, RG7795(ANA773), MEDI9197, PF-3512676, and IMO-2055. In embodiments, the disclosed oligonucleotide constructs are administered in combination with HBV vaccines. HBV vaccines can include Heplislav, ABX203, and INO-1800. In embodiments, the disclosed oligonucleotide constructs are administered in combination

[0183] Some embodiments include inhibition of HBV gene expression in a cell or subject comprising contacting the cell with an oligonucleotide or composition of the present disclosure, or administering a therapeutically effective amount of a oligonucleotide or composition of the present disclosure to a subject in need thereof.

[0184] Some embodiments include the treatment of a disease or disorder associated with the expression or activity of a HBV gene comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of an oligonucleotide or composition of the present disclosure to a subject in need thereof.

[0185] Some embodiments include a method for reducing the viral load of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) in a subject infected with HBV comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of an oligonucleotide or composition of the present disclosure to the subject in need thereof thereby reducing the viral load of HBV in the subject. Some embodiments also provide methods of reducing the viral load of Hepatitis D virus (HDV) in a subject infected with HDV.

[0186] Other embodiments include a method of reducing the level of a Hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigen in a subject infected with HBV comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of an oligonucleotide or composition of the present disclosure to the subject in need thereof thereby reducing the level of the HBV antigen in the subject. Some embodiments also provide methods of reducing the level of a Hepatitis D virus (HDV) antigen in a subject infected with HDV. In some embodiments, the HBV antigen is HBsAg or HBeAg.

[0187] In one embodiment, an oligonucleotide or composition of the present disclosure targeting HBV is administered to a subject having an HBV infection or both and HBV and an HDV infection, and/or an HBV-associated disease such that the expression of one or more HBV genes, HBV ccc DNA levels, HBV antigen levels, HBV viral load levels, ALT, and/or AST, e.g., in a cell, tissue, blood or other tissue or fluid of the subject are reduced by at least about 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 62%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or at least about 99% or more, or values between two of these numbers, upon administration to the subject of the oligonucleotide or composition of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the HBV antigen levels are decreased by the previously recited amount. In some embodiments the antigen is HBsAg or HBeAg. In some embodiments, the HBV viral load levels are decreased by the previously recited amount.

[0188] In one embodiment, a oligonucleotide or composition of the present disclosure targeting HBV is administered to a subject having an HBV infection or both and HBV and an HDV infection, and/or an HBV-associated disease such that the level of anti-HBV antibodies, e.g., in a cell, tissue, blood or other tissue or fluid of the subject are increased by at least about 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 62%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or at least about 99% or more, or values between two of these numbers, when the an oligonucleotide or composition of the present disclosure is administered to the subject.

[0189] Administration of the oligonucleotide or composition of the present disclosure according to the methods and uses of the disclosure may result in a reduction of the severity, signs, symptoms, and/or markers of such diseases or disorders in a patient with an HBV infection or both and HBV and an HDV infection, and/or HBV-associated disease. By reduction in this context is meant a statistically significant decrease in such level. The reduction can be, for example, at least about 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or about 100%, or values between two of these numbers.

[0190] The amount of an oligonucleotide or composition of the present disclosure may be determined by a medical professional. The daily dosage of the products may be varied over a wide range from 0.001 to 1,000 mg per adult human per day, or any range therein. For oral administration, the compositions are preferably provided in the form of tablets containing, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 25.0, 50.0, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 500 milligrams of the active ingredient for the symptomatic adjustment of the dosage to the patient to be treated. An effective amount of the drug is ordinarily supplied at a dosage level of from about 0.01 mg/kg to about 100 mg/kg of body weight per day, or any range therein. Preferably, the range is from about 0.01 to about 50.0 mg/kg of body weight per day, or any range therein. More preferably, from about 0.01 to about 10.0 mg/kg of body weight per day, or any range therein. More preferably, from about 0.01 to about 1.0 mg/kg of body weight per day, or any range therein. The oligonucleotides may be administered on a regimen of 1 to 4 times per day. For example, the oligonucleotides of the present disclosure may be administered at one or more doses of from about 0.1 mg/kg to about 100 mg/kg. For example, the disclosed oligonucleotides may be administered at a dose of about 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 4, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 5, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 6, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 7, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8, 7.9, 8, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.7, 8.8, 8.9, 9, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6, 9.7, 9.8, 9.9, 10, 10.5, 11, 11.5, 12, 12.5, 13, 13.5, 14, 14.5, 15, 15.5, 16, 16.5, 17, 17.5, 18, 18.5, 19, 19.5, 20, 20.5, 21, 21.5, 22, 22.5, 23, 23.5, 24, 24.5, 25, 25.5, 26, 26.5, 27, 27.5, 28, 28.5, 29, 29.5, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95 or about 100 mg/kg. Values and ranges intermediate to the recited values are also intended to be part of this disclosure. These values may apply to intravenous infusion and/or subcutaneous delivery. Other forms of delivery described herein may also be administered at these doses. The dosages may be varied depending upon the requirement of the patients, the severity of the condition being treated and the oligonucleotides being employed. The use of either daily administration or post-periodic dosing may be employed.

[0191] The oligonucleotides of the present disclosure can be administered by intravenous infusion over a period of time, such as over a 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, or about a 25 minute period. The administration may be repeated, for example, on a regular basis, such as weekly, biweekly (i.e., every two weeks) for one month, two months, three months, four months, or longer. After an initial treatment regimen, the treatments can be administered on a less frequent basis. For example, after administration weekly or biweekly for three months, administration can be repeated once per month, for six months or a year or longer.

[0192] The oligonucleotides of the present disclosure also can be administered by subcutaneous delivery. The administration may be repeated, for example, on a regular basis, such as weekly, biweekly (i.e., every two weeks) for one month, two months, three months, four months, or longer. After an initial treatment regimen, the treatments can be administered on a less frequent basis. For example, after administration weekly or biweekly for three months, administration can be repeated once per month, for six months or a year or longer.

[0193] Efficacy of treatment or prevention of disease can be assessed, for example by measuring disease progression, disease remission, symptom severity, reduction in pain, quality of life, dose of a medication required to sustain a treatment effect, level of a disease marker or any other measurable parameter appropriate for a given disease being treated or targeted for prevention. It is well within the ability of one skilled in the art to monitor efficacy of treatment or prevention by measuring any one of such parameters, or any combination of parameters. For example, efficacy of treatment of CHB may be assessed, for example, by periodic monitoring of viral load and transaminase levels. Comparison of the later readings with the initial readings provides an indication of whether the treatment is effective.

4. DEFINITIONS

[0194] It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The following definitions shall apply unless otherwise indicated.

[0195] The terms complementary or complementarity as used herein with reference to polynucleotides (i.e., a sequence of nucleotides such as an oligonucleotide or a target nucleic acid) refer to the base-pairing rules. The complement of a nucleic acid sequence as used herein refers to an oligonucleotide which, when aligned with the nucleic acid sequence such that the 5 end of one sequence is paired with the 3 end of the other, is in antiparallel association. For example, the sequence 5-A-G-T-3 is complementary to the sequence 3-T-C-A-5. Certain bases not commonly found in naturally occurring nucleic acids may be included in the nucleic acids described herein. These include, for example, inosine, 7-deazaguanine, Locked Nucleic Acids (LNA), and Peptide Nucleic Acids (PNA). Complementarity need not be perfect; stable duplexes may contain mismatched base pairs, degenerative, or unmatched bases. Those skilled in the art of nucleic acid technology can determine duplex stability empirically considering a number of variables including, for example, the length of the oligonucleotide, base composition, and sequence of the oligonucleotide, ionic strength, and incidence of mismatched base pairs. A complement sequence can also be an RNA sequence complementary to the DNA sequence or its complement sequence, and can also be a cDNA.

[0196] The term hybridize as used herein refers to a process where two substantially complementary nucleic acid strands (at least about 65% complementary over a stretch of at least 14 to 25 nucleotides, at least about 75%, or at least about 90% complementary) anneal to each other under appropriately stringent conditions to form a duplex or heteroduplex through formation of hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs. Hybridizations are typically, and preferably, conducted with probe-length nucleic acid molecules, preferably 15-100 nucleotides in length, more preferably 18-50 nucleotides in length. Nucleic acid hybridization techniques are well known in the art. See, e.g., Sambrook, et al., 1989, Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Second Edition, Cold Spring Harbor Press, Plainview, N.Y. Hybridization and the strength of hybridization (i.e., the strength of the association between the nucleic acids) is influenced by such factors as the degree of complementarity between the nucleic acids, stringency of the conditions involved, and the thermal melting point (T.sub.m) of the formed hybrid. Those skilled in the art understand how to estimate and adjust the stringency of hybridization conditions such that sequences having at least a desired level of complementarity will stably hybridize, while those having lower complementarity will not. For examples of hybridization conditions and parameters, see, e.g., Sambrook, et al., 1989, Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Second Edition, Cold Spring Harbor Press, Plainview, N.Y.; Ausubel, F. M. et al. 1994, Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, John Wiley & Sons, Secaucus, N.J. In some embodiments, specific hybridization occurs under stringent hybridization conditions. An oligonucleotide or polynucleotide (e.g., a probe or a primer) that is specific for a target nucleic acid will hybridize to the target nucleic acid under suitable conditions.

[0197] The term stringent hybridization conditions as used herein refers to hybridization conditions at least as stringent as the following: hybridization in 50% formamide, 5SSC, 50 mM NaH.sub.2PO.sub.4, pH 6.8, 0.5% SDS, 0.1 mg/mL sonicated salmon sperm DNA, and 5 Denhart's solution at 42 C. overnight; washing with 2SSC, 0.1% SDS at 45 C.; and washing with 0.2SSC, 0.1% SDS at 45 C. In another example, stringent hybridization conditions should not allow for hybridization of two nucleic acids, which differ over a stretch of 20 contiguous nucleotides by more than two bases.

[0198] The term substantially complementary as used herein means that two sequences hybridize under stringent hybridization conditions. The skilled artisan will understand that substantially complementary sequences need not hybridize along their entire length. In particular, substantially complementary sequences may comprise a contiguous sequence of bases that do not hybridize to a target sequence, positioned 3 or 5 to a contiguous sequence of bases that hybridize under stringent hybridization conditions to a target sequence.

[0199] Pharmaceutically acceptable refers to a material that is not biologically or otherwise undesirable, i.e., the material may be incorporated into a pharmaceutical composition administered to a patient without causing any undesirable biological effects or interacting in a deleterious manner with any of the other components of the composition in which it is contained. When the term pharmaceutically acceptable is used to refer to a pharmaceutical carrier or excipient, it is implied that the carrier or excipient has met the required standards of toxicological and manufacturing testing or that it is included on the Inactive Ingredient Guide prepared by the U.S. and Drug administration.

[0200] Constructs of the oligonucleotides can refer to an oligonucleotide of the present disclosure and, e.g., (1) a conjugated moiety, such as those described herein (such as targeting moieties) or (2) domains of modified/unmodified nucleotides, such as in some chimeric oligonucleotides.

[0201] Chimeric oligonucleotide refers to an oligonucleotide having more than one domain, for example, as exemplified by Formulae (VI) and (VII). The chimeric oligonucleotide may include additional components, e.g., a ligand-targeting group or a pharmacophore or additional nucleotides, linkers, etc.

[0202] Modified nucleoside refers to a nucleoside having, independently, a modified sugar moiety and/or modified nucleobase. It is understood that nucleosides can be linked through intersubunit linkages, such as phosphodiester intersubunit linkages, thiophosphate intersubunit linkages, phosphoramidate intersubunit linkages, and thiophosphoramidate intersubunit linkages Modified nucleotides may refer to a nucleoside and intersubunit linkage together.

[0203] Unmodified or natural nucleobases include the purine bases adenine (A) and guanine (G), and the pyrimidine bases thymine (T), cytosine (C) and uracil (U). Modified nucleobases include other synthetic and natural nucleobases such as 5-methylcytosine (5-me-C), 5-hydroxymethyl cytosine, xanthine, hypoxanthine, 2-aminoadenine, 6-methyl and other alkyl derivatives of adenine and guanine, 2-propyl and other alkyl derivatives of adenine and guanine, 2-thiouracil, 2-thiothymine and 2-thiocytosine, 5-halouracil and cytosine, 5-propynyl (CCCH.sub.3) uracil and cytosine and other alkynyl derivatives of pyrimidine bases, 6-azo uracil, cytosine and thymine, 5-uracil (pseudouracil), 4-thiouracil, 8-halo, 8-amino, 8-thiol, 8-thioalkyl, 8-hydroxyl and other 8-substituted adenines and guanines, 5-halo particularly 5-bromo, 5-trifluorometltyl and other 5-substituted uracils and cytosines, 7-methylguanine and 7-methyladenine, 2-F-adenine, 2-amino-adenine, 8-azaguanine and 8-azaadenine, 7-deazaguanine and 7-deazaadenine and 3-deazaguanine and 3-deazaadenine. Further modified nucleobases include tricyclic pyrimidines such as phenoxazine cytidine(1H-pyrimido[5,4-b][1,4]benzoxazin-2(3H)-one), phenothiazine cytidine (1H-pyrimido[5,4-b][1,4]benzothiazin-2(3H)-one), G-clamps such as a substituted phenoxazine cytidine (e.g. 9-(2-am-oe1hoxy)-H-pyrimido[5,4-b][1,4]benzoxazin-2(3H)-one), carbazole cytidine (2H-pyrimido[4,5-b]indol-2-one), pyridoindole cytidine (H-pyrido[3,2,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-one). Modified nucleobases may also include those in which the purine or pyrimidine base is replaced with other heterocycles, for example 7-deaza-adenine, 7-deazaguanosine, 2-aminopyridine, and 2-pyridone.

[0204] In some embodiments, the modified nucleobase is selected from the group consisting of 5-methylcytosine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 5-methyluracil, and a g-clamp. In some embodiments, the g-clamp is

##STR00037##

[0205] Ligand targeting group refers to a moiety that promotes delivery of the oligonucleotide to HBV infected hepatocytes through receptor binding. These groups include receptor targeting ligands, such as GalNAc and Cholesterol, which target cell surface receptor ASGPR and LDL receptor on cell surfaces, respectively. Other receptor targeting ligands that target these receptors on cell surfaces are also within the scope of this term.

[0206] Pharmacophore refers to an oligonucleotide drug sequence that interacts HBV DNA or RNA molecules within HBV/HDV or HBV-infected cells and triggers antiviral responses.

[0207] Conformationally restricted nucleoside refers to nucleosides having a bridged or bicyclic sugar structure wherein the conformation of the nucleoside may be fixed in a particular configuration. For example, conformationally restricted nucleosides include those with fixed C.sub.3-endo sugar puckering. Exemplary embodiments include bridged nucleic acids (BNAs), e.g., 2, 4-BNA nucleosides such as -L-Methyleneoxy (4-CH.sub.2O-2) LNA, -D-Methyleneoxy (4-CH.sub.2O-2) LNA, Ethyleneoxy (4-(CH.sub.2).sub.2O-2) ENA, 2,4-BNA.sup.NC[NH], 2,4-BNA.sup.NC[NMe], 2,4-BNA.sup.NC[NBn], aminooxy (4-CH.sub.2ON(R)-2) BNA, and oxyamino (4-CH.sub.2N(R)-0-2) BNA. Other exemplary BNA structures include but are not limited to, oligonucleotides having at least one bridge between the 4 and the 2 position of the sugar wherein each of the bridges independently comprises 1 or from 2 to 4 linked groups independently selected from [C(R.sub.1)(R.sub.2)].sub.n, C(R.sub.1)C(R.sub.2), C(R.sub.1)N, C(NR.sub.1), C(O), C(S), O, Si(R.sub.1).sub.2, S(O).sub.x, and N(R.sub.1); wherein: x is 0, 1, or 2; n is 1, 2, 3, or 4; each R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is, independently, H, a protecting group, hydroxyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.12 alkyl, substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.12alkenyl, substituted C.sub.2-C.sub.12 alkenyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.12 alkynyl, substituted C.sub.2-C.sub.12 alkynyl, C.sub.5-C.sub.20 aryl, substituted C.sub.5-C.sub.20 aryl, a heterocycle radical, a substituted heterocycle radical, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, C.sub.5-C.sub.7 alicyclic radical, substituted C.sub.5-C.sub.7 alicyclic radical, halogen, OJ.sub.1, NJ.sub.1J.sub.2, SJ.sub.1, N.sub.3, COOJ.sub.1, acyl (C(O)H), substituted acyl, CN, sulfonyl (S(O).sub.2-J.sub.1), or sulfoxyl (S(O)-J.sub.1); and each J.sub.1 and J.sub.2 is, independently, H, C.sub.1-C.sub.12 alkyl, substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.12 alkenyl, substituted C.sub.2-C.sub.12alkenyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.12 alkynyl, substituted C.sub.2-C.sub.12 alkynyl, C.sub.5-C.sub.20 aryl, substituted C.sub.5-C.sub.20 aryl, acyl (C(O)H), substituted acyl, a heterocycle radical, a substituted heterocycle radical, C.sub.1-C.sub.12 aminoalkyl, substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.12 aminoalkyl or a protecting group. Certain BNAs have been prepared and disclosed in the patent literature as well as in scientific literature (see for example: issued U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,053,207; 6,268,490; 6,770,748; 6,794,499; 7,034,133; 6,525,191; 7,696,345; 7,569,575; 7,314,923; 7,217,805; and 7,084,125, hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. Conformationally restricted nucleotide refers to conformationally restricted nucleosides linked through an intersubunit linkage.

[0208] In some embodiments, the conformationally restricted nucleoside is selected from optionally substituted LNA or optionally substituted ENA. The optionally substituted LNA or ENA may be substituted by an alkyl moiety, for example a methyl or ethyl on one of the CH.sub.2 moieties.

[0209] Inhibiting expression refers to a reduction or blockade of the expression or activity and does not necessarily indicate a total elimination of expression or activity.

[0210] Inhibiting replication of a virus refers to reduction or blockade of the replication of a virus and does not necessarily indicate a total elimination of replication of the virus.

[0211] Subject refers to mammals and includes humans and non-human mammals. In some embodiments, the subject is a human, such as an adult human.

[0212] Treating or treatment of a disease in a subject refers to (1) preventing the disease from occurring in a subject that is predisposed or does not yet display symptoms of the disease; (2) inhibiting the disease or arresting its development; or (3) ameliorating or causing regression of the disease.

[0213] Therapeutically effective amount means an amount of a pharmaceutical agent that provides a therapeutic benefit to a subject.

[0214] Pharmaceutically acceptable salt means physiologically and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of the present disclosure, i.e., salts that retain the desired biological activity of the parent oligonucleotide/compound and do not impart undesired toxicological effects thereto.

[0215] The following abbreviations are used in this disclosure. 2-H (deoxyribose) nucleosides are referred to by an uppercase letter corresponding to the nucleobase, e.g., A, C, G, and T. 2-OH (ribose) nucleosides are referred to by a lowercase r and an uppercase letter corresponding to the nucleobase, e.g., rA, rC, rG, and rU. 2-O-Me nucleosides are referred to by a lowercase m and an uppercase letter corresponding to the nucleobase, e.g., mA, mC, mG and mU. 2-MOE nucleosides are referred to by a lowercase moe and an uppercase letter corresponding to the nucleobase, e.g., moeA, moeC, moeG and moeU. 2-ribo-F nucleosides are referred to by a lowercase f and an uppercase letter corresponding to the nucleobase, e.g., fA, fC, fG and fU. 2-arabino-F nucleosides are referred to by a lowercase af and an uppercase letter corresponding to the nucleobase, e.g., afA, afC, afG and afU. mA* is 3-amino-2-OMe-2,6-Diaminopurine. A* is 3-amino-2-deoxy-2,6-Diaminopurine. fA* is 3-amino-2-F-2,6-Diaminopurine. LNA nucleosides are referred to by an L and an uppercase letter corresponding to the nucleobase, e.g., LA, LC, LG, LT.

[0216] For the backbone or intersubunit linkages of the nucleotides, phosphodiester intersubunit linkages are referred to as PO or are generally not included in sequence details; thiophosphate intersubunit linkages are abbreviated as lowercase ps; phosphoramidate intersubunit linkages are abbreviated as lowercase np; and thiophosphoramidate intersubunit linkages are abbreviated as lowercase nps.

[0217] N3.fwdarw.P5 refers to modified nucleotides having intersubunit linkages where the 3 moiety contains N (e.g., NH) and is linked through a P. For example, the following structure has a N3.fwdarw.P5 linkage:

##STR00038##

[0218] It is noted that, as used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms a, an, and the include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It is further noted that the claims may be drafted to exclude any optional element. As such, this statement is intended to serve as antecedent basis for use of such exclusive terminology as solely, only and the like in connection with the recitation of claim elements, or use of a negative limitation.

[0219] The term about will be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art and will vary to some extent depending upon the context in which it is used. If there are uses of the term which are not clear to persons of ordinary skill in the art given the context in which it is used, about will mean up to plus or minus 10% of the particular term. Certain ranges are presented herein with numerical values being preceded by the term about. The term about is used herein to provide literal support for the exact number that it precedes, as well as a number that is near to or approximately the number that the term precedes. In determining whether a number is near to or approximately a specifically recited number, the near or approximating unrecited number may be a number, which, in the context in which it is presented, provides the substantial equivalent of the specifically recited number.

[0220] It is also to be appreciated that the various modes of treatment or prevention of the diseases or conditions described herein are intended to mean substantial, which includes total but also less than total treatment or prevention, and wherein some biologically or medically relevant result is achieved. The treatment may be a continuous prolonged treatment for a chronic disease or a single, or few time administrations for the treatment of an acute condition.

[0221] Where a range of values is provided, it is understood that each intervening value, to the tenth of the unit of the lower limit unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, between the upper and lower limit of that range and any other stated or intervening value in that stated range, is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included in the smaller ranges and are also encompassed within the invention, subject to any specifically excluded limit in the stated range. Where the stated range includes one or both of the limits, ranges excluding either or both of those included limits are also included in the invention.

[0222] This disclosure is not limited to particular embodiments described, as such may vary. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting, since the scope of the present invention will be limited only by the appended claims.

[0223] As will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reading this disclosure, each of the individual embodiments described and illustrated herein has discrete components and features which may be readily separated from or combined with the features of any of the other several embodiments without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Any recited method can be carried out in the order of events recited or in any other order that is logically possible.

[0224] All publications and patents cited in this specification are herein incorporated by reference as if each individual publication or patent were specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference and are incorporated herein by reference to disclose and describe the methods and/or materials in connection with which the publications are cited. The citation of any publication is for its disclosure prior to the filing date and should not be construed as an admission that the present invention is not entitled to antedate such publication by virtue of prior invention. Further, the dates of publication provided may be different from the actual publication dates that may need to be independently confirmed.

5. EXAMPLES

[0225] The following examples illustrate certain embodiments of the present disclosure to aid the skilled person in practicing the disclosure. Accordingly, the examples are in no way considered to limit the scope of the disclosure.

[0226] Methods of Making

[0227] All the monomers were dried in vacuum desiccator with desiccants (KOH and P.sub.2O.sub.5, RT 24 h). Synthesis solid supports (CPG) attached to the first 5 residue were obtained from commercially available sources. All other synthesis reagents and solvents were obtained from commercially available sources and used as such. The chemicals and solvents for post synthesis workflow were purchased from commercially available sources and used without any purification or treatment. Solvent (Acetonitrile) and solutions (amidite and activator) were stored over molecular sieves during synthesis.

[0228] The control, nuclease stabilized, 3-cholesterol, 3-Tocopherol and 3-GalNAc conjugated antisense oligonucleotides used in this study are shown, e.g., in Tables 10-13. The antisense oligonucleotides were synthesized on an ABI-394 synthesizer using the standard 93-step cycle written by the manufacturer. The solid support was controlled pore glass and the monomers contained standard protecting groups. Each oligonucleotide was individually synthesized using commercially available 5-O-(4,4-dimethoxytrityl)-3-O-(2-cyanoethyl-NN-diisopropyl) DNA and or 2-O-Me phosphoramidite monomers of 6-N-benzoyladenosine (A.sup.Bz), 4-N-acetylcytidine (C.sup.Ac), 2-N-isobutyrylguanosine (G.sup.iBu), and Thymidine (T), according to standard solid phase oligonucleotide synthesis protocols. The phosphoramidites were purchased from commercially available sources. The 2-O-Me-2,6,diaminopurine phosphoramidite was purchased from commercially available sources. The DDTT ((dimethylamino-methylidene) amino)-3H-1,2,4-dithiazaoline-3-thione was used as the sulfur-transfer agent for the synthesis of oligoribonucleotide phosphorothioates. Modified oligonucleotides were obtained using an extended coupling of 0.1M solution of phosphoramidite in CH.sub.3CN in the presence of 5-(ethylthio)-1H-tetrazole activator to a solid bound oligonucleotide followed by standard capping, oxidation and deprotection. The stepwise coupling efficiency of all modified phosphoramidites was more than 98%. Oligonucleotide-bearing solid supports were heated with aqueous ammonia/ethanol (3:1) solution at 55 C. for 8 h to deprotect the base labile protecting groups.

[0229] The cholesterol and tocopherol conjugated oligonucleotides were obtained by starting solid phase synthesis on cholesterol and Tocopherol support attach on TEG linker and final coupling of the phosphoramidite to the support-bound oligonucleotide. The GalNAc conjugated ASOs were synthesized from a hydroxyprolinol-GalNAc solid support. GalNAc was tethered to trans-4-hydroxyprolinol via a 6-aminohexanoate linkage to obtain a hydroxyprolinol-GalNAc moiety that was subsequently attached to a functionalized control pore glass (CPG) to obtain the solid support.

[0230] The unconjugated and GalNAc modified oligonucleotides were purified by anion-exchange HPLC. The buffers were 20 mM sodium phosphate in 10% CH.sub.3CN, pH 8.5 (buffer A) and 20 mM sodium phosphate in 10% CH.sub.3CN, 1.8 M NaBr, pH 8.5 (buffer B). Fractions containing full-length oligonucleotides were pooled, desalted and lyophilized.

[0231] The cholesterol and tocopherol conjugated sequences were purified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on an in-house packed RPC-Source15 reverse-phase column. The buffers were 20 mM NaOAc in 10% CH.sub.3CN (buffer A) and 20 mM NaOAc in 70% CH.sub.3CN (buffer B). Analytical HPLC and ES LC-MS established the integrity of the oligonucleotides.

##STR00039##

[0232] Synthesis of Phosphoramidate (NP) and Thiophosphoramidate (NPS) Modified Oligonucleotides

[0233] The NP and NPS modified oligonucleotides were synthesized on an ABI-394 synthesizer using the 93-step cycle written with modifications to deblock, coupling and wait steps. The solid support was 3-NHTr-5-LCAA-CPG. Each oligonucleotide was individually synthesized using 3-NH-Tr-5-O-(2-cyanoethyl-N,N-diisopropyl) DNA phosphoramidite monomers of 6-N-benzoyladenosine (A.sup.Bz), 4-N-Benzylcytidine (C.sup.Bz), 2-N-isobutyrylguanosine (G.sup.iBu), and Thymidine (T), according to standard solid phase phosphoramidite chemistry protocols by using the procedure described in Nucleic Acids Research, 1995, Vol. 23, No. 14 2661-2668.

##STR00040##

[0234] 3-NHTr-DNA Building Blocks for Oligomer Synthesis

[0235] The 2-F 3-NH-MMtr-5-O-(2-cyanoethyl-N,N-diisopropyl) Uridine (U) and 4-N-benzoylcytidine (C.sup.Bz) phosphoramidite monomers) were synthesized by using the procedure described in Nucleic Acids Research, 1996, Vol. 24, No. 15, 2966-2973

##STR00041##

2-F 3-NH-MMTr-5-O-(2-cyanoethyl-N,N-diisopropyl) 6-N-benzoyladenosine (A.sup.Bz), 2-N-isobutyrylguanosine (G.sup.iBu), were synthesized as the procedure described below

##STR00042## ##STR00043## ##STR00044##

Preparation of PH-1

[0236] ##STR00045##

[0237] To a solution of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol (300 g, 1.123 mol, 1.00 equiv) in N,N-dimethylformamide (7500 mL) with an inert atmosphere of nitrogen, was added triphenylphosphine (735 g, 2.802 mol, 2.50 equiv). The resulting solution was stirred for 15 min at 0 C. This was followed by the addition of a solution of diethyl azodicarboxylate (449.4 g, 2.581 mol, 2.54 equiv.) in N, N-dimethylformamide (7500 mL) dropwise with stirring at 0 C. in 60 min. The resulting solution was stirring, for 2 h at 25 C. The resulting mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The product was precipitated by the addition of ether. The solids were collected by filtration. The crude product was purified by re-crystallization from methanol. The solid was dried in an oven under reduced pressure. This resulted in 186 g (66%) of PH-1 as a white solid. 1H-NMR (DMSO-d.sub.6, 400 MHz): 8.34-8.07 (m, 2H), 7.44-7.26 (m, 2H), 6.30-6.21 (m, 1H), 5.07-4.95 (m, 1H), 4.33-4.20 (m, 1H), 4.15-4.03 (m, 2H), 3.71-3.50 (m, 2H).

Preparation of PH-2

[0238] ##STR00046##

[0239] To a solution of PH-1 (100 g, 401.2 mmol, 1.00 equiv.) in pyridine (1000 mL) with an inert atmosphere of nitrogen, was added benzoyl chloride (175 g, 1.245 mol, 3.10 equiv.) dropwise with stirring at 0 C. in 30 min. The resulting solution was stirred for 3 h at 25 C. The resulting solution was diluted with 400 mL of ethyl acetate. The resulting mixture was washed with 3300 mL of water and 2300 mL of saturated sodium bicarbonate solution respectively. The resulting mixture was washed with 1300 mL of saturated sodium chloride solution. The mixture was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was applied onto a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (2/1). This resulted in 157 g (70%) of PH-2 as a white solid.

Preparation of PH-3

[0240] ##STR00047##

[0241] To a solution of PH-2 (30 g, 53.42 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in N,N-dimethylformamide (300 mL) with an inert atmosphere of nitrogen, was added ammonium chloride (5.7 g, 106.56 mmol, 2.00 equiv) and sodium azide (34.8 g, 535.30 mmol, 10.00 equiv) in order. The resulting solution was stirred for 5 h at 50 C. The resulting solution was diluted with 2000 mL of dichloromethane. The resulting mixture was washed with 32000 mL of water, 12000 mL of saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and 12000 mL of saturated sodium chloride solution respectively. The mixture was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. This resulted in 24 g (90%) of PH-3 and PH-3S (5:1) as a white solid.

Preparation of PH-4

[0242] ##STR00048##

[0243] To a solution of PH-3 and PH-3S (5:1) (10 g, 19.98 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in tetrahydrofuran (100 mL) with an inert atmosphere of nitrogen, was added 1, 8-Diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene (10.69 g, 70.22 mmol, 3.50 equiv). This was followed by the addition of perfluorobutylsulfonyl fluoride (12.69 g, 2.10 equiv) dropwise with stirring at 0 C. in 10 min. The resulting solution was stirred for 1.5 h at 0 C. The resulting solution was diluted with 200 mL of dichloromethane. The resulting mixture was washed with 3200 mL of water, 1200 mL of saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and 1200 mL of saturated sodium chloride solution respectively. The mixture was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was re-crystallized from ethyl acetate/petroleum ether in the ratio of 1:1. This resulted in 6 g (60%) of PH-4 and PH-4S (5:1) as a white solid. MS m/z [M+H]+ (ESI): 503.

##STR00049##

[0244] To a solution of PH-4 and PH-4S (5:1) (10 g, 19.90 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in tetrahydrofuran (150 mL), was added 10% palladium carbon (3.0 g). The flask was evacuated and flushed three times with nitrogen, followed by flushing with hydrogen. The resulting solution was stirred for 1 h at room temperature. The solids were filtered out. The resulting mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product (10 g) was purified by Flash-Prep-HPLC with the following conditions (IntelFlash-1): Column, C18; mobile phase, waters and acetonitrile (30% acetonitrile up to 50% in 30 min); Detector, UV 254 nm. This resulted in 7 g (74%) of PH-5 as a white solid and 1.0 g of PH-5S as a white solid. MS m/z [M+H]+ (ESI): 477.

Preparation of PH-6

[0245] ##STR00050##

[0246] To a solution of PH-5 (4 g, 8.40 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in pyridine (40 mL) with an inert atmosphere of nitrogen, was added 4-dimethylaminopyridine (1.5 g, 12.28 mmol, 1.50 equiv) and 4-methoxytriphenylmethyl chloride (10.3 g, 4.00 equiv) in order. The resulting solution was stirred for 16 h at 25 C. The resulting solution was diluted with 300 mL of dichloromethane. The resulting mixture was washed with 1300 mL of water and 3300 mL of saturated sodium bicarbonate solution. The resulting mixture was washed with 1300 mL of saturated sodium chloride solution respectively. The mixture was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was applied onto a silica gel column with dichloromethane/methanol (100/1). This resulted in 5.7 g (91%) of PH-6 as a white solid.

Preparation of PH-7

[0247] ##STR00051##

[0248] To a solution of PH-6 (5 g, 6.68 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in pyridine/methanol/water (32.2/14.7/2.4 mL), was added sodium hydroxide (2 mol/L) (7.2 mL, 1.10 equiv) dropwise with stirring at 0 C. in 5 min. The resulting solution was stirred for 20 min at 0 C. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of 200 mL of ice water. The resulting solution was extracted with 400 mL of dichloromethane and the organic layers combined. The resulting mixture was washed with 1300 mL of water and 1300 mL of saturated sodium chloride solution. The mixture was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was applied onto a silica gel column with methanol/dichloromethane (1:100). This resulted in 4.3 g (100%) of PH-7 as a white solid. MS m/z [M+H]+ (ESI): 645.

Preparation of PH-8

[0249] ##STR00052##

[0250] To a solution of PH-7 (19.4 g, 35.89 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (200 mL) with an inert atmosphere of nitrogen, was added 3-([bis [bis (propan-2-yl) amino] phosphanyl] oxy) propanenitrile (11.79 g, 39.12 mmol, 1.30 equiv). This was followed by the addition of 4, 5-Dicyanoimidazole (4.26 g, 1.20 equiv) at 0 C. The resulting solution was stirred for 30 min at room temperature. The resulting solution was diluted with 1000 mL of dichloromethane. The resulting mixture was washed with 3800 mL of saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and 1800 mL of sodium chloride solution respectively. The mixture was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by Flash-Prep-HPLC with the following conditions: Column, C18; mobile phase, waters and acetonitrile (40% acetonitrile up to 80% in 6 min); Detector, UV 254 nm. This resulted in 15.2 g (50%) of PH-8 as a white solid. MS m/z [M+H]+ (ESI): 845.

##STR00053## ##STR00054## ##STR00055## ##STR00056##

Preparation of PH-11

[0251] ##STR00057##

[0252] To a solution of 2-amino-9-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-6,9-dihydro-1H-purin-6-one (700 g, 2.47 mol, 1.00 equiv) in N,N-dimethylformamide (7 L) with an inert atmosphere of nitrogen, was added imidazole (504 g, 7.41 mol, 3.00 equiv). This was followed by the addition of 1, 3-Dichloro-1, 1, 3, 3-tetraisopropyldisiloxane (770 g, 2.44 mol, 1.00 equiv) dropwise with stirring at 20 C. The resulting solution was stirred for 16 h at 20 C. The reaction solution was then poured into 70 L of water/ice. The solids were collected by filtration. This resulted in 1200 g (92%) of PH-11 as a white solid. MS m/z [M+H]+ (ESI): 526.

Preparation of PH-12

[0253] ##STR00058##

[0254] To a solution of PH-11 (530 g, 1.01 mol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (5000 mL) with an inert atmosphere of nitrogen, was added pyridine (725 g, 9.17 mol, 9.00 equiv) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (147 g, 1.20 mol, 1.20 equiv) in order. This was followed by the addition of trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (426 g, 1.51 mol, 1.20 equiv) dropwise with stirring at 0 C. The resulting solution was stirred for 15 min at 0 C. Then the resulting solution was allowed to react with stirring, for an additional 2 h at 20 C. The resulting solution was diluted with 5000 mL of dichloromethane. The resulting solution was washed with 23000 mL of saturated sodium bicarbonate and 13000 mL of saturated sodium chloride respectively. The solution was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. This resulted in 600 g (90%) of PH-12 as a brown solid.

[0255] The product was used in the next step directly without further purification.

Preparation of PH-13

[0256] ##STR00059##

[0257] To a solution of PH-12 (200 g, 304.04 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in N,N-dimethylformamide (1000 mL) with an inert atmosphere of argon, was added sodium nitrite (115 g, 1.67 mol, 5.00 equiv). The resulting mixture was stirred for 16 h at 25 C. The resulting solution was poured into 5000 ml water/ice. The solids were collected by filtration. The crude product was re-crystallized from dichloromethane/acetonitrile in the ratio of 1/4 (50 ml/g). This resulted in 78 g (49% over last two steps) of PH-13 as a solid. MS m/z [M+H]+ (ESI): 526.

Preparation of PH-14

[0258] ##STR00060##

[0259] To a solution of PH-13 (50 g, 95.10 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in tetrahydrofuran (500 mL) with an inert atmosphere of nitrogen, was added tetrabutylammonium fluoride (95 mL, 1.00 equiv, 1N in tetrahydrofuran). The resulting mixture was stirred for 12 h at 20 C. The resulting mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude was re-crystallized from methanol/ethyl acetate in the ratio of 1/5 (20 ml/g) three times. The solids were collected by filtration, and then purified by Flash with the following conditions: Column, C18 silica gel; mobile phase, waters and acetonitrile (2% acetonitrile up to 10% in 10 min); Detector, UV 254 nm. This resulted in 16 g (59%) of PH-14 as a brown solid. 1H-NMR (DMSO-d.sub.6, 400 MHz): 10.44 (s, 1H), 6.49 (s, 2H), 6.02 (s, 1H), 5.55-5.65 (m, 2H), 5.10 (s, 1H), 4.08 (m, 2H), 3.76 (m, 1H), 3.64 (m, 1H).

Preparation of PH-15

[0260] ##STR00061##

[0261] To solution of PH-14 (220 g, 776.72 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in N,N-dimethylformamide (2000 mL) with an inert atmosphere of argon, was added triphenylphosphine (509 g, 1.94 mol, 2.50 equiv). The resulting solution was stirred for 1.5 h at 0 C. To this was added diethyl azodicarboxylate (338 g, 1.94 mol, 2.50 equiv) dropwise with stirring at 0 C. The resulting solution was stirred for 2 h at room temperature. The resulting mixture was poured into 20 L cold ethyl ether. The solids were collected by filtration, then re-crystallized from methanol/ethyl acetate in the ratio of 1/10 (10 ml/g). This resulted in 100 g (49%) of PH-15 as a brown solid. MS m/z [M+H]+ (ESI): 266.

Preparation of PH-16

[0262] ##STR00062##

[0263] To a solution of PH-15 (100 g, 377.0 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in N,N-dimethylformamide (1000 mL) with an inert atmosphere of nitrogen, was added imidazole (77 g, 1.131 mol, 3.00 equiv). This was followed by the addition of tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride (142 g, 942 mmol, 1.50 equiv.) dropwise with stirring at 0 C. The resulting solution was stirred for 2 h at room temperature. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of methanol. The resulting mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was applied onto a silica gel column with dichloromethane/methanol (100:115:1). This resulted in 80 g (85%) of PH-16 as a solid. MS m/z [M+H]+ (ESI): 380.

Preparation of PH-17

[0264] ##STR00063##

[0265] To a solution of PH-16 (73 g, 192.37 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in pyridine (730 mL) with an inert atmosphere of nitrogen, was added 4-dimethylaminopyridine (23.5 g, 192.35 mmol, 0.50 equiv). This was followed by the addition of isobutyric anhydride (213 g, 1.35 mol, 5.00 equiv) dropwise with stirring. The resulting solution was stirred for 3 h at 50 C. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of ice water. The resulting solution was extracted with 32000 mL of dichloromethane and the organic layers combined. The resulting mixture was washed with 32000 mL of saturated sodium bicarbonate, 32000 mL of water and 32000 mL of saturated sodium chloride respectively. The organic layers was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was applied onto a silica gel column with dichloromethane/methanol (100:120:1). This resulted in 52 g (60%) of PH-17 as a yellow solid. MS m/z [M+H]+ (ESI): 450.

Preparation of PH-18

[0266] ##STR00064##

[0267] To a solution of PH-17 (20 g, 44.4 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in N, N-dimethylformamide (100 mL) with an inert atmosphere of nitrogen was added sodium azide (18 g, 267 mmol, 6.00 equiv). The resulting solution was stirred for 2 h at 80 C. The resulting mixture was diluted with 1000 mL of dichloromethane. The resulting solution was washed with 31000 mL of saturated sodium bicarbonate, 31000 mL of water and 31000 mL of saturated sodium chloride respectively. The solution was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was applied onto a silica gel column with dichloromethane/methanol (100/1-40/1). This resulted in 11 g (50%) of PH-18/PH-18S (5.2:1) as a yellow solid. MS m/z [M+H]+ (ESI): 493

Preparation of PH-19

[0268] ##STR00065##

[0269] To a solution of PH-18/PH-18S (5.2:1) (16 g, 37.87 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dichloromethane (160 mL), was added pyridine (23 g, 290.77 mmol, 9.00 equiv) and dimethylaminopyridine (4.35 g, 35.66 mmol, 1.20 equiv). This was followed by the addition of 1, 3-bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl)trioxidane (11.9 g, 37.88 mmol, 1.20 equiv) dropwise with stirring at 0 C. The resulting solution was stirred for 2 h at 20 C. The reaction was quenched by the addition of water/ice. The resulting mixture was extracted with 21000 mL of dichloromethane and the organic layers combined. The resulting solution was washed with 11000 mL of saturated sodium chloride. The resulting solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. This resulted in 16 g (68%) of PH-19/PH-19S as a brown solid. The product was used in the next step directly without further purification.

Preparation of PH-20

[0270] ##STR00066##

[0271] To a solution of PH-19/PH-19S (16 g, 25.61 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in tetrahydrofuran (160 mL) with an inert atmosphere of argon, was added tetrabutylammonium fluoride (100 mL, 5.00 equiv) dropwise with stirring at 0 C. The resulting solution was stirred for 5 h at room temperature. The resulting solution was diluted with 1000 mL of dichloromethane. The resulting solution was washed with 1500 mL of water and 1500 mL of saturated sodium chloride respectively. The resulting solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was applied onto a silica gel column with dichloromethane/methanol (100/120/1). This resulted in 8 g (85%) of PH-20/PH-20S (7:1) a yellow solid. MS m/z [M+H]+ (ESI): 381.

Preparation of PH-21

[0272] ##STR00067##

[0273] To a solution of PH-20/PH-20S (3.4 g, 8.94 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in methanol (50 mL) was added 10% palladium carbon (1.7 g). The flask was evacuated and flushed three times with nitrogen, followed by flushing with hydrogen. The resulting solution was stirred for 1 h at room temperature. The resulting solution was diluted with 100 mL of methanol. The solids were filtered out. The resulting solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by Flash-Prep-HPLC with the following conditions: Column, C18 silica gel; mobile phase, waters and acetonitrile (5% acetonitrile up to 50% in 35 min); Detector, UV 254 nm. This resulted in 1.7 g (54%) of PH-21 as a white solid. 1H-NMR (DMSO-d.sub.6, 400 MHz): 12.13 (s, 1H), 11.91 (s, 1H), 8.91 (s, 2H), 8.23 (s, 2H), 7.25 (m, 1H), 5.78 (m, 1H), 4.62-3.72 (m, 4H), 2.92 (m, 1H), 1.13 (s, 6H).

Preparation of PH-22

[0274] ##STR00068##

[0275] To a solution of PH-21 (6.0 g, 16.95 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in pyridine/N,N-diisopropylethylamine (100/20 mL) with an inert atmosphere of argon, was added 1-(chlorodiphenylmethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (6.24 g, 20.34 mmol, 1.20 equiv). The resulting solution was stirred for 16 h at room temperature. The resulting solution was diluted with 1000 ml of dichloromethane. The resulting solution was washed with 1250 mL of saturated sodium bicarbonate, 1250 ml of water and 1250 mL of saturated sodium chloride respectively. The residue was applied onto a silica gel column with dichloromethane/methanol (100/150/1). This resulted in 13 g (74%) of PH-22 as a white solid. 1H-NMR (DMSO-d.sub.6, 400 MHz): 12.15 (s, 1H), 11.70 (s, 1H), 8.14 (s, 1H), 7.49 (m, 4H), 7.24 (m, 6H), 7.15 (m, 2H), 6.72 (m, 2H), 5.82 (m, 1H), 5.30 (m, 1H), 4.04 (m, 3H), 3.62 (s, 3H), 3.45 (m, 1H), 2.83-2.62 (m, 3H), 1.10 (m, 6H).

Preparation of PH-23

[0276] ##STR00069##

[0277] To a solution of PH-22 (7.8 g, 12.45 mmol, 1.00 equiv.) in dichloromethane (80 mL) with an inert atmosphere of argon, was added 3-(bis[bis(propan-2-yl)amino]phosphanyloxy)propanenitrile (7.5 g, 24.92 mmol, 2.00 equiv.) and 4,5-dicyanoimidazole (2.2 g, 18.63 mmol, 1.50 equiv.) in order. The resulting solution was stirred for 2 h at room temperature. The resulting mixture was diluted with 1000 mL of dichloromethane. The resulting solution was washed with 3250 mL of saturated sodium bicarbonate, 3250 mL of water and 3250 mL of saturated sodium chloride respectively. The resulting solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by Flash-Prep-HPLC with the following conditions: Column, C18 silica gel; mobile phase, waters and acetonitrile (40% acetonitrile up to 95% in 35 min); Detector, UV 254 nm. This resulted in 8.06 g (78%) of PH-23 as a white solid. MS m/z [M+H]+ (ESI): 827.

[0278] 2-F-3-NHTr Building Blocks for Oligomer Synthesis

[0279] The 2-O-Me 3-NH-MMTr-5-O-(2-cyanoethyl-N,N-diisopropyl) phosphoramidite monomers of 6-N-benzoyladenosine (A.sup.Bz), 4-N-Benzylcytidine (C.sup.Bz), 2-N-isobutyrylguanosine (G.sup.iBu), and Uridine (U) as shown below were synthesized using the procedure described in WO 200118015 A1

##STR00070##

[0280] 2-O-Me-3-NHTr Building Blocks for Oligomer Synthesis

[0281] Exemplary phosphoroamidates include:

TABLE-US-00010 Raw material description 3-NHTr-dA(Bz) 3-NHTr-dC(Bz) 3-NHTr-dG(iBu) 3-NHTr-T: 3-NHMMTr-2-F-A(NH-Bz) 3-NHMMTr-2-F-C(NH-Bz) 3-NHMMTr-2-F-G(NH-iBu) 3-NHMMTr-2-F-U: 3-NHMMTr-2-OMe-A(NH-Bz) 3-NHMMTr-2-OMe-C(NH-Bz) 3-NHMMTr-2-OMe-G(NH-iBu) 3-NHMMTr-2-OMe U: 3-NHTr (dA, dC, dG and dT)-CPG 500 : Loading: 64-83 mol/g
The reverse phosphoramidite 3-O-DMT-deoxy Adenosine (NH-Bz), 5-O-(2-cyanoethyl-N,N-diisopropyl phosphoramidite, 3-O-DMT-deoxy Guanonosine (NH-ibu), 5-O-(2-cyanoethyl-N,N-diisopropyl phosphoramidite, 3-O-DMT-deoxy Cytosine (NH-Bz), 5-O-(2-cyanoethyl-N,N-diisopropyl phosphoramidite, 3-O-DMT-deoxy Thymidine (NH-Bz), 5-O-(2-cyanoethyl-N,N-diisopropyl phosphoramidite and reverse solid supports were purchased from commercially-available sources (Chemgenes).

##STR00071##

[0282] Reverse DNA Building Blocks for Oligomer Synthesis

[0283] Exemplary reverse phosphoroamidites used for this disclosure include:

TABLE-US-00011 Raw material description 3-O-DMTr-2-OMe-A(NH-Bz) 3-O-DMTr-2-OMe-C(NH-Bz) 3-O-DMTr-2-OMe-G(NH-iBu) 3-O-DMTr-2-OMe-U: 3-ODMTr (dA, dC, dG and dT)-CPG 500 : Loading: 64-83 mol/g

[0284] For making the oligomers with the following modifications: 2-FNPS-PS-2-F-NPS; 2-FNP-PS-2-F-NP; 2-OMe-NP-PS-2-OMe-NP; 2-OMe-NPS-DNA-PS-2-OMe-NPS, the synthesis was carried out on a 1 M scale in a 5 to 3 direction with the 5-phosphoramidite monomers diluted to a concentration of 0.1 M in anhydrous CH.sub.3CN in the presence of 5-(benzylthio)-1H-tetrazole activator (coupling time 2.0-4.0 min) to a solid bound oligonucleotide followed by standard capping, oxidation and deprotection afforded modified oligonucleotides. The stepwise coupling efficiency of all modified phosphoramidites was more than 98%. The DDTT (dimethylamino-methylidene) amino)-3H-1, 2, 4-dithiazaoline-3-thione was used as the sulfur-transfer agent for the synthesis of oligoribonucleotide phosphorothioates. Oligonucleotide-bearing solid supports were heated at room temperature with aqueous ammonia/Methylamine (1:1) solution for 3 h in shaker to cleavage from support and deprotect the base labile protecting groups.

Examples 1-4

[0285] ##STR00072##

[0286] The appropriately protected 2-O-methoxy ethyl-3-aminonucleoside-5-phosphoramidite building blocks (examples 1-4 were prepared after chemical transformations shown in Schemes 1-4.

[0287] First for synthesis of uracil based 3-NH-MMTr-2-O-methoxyethyl phosphoramidites example 5, key 3-azido-2-methoxyethyl intermediate 3 was obtained in low yields via an-hydro intermediate 2 as shown in scheme 1.

[0288] Due to low yielding alkylation, 3-1 was reacted with BOMCl/DBU to give N-3 protected intermediate 3-4, which was alkylated by using 2-bromoethyl methyl ether/Ag.sub.2O/NaI/DMF to give 2-O-methoxyethyl derivative 3-5 as shown below in scheme 1. Deprotection of N-3-BOM group using hydrogenation condition (Pd/C/H2) resulted in 10-20% desired 3-amino intermediate 3-6a along with significant over reduced side product 3-6b.

##STR00073##

[0289] 2-O-alkylation in high yield is obtained as shown below in scheme 2. For this purpose, 3-1 was treated with PMBCl/DBU/DMF to give N-3 protected intermediate 4-2, which was subjected for 2-O alkylation using 2-bromoethyl methyl ether/Ag.sub.2O/NaI/DMF to give 2-O-methoxyethyl derivative 4-3. Then, 5-de-tritylation of 4-3 and re-protection of 5-hydroxyl group using benzoyl chloride afforded 4-5.

##STR00074##

[0290] De-protection of PMB group of intermediate 4-5 in mild conditions gives 4-6. 3-Azido group of intermediate 4-6 was reduced to an amine, which was then immediately protected, such as reaction with 4-monomethoxytritylchloride, to give 4-8. The 5-benzyl ester was then cleaved using an alkaline solution, followed by phosphitylation using known protocols to give the desired 2-O-methoxyethoxy uridine phosphoramidite monomer 4-10.

[0291] Preparation of (4-2): To a solution of 3-1 (45.30 g, 88.56 mmol) in DMF (120.00 mL) was added PMBCl (20.80 g, 132.84 mmol) and DBU (44.61 g, 177.12 mmol), the mixture was stirred at r.t. for 2 h. Water was added, extracted with EA. The organic layer was concentrated and purified by column to give 4-2 (52.00 g, 82.32 mmol) as a white solid. ESI-LCMS: m/z 632.3 [M+H].sup.+.

[0292] Preparation of (4-3): To a solution of 4-2 (50.00 g, 79.15 mmol) in DMF (120.00 mL) was added 2-Bromoethyl methyl ether (16.50 g, 118.73 mmol) and Ag.sub.2O (18.34 g, 79.15 mmol, 2.57 mL), then NaI (5.93 g, 39.58 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at r.t. for 12 h. LC-MS showed work well. Filtered and added water and EA, the organic layer was concentrated and purified by column to give 4-3 (52.00 g, 75.39 mmol) as a colorless oil. ESI-LCMS: m/z 690.4 [M+H].sup.+.

[0293] Preparation of (4-4): To a solution of 4-3 (52.00 g, 75.39 mmol) in DCM (200.00 mL) was added TFA (150.00 mL). The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 1 h. The reaction mixture was slowly added to cold NH.sub.4OH, extracted with DCM. The organic layer was concentrated and purified to give 4-4 (31.00 g, 69.28 mmol) as a colorless oil. ESI-LCMS: m/z 448.2 [M+H].sup.+. .sup.1H-NMR (DMSO-d.sub.6, 400 MHz): ppm 8.02 (d, J=8.12 Hz, 1H), 7.26-7.23 (m, 2H), 6.87-6.84 (m, 2H), 5.87-5.81 (m, 2H), 5.38 (t, J=5.0 Hz, 1H), 4.96-4.85 (m, 2H), 4.36-4.34 (m, 1H), 4.17-4.14 (m, 1H), 4.00-3.97 (m, 1H), 3.83-3.77 (m, 1H), 3.75-3.72 (m, 1H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 3.70-3.68 (m, 1H), 3.61-3.56 (m, 1H), 3.45-3.43 (m, 2H), 3.18 (s, 3H).

[0294] Preparation of (4-5): To a solution of 4-4 (31.00 g, 69.28 mmol) in Pyridine (200.00 mL) was added BzCl (13.14 g, 93.87 mmol), the reaction mixture was stirred at r.t. for 15 min and concentrated and purified by column to give 4-5 (35.10 g, 63.8 mmol) as a white solid. ESI-LCMS: m/z 552.2 [M+H].sup.+.

[0295] Preparation of (4-6): To a solution of 4-5 (35.10 g, 63.8 mmol) in acetonitrile (300.00 mL) and water (100.00 mL) was added Ceric ammonium nitrate (105 g, 191.40 mmol), the reaction mixture was stirred at r.t. for 12 h and concentrated and extracted with EA. The organic layer was concentrated and purified by column to give 4-6 (27.5 g, 63.75 mmol) as a yellow solid. ESI-LCMS: m/z 432.2 [M+H].sup.+.

[0296] Preparation of (4-7): To a solution of 4-6 (27.50 g, 63.75 mmol) in THF (500.00 mL) was added Pd/C (3.00 g), the reaction mixture was stirred at r.t. for 12 h and filtered and concentrated to give 4-7 (25.00 g, 61.67 mmol) as a yellow solid. ESI-LCMS: m/z 406.2 [M+H].sup.+.

[0297] Preparation of (4-8): To a solution of 4-7 (25.00 g, 61.67 mmol) in DCM (300.00 mL) was added MMTrCl (28.49 g, 92.51 mmol) and Collidine (14.95 g, 123.34 mmol), then AgNO.sub.3 (15.7 g, 92.5 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at r.t. for 1 h., and filtered and the organic layer was washed water, dried over Na.sub.2SO.sub.4 and purified by silica gel column to give 4-8 (33.00 g, 48.69 mmol) as a yellow solid.

[0298] Preparation of (4-9): To a solution of 4-8 (14.50 g, 21.39 mmol) was added 1 N NaOH in methanol (200 mL) in water (20 mL), the reaction mixture was stirred at r.t. for 1 h. and concentrated and extracted with DCM, the organic layer was concentrated and purified by silica gel column to give 4-9 (11.50 g, 20.05 mmol) as a white solid. .sup.1H-NMR (DMSO-d.sub.6, 400 MHz): ppm 11.26 (s, 1H), 7.95 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.47-7.44 (m, 4H), 7.34-7.17 (m, 8H), 6.82 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 5.50-5.48 (m, 2H), 5.13 (t, J=3.6 Hz, 1H), 4.05-3.98 (m, 3H), 3.78 (s, 3H), 3.52-3.49 (m, 1H), 3.34-3.32 (m, 2H), 3.14 (s, 3H), 3.08-3.04 (m, 1H), 2.89-2.86 (m, 1H), 2.70 (d, J=10.0 Hz, 1H), 1.51 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H).

[0299] Preparation of (4-10): To a solution of 4-9 (11.50 g, 20.05 mmol) in DCM (100.00 mL) was added DMAP (489.85 mg, 4.01 mmol) and DIPEA (10.36 g, 80.19 mmol, 14.01 mL). Then CEPCl (5.70 g, 24.06 mmol) was added to the solution. The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 30 min. The reaction was quenched with saturated NaHCO.sub.3. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na.sub.2SO.sub.4, concentrated to give the crude product. The crude product was purified by Flash-Prep-HPLC. The product was dissolved in anhydrous toluene and concentrated for three times. Then the product was dissolved anhydrous acetonitrile and concentrated for three times. This resulted in 13 g to give 4-10 as a white solid. MS m/z [MH].sup. (ESI): 772.3; .sup.1H-NMR (CDCl.sub.3, 400 MHz): 9.01 (s, 1H), 8.07-7.61 (m, 1H), 7.53-7.41 (m, 6H), 7.29-7.15 (m, 5H), 6.79-6.76 (m, 2H), 5.63-5.57 (m, 2H), 4.27-4.15 (m, 2H), 4.06-3.95 (m, 1H), 3.85-3.77 (m, 1H), 3.75 (s, 3H), 3.69-3.35 (m, 7H), 3.23 (d, J=4 Hz, 1H), 2.26-2.91 (m, 3H), 2.59 (t, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.75-1.39 (m, 1H), 1.21-1.11 (m, 12H). .sup.31PNMR (162 MHz, CDCl.sub.3): 149.10, 148.26.

Example 5

[0300] ##STR00075##

[0301] The 2-O-methoxyethoxy-NH-benzoyl-cytosine phosphoramidite compound 5-4 was obtained by conversion of uridine intermediate 4-8 into 3-amino cytidine analogue 5-1 followed by phosphitylation using known protocols to give the desired 2-O-methoxyethoxy cytidine phosphoramidite monomer 5-4 as shown below in scheme 3.

##STR00076##

[0302] Preparation of (5-1): To a solution of 4-8 (18.50 g, 27.30 mmol) in acetonitrile (250.00 mL) was added TPSCl (16.49 g, 54.60 mmol) and DMAP (6.67 g, 54.60 mmol), then TEA (5.52 g, 54.60 mmol, 7.56 mL) was added to the solution. The reaction mixture was stirred at r.t. for 5 h under N.sub.2. NH.sub.4OH (50.00 mL) was added to the reaction mixture. The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 12 h. The solution was concentrated and extracted with EA. The organic layer was washed by brine and dried over Na.sub.2SO.sub.4. The organic layer was concentrated and purified by silica gel column to give 5-1 (16.00 g, 23.64 mmol) as a yellow solid.

[0303] Preparation of (5-2): To a solution of 5-1 (16.00 g, 23.64 mmol) in Pyridine (100.00 mL) was added BzCl (4.96 g, 35.46 mmol) at 0 C. The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 1 h. The solution was concentrated and purified by silica gel column to give 5-2 (17.40 g, 22.28 mmol) as a white solid.

[0304] Preparation of (5-3): Compound 5-2 (17.40 g, 22.28 mmol) was added to 180 mL of 1 N NaOH solution in Pyridine/MeOH/H.sub.2O (65/30/5) at 0 C. The suspension was stirred at 0 C. for 15 min. The reaction mixture was quenched by addition of sat. NH.sub.4Cl solution. The solution was extracted with EA and the combined organic layers were washed with sat. NaHCO.sub.3 solution, brine, dried over Na.sub.2SO.sub.4, filtered, and concentrated. The residue was purified by column to give 5-3 (12.50 g, 18.47 mmol) as white solid. .sup.1H-NMR (DMSO-d.sub.6, 400 MHz): ppm 12.25 (s, 1H), 8.53 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 8.01 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 2H), 7.64-7.60 (m, 1H), 7.52-7.42 (m, 6H), 7.31 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.26-7.14 (m, 7H), 6.79 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 5.55 (s, 1H), 5.23 (t, J=3.6 Hz, 1H), 4.09-3.97 (m, 3H), 3.73 (s, 3H), 3.70-3.66 (m, 1H), 3.38-3.34 (m, 2H), 3.17 (s, 3H), 3.11-3.05 (m, 1H), 2.96-2.91 (m, 1H), 2.68 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H), 1.49 (d, J=4 Hz, 1H).

[0305] Preparation of (5-4): To a solution of 5-3 (12.50 g, 18.47 mmol) in DCM (100.00 mL) was added DMAP (451.30 mg, 3.69 mmol) and DIPEA (9.55 g, 73.88 mmol, 12.90 mL), then CEPCl (5.25 g, 22.16 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 30 min. The reaction was quenched with saturated NaHCO.sub.3. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na.sub.2SO.sub.4, concentrated to give the crude product. The crude was by Flash-Prep-HPLC. The product was dissolved in anhydrous toluene and concentrated for three times. Then the product was dissolved anhydrous acetonitrile and concentrated for three times. This resulted in 13 g to give 5-4 as a white solid. MS m/z [MH].sup. (ESI): 875.4. .sup.1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3): ppm 8.64-8.20 (m, 2H), 7.90-7.88 (m, 2H), 7.62-7.58 (m, 1H), 7.53-7.39 (m, 8H), 7.25-7.15 (m, 6H), 6.78-6.74 (m, 2H), 5.69 (d, J=1.72 Hz, 1H), 4.37-4.21 (m, 2H), 4.10-4.03 (m, 1H), 3.90-3.79 (m, 2H), 3.75 (d, J=1.64 Hz, 3H), 3.68-3.52 (m, 3H), 3.46-3.42 (m, 2H), 3.26 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 3H), 3.17-2.97 (m, 2H), 2.94-2.87 (m, 1H), 2.67-2.48 (m, 2H), 1.79-1.51 (m, 1H), 1.26-1.18 (m, 12H). .sup.31PNMR (162 MHz, CDCl.sub.3): 148.93, 148.03

Example 6

[0306] ##STR00077##

[0307] The synthesis of the 2-O-methoxyethyl adenosine analogue 6-10 was achieved as shown below in scheme 6. The intermediate 6-2 under basic condition (NH.sub.3/MeOH) resulted in diol 6-3, which then upon protection of 5-hydroxy group using TBDPSCl to give 6-4 Intermediate 6-4. Then, 2-O alkylation of 6-4 using 2-bromoethyl methyl ether/NaH/DMF to give 2-O-methoxyethyl derivative 6-5 without the protection of C-6-exocyclic amine of 6-4. In an inventive way selective alkylation of 2-OH group of intermediate 6-4 was achieved.

##STR00078##

[0308] 3-Azido group of intermediate 6-5 was reduced to the amine 6-7, which was then immediately protected, such as reaction with 4-monomethoxytritylchloride, to give the precursor 6-8 after de-protection of 5-OTBDPS group using TBAF/THF. The phosphitylation of 6-9 using known protocols is performed to give the desired 2-O-methoxyethoxy adenine-NH-benzoyl phosphoramidite monomer 6-10.

[0309] Preparation of (6-2): To a solution of compound 1 (79.50 g, 210.68 mmol) in dry ACN (1.20 L) was added N-(5H-Purin-6-yl)benzamide (100.80 g, 421.36 mmol) and BSA (180.07 g, 884.86 mmol). The resulting suspension was stirred at 50 C. until clear. Then the mixture was cooled at 20 C. and TMSOTf (93.54 g, 421.36 mmol) was added by syringe. Then the mixture was stirred at 70 C. for 72 h under N2, and quenched with sat NaHCO.sub.3 and extracted with DCM. The organic layer was dried over Na.sub.2SO.sub.4, then solvent was evaporated, and the residue was purified on silica gel to afford compound 6-2 (107.50 g, 192.26 mmol, 91.26% yield) as a yellow solid. .sup.1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO): =11.28 (s, 1H), 8.64 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 2H), 8.05 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.84 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.66 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.56 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.33 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 6.37 (d, J=3.6 Hz, 1H), 6.17 (dd, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 5.09 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 4.69-4.56 (m, 2H), 4.40-4.38 (m, 1H), 2.39 (s, 3H), 2.17 (s, 3H). ESI-LCMS: m/z 557.2 [M+H].sup.+.

[0310] Preparation of (6-3): To a solution of compound 6-2 (107.50 g, 192.26 mmol) dissolved in 33 wt. % methylamine in ethanol (600.00 mL), then the mixture were stirred at 20 C. for 16 h, then solvent was evaporated, washed with 50% EtOAc in petroleum ether (1.5 L), filtered to afford compound 6-3 (52.50 g, 179.64 mmol, 93.44% yield) as a slightly yellow solid. ESI-LCMS: m/z 293.1 [M+H].sup.+.

[0311] Preparation of (6-4): A solution of compound 6-3 (52.50 g, 179.64 mmol), imidazole (18.32 g, 269.46 mmol) and TBDPS-Cl (54.34 g, 197.60 mmol) in pyridine (500.00 mL) was stirred at 20 C. for 2 h, LC-MS showed 6-3 was consumed. Then quenched with MeOH (30 mL), concentrated to give the crude product which was purified on silica gel with to afford compound 6-4 (72.60 g, 136.81 mmol, 76.16% yield) as a white solid. .sup.1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO): =8.29 (s, 1H), 8.10 (s, 1H), 7.63-7.59 (m, 4H), 7.48-7.33 (m, 8H), 6.36 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 5.97 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 5.10-5.06 (m, 1H), 4.47 (t, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 4.14-4.11 (m, 1H), 3.94 (dd, J=11.2 Hz, 1H), 3.83 (dd, J=11.6 Hz, 1H), 0.99 (s, 9H). ESI-LCMS: m/z 531.3 [M+H].sup.+.

[0312] Preparation of (6-5): A solution of 6-4 (35.00 g, 65.96 mmol) and 1-Bromo-2-methoxyethane (18.33 g, 131.91 mmol) in dry DMF (400.00 mL), was added NaI (19.77 g, 131.91 mmol) and Ag.sub.2O (15.29 g, 65.96 mmol), the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 h. Then the reaction was poured into ice water, extracted with EA, washed with brine and dried over anhydrous Na.sub.2SO.sub.4. The solvent was evaporated, and the residue was purified on silica gel to give 6-5 (23.70 g, 40.26 mmol, 61.04% yield) as a white solid and by-product of TBDPS lost 5.20 g, 9.81 mmol, 14.87% yield) as a white solid. .sup.1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO): =8.31 (s, 1H), 8.11 (s, 1H), 7.63-7.60 (m, 4H), 7.47-7.44 (m, 2H), 7.40-7.36 (m, 6H), 6.10 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 5.02 (t, J=4.8 Hz, 1H), 4.69 (t, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 4.18-4.14 (m, 1H), 3.95 (dd, J=11.6 Hz, 1H), 3.84 (dd, J=11.6 Hz, 1H), 3.78-3.75 (m, 2H), 3.45 (t, J=4.8 Hz, 1H), 3.16 (s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 9H). ESI-LCMS: m/z 589.5 [M+H].sup.+.

[0313] Preparation of (6-6): To a solution of 6-5 (31.23 g, 53.04 mmol) in pyridine (300.00 mL) at 0 C., was added BzCl (11.22 g, 79.56 mmol) dropwise. The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 2 h. Then the solution was cooled to 0 C., and ammonium hydroxide (20 mL, 30%) was added and the mixture was allowed to warm to r.t., then the solvent was evaporated, 300 mL H.sub.2O and 600 mL EA were added into separate the solution, the aqueous was extracted by EA, combined the organic and washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na.sub.2SO.sub.4, the solvent was removed and the residue was purified on silica gel to give 6-6 (28.70 g, 41.42 mmol, 78.09% yield) as a white solid. ESI-LCMS: m/z 693.4 [M+H].sup.+.

[0314] Preparation of (6-7): A solution of 6-6 (28.70 g, 41.42 mmol) in EA (150.00 mL) was added Pd/C (3.00 g) and MeOH (150.00 mL) under H.sub.2. The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 5 h. Then the reaction was filtered and the filtrate concentrated to give 6-7 (25.49 g, 38.22 mmol, 92.27% yield) as a gray solid. ESI-LCMS: m/z 667.3 [M+H].sup.+.

[0315] Preparation of (6-8): To a solution of 6-7 (25.49 g, 38.22 mmol) and AgNO.sub.3 (12.98 g, 76.44 mmol) in DCM (300.00 mL) was added collidine (13.89 g, 114.66 mmol) and MMTrC1 (19.43 g, 57.33 mmol), the mixture was stirred at r.t. for 2 h. Then the reaction was poured into ice water, the organic layer extracted with DCM, washed with brine and dried over anhydrous Na.sub.2SO.sub.4, the solvent was removed and the residue was purified on silica gel to give 6-8 (32.79 g, 34.92 mmol, 91.36% yield) as a gray solid.

[0316] Preparation of (6-9): A solution of 6-8 (32.79 g, 34.92 mmol) in THF (300.00 mL) was added TBAF (1M, 35.00 mL), the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 h. Then the solvent was removed and the residue was purified on silica gel with EA to give 6-9 (22.22 g, 31.71 mmol, 90.82% yield) as a white solid. .sup.1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3): =8.68 (s, 1H), 8.32 (s, 1H), 8.04 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.61-7.57 (m, 1H), 7.53-7.48 (m, 6H), 7.40 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.21-7.12 (m, 6H), 6.73 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 6.09 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 2H), 4.08-4.02 (m, 2H), 3.93-3.87 (m, 1H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 3.58-3.53 (m, 1H), 3.43-3.39 (m, 3H), 3.24-3.19 (m, 4H), 2.19 (br, 1H).

[0317] Preparation of (6-10): To a solution of 6-9 (14.00 g, 19.98 mmol), DMAP (488.19 mg, 4.00 mmol) and DIPEA (6.46 g, 49.95 mmol, 8.73 mL) in dry DCM (100.00 mL) was added CEPCl (5.68 g, 23.98 mmol) dropwise under Ar. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. Then the reaction was wished with 10% NaHCO.sub.3(aq) and brine, dried over Na.sub.2SO.sub.4, the solvent was removed and the residue was purified by c.c. with the PE/EA mixture, then concentrated to give the crude product. The crude product (10 g, dissolved in 10 mL of ACN) was purified by Flash-Prep-HPLC to obtain 6-10 (12.60 g, 13.98 mmol, 69.99% yield) as a white solid. Then the product was dissolved in dry toluene (15 mL) and concentrated three times, and with dry ACN three times. .sup.1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3): =9.12 (d, J=46.8 Hz, 1H), =8.71 (d, J=11.6 Hz, 1H), 8.50 (s, 0.6H), 8.22 (s, 0.4H), 8.04 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.63-7.59 (m, 1H), 7.55-7.46 (m, 6H), 7.40-7.37 (m, 2H), 7.19-7.06 (m, 6H), 6.69 (dd, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 6.03 (d, J=3.2 Hz, 1H), 4.36-4.24 (m, 2H), 3.92-3.78 (m, 2H), 3.71 (d, J=11.6 Hz, 3H), 3.67-3.33 (m, 7H), 3.29 (d, J=11.2 Hz, 3H), 3.17-3.10 (m, 1H), 2.88 (dd, J=27.2 Hz, 1H), 2.65-2.50 (m, 2H), 2.38 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 0.4H), 1.80 (d, J=4.0 Hz, 0.6H), 1.23-1.15 (m, 12H). .sup.31PNMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3): 148.86, 148.22. ESI-LCMS: m/z 901.3 [M+H].sup.+.

Example 7

[0318] ##STR00079##

[0319] The appropriately protected 2-O-ethyl-3-amino-5-phosphoramidite (example 9, 10, 11, 12), were prepared after chemical transformations shown in Schemes 8-12.

[0320] First for the synthesis of thymine based 3-NH-MMtr-2-O-ethyl phosphoramidites example 9, intermediate 2 was protected such as methyl propyolate in the presence of dimethylaminopyridine (Scheme 8) to give base N-3 protected intermediate 8-4 to facilitate the 2-O-alkylation in higher yield. Further deacetylation of 8-4 to give C-2-hydroxy intermediate 8-5.

##STR00080##

[0321] Further alkylation using iodoethane afforded 2O-ethyl nucleoside 8-6. Intermediate 8-6 was converted to thymine base 2-O-ethyl-3-amino-5-phosphoramidite 8-11 by following the similar chemistry for compound 4-10 shown in previous Scheme 4.

[0322] Preparation of (8-4): To a solution of 8-2 (22.0 g, 49.62 mmol) in MeCN (400 mL) was added DMAP (1.2 g, 9.92 mmol). Then 3 (5.8 g, 419.5 mmol) was added, the mixture was stirred at r.t. for 2 h under N2, TLC showed 8-2 was consumed. Concentrated and purified by a silica gel column by (PE:EA=6:1) to afford 8-4 (22.0 g, 40.63 mmol, 81.9% yield) as a yellow oil. ESI-LCMS: m/z 564 [M+Na].sup.+.

[0323] Preparation of (8-5): To a solution of 8-4 (28.0 g, 51.71 mmol) in MeOH (400 mL) was added con. NH.sub.4OH aqueous solution (28 mL) at 0 C. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 C. for 1.5 h, TLC showed 8-4 was consumed. Concentrated and purified by a silica gel column by (PE:EA=10:1-2:1) to afford 8-5 (21.0 g, 42.04 mmol, 81.3% yield) as a yellow oil. ESI-LCMS: m/z 522 [M+Na].sup.+.

[0324] Preparation of (8-6): To a solution of 8-5 (20.0 g, 40.04 mmol) in iodoethane (100 mL) was added Ag.sub.2O (18.6 g, 80.08 mmol,). The reaction mixture was stirred at 50 C. for 5 h, after LC-MS show totally consumed of 8-5 filtered with diatomite and concentrated to afford 8-6 (16.0, 30.33 mmol, 75.7% yield) as a yellow oil which was used directly in next step. ESI-LCMS: m/z 528 [M+H].sup.+.

[0325] Preparation of (8-7): To a solution of 8-6 (16.0 g, 30.33 mmol) in MeCN (400 mL) was added pyrrolidine (8.63 g, 121.32 mol, 12 mL), the reaction mixture was stirred at r.t. overnight, TLC showed 8-6 was totally consumed. Concentrated and purified by a silica gel column by (DCM:MeOH=100:1-50:1) to afford 7 (12.0 g, 27.94 mmol, 92.1% yield) as a yellow oil. ESI-LCMS: m/z 430 [M+H].sup.+.

[0326] Preparation of (8-8): To a solution of 8-7 (12.0 g, 27.94 mmol) in THF (200 mL) was added Pd/C (1.2 g), the mixture was stirred at r.t. under H.sub.2 overnight. LC-MS showed 7 was totally consumed. Filtered and washed with DCM (100 mL*3), then concentrated to afford 8-8 (11.0 g, 27.27 mmol, 97.6% yield) as a gray solid which was used directly in next step. ESI-LCMS: m/z 404 [M+H].sup.+.

[0327] Preparation of (8-9): To a solution of 8-8 (10.0 g, 24.79 mmol) in DCM (80 mL) was added MMTrCl (11.4 g, 37.18 mmol), 2,4,6-collidine (2.0 g, 16.61 mmol, 6.5 mL) and AgNO.sub.3 (6.3 g, 37.18 mmol), the mixture was stirred at r.t. for 1.5 h. TLC showed 8-8 was totally consumed. Filtered and the organic layer was washed with water and dried over Na.sub.2SO.sub.4, then concentrated and purified by a silica gel column by (PE:EA=5:11:1) to afford 8-9 (16.0 g, 23.68 mmol, 95.5% yield) as a light-yellow solid.

[0328] Preparation of (8-10): 8-9 (4.0 g, 5.92 mmol) was added to the solution of 1.0 N NaOH solution (20 mL, MeOH/H.sub.2O=9:1). The reaction mixture was stirred at 40 C. for 2 h, TLC showed 8-9 was consumed, concentrated and extracted with DCM (20 mL*2), the organic layer was dried over Na.sub.2SO.sub.4 and concentrated, the residue was purified by a silica gel column by (DCM:MeOH=200:150:1) to afford 8-10 (3.0 g, 53.8 mmol, 90.9 yield) as a white solid.

[0329] Preparation of (8-11): To a solution of 8-10 (2.36 g, 4.23 mmol) in DCM (2.0 mL) was added DMAP (103 mg, 0.8 mmol) and DIPEA (2.2 g, 16.92 mmol, 2.96 mL). Then CEPCl (1.0 g, 4.23 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at r.t. for 1 h. TLC showed 8-10 was consumed, washed with saturated NaHCO.sub.3 (5 mL), separated the organic layer and washed the water layer with DCM (10 mL*2). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na.sub.2SO.sub.4, concentrated, and purified by Flash-Prep-HPLC to afford 8-11 (2.45 g, 3.23 mmol, 76.36% yield) as a white solid. .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 8.62 (s, 1H), 7.74 (dd, J=1.4 Hz, 0.5H), 7.60-7.50 (m, 4H), 7.51-7.41 (m, 2H), 7.34-7.16 (m, 7H), 7.12 (d, J=1.4 Hz, 0.5H), 6.88-6.76 (m, 2H), 5.66 (s, 1H), 4.37-4.23 (m, 1H), 4.16-4.05 (m, 1H), 4.05-3.94 (m, 0.5H), 3.88-3.74 (m, 4.5H), 3.72-3.35 (m, 3H), 3.22 (td, J=10.3, 4.7 Hz, 0.5H), 3.03-2.89 (m, 1.5H), 2.80-2.69 (m, 1H), 2.61 (t, J=6.5 Hz, 1H), 2.37 (td, J=6.6, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 1.97 (d, J=3.5 Hz, 0.5H), 1.91 (dd, J=11.4, 1.2 Hz, 3H), 1.52 (d, J=4.7 Hz, 0.5H), 1.29-1.17 (m, 12H), 1.08 (td, J=7.0, 4.9 Hz, 3H). .sup.31P NMR (162 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) 149.31, 147.14. ESI-LCMS: m/z 576 [M+H].sup.+.

[0330] GalNAc Synthesis

Synthesis of G-1

[0331] ##STR00081##

[0332] To a solution of oxane-2, 6-dione (1000 g, 8.76 mol, 1.00 equiv.), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (53.5 g, 437.9 mmol, 0.05 equiv.) in dichloromethane (10000 mL) with an inert atmosphere of nitrogen was added phenylmethanol (900 g, 8.32 mol, 0.95 equiv.) dropwise with stirring at room temperature. The resulting solution was stirred overnight at room temperature. The resulting mixture was washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution. The pH value of the aqueous layers was adjusted to 1 with 10% hydrochloric acid. The resulting solution was extracted with 32000 mL of ethyl acetate and the organic layers combined. The resulting mixture was washed with 23000 mL of saturated sodium chloride. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. This resulted in 1240 g (64%) of G-1 as colorless oil. MS m/z [M+H]+ (ESI): 223.

Synthesis of G-2

[0333] ##STR00082##

[0334] To a solution of G-1 (58.5 g, 263.23 mmol, 1.20 equiv.), N, N-diisopropylethylamine (34 g, 263.57 mmol, 1.20 equiv.) in N, N-dimethylformamide (600 mL) with an inert atmosphere of nitrogen was added O-Benzotriazole-N, N, N, N-tetramethyl-uronium-hexafluorophosphate (100 g, 263.69 mmol, 1.20 equiv.) at room temperature. The resulting solution was stirred for 1 h at room temperature. This was followed addition of (2R)-3-aminopropane-1, 2-diol (20 g, 219.52 mmol, 1.00 equiv.) at room temperature. The resulting solution was allowed to react, with stirring, overnight at room temperature. The resulting solution was diluted with 2000 mL of ethyl acetate. The resulting mixture was washed with 21000 mL of saturated sodium bicarbonate solution. The mixture was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was applied onto a silica gel column with dichloromethane/methanol (1:100-1:10). This resulted in 38.7 g (60%) of G-2 as a light yellow solid. MS m/z [M+H]+ (ESI): 296.

Synthesis of G-3

[0335] ##STR00083##

[0336] To a solution of G-2 (10 g, 33.86 mmol, 1.00 equiv.) in pyridine (100 mL) with an inert atmosphere of nitrogen was added 1-[chloro(4-methoxyphenyl)benzyl]-4-methoxybenzene (12.63 g, 37.28 mmol, 1.10 equiv.) at room temperature. The resulting solution was stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of methanol (10 mL). The resulting mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting solution was diluted with 1000 mL of ethyl acetate. The resulting mixture was washed with 2500 mL of saturated sodium bicarbonate solution. The mixture was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was applied onto a silica gel column with dichloromethane/methanol (1:100-1:50). This resulted in 10.2 g (50%) of G-3 as light yellow oil. MS m/z [M+Na]+ (ESI): 620.

Synthesis of G-4

[0337] ##STR00084##

[0338] To a solution of G-3 (10 g, 16.73 mmol, 1.00 equiv.) in methanol (100 mL) was added 10% Palladium on activated carbon (1 g) at room temperature. The flask was evacuated and flushed five times with hydrogen. The resulting solution was stirred for 4 h at room temperature. The solids were filtered out. The resulting mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. This resulted in 7.6 g (89%) of G-4 as a white solid. MS m/z [M+Na]+ (ESI): 530.

Synthesis of G-5

[0339] ##STR00085##

[0340] To a solution of G-4 (8.90 g, 17.53 mmol, 1.05 equiv.) in N, N-dimethylformamide (300 mL) with an inert atmosphere of nitrogen, was added N, N-diisopropylethylamine (6.47 g, 50.16 mmol, 3.00 equiv.) at room temperature. To this was added O-Benzotriazole-N, N, N-etramethyl-uronium-hexafluorophosphate (7.10 g, 18.73 mmol, 1.12 equiv.) at room temperature. The resulting solution was stirred for 15 min at room temperature. To the mixture was added G-5 Ref (Nucleic Acids Research, 2014, 42, (13) 8796-8807), (30 g, 16.72 mmol, 1.00 equiv.) at room temperature. The resulting solution was allowed to react, with stirring, overnight at room temperature. The resulting mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by Flash-Prep-HPLC with the following conditions (IntelFlash-1): Column, C18 silica gel; mobile phase, acetonitrile/water with 0.04% NH.sub.4HCO.sub.3 (20% acetonitrile up to 70% in 15 min); Detector, UV 210 nm. This resulted in 20.1 g (53%) of G-6 as a white solid. MS m/z [M+H].sup.+ (ESI): 2283.

Synthesis of G-7

[0341] ##STR00086##

[0342] To a solution of G-6 (25 g, 10.96 mmol, 1.00 equiv.) in dichloromethane (750 mL) with an inert atmosphere of nitrogen, was added triethylamine (4.98 g, 49.21 mmol, 4.49 equiv.) at room temperature. To this was added 4-dimethylaminopyridine (1.33 g, 10.89 mmol, 0.99 equiv.) at room temperature. To the mixture was added oxolane-2, 5-dione (3.29 g, 32.88 mmol, 3.00 equiv.) at room temperature. The resulting solution was stirred overnight at room temperature. The resulting mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by Flash-Prep-HPLC with the following conditions: Column, C18 silica gel; mobile phase, acetonitrile/water with 0.04% NH.sub.4HCO.sub.3 (20% acetonitrile up to 50% in 20 min); Detector, UV 230 nm. This resulted in 15.83 g (61%) of G-7 as a white solid as ammonium salt. MS m/z [M/2+NH.sub.4]+ (ESI): 1210.

Synthesis of GalNAc-2-solid support-GPG

##STR00087##

[0343] The G-7 was loaded onto the CPG by following the procedures described in Biotechniques., 1988 September; 6(8):768-75 using HBTU/TEA to give GalNAc-2-CPG (53 mol/g).

Synthesis of GalNAc-6

[0344] ##STR00088##

Synthesis of G-8

[0345] ##STR00089##

[0346] To a solution of decanedioic acid (100 g, 494.4 mmol, 1.00 equiv.) in dichloromethane (2000 mL), was added 4-dimethylaminopyridine (18.1 g, 148.2 mmol, 0.30 equiv.) at room temperature. To this was added N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (114 g, 594.7 mmol, 1.20 equiv.) at room temperature. The resulting solution was stirred for 1 h at room temperature. To the mixture was added Benzyl alcohol (64.1 g) dropwise with stirring at 0 C. The resulting solution was allowed to react, with stirring, overnight at room temperature. The resulting mixture was washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride. The mixture was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product (100 g) was purified by Flash-Prep-HPLC with the following conditions (IntelFlash-1): Column, C18 silica gel; mobile phase, water and acetonitrile (60% acetonitrile up to 100% in 12 min and hold 100% for 5 min); Detector, UV 210 nm. This resulted in 60.7 g (42%) of G-8 as a white solid. MS m/z [M+H]+ (ESI): 293.

Synthesis of G-10

[0347] ##STR00090##

[0348] To a solution of G-8 (4.48 g, 15.32 mmol, 1.50 equiv.) in acetonitrile (320 mL) was added O-Benzotriazole-N,N,N-etramethyl-uronium-hexafluorophosphate (5.84 g, 15.40 mmol, 1.50 equiv.), N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (3.96 g, 30.64 mmol, 3.00 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred for 1 h at 25 C. This was followed by the addition of G-9 (18.4 g, 10.26 mmol, 1.00 equiv.). The resulting solution was stirred for 16 h at 25 C., and then concentrated under vacuum. The crude product was purified by Flash with the following conditions: Column, C18 silica gel; mobile phase, acetonitrile in water=10% increasing to 70% within 15 min; Detector, UV 210 nm. This resulted in 12 g (57%) of G-10 as a white solid. H-NMR (DMSO, 400 MHz, ppm): 7.74-7.83 (m, 9H), 7.31-7.37 (m, 5H), 6.97 (s, 1H), 5.21 (d, J=3.3 Hz, 3H), 5.07 (s, 2H), 4.98 (dd, J=11.2 Hz, 3.4 Hz, 3H), 4.49 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 3H), 4.04 (s, 9H), 3.83-3.99 (m, 3H), 3.67-3.72 (m, 3H), 3.52-3.55 (m, 12H), 3.37-3.43 (m, 3H), 2.99-3.05 (m, 12H), 2.25-2.35 (m, 8H), 2.12 (s, 9H), 1.99-2.11 (m, 17H), 1.92 (s, 9H), 1.77 (s, 9H), 1.40-1.53 (m, 22H), 1.19-1.25 (m, 8H).

Synthesis of G-11

[0349] ##STR00091##

[0350] To a solution of G-10 (5 g, 2.45 mmol, 1.00 equiv.) in methanol/ethyl acetate (100 mL, v/v=1:1) was added 10% palladium carbon (1.5 g, 10%). The flask was evacuated and flushed five times with hydrogen. The mixture was stirred 2 h at room temperature under an atmosphere of hydrogen. The solids were filtered out. The resulting mixture was concentrated under vacuum. This resulted in 4 g (82%) of G-11 as a white solid.

Synthesis of GalNAc-6

[0351] ##STR00092##

[0352] To a solution of G-11 (6.3 g, 3.18 mmol, 1.00 equiv.) in N,N-dimethylformamide (63 mL) was added N,N-diisopropylethylamine (1.0 g, 7.95 mmol, 2.50 equiv.). This was followed by the addition of pentafluorophenyl 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate (1.33 g, 4.77 mmol, 1.50 equiv.) dropwise with stirring at 0 C. The resulting solution was stirred for 3 h at 25 C. The resulting mixture was concentrated under vacuum. The crude product was purified by Flash with the following conditions: C18 gel column, eluent A water, eluent B acetonitrile; gradient: 20% up to 80% within 15 min, 100% maintained 3 min; Detector, UV 210 nm. This resulted in 5 g (73%) of GalNAc-6 as a white solid. MS m/z [M/2+H].sup.+ (ESI): 1073; H-NMR (DMSO, 300 MHz, ppm): 7.71-7.80 (m, 9H), 6.98 (s, 1H), 5.22 (d, J=3.3 Hz, 3H), 4.99 (dd, J=11.1 Hz, 3.3 Hz, 3H), 4.50 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 3H), 4.02 (s, 9H), 3.82-3.92 (m, 3H), 3.69-3.74 (m, 3H), 3.52-3.56 (m, 12H), 3.39-3.44 (m, 3H), 3.03 (s, 12H), 2.75-2.79 (m, 2H), 2.28 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 6H), 2.00-2.10 (m, 26H), 1.89 (s, 9H), 1.77 (s, 9H), 1.64-1.68 (m, 2H), 1.25-1.53 (m, 28H); F-NMR (DMSO, 162 MHz, ppm): 153.60, 153.67, 153.68, 153.69, 158.05, 158.14, 158.22, 162.53, 162.60, 162.62, 162.69, 162.70.

[0353] GalNAc Conjugation

[0354] For making the 5 GalNAc Conjugated oligomer with the following modifications: 2-FNPS-PS-2-F-NPS; 2-FNP-PS-2-F-NP; 2-OMe-NP-PS-2-OMe-NP; 2-OMe-NPS-DNA-PS-2-OMe-NPS, 2-OEt-NPS-DNA-PS-2-OEt-NPS and 2-MOE-NPS-DNA-PS-2-MOE-NPS the synthesis was carried out on a 10 to 200 M scale in a 5 to 3 direction with the 5-phosphoramidite monomers diluted to a concentration of 0.1 M in anhydrous CH.sub.3CN in the presence of 5-(benzylthio)-1H-tetrazole activator (coupling time 2.0-4.0 min) to a GalNAc 2-CPG. The coupling cycle with modified protocols followed by standard capping, oxidation, and deprotection afforded modified oligonucleotides. The stepwise coupling efficiency was more than 98%. The DDTT (dimethylamino-methylidene) amino)-3H-1, 2, 4-dithiazaoline-3-thione was used as the sulfur-transfer agent for the synthesis of oligoribonucleotide phosphorothioates. The 0.2 M Phenyls acetyl disulfide (PADS) in Lutidine:Acetonitrile (1:1) was used as sulfurizing agent in large-scale synthesis (Akta OP-100). Oligonucleotide-bearing solid supports were heated at room temperature with aqueous ammonia/Methylamine (1:1) solution for 3 h in shaker to cleavage from support and deprotect the base labile protecting groups.

##STR00093##

3-C6NH.SUB.2.-NPS-PS-NPS-(Precursor) Synthesis

[0355] For making the 3 GalNAc Conjugated oligomers with the following modifications: 2-FNPS-PS-2-F-NPS; 2-FNP-PS-2-F-NP; 2-OMe-NP-PS-2-OMe-NP; 2-OMe-NPS-DNA-PS-2-OMe-NPS, 2-OEt-NPS-DNA-PS-2-OEt-NPS and 2-MOE-NPS-DNA-PS-2-MOE-NPS ASOs were synthesized at 10 mol scale using universal support (Loading 65 mol/g). The synthesis procedure is same as described above. At the 3-terminal to introduce C6-NH.sub.2 linker the 6-(4-Monomethoxytritylamino)hexyl-(2-cyanoethyl)-(N,N-diisopropyl)-phosphoramidite in 0.1 M Acetonitrile was used with coupling time 10 min. The Oligonucleotide-bearing solid supports were heated at room temperature with aqueous ammonia/Methylamine (1:1) solution for 3 h in shaker to cleavage from support and deprotect the base labile protecting groups. After IEX purification and desalting the C6-NH.sub.2 modified ASO's can be used to perform post synthesis conjugation.

##STR00094##

3-GalNAc NPS-PS-NPS-ASO synthesis (Post Synthesis Conjugation)

[0356] The 3-C6-NH.sub.2 modified ASOs were dissolved in 0.2 M Sodium bicarbonate buffer, pH 8.5 (0.015 mM) and 5-7 mol equivalent of GalNAc-6 ester dissolved in DMSO was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 h. The sample was analyzed to confirm if any unreacted amino modified ASO's is present. To this aqueous ammonia (28 wt. %) was added (5 reaction volume) and stirred at room temperature for 2-3 h. Reaction mixture concentrated under reduced pressure and residue dissolved in water and purified by HPLC on a strong anion exchange column.

##STR00095##

3-GalNAc6 Conjugation

[0357]

TABLE-US-00012 Conc. Of Equivalent of GalNAc Temp % Conversion to 3 Oligo' s 6 PFP ester ( C.) GalNAc ASO 0.015 mM 5 25 75 0.0076 mM 7 25 80 0.0076 mM 4 25 65

[0358] Quantitation of Crude Oligomer or Raw Analysis

[0359] Samples were dissolved in deionized water (1.0 mL) and quantitated as follows: Blanking was first performed with water alone (1.0 mL) 20 ul of sample and 980 L of water were mixed well in a microfuge tube, transferred to cuvette and absorbance reading obtained at 260 nm. The crude material is dried down and stored at 20 C.

Crude HPLC/LC-MS Analysis

[0360] The 0.1 OD of the crude samples were submitted for crude MS analysis. After Confirming the crude LC-MS data then purification step was performed.

HPLC Purification

[0361] The Phosphoramidate (NP) and Thiophosphoramidate (NPS) modified oligonucleotides with and without GalNAc conjugates were purified by anion-exchange HPLC. The buffers were 20 mM sodium phosphate in 10% CH.sub.3CN, pH 8.5 (buffer A) and 20 mM sodium phosphate in 10% CH.sub.3CN, 1.8 M NaBr, pH 8.5 (buffer B). Fractions containing full-length oligonucleotides were pooled, desalted, and lyophilized.

Desalting of Purified Oligomer

[0362] The purified dry oligomer was then desalted using Sephadex G-25 M (Amersham Biosciences). The cartridge was conditioned with 10 mL of deionized water thrice. Finally the purified oligomer dissolved thoroughly in 2.5 mL RNAse free water was applied to the cartridge with very slow drop wise elution. The salt free oligomer was eluted with 3.5 ml deionized water directly into a screw cap vial.

IEX HPLC and Electrospray LC/MS Analysis

[0363] Approximately 0.10 OD of oligomer is dissolved in water and then pipetted in special vials for IEX-HPLC and LC/MS analysis. Analytical HPLC and ES LC-MS established the integrity of the oligonucleotides. The purity and molecular weight were determined by HPLC analysis (60 C., IEXThermo DNAPac PA-100, A25 mM sodium phosphate 10% acetonitrile pH 11, B1.8 M NaBr 25 mM sodium phosphate 10% acetonitrile pH 11; RPIPWaters XBridge OST C18, A100 mM HFIP 7 mM TEA B7:3 methanol/acetonitrile) and ESI-MS analysis using Promass Deconvolution for Xcalibur (Novatia, Newtown, Pa.). All oligonucleotides in the following tables were synthesized, and reference to molecular weights in the tables are actual measured weights that may have an error of MW, amu+/2.

[0364] Stability Testing of Complexed Oligonucleotides

[0365] In embodiments, the disclosed oligonucleotides display an increased affinity for a target nucleic acid sequence compared to an unmodified oligonucleotide of the same sequence. For example, in some sequences the disclosed oligonucleotides has a nucleobase sequence that is complementary or hybridizes to a target nucleic acid sequence at a higher affinity than an unmodified oligonucleotide of the same sequence. In embodiments, the disclosed oligonucleotide complexed with a complementary target nucleic acid sequence has a melting temperature Tm of >37 C. The complex may be formed under physiological conditions or nearly physiological conditions such as in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). In embodiments, the Tm of the complex is >50 C. In embodiments, the Tm of the complex is 50-100 C. In embodiments, the Tm of a disclosed oligonucleotide duplexed with a target nucleic acid sequence under physiological conditions or nearly physiological conditions is >50 C.

[0366] In certain embodiments, the target nucleic acid sequence may be selected from a nucleic acid sequence of a known viral DNA or RNA sequence such as the HBV genome.

[0367] In embodiments, the disclosed oligonucleotides display an affinity for at least one of the following six sequences of the HBV genome or its RNA equivalents and/or display stability complexed to at least one of the following six sequences of the HBV genome (Table E) or its RNA equivalents (Table F). In embodiments, the oligonucleotide complexed with a complementary HBV genome sequence has a melting temperature (Tm) of >37 C. The HBV genome may be an RNA sequence such as DR-1 and/or DR-2 RNA sequence. The complex may be formed under physiological conditions or nearly physiological conditions such as in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). In embodiments, the Tm of the complex is >50 C. In embodiments, the Tm of the complex is 50-100 C. In embodiments, the Tm of a disclosed oligonucleotide duplexed with an HBV RNA under physiological conditions or nearly physiological conditions is >50 C.

[0368] In Vitro Testing of Oligonucleotides

[0369] Two HBV cell lines were used to assess the in vitro potency of oligonucleotides: HepG2.2.15 (2215) and HepG2.117 (2117). HBsAg reduction in tissue culture supernatant (sup) as well as cytotoxicity was measured using HepG2.2.15 cell. HBV DNA reduction in the sup as well as intracellular fraction was measured in HepG2.117 cell.

[0370] HepG2.2.15 cell line is a stable cell line with four integrated HBV genomes. The cells were grown at 37 C. in an atmosphere of 5% CO.sub.2 in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium supplemented with 10% FCS, 100 IU/ml penicillin, 100 g/ml streptomycin, and 2% glutamine. The day before the dosing, 2.510.sup.4 cells/well were plated in collagen coated 96 well plates and incubated overnight. On the day of dosing, serially diluted oligomers were transfected into the cells with Lipofectamine RNAiMax (Thermo Fisher, Waltham, Mass.) following manufacturer's protocol. Duplicates were made for each drug concentration and each oligo was set up for both EC50 measurement and CC50 measurement. Three days after transfection, the supernatant (sup) was collected and used in HBsAg ELISA (AutoBio, China) for EC50 calculation. For CC50 measurement, CellTiter-Glo (Promega, Madison, Wis.) was used in the assay following manufacturer's instruction.

[0371] HepG2.117 is a stable hepatoma cell line harboring an integrated 1.05 copy of the HBV genome (subtype ayw) under regulation of TetOFF (induction of transcription in the absence of tetracycline or its homolog doxycycline). The cells were grown at 37 C. in an atmosphere of 5% CO.sub.2 in DMEM/F12 media supplemented with 10% FCS, 100 IU/ml penicillin, 100 g/ml streptomycin, 2% glutamine, 250 g/ml G418, and 2 g/ml Tetracycline. The day before the dosing, the cell media-containing Tetracycline was removed, the cells washed to remove the residual Tetracycline and plated at 2.510.sup.4 cells/well with treatment media (DMEM/F12 containing 2% Tet-system approved FBS 100 IU/ml penicillin, 100 g/ml streptomycin, and 2% glutamine) in collagen coated 96 well plates. The cells were then incubated overnight. On the day of experiment, serially diluted oligomers were transfected into the cells with Lipofectamine RNAiMax (Thermo Fisher, Waltham, Mass.) following manufacturer's protocol. Duplicates were made for each drug concentration and each oligo was set up for both EC50 measurement and CC50 measurement. Four days after the transfection, the sup was collected to be used in HBV DNA qPCR directly. The HBV DNA from the cells was isolated with MagMAX Total Nucleic Acid Isolation Kit (Thermo Fisher) and then applied in qPCR as template. HBV subtype ayw DNA (accession number V01460) sequence was used to design (Primer Express, Thermo Fisher) the forward primer (5-TTG CCT TCT GAC TTC TTT CCT TCT-3 (SEQ ID NO: 378)), reverse primer (5-TGC CTG AGT GCT GTA TGG TGA G-3 (SEQ ID NO: 379)) and the fluorogenic TaqMan probe (5-TCG GGA AGC CTT AGA GTC TCC TGA-3 (SEQ ID NO: 380)) labelled with FAM (6-carboxyfluoresceine) in 5 and with TAMRA (6-carboxytetramethylrhodamine) in 3. These primers and probe were used to carry out quantitative real-time PCR with AmpliTaq Gold DNA polymerase (Perkin-Elmer Life Science, Waltham, Mass.). The conditions for this reaction were as follows: 1 cycle, hot-start at 95 C. for 10 min followed by 50 cycles of denaturation (95 C. for 15 s) and annealing/polymerization (59 C. for 1 min).

[0372] Infectious HBV System in Primary Human Hepatocyte

[0373] Cryopreserved primary human hepatocytes (PHH) were thawed and plated in 24 well plates at 200,000 cells/well. The cells were allowed to recover overnight at 37 C. 5% CO.sub.2. The cells were infected 0/N (37 C./5% CO.sub.2) with HBV at moi 50-100. After infection for overnight, the viral inoculum is removed and the cells are washed three times with prewarmed wash medium. Then refill with fresh PHH culturing medium. The medium is replaced with 450 l fresh medium. Add 50 ul transfect mixture. Dilute oligomers in Opti-MEM I (Life Technology, Cat #: 31985-070) to 20 of final concentration, mix with equal volume Opti-MEM I containing Lipofectamine RNAiMAX (Invitrogen, Cat #: 13778-150), pipet 3 times and incubate for 10-20 min at room temperature. Add 50 ul oligo:RNAiMAX mixture into the wells, tap the plates a few times with hands. Put the plates back to incubator. On the day of assay, Harvest supernatant for HBsAg and HBeAg ELISA, cell for cell viability. HBsAg ELISA was described in above section. For HBeAg, method from Autobio Diagnostics (CL0312-2) was used.

[0374] In Vivo Testing of Oligonucleotides

[0375] AAV/HBV is a recombinant AAV carrying replicable HBV genome. Taking advantage of the highly hepatotropic feature of genotype 8 AAV, the HBV genome can be efficiently delivered to the mouse liver cells. Infection of immune competent mouse with AAV/HBV can result in long-term HBV viremia, which mimics chronic HBV infection in patients. The AAV/HBV model can be used to evaluate the in vivo activity of various types of anti-HBV agents. Mice were infected with AAV-HBV on day 28 of the study. The test articles or negative control (PBS) were dosed subcutaneously (unless specified otherwise) three times on days 0, 2 and 4 at the specified dose levels. Or they can be injected as single dose at specified dose levels on day 0. The positive control, entecavir (ETV), for HBV DNA, but not for HBV antigens, was dosed orally every day. Serum HBV S antigen (HBsAg) and E antigen (HBeAg) were assayed through ELISA and HBV DNA through real time PCR. ELISA methods and qPCR method have been described in the in vitro assay sections above.

[0376] The following statements describe how the data in Table 1-43 were generated. For all of the in vitro HBsAg Cell line EC50 and CC50 data, the method for HepG2.2.15 was used and accordingly, 2215 was labeled in the columns or rows where the data was shown. For all of the in vitro HBV DNA Cell line EC50 and CC50 data, the method for HepG2.117 was used and accordingly, 2117 was labeled in the columns or rows where the data was shown. For all in vitro HBsAg as well as HBeAg EC50 data tested in HBV/PHH infectious system, PHH method was used and accordingly PHH was labeled in the columns or rows where the data was shown. For in vivo AAV-HBV mouse model results, method in in vivo section above was applied. The Maximum HBsAg (or HBeAg) reduction was described as nadir (unit Log reduction) and the nadir was labeled in the columns or rows where the data was shown. Two ASOs were often compared for their nadir. If value other than nadir was compared, they will be indicated in the text.

[0377] Method of Treatment

[0378] An adult human suffering from HBV infection is administered intravenously a therapeutically effective compound of the present disclosure, for example, a compound selected from Table 1-43. Treatment is continued until one or more symptom of HBV is ameliorated, or for example, serum HBV S antigen (HBsAg) and/or E antigen (HBeAg) levels are reduced.

[0379] An adult human suffering from HBV infection is administered subcutaneously a therapeutically effective compound of the present disclosure, for example, a compound selected from Table 1-43. Treatment is continued until one or more symptom of HBV is ameliorated, or for example, serum HBV S antigen (HBsAg) and/or E antigen (HBeAg) levels are reduced.

[0380] In the following tables, A through J corresponds to the following:

A) 0.05-10 nM;

B) 10-100 nM;

[0381] C) above 100 nM;

D) 0.1-5.0 nM;

E) 5.1-10.0 nM;

F) 10.1-21 nM;

G) 20-100

H) 10-1000

I) >1,000

J) >10,000.

[0382]

TABLE-US-00013 TABLE1 ChimericoligonucleotidewithPSand 2-O-MeModifications 2215 MaxHBsAg SEQ HBsAg 2215 Log Molecular ID EC50 CC50 reduction* Weight ID NO: Sequence(5-3) (nM) (nM) (nadir) (MW) 101 381 5mGpsmCpsmApsmGpsmApsmGps A J 6967.66 GpsTpsGnsApsApsGpsmCpsmGps mApsmApsmGpsmUpsmGpsmC-3 102 382 5mGpsmCpsmApsmGpsmAnsmGps B J 7739.69 GpsTpsGpSApsApsGpsmCpsmGps mApsmApsmGpsmUpsmGpsmCps- Chol-3 103 383 5mGpsmCpsmApsmGpsmApsmGps B J 2 8728.57 GpsTpsGpSApsApsGpsmCpsmGps mApsmApSmGpsmUpsmGpsmC-Gal NAc-3 *Log Reduction post 3 30 mg/kg SC

[0383] FIGS. 1A-C show results of 2-week testing of a compound of the present disclosure in vivo in an AAV/HBV mouse model. AAV/HBV is a recombinant Adeno-associated virus (AAV) carrying replicable HBV genome. Taking advantage of the highly hepatotropic feature of genotype 8 AAV, the HBV genome can be efficiently delivered to the mouse liver cells. Infection of immune competent mouse with AAV/HBV can result in long-term HBV viremia, which mimics chronic HBV infection in patients. The AAV/HBV model can be used to evaluate the in vivo activity of various types of anti-HBV agents. Mice were infected with AAV-HBV on day-28 of the study. The test articles or negative control (PBS) were dosed subcutaneously (unless specified otherwise) three times on days 0, 2 and 4 at the specified dose levels. The positive control entecavir (ETV, for HBV DNA, but not for HBV antigens) was dosed orally every day. Serial blood collections were carried out on the days shown in the figures. Serum HBV S antigen (HBsAg) and E antigen (HBeAg) were assayed through ELISA and HBV DNA through real time PCR. In FIGS. 1A-1C, three test articles #101, #102 (3 Cholesterol conjugated form of #101) and #103 (3 GalNAc conjugated form of #101) were tested along with ETV.

[0384] FIG. 1A shows HBsAg serum levels. ETV is known to reduce HBV DNA but has no effects on either HBsAg or HBeAg. GalNAc conjugated #101 reduced HBsAg 2 log while unconjugated #101 and Cholesterol conjugated #102 had very little effect.

[0385] FIG. 1B shows HBeAg serum levels; and FIG. 1C shows DNA serum levels. The patterns for these three oligomers on HBeAg were very similar to that of HBsAg. The max HBeAg drop for #103 was 0.7 log.

[0386] FIG. 1C shows DNA serum levels. All three oligomers reduced HBV DNA in mouse serum with GalNAc conjugated #103 being the most potent compound (max HBV DNA reduction on day 14 was 3 log comparing with day 0 baseline). The positive control ETV also showed max 3 log drop in HBV DNA.

[0387] FIGS. 2A-B show HBsAg serum levels for a GalNAc conjugated compound of the present disclosure as a SC and an IV administration in an in vivo mouse model. FIG. 2A show results for IV administration; FIG. 2B shows results for SC administration. The SC delivery showed slightly higher degree of HBsAg than the IV delivery with the same dosage

TABLE-US-00014 TABLE2 MaxHBsAg SEQ 2215 2215 Log ID EC50 CC50 reduction #ID NO: Sequence(5-3) (nM) (nM) (nadir)* MW 104 384 5mGpsmApsmUpsmUpsmApsmGps B J 7275.92 GpsCpsApsGpSApsGosGosTpsm GpsmApsmApsmApsmApsmApsmG3 105 385 5mGpsmApsmUpsmUpsmApsmGps A J 8031.88 GpsCpsApSGnsApsGpsGpsTpsm GpsmApsmApsmApsmApsmApsmG- Chol-3 106 386 5mGpsmApsmUpsmUpsmApsmGps C J 0.8 9036.82 GpsCpsApSGpsApsGpsGpsTpsm GpsmApsmApsmApsmApsmApsmG- GalNAc-3 *Log Reduction post 3 30 mg/kg SC

[0388] FIG. 3 shows HBsAg reduction levels for GalNAc conjugated compounds of the present disclosure (#106, #109, #162 and #159) via subcutaneous delivery in an in vivo AAV-HBV mouse model. The max HBsAg reductions for these ASO were similarly 1 Log.

TABLE-US-00015 TABLE3 MaxHBsAg SEQ 2215 2215 Log ID EC50 CC50 reduction #ID NO: Sequence(5-3) (nM) (nM) (nadir)* MW 107 387 5mGpsmApsmUpsmUnsmApsGpsGpsCps B J 7245.89 ApsGpSAnsGpsGpsTpsmGpsmApsmAnsm AnsmApsmApsmG3 108 388 5mGpsmApsmUpsmUpsmApsGpsGpsCps A J 8001.85 ApsGnsApsGpsGpsTpsmGpsmApsmApsm ApSmApsmApsmG-Chpl-3 109 389 5mGpsmApsmUpsmUpsmApsGpsGpsCps C J 1 9006.80 ApsGpsApsGpsGpsTpsmGpsmApsmApsm ApsmApsmApsmG-GalNAc-3 *Log Reduction post 3 30 mg/kg SC

TABLE-US-00016 TABLE 4 2215 2117 sup 2117 Intra 2215 HBsAg HBVDNA HBVDNA CC50 #ID EC50 (nM) (EC50 nM) EC50(nM) (nM) MW 110 B F F J 7305.95 111 B E E J 7320.96 112 B D D J 7350.99 113 B D D J 7350.99 114 A D D J 7381.02 115 B D E J 7275.92 116 B F E J 7290.94 117 A D D J 7320.97 118 B E D J 7320.97 119 A D D J 7351.00

TABLE-US-00017 SEQ ID #ID NO: Sequence(5-3) 110 390 5mGpsmDAPpsmUpsmUpsmDAPpsmGps GpsCpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTpsmGpsm ApsmApsmApsmApsmApsmG3 111 391 5mGpsmApsmUpsmUpsmApsmGpsGps CpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTpsmGpsmAps mApsmDAPpsmDAPpsmmDAPpsmG3 112 392 5mGpsmApsmUpsmUpsmApsmGpsGps CpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTpsmGpsmDAP psmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmG3 113 393 5mGpsmDAPpsmUpsmUpsmDAPpsmGps GpsCpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTpsmGpsm ApsmApsmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmG3 114 394 5mGpsmDAPpsmUpsmUpsmDAPpsmGps GpsCpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTpsmGpsm DAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPps mG3 115 395 5mGpsmDAPpsmUpsmUpsmDAPpsGps GpsCpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTpsmGpsm ApsmApsmApsmApsmApsmG3 116 396 5mGpsmApsmUpsmUpsmApsGpsGps CpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTpsmGpsmAps mApsmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmG3 117 397 5mGpsmApsmUpsmUpsmApsGpsGps CpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTpsmGpsmDAP psmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmG3 118 398 5mGpsmDAPpsmUpsmUpsmDAPpsGps GpsCpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTpsmGpsm ApsmApsmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmG3 119 399 5mGpsmDAPpsmUpsmUpsmDAPpsGps GpsCpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTpsmGpsm DAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmDAPps mG3

TABLE-US-00018 TABLE5 SEQ 2215 2215 ID EC50 CC50 #ID NO: Sequence(5-3) (nM) (nM) MW 120 400 5mGpsmCpsmApsmGpsmApsmGps A J 6982.68 GpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsmCpsmGps mApsmDAPpsmGpsmUpsmGpsmC-3 121 401 5mGpsmCpsmApsmGpsmApsmGps A J 6997.69 GpsTpsGpsApsAgsGgsmCpsmGps mDAPpsmDAPpsmGpsmUpsmGpsm C-3 122 402 5mGpsmCpsmApsmGpsmDAPpsm A J 7012.71 GpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsmCps mGpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmGpsmUpsm GpsmC-3 123 403 5mGpsmCpsmDAPpsmGpSmDAPps A C 7027.72 mGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsmCps mGpsmDAPpsmDAPpsmGpsmUpSm GpsmC-3

TABLE-US-00019 TABLE6 MaxHBsAg HBsAg SEQ Log EC50 CC50 ID reduction #ID (nM) (nM) NO: Sequence(5-3) (nadir)* MW 159 B J 404 5mApsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsApsGpsGpsTps 1 8630.55 Gps5meCpsGps5meCps5meCps5meCps5mem CpsmGpsmUDSmGpsmG-GalNAc3 160 B J 405 5mGpsmGpsmUpsmGpsmApsApsGps5meCps 1.9 8624.54 GpsApsApsGpsTpsGps5mCpsmAps5memCps mAps5memeCpsmG-GalNAc3 161 B J 406 5mUpsmGpsmGps5memCpsmAps5meCpsTps 1.9 8548.52 ApsGpsTpsApsApsAps5meCpsTpsmGpsm ApsmGps5memCps5memC-GalNAc3 162 B J 407 55memCpsmUpsmApsmGmGpsApsGpsTps 1 8553.45 Tps5meCps5meCpsGps5meCpsApsGpsm UpsmApsmUpsmGDSmG-GalNAc3 163 B J 408 5mApsmGpsmApsmGpsmGpsTpsGps5meCps 0.8 8611.53 Gps5meCps5meCps5meCps5meCpsGpsTpsm GpsmGpsmUps5memCpsmG-GalNAc3 164 B J 409 5mUps5memCps5memCpsmGps5memCpsAps 1.9 8610.55 GpsTpsApsTpsGpsGpsApsTps5meCpsmGps mGps5memCpsmApsmG-GalNAc3 165 B J 410 5mUpsmGps5memCpsmApsmGpsApsGpsGps 2.8 8637.50 TpsGpsApsApsGps5meCpsGpsmApsmApsm GpsmUpsmG-GalNAc3 166 B J 411 5mApsmGpsmUps5memCps5memCpsAps5me 0.3 8507.51 Cps5meCAps5meCpsGpsApsGpsTps5meCps mUpsmApsmGpsmAps5memC-GalNAc3 *Log Reduction post 3 30 mg/kg SC

[0389] FIG. 3 shows HBsAg reduction levels for GalNAc conjugated compounds of the present disclosure (#106, #109, #162 and #159) via subcutaneous delivery in an in vivo AAV-HBV mouse model. The max HBsAg reductions for these ASO were similarly 1 Log.

[0390] FIGS. 4A-C show in vivo HBsAg, HBeAg and Serum HBV DNA data in an AAV-HBV mouse model for compounds of the present disclosure. #103, #164 and #165 when delivered SC, showed significant reductions in HBsAg, HBeAg and Serum HBV DNA in AAV-HBV mouse model. #103 also demonstrated dose response when dosed at two different dose levels. FIG. 4A shows HBsAg serum levels. FIG. 4B shows HBeAg serum levels. FIG. 4C shows HBV DNA levels.

[0391] FIGS. 4A-C show in vivo HBsAg, HBeAg and Serum HBV DNA data in an AAV-HBV mouse model for compounds of the present disclosure. FIG. 4A shows HBsAg serum levels. FIG. 4B shows HBeAg serum levels. FIG. 4C shows HBV DNA levels.

[0392] FIGS. 5A-C show in vivo HBsAg, HBeAg and serum HBV DNA data in an AAV-HBV mouse model for compounds of the present disclosure. #160, #161, #163, #166, #213 and #176 significantly reduced HBsAg, HBeAg and serum HBV DNA in AAV-HBV Mouse model. FIG. 5A shows HBsAg serum levels. FIG. 5B shows HBeAg serum levels. FIG. 5C shows HBV DNA levels.

TABLE-US-00020 TABLE7 HBsAg 2215 2215 SEQ Base SEQ EC50 CC50 ID Sequence ID #ID (nM) (nM) NO: (5-3) NO: ModifiedSequence(5-3) MW 167 A J 412 GCAGAGGTGA 415 5fGnpsfCnpsfAnpsfGnpsfAnpsfGnps 6785.38 AGCGAAGTGC GpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsfCnpsfGnpsf AnpsfAnpsfGnpsfUnpsfGnps-3-NH.sub.2- fC 168 A J 413 GCAGAGGTGA 416 5fGnpsfCnpsfAnpsfGnpsfAnpsfGnps 6768.37 AGCGAAGTGC GpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCpsfGnpsfAnpsf AnpsfGnpsfUnpsfGnps-3-NH.sub.2-fC 169 A J 414 GCAGAGGTGA 417 5fGnpsfCnpsfAnpsfGnpsfAnpsfGnps 6751.37 AGCGAAGTGC GpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCpsGpsfAnpsf AnpsfGnpsfUnpsfGnps-3-NH.sub.2-fC

TABLE-US-00021 TABLE8 HBsAg HBsAg 2215 2215 SEQID EC50 CC50 #ID NO: Sequence(5-3) (M) (M) MW 170 418 5GnpCnpAnpGnpAnpGnpGpsTpsGps A H-I 6339.66 AnsAnsGpsCnpGnpAnpAnpGnpTnp Gnp-3NH.sub.2-C 171 419 5GnpsfCnpsfAnpsGnpsfAnpsGnps A H-I 6692.45 GpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsfCnpsGnpsf AnpsfAnpsGnpsfTnpsGnpS-3NH.sub.2- fC 172 420 5GnpfCnpfAnpGnpfAnpGnpGpsTps A H-I 6483.58 GpsApsApsGpsfCnpGnpfAnpfAnp GnpfTnpGnp-3NH.sub.2-fC

TABLE-US-00022 TABLE9 HBsAg HBsAg 2215 2215 SEQID EC50 CC50 #ID NO: Sequence(5-3) (nM) (nM) MW 173 421 5GnpsafCnpsafAnpsGpspafAnps A J 6677.43 GnpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsafCnps GnpsafAnpsafAnpsGnpsafUnps GnpsafC 174 422 5GnpafCnpafAnpGnpafAnpGnp A J 6468.57 GpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsafCnpGnpa fAnpafAnpGnpafUnpGnpafC 175 423 5GnpafCnpafAnpGnpafAnpGnp A J 6466.65 GpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCpsGnpaf AnpafAnpGnpafUnpGnpafC

TABLE-US-00023 TABLE10 Gapmer(2Ome,5MeC)with5GalNAc 2215 MaxHBsAg SEQ HBsAg Log ID EC50 Reduction ID NO: Sequence(5-3) (nM) (nadir)* 204 424 5-GalNAc-NHC6-psmUpsm5meCps C 1 m5meCpsmGpsm5meCpsApsGpsTps ApsTpsGpsGpsApsTps5meCpsmGps mGpsm5meCpsmApsmG3 205 425 5-GalNAc-NHC6-psm5meCpsmUps B 1 mApsmGpsmGpsApsGpsTpsTps5me Cps5meCpsGps5meCpsApsGpsmUps mApsmUpsmGpsmG3 206 426 5-GalNAc-NHC6-psmApsmApsm B 1 GpsmApsmGpsApsGpsGpsTpsGps 5meCpsGps5meCps5meCps5meCps m5meCpsmGpsmUpsmGpsmG3 207 427 5GalNAc-NHC6-psmApsmGpsmAps B 0.5 mGpsmGpsTpsGps5meCpsGns5me Cps5meCps5meCps5meCpsGpsTpsm GpsmGpsmUpsm5meCpsmG3 208 428 5GalNAc-NHC6-psmUpsmGpsm5me 1.4 CpsmApsmGpsApsGpsGpsTpsGps ApsAnsGpsSmeCpsGpsmApsmApsm GpsmUpsmG3 *Log Reduction post 3 30 mg/kg SC

[0393] FIGS. 6A-6C show in vivo HBsAg, HBeAg and serum HBV DNA data in an AAV-HBV mouse model for compounds of the present disclosure. #204, #205, #206, #207, #208 and #212 significantly reduced HBsAg, HBeAg and serum HBV DNA in AAV-HBV Mouse model. FIG. 6A shows HBsAg serum levels. FIG. 6B shows HBeAg serum levels. FIG. 6C shows HBV DNA levels.

TABLE-US-00024 TABLE11 Pre-Poly-A MaxHBsAg Log SEQID 2215HBsAg 2215CC50 Reduction #ID NO: Sequence(5-3) EC50(nM) (nM) (nadir)* MW 209 429 mGpsmCpsmUpsmCpsmCpsmApsmApsApsTpsTps A J 6758.52 CpsTpsTpsTpsmApsmUpsmApsmApsmGpsmG 210 430 mGpsmCpsmUpsmCpsmCpsmApsApsApsTpsTpsC A J 6728.49 psTpsTpsTpsmApsmUpsmApsmApsmGpsmG 211 431 mGpsmCpsmUpsmCpsmCpsmApsApsApsTpsTpsC A J 7073.77 psTpsTpsTpsApsmUpsmApsmApsmGpsmGpsmG 212 432 mGpsmCpsmUpsmCpsmCpsmApsmApsApsTpsTps CpsTpsTpsTpsmApsmUpsmApsmApsmGpsmG/Gal 0.8 8519.43 NAc/ 213 433 mGpsmCpsmUpsmCpsmCpsmApsApsApsTpsTpsC psTpsTpsTpsmApsmUpsmApsmApsmGpsmG/GalN 1 8489.40 Ac/ 176 434 mGpsmCpsmUpsmCpsmCpsmApsApsApsTpsTpsC psTpsTpsTpsApsmUpsmApsmApsmGpsmGpsmG/G B I 1.2 8834.67 alNAc/ 214 435 mGpsmCpsmUpsmCpsmCpsmApsmApsApsTpsTps CpsTpsTpsTpsmApsmUpsmApsmApsmGpsmG/3Ch 7514.48 olTEG/ 215 436 mGpsmCpsmUpsmCpsmCpsmApsApsApsTpsTpsC psTpsTpsTpsmApsmUpsmApsmApsmGpsmG/3Cho 7484.85 lTEG/ 216 437 mGpsmCpsmUpsmCpsmCpsmApsApsApsTpsTpsC psTpsTpsTpsApsmUpsmApsmApsmGpsmGpsmG/3 7829.72 CholTEG/ *Log Reduction post 3 30mg/kg SC

TABLE-US-00025 TABLE12 2215 2215 SEQID HBsAg CC50 #ID NO: Sequence(5-3) EC50(nM) (nM) MW 217 438 5-mGps5mmCpsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsGpsTp A I 7009.74 sGpsApsApsGp5mmCpsmGpsmApsmApsmGp smUpsmGpsm5meC-3 218 439 5-mGps5mmCpsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsGpsTp B I 7764.7 sGpsApsApsGps5mmCpsmGpsmApsmApsmG psmUpsmGps5mmC-Cholesterol-3 219 440 5-mGps5mmCpsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsGpsTp B I 7977.84 sGpsApsApsGp5mmCpsmGpsmApsmApsmGp smUpsmGps5mmC-TEG-Cholesterol-3 220 441 5-mGps5mmCpsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsGpsTp B I 7708.65 sGpsApsApsGps5mmCpsmGpsmApsmApsmG psmUpsmGps5mmC-Tocopherol-3 221 442 5-mGps5mmCpsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsGpsTp 7920.79 sGpsApsApsGps5mmCpsmGpsmApsmApsmG psmUpsmGps5mmC-TEG-Tocopherol-3 222 443 5-mGps5mmCpsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsGpsTp B I 8770.65 sGpsApsApsGps5mmCpsmGpsmApsmApsmG psmUpsmGps5mmC-GalNAc-3

TABLE-US-00026 TABLE13 2215 HBsAg 2215 SEQ EC50 CC50 #ID IDNO: Sequence(5-3) (nM) (nM) MW 223 444 5-mGpsm5meCpsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps A I 6979.71 Gps5meCpsmGpsmApsmApsmGpsmUpsmGpsm5meC-3 224 445 5-mGpsm5meCpsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps Gps5meCpsmGpsmApsmApsmGpsmUpsmGpsm5meC-po- I 7735.67 Chol-3 225 446 5-mGpsm5meCpsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps Gps5meCpsmGpsmApsmApsmGpsmUpsmGpsm5meC-po- I 7678.62 Tocopherol-3 226 447 5-mGpsm5meCpsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps Gps5meCpsmGpsmApsmApsmGpsmUpsmGpsm5meC-po- B I 8740.62 GalNAc-3 227 448 5-mGpsm5meCpsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps A I 6949.69 Gps5meCpsGpsmApsmApsmGpsmUpsmGpsm5meC-3 228 449 5-mGpsm5meCpsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps Gps5meCpsGpsmApsmApsmGpsmUpsmGpsm5meC-po-Chol- I 7705.65 3 229 450 5-mGpsm5meCpsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps Gps5meCpsGpsmApsmApsmGpsmUpsmGpsm5meC-po- A I 7650.61 Tocopherol-3 230 451 5-mGpsm5meCpsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps Gps5meCpsGpsmApsmApsmGpsmUpsmGpsm5meC-po- B I 8710.59 GalNAc-3

TABLE-US-00027 TABLE14 2215 2215 HBsAg HBsAg SEQ EC50 CC50 #ID IDNO: Sequence(5-3) (nM) (nM) MW 231 452 5-mGps2-4-OCH.sub.2-(5m)CpsmAps2-4-OCH.sub.2-GpsmAps2-4-OCH.sub.2- A I 6967.62 GpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsmGps2-4-OCH.sub.2-ApsmAps2- 4-OCH.sub.2-GpsmUps2-4-OCH.sub.2-Gps(5m)mC-3 232 453 5-mGps2-4-OCH.sub.2-(5m)CpsmAps2-4-OCH.sub.2-GpsmAps2-4-OCH.sub.2- A I 7723.58 GpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsmGps2-4-OCH.sub.2-ApsmAps2- 4-OCH.sub.2-GpsmUps2-4-OCH.sub.2-Gps(5m)mC-Chol-3 233 454 5-mGps2-4-OCH.sub.2-(5m)CpsmAps2-4-OCH.sub.2-GpsmAps2-4-OCH.sub.2- A I 7666.53 GpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsmGps2-4-OCH.sub.2-ApsmAps2- 4-OCH.sub.2-GpsmUps2-4-OCH.sub.2-Gps(5m)mC-Toco-3 234 455 5-mGps2-4-OCH.sub.2-(5m)CpsmAps2-4-OCH.sub.2-GpsmAps2-4-OCH.sub.2- A I 8728.52 GpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsmGps2-4-OCH.sub.2-ApsmAps2- 4-OCH.sub.2-GpsmUps2-4-OCH.sub.2-Gps(5m)mC-GalNAc-3 235 456 5-mGps2-4-OCH.sub.2-(5m)CpsmAps2-4-OCH.sub.2-GpsmAps2-4-OCH.sub.2- A I 6937.59 GpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsmGps2-4-OCH.sub.2-ApsmAps2- 4-OCH.sub.2-GpsmUps2-4-OCH.sub.2-Gps(5m)mC-3 236 457 5-mGps2-4-OCH.sub.2-(5m)CpsmAps2-4-OCH.sub.2-GpsmAps2-4-OCH.sub.2- A I 7693.55 GpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsmGps2-4-OCH.sub.2-ApsmAps2- 4-OCH.sub.2-GpsmUps2-4-OCH.sub.2-Gps(5m)mC-Chol-3 237 458 5-mGps2-4-OCH.sub.2-(5m)CpsmAps2-4-OCH.sub.2-GpsmAps2-4-OCH.sub.2- A I 7636.50 GpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsmGps2-4-OCH.sub.2-ApsmAps2- 4-OCH.sub.2-GpsmUps2-4-OCH.sub.2-Gps(5m)mC-Toco-3 238 459 5-mGps2-4-OCH.sub.2-(5m)CpsmAps2-4-OCH.sub.2-GpsmAps2-4-OCH.sub.2- A I 8698.50 GpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsmGps2-4-OCH.sub.2-ApsmAps2- 4-OCH.sub.2-GpsmUps2-4-OCH.sub.2-Gps(5m)mC-GalNAc-3 239 460 5-mGps2-4-OCH.sub.2-(5m)CpsmAps2-4-OCH.sub.2-GpsmAps2-4-OCH.sub.2- A I 6881.57 GpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsmGps2-4-OCH.sub.2-ApsmAps2- 4-OCH.sub.2-GpsmUps2-4-OCH.sub.2-Gps(5m)mC-3

TABLE-US-00028 TABLE15 2215 HBsAg 2215 SEQID EC50 CC50 #ID NO: Sequence(5-3) (nM) (nM) MW 240 461 5-dTnpsGnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsApsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps A I 6566.49 GpsCpsGpsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGn-3 241 462 5-dTnpsfGnpsCnpsfAnpsfGnpsApsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsA A I 6700.35 psGpsCpsGpsfAnpsfAnpsfGnpsfUnpsfGn3

TABLE-US-00029 TABLE16 2215 SEQ HBsAg 2215 #ID IDNO: Sequence(5-3) EC50 CC50 MW 243 463 5-fGnpsCnpsfAnpsfGnpsfAnpsfGnpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCnpsfG A I 6731.41 npsfAnpsfAnpsfGnpsfUnpsfGnpsCn-3 242 464 5-fGnpsCnpsfAnpsfGnpsfAnpsfGnpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCpsGps A I 6715.39 fAnpsfAnpsfGnpsfUnpsfGnpsCn-3

TABLE-US-00030 TABLE17 Y 2215 Domain SEQ 2215 CC50 #ID Size IDNO: Sequence(5-3) EC50 (nM) MW 244 6 465 5-dGnpmCnpmAnpmGnpmAnpmGnpGpsTpsGpsA A I 6714.98 psApsGpsmCnpmGnpmAnpmAnpmGnpmUnpmGnp mCnp-3 245 7 466 5-dGnpmCnpmAnpmGnpmAnpmGnpGpsTpsGpsA A I 6702.01 psApsGpsCpsmGnpmAnpmAnpmGnpmUnpmGnpm Cnp-3 246 8 467 5-dGnpmCnpmAnpmGnpmAnpmGnpGpsTpsGpsA A G 6689.03 psApsGpsCpsGpsmAnpsmAnpmGnpmUnpmGnpm Cnp-3 247 8 468 5-dGnpmCnpmAnpmGnpmAnpGpsGpsTpsGpsAps A I 6689.03 ApsGpsCpsmGnpmAnpmAnpmGnpmUnpmGnpmC np-3 248 9 469 5-dGnpmCnpmAnpmGnpmAnpGpsGpsTpsGpsAps A I 6676.06 ApsGpsCpsGpsmAnpmAnpmGnpmUnpmGnpmCnp -3

TABLE-US-00031 TABLE18 2215 2215 SEQ HBsAg HBsAg #ID IDNO: Sequence(5-3) EC50 CC50 MW 142 470 5-mApsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsApsGpsGpsTpsGps5meCps A I 6869.64 Gps5meCps5meCps5meCps5memCpsmGpsmUpsmGpsmG 3 196 471 5-mApsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsmApsGpsGpsTpsGps5meC A I 6929.69 psGps5meCps5meCps5memCps5memCpsmGpsmUpsmGps mG3 197 472 5-mApsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsmApsmGpsGpsTpsGps5me A I 6989.74 CpsGps5meCps5memCps5memCps5memCpsmGpsmUpsm GpsmG3 143 473 5-mGpsmGpsmUpsmGpsmApsApsGps5meCpsGpsApsAps A I 6863.64 GpsTpsGps5mCpsmAps5memCpsmAps5memeCpsmG3 198 474 5-mGpsmGpsmUpsmGpsmApsmApsGps5meCpsGpsApsA A I 6923.69 psGpsTpsGps5memCpsmAps5memCpsmAps5memeCpsm G3 199 475 5-mGpsmGpsmUpsmGpsmApsmApsmGps5meCpsGpsAps A I 6953.72 ApsGpsTpsGps5memCpsmAps5memCpsmAps5memeCps mG3 146 476 5-mUpsmGpsmGps5memCpsmAps5meCpsTpsApsGpsTps A I 6987.62 ApsApsAps5meCpsTpsmGpsmApsmGps5memCps5memC 3 200 477 5-mUpsmGpsmGps5memCpsmAps5memCpsTpsApsGpsT A I 6817.64 psApsApsAps5meCpsTpsmGpsmApsmGps5memCps5mem C3 201 478 5-mUpsmGpsmGps5memCpsmAps5meCpsTpsApsGpsTps A I ApsApsAps5meCpsTpsmGpsmApsmGps5memCps5memC 3 147 479 5-5memCpsmUpsmApsmGmGpsApsGpsTpsTps5meCps5 A I 6792.55 meCpsGps5meCpsApsGpsmUpsmApsmUpsmGpsmG3 202 480 5-5memCpsmUpsmApsmGmGpsmApsGpsTpsTps5meCps A I 6852.60 5meCpsGps5meCpsApsmGpsmUpsmApsmUpsmGpsmG3 203 481 5-5memCpsmUpsmApsmGmGpsmApsmGpsTpsTps5meC A I 6882.62 ps5meCpsGps5meCpsApsmGpsmUpsmApsmUpsmGpsmG 3

TABLE-US-00032 TABLE19 2215 SEQ HBsAg 2215 #ID IDNO: Sequence(5-3) EC50 CC50 MW 128 482 5- B J 4577.86 GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsApsGpsGpsTpsGpsAnpsAnpsGnpsC nps-3-NH.sub.2-G-3 129 483 5- B J 5201.40 CnpsGnpsTnpsGnpsCnpsApsGpsApsGpsGpsTnpsGnpsAn psAnpsGnps-3-NH.sub.2-C-3 130 484 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTnpsGpsApsAnps A J 6543.60 GnpsCnpsGnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3NH.sub.2-C-3 131 485 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTpsGpsAnpsAnps B J 6543.60 GnpsCnpsGnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3NH.sub.2-C-3 132 486 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGpsTpsGnpsAnpsAnps B J 6543.60 GnpsCnpsGnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3NH.sub.2-C-3 133 487 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTnpsGnpsApsAps B J 6543.60 GnpsCnpsGnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3NH.sub.2-C-3 134 488 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTnpsGnpsAnpsAps B J 6543.60 GpsCnpsGnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3NH.sub.2-C-3 135 489 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGpsTpsGpsAnpsAnpsG B J 6544.58 npsCnpsGnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3NH.sub.2-C-3 136 490 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTnpsGpsApsApsG B J 6544.58 npsCnpsGnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3NH.sub.2-C-3 137 491 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTpsGpsApsAnpsG A J 6544.58 npsCnpsGnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3NH.sub.2-C-3 138 492 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTnpsGnpsApsAps B J 6544.58 GpsCnpsGnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3NH.sub.2-C-3 139 493 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTnpsGpsApsApsG A J 6545.57 psCnpsGnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3NH.sub.2-C-3 140 494 5-GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTpsGpsApsApsGp A J 6546.55 sCnpsGnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3NH.sub.2-C-3

TABLE-US-00033 TABLE 20 2215 2217 sup 2117 intra HBsAg 2215 HBVDNA HBVNA #ID EC50 (nM) CC50 (nM) (EC50 nM) EC50(nM) 177 B J D F 178 B J E F 179 B J F F 180 A J D F 181 B J D F 182 A J D E 183 A J D E 184 A J D D 185 A J D E 186 B J D D 187 B J E E 188 B J E F 189 A J D F 190 C J E F 191 B J E F 192 B J D D 193 B J E D 194 C J E E 195 B J E D

TABLE-US-00034 TABLE 21 2215 2217 sup 2217 intra HBsAg 2215 HBVDNA HBVDNA #ID EC50 (nM) CC50 (nM) (EC50 nM) (EC50 nM) 124 B J B B 125 B J B B 126 J B A 127 A J A A 128 B J C B 129 B J B B

TABLE-US-00035 TABLE 22 2215 2217 sup 2217 intra HBsAg 2215 HBVDNA HBVDNA EC50 (nM) CC50 (nM) (EC50 nM) (EC50 nM) 249 C G F F 250 B G F E 251 B G F F 252 B G E E 253 B G E E 254 G E D 255 A G D D 256 B G F E 257 B G E E

TABLE-US-00036 TABLE23 2215 HBsAg2215 CC50 SEQID EC50(M) (M) NO: Sequence(5-3) MW A E-F 495 GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTnpsGpsApsAnpsGnpsCnpsG 6543.60 npsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3nh2-C A E-F 496 GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTpsGpsAnpsAnpsGnpsCnpsG 6543.60 npsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3nh2-C A E-F 497 GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGpsTpsGnpsAnpsAnpsGnpsCnpsG 6543.60 npsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3nh2-C A E-F 498 GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTnpsGnpsApsApsGnpsCnpsG 6543.60 npsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3nh2-C A E-F 499 GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTnpsGnpsAnpsApsGpsCnpsG 6543.60 npsAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3nh2-C A E-F 500 GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGpsTpsGpsAnpsAnpsGnpsCnpsGn 6544.58 psAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3nh2-C A E-F 501 GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTnpsGpsApsApsGnpsCnpsGn 6544.58 psAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3nh2-C A E-F 502 GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTpsGpsApsAnpsGnpsCnpsGn 6544.58 psAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3nh2-C A E-F 503 GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTnpsGnpsApsApsGpsCnpsGn 6544.58 psAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3nh2-C A E-F 504 GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTnpsGpsApsApsGpsCnpsGnp 6545.57 sAnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3nh2-C A E-F 505 GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGnpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCnpsGnps 6546.55 AnpsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3nh2-C A E-F 506 GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCpsGnpsAn 6548.52 psAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3nh2-C A E-F 507 GnpsCnpsApsGnpsAnpsGpsGnpsTnpsGpsAnpsAnpsGpsCnpsGnp 6547.54 sApsAnpsGnpsTpsGnps-3nh2-C A E-F 508 GpsCnpsAnpsGpsAnpsGnpsGpsTnpsGnpsApsAnpsGnpsCpsGnps 6548.52 AnpsApsGnpsTnpsGps-3nh2-C A E-F 509 GnpsCpsAnpsGnpsApsGnpsGnpsTpsGnpsAnpsApsGnpsCnpsGps 6547.54 AnpsAnpsGpsTnpsGnps-3nh2-C A E-F 510 GnpsCnpsAnpsGnpsAnpsGnpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCnpsGnpsA 6547.54 npsAnpsGnpsTnpsGnps-3nh2-C

[0394] Two oligonucleotides, the first containing 2MOE PS modifications and the other containing 2MOE NPS, were tested in vitro and in vivo. The following Tables 24-26 summarize the results of the testing.

TABLE-US-00037 TABLE24 MaxHBsAg MaxHBeAg Reduction(nadir) Reduction(nadir) Sequence Tm(C.) 310mg/kg 310mg/kg 258 77.2 3.4log 2.7log 259 69.9 2.4log 1.9log Improvement 7.3 1log 0.8log # Sequence(5-3) MolWt. 258 5-mGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnpsmGnpsmoeAnpsGpsGpsTpsGp 8862.97 sApsApsGpsCpsGpsApsmoeAnpsmGnpsmoeUnpsmGnpsm oeCnp-C6-NH-GalNAc6-3(SEQIDNO:511) 259* 5-moeGps(5me)moeCpsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeApsGpsGpsTp 9008.93 sGpsApsApsGps(5me)CpsGpsApsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeTpsm oeGps(5me)moeC-po-GalNAc2-3(SEQIDNO:512) *Sequences 260 and 261 were also tested and provided similar results.

[0395] FIG. 9A shows HBsAg results of oligomers 1 and 2 in a HBV Mouse Model tested at 310 mg/kg on Days 0, 2, 4. FIG. 9B shows the HBeAg results.

TABLE-US-00038 TABLE25 MaxHBsAg MaxHBeAg Reduction(nadir) Reduction(nadir) Sequence Tm(C.) 310mg/kg 310mg/kg 262 77.3 3.1log 2.5log 263 69.9 2.4log 1.9log Improvement 7.4 0.7log 0.6log # Sequence(5-3) MolWt. 262* 5-GalNAc2- 8941.00 moeGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsA psApsGpsCpsGpsApsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeUnpsmoeGnpsmoe Cn3(SEQIDNO:513) 263 5-moeGps(5me)moeCpsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeApsGpsGpsTpsGp 9008.93 sApsApsGps(5me)CpsGpsApsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeTpsmoeGps (5me)moeC-GalNAc2-3(SEQIDNO:514) *5-GalNac2-moeGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsGpsApsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeUnpsmoeGnpsmoeCn-3(SEQ ID NO: 515) and 5-GalNac-moeGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCpsGpsApsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeUnpsmoeGnpsmoeCn-3(SEQ ID NO: 516) were also tested and provided similar results.

TABLE-US-00039 TABLE26 MaxHBsAg MaxHBeAg Reduction(nadir) Reduction(nadir) Sequence 35mg/kg 35mg/kg 266 2.3log 2.1log 267 2.2log 1.9log Improvement 0.1log 0.2log # Sequence(5-3) MolWt. 266* 5-GalNAc2- 8736.73 mGnpsmCnpsmAnpsmGnpsmAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsG ps(5m)CpsGpsApsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeUnpsmoeGnpsmoe Cn-3(SEQIDNO:517) 267 5-GalNac6-NH-C6- 9105.14 moeGps(5m)moeCpsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeApsGpsGpsTpsGp sApsApsGps(5m)CpsGpsApsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeTpsmoeG ps(5m)moeC-3(SEQIDNO:518) *5-GalNAc2-mGnpsmCnpsmAnpsmGnpsmAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsGpsApsmAnpsmGnpsmUnpsmGnpsmCn-3(SEQ ID NO: 519) was also tested and provided similar results.

[0396] As can be seen above, the MOE NPS oligomers were more active than MOE PS in vivo and OMe NPS is as active as MOE PS oligomers.

[0397] Two oligonucleotides, the first containing OEt NPS substitution and the second having MOE NPS were tested in vitro and in vivo. The following Table 27 summarizes the results of the testing.

TABLE-US-00040 TABLE27 MaxHBsAgReduction MaxHBeAgReduction (nadir) (nadir) Sequence 35mg/kg 35mg/kg 269 1.9log 1.7log 270 1.9log 1.8 Difference 0log 0.1log # Sequence(5-3) 269 5-GalNAc2-etoGnps(5m)etoCnpsetoAnpsetoGnpsetoAnpsGps GpsTpsGpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsGpsApsetoAnpsetoGnpsetoTnpse toGnps(5m)etoCn-3(SEQIDNO:520) 270 5-GalNAc2- moeGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps (5m)CpsGpsApsmAnpsmGnpsmUnpsmGnpsmCn-3(SEQIDNO:521)

[0398] As can be seen above, the MOE NPS oligomers had similar activity to the OEt NPS oligomers.

[0399] Four oligonucleotides, the first containing MOE PS substitution, the second having MOE NPS substitution, the third having OME PS substitution, the fourth having OME NPS were tested in vitro. The following Table 28 summarizes the results of the testing. Comparing with Sequence #9 (MOE PS), Sequence #10 (MOE NPS) is 7 times more potent in vitro. Comparing with Sequence #11 (OME PS), Sequence #12 (OME NPS) is close to 6 times more potent.

TABLE-US-00041 TABLE28 Sequence 2215HBsAgEC50(nM) Tm(C.) 271 5 69.9 272 0.7 77.3 273 5 70.7 274 0.9 75.5 # Sequence(5-3) MW 271 5- 7344.19 moeGpsmoemCpsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeApsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps Gps5mCpsGpsApsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeTpsmoeGpsmoemC3 (SEQIDNO:522) 272 5moeGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsA 7276.27 psApsGpsCpsGpsApsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeUnpsmoeGnpsmoeCn 3(SEQIDNO:523) 273 5- 6889.64 mGps5mmCpsmApsmGpsmApsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps5mCps GpsApsmApsmGpsmUpsmGps5mmC-3(SEQIDNO:524) 274 5-mGnpsmCnpsmAnpsmGnps 6837.71 mAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCpsGpsApsmAnpsmGnpsmUnp smGnpsmCn-3(SEQIDNO:525)

[0400] Two oligonucleotides, the first containing 5GalNAc-2-MOE NPS substitution, the second having 5-GalNAc-6: MOE PS substitution was tested in vivo. The following Table 29, along with FIG. 8, summarizes the results of the testing. Maximum HBsAg reduction (nadir) improvement is shown in Table 29. At certain times the advantage was as high as 0.8 log (6) difference and the advantage of MOE NPS over MOE PS was maintained throughout most days of 42-day study duration.

TABLE-US-00042 TABLE29 # Sequence(5-3) MW 275 5-GalNAc2-moeGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnps 8957.00 moeGnpsmoeAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps Gps(5m)CpsGpsApsmoeAnpsmoeGnps moeUnpsmoeGnpsmoeCn-3(SEQID NO:526) 276 5-GalNac6-NH-C6-moeGps(5m)moeCps 9105.14 moeApsmoeGpsmoeApsGpsGpsTpsGpsAps ApsGps(5m)CpsGpsApsmoeApsmoeGps moeTpsmoeGps(5m)moeC-3(SEQID NO:527) ImprovementofHBsAg Dose MaxReduction(nadir) 35mg/kg 0.4Log(2.5times) 15mg/kg 0.5log(3.2times)

[0401] Two oligonucleotides, the first containing 3-GalNAc-2-MOE NPS substitution, the second having 3-GalNAc2-MOE PS substitution was tested in vivo. The following Table 30 summarizes the results of the testing.

TABLE-US-00043 TABLE30 # Sequence(5-3) MW 277 5moeGps(5m)moeCpsmoeApsmoeGpsmoe 9008.93 ApsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsGps ApsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeTpsmoeGps(5me) moeC-GalNAc2-3(SEQIDNO:528) 258 5-mGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnpsmGnpsmoeAnps 8862.97 GpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCpsGpsApsmoe AnpsmGnpsmoeUnpsmGnpsmoeCnp-C6-NH- GalNAc63(SEQIDNO:529) Sequence 277 258 Improvement Tm(C.) 69.9 77.2 7.3 2215HBsAgInvitro 5 0.7 7.1-fold EC50(nM) MaHBsAgReduction 2.4log 3.4log 1log(10times) (nadir)310mg/kg MaHBeAgReduction 1.9log 2.7log 0.8log(6.3times) (nadir)310mg/kg

[0402] Two oligonucleotides, the first containing OME NPS substitution, the second having OME PS substitution were tested in vivo. The following Table 31, along with FIGS. 10A-10B, summarizes the results of the testing. OME NPS is much more potent in vivo than OME PS.

TABLE-US-00044 TABLE31 # Sequence(5-3) MW 278 5-GalNAc2-mGnpsmCnpsmAnpsmGnpsm 8502.45 AnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCpsGps ApsmAnpsmGnpsmUnpsmGnpsmCn-3 (SEQIDNO:530) 279 5-mGps(5m)mCpsmApsmGpsmApsGpsGps 8650.54 TpsGpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsGpsApsmAps mGpsmUpsmGps(5m)mC-Ga1NAc-3 (SEQIDNO:531) MaxHBsAg Improvement Reduction MaxHBeAg ofOMENPS (nadir) Reduction overOMEPS improvement (nadir) 310mg/kg 0.9 Log 0.5 Log (8 times) (3.2 times)

[0403] The following sequences were tested in the HBV mouse model. The results are shown in FIGS. 11A-11B. In FIG. 11A, at 110 mg/kg dose, 3 GalNac MOE NPS maintained as high as 0.8 log (6 times) better efficacy than 5 GalNac MOE PS, advantage was maintained throughout most of the 21 day study. 5GalNac MOE NPS maintained as high as 0.4 log (2.5 times) better efficacy than 5 GalNac MOE PS, advantage was maintained throughout most of the 21 day study. In FIG. 11B, at 33.3 mg/kg dose, 3 GalNac MOE NPS and 5GalNac MOE NPS performed similarly, both maintained as high as 0.6 log (4 times) better efficacy than 5 GalNac MOE PS, advantages were maintained throughout most of the 21 day study.

TABLE-US-00045 TABLE32 SEQID # Chemistry NO: Sequence(5-3) MW 276 MOEPS 532 5-GalNac6-NH-C6-moeGps(5m) 9105.14 moeCpsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeApsGps GpsTpsGpsApsApsGps(5m)Cps GpsApsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeTpsmoe Gps(5m)moeC-3 280 MOENPS 533 5-GalNAc2-moeGnpsmoeCnpsmoe 8957.00 AnpsmoeGnpsmoeAnpsGpsGpsTps GpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsGpsApsmoe AnpsmoeGnpsmoeUnpsmoeGnpsmoe Cn-3

[0404] The following sequences were tested in the HBV mouse model. The results are shown in FIG. 11A for a dosing regimen of a 10 mg/kg single dose, and FIG. 11B for a dosing regimen of 33.3 mg/kg on Days 0, 2, 4.

TABLE-US-00046 TABLE33 SEQID # Chemistry NO: Sequence(5-3) MW 276 MOEPS 534 5-GalNac6-NH-C6-moeGps(5m)moe 9105.14 CpsmoeApsmoeGpsmoeApsGpsGpsTps GpsApsApsGps(5m)CpsGpsApsmoe ApsmoeGpsmoeTpsmoeGps(5m)moe C-3 281 MOENPS 535 5-moeGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnpsmoeGnps 9053.85 moeAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps(5m) CpsGpsApsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeUnps moeGnpsmoeCnp-C6-NH-GalNAc6-3 282 MOENPS 536 5-GalNAc2-moeGnpsmoeCnpsmoeAnps 8957.00 moeGnpsmoeAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps Gps(5m)CpsGpsApsmoeAnpsmoeGnps moeUnpsmoeGnpsmoeCn-3

[0405] The following sequences were tested in the HBV mouse model. The values in the right column show max HBsAg reduction in LOG dosed at 310 mg/kg Days 0, 2, 4.

TABLE-US-00047 TABLE34 Max HBsAg SEQID reduction # Chemistry NO: Sequence5-3 (nadir) MW 283 DeoxyNPS 537 5-GalNAc-GnpsCnpsAnps 1.1 8312.38 GnpsAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsAps ApsGpsCpsGpsApsAnpsGnps TnpsGnpsCn-3 265 MOENPS 538 5-GalNAc-moeGnpsmoeCnps 3.1 9037.17 moeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeAnpsGps GpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCpsGps ApsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoeUnps moeGnpsmoeCn-3

[0406] The following sequences were tested in the HBV mouse model. The values in the right column show max HBsAg reduction in LOG dosed at 310 mg/kg Days 0, 2, 4.

TABLE-US-00048 TABLE35 Max HBsAg Targeted SEQ reduction HBV ID (nadir) No. Region Chemistry NO: Sequence5-3 inlog MW 283 DR2#1 DeoxyNPS 539 5-GalNAc-GnpsCnpsAnps 1.1 8312.38 GnpsAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsAps ApsGpsCpsGpsApsAnpsGnps TnpsGnpsCn-3 284 DR2#1 OMENPS 540 5-GalNAc-mGnpsmCnpsm 2.1 8598.62 AnpsmGnpsmAnpsGpsGpsTps GpsApsApsGpsCpsGpsApsm AnpsmGnpsmUnpsmGnpsm Cn-3 285 DR2#1 FNPS 541 5-GalNAc-fGnpsfCnpsf 2.5 8478.26 AnpsfGnpsfAnpsGpsGpsTps GpsApsApsGpsCpsGpsApsf AnpsfGnpsfUnpsfGnps- 3nh2-fC-3 286 DR2#1 AraFNPS 542 5-GalNAc-afGnpsafCnps 0.5 8492.29 afAnpsafGnpsafAnpsGps GpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCps GpsApsafAnpsafGnpsaf TnpsafGnpsafCn-3 287 DR2#2 DeoxyNPS 543 5-GalNAc-dTnpsGnpsCnps 1.1 8327.29 AnpsGnpsApsGpsGpsTpsGps ApsApsGpsCpsGpsAnpsAnps GnpsTnps-3nh2-G-3 288 DR2#2 OMENPS 544 5-GalNAc-mUnpsmGnpsm 2.1 8599.60 CnpsmAnpsmGnpsApsGpsGps TpsGpsApsApsGpsCpsGpsm AnpsmAnpsmGnpsmUnpsmG n-3 289 DR2#2 FNPS 545 5-GalNAc-fUnpsfGnpsf 2.4 8479.24 CnpsfAnpsfGnpsApsGpsGps TpsGpsApsApsGpsCpsGpsf AnpsfAnpsfGnpsfUnps- 3nh2-fG-3 290 Pre-PolyA OMENPS 546 5-GalNAc-mGnpsmCnpsm 1.1 8807.84 UnpsmCnpsmCnpsApsApsAps TpsTps5MeCpsTpsTpsTps ApsmUnpsmAnpsmAnpsmGnps mGnpsmGn-3 291 Pre-PolyA MOENPS 547 5-GalNAc-moeGnpsmoe 2.0 9292.42 CnpsmoeUnpsmoeCnpsmoe CnpsApsApsApsTpsTps5Me CpsTpsTpsTpsApsmoeUnps moeAnpsmoeAnpsmoeGnps moeGnpsmoeGn-3

[0407] The following oligomers having MOE/NPS and MOE/PS substitution were tested using (1) a HepG2.2.15 HBsAg reduction potency comparison, (2) a HepG2.117 HBV DNA reduction potency comparison, (3) a Primary Human Hepatocyte (PHH) HBsAg reduction potency comparison, (4) a Primary Human Hepatocyte (PHH) HBeAg reduction potency comparison.

TABLE-US-00049 TABLE36 1 2 3 4 2215 2117 PHH PHH HBsAg HBVDNA HBsAg HBeAg SEQID EC50 EC50 EC50 EC50 No. NO: Sequence(5-3) (nM) (nM) (nM) (nM) MW 292 548 5-moeGps(5m)moe 5.1 11.4 16.2 20.1 7344.19 CpsmoeApsmoeGps moeApsGpsGpsTps GpsApsApsGps(5m) CpsGpsApsmoeAps moeGpsmoeTpsmoe Gps(5m)moeC-3 293 549 5-moeGnpsmoeCnps 0.43 1.9 1.7 2.5 7292.26 moeAnpsmoeGnpsmoe AnpsGpsGpsTpsGps ApsApsGps(5m)Cps GpsApsmoeAnpsmoe GnpsmoeUnpsmoe GnpsmoeCn-3

TABLE-US-00050 TABLE37 SEQ ID No. Chemistry MW NO: Sequence 294 FNPS 85307.3 550 5-fGnps(5m)fCnpsfAnps withOPO fGnpsfAnpsGpsGpsTpsGps linkto ApsApsGpsCpsGpsApsfAnps 3GalNac fGnpsfTnpsfGnpsfC-C6- NH-GalNac6-3 295 FNPS 8492.29 551 5-fGnpsfCnpsfAnpsfGnps withNPO fAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps linkto Gps(5m)CpsGpsApsfAnpsf 3GalNac GnpsfUnpsfGnpsfCnp-C6- NH-GalNAc6-3

[0408] As shown in FIG. 12A, at 110 mg/kg, F NPS with OPO linkage to 3GalNac significantly outperformed F NPS with NPO linkage, as high as 1.2 log (16 times) better at certain time points.

TABLE-US-00051 TABLE38 SEQ ID No. Chemistry MW NO: Sequence 296 OME 8614.39 552 5-mGnpsmCnpsm NPSwith AnpsmGnpsmAnps NPO GpsGpsTpsGps linkage ApsApsGps(5m) to CpsGpsApsmAnps 3GalNac mGnpsmUnpsmGnps mCnp-C6-NH- GalNAc6-3 297 OMENPS 8614.43 553 5-mGnpsmCnpsm withOPO AnpsmGnpsmAnps linkage GpsGpsTpsGpsAps to ApsGps(5m)CpsGps 3GalNac ApsmAnpsmGnpsm UnpsmGnpsmC-C6- NH-GalNAc6-3

[0409] As shown in FIG. 12B, at 110 mg/kg, OME NPS with OPO linkage to 3GalNac significantly outperformed OME NPS with NPO linkage, as high as 0.7 log (5 times) better at certain time points.

TABLE-US-00052 TABLE39 SEQ ID No. Chemistry MW NO: Sequence 298 MOENPS 9053.85 554 5-moeGnpsmoeCnpsmoe withNPO AnpsmoeGnpsmoeAnps linkage GpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps to Gps(5m)CpsGpsApsmoe 3GalNac AnpsmoeGnpsmoeUnps moeGnpsmoeCnp-C6-NH- GalNAc6-3 299 MOENPS 9069.62 555 5-moeGnpsmoeCnps withOPO moeAnpsmoeGnpsmoe linkage AnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsAps to ApsGps(5m)CpsGpsAps 3GalNac moeAnpsmoeGnpsmoe UnpsmoeGnps(5m)moe C-C6-NH-GalNAc6-3

TABLE-US-00053 TABLE40 SEQ ID No. Chemistry MW NO: Sequence 300 5GalNac 8955.48 556 5-GalNAc2-moeGnpsmoe MOENPS CnpsmoeAnpsmoeGnps moeAnpsGpsGpsTpsGps ApsApsGps(5m)CpsGps ApsmoeAnpsmoeGnpsmoe UnpsmoeGnpsmoeCn-3 301 5GalNac 8697.6 557 5-GalNAc2-etoGnpseto OEtNPS (5m)CnpsetoAnpsetoGnps etoAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsAps ApsGps(5m)CpsGpsApseto AnpsetoGnpsetoTnpseto Gnpseto(5m)Cn-3

[0410] As shown in FIG. 12C, at 110 mg/kg, OEt NPS is as efficacious as MOE NPS.

TABLE-US-00054 TABLE41 2215 2215 SEQ HBsAg HBsAg ID Sequence EC50 CC50 No. NO: 5-3 Modification MW (uM) (uM) 302 558 5-mGnpsmCnps2-4-OCH.sub.2 Anti-DR-1 6835.3 0.0008 0.0148 AnpsmGnpsmAnpsGpsGps withx2 TpsGpsApsApsGpsCps 3-NH-LNA-A GpsAps2-4-OCH.sub.2Anpsm GnpsmUnpsmGnps3- NH.sub.2mC-3 303 559 5-mGnpsmCnps2-4-OCH.sub.2 Anti-DR-1 6862.0 0.00067 0.0256 CH.sub.2AnpsmGnpsmAnpsGps withx2 GpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCps 3-NH-ENA-A GpsAps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2Anps mGnpsmUnpsmGnps3- NH.sub.2mC-3 304 560 5-mGnpsmCnps2-4-OCH.sub.2 Anti-DR-1 6874.7 0.0009 0.0214 CH.sub.2AnpsmGnps2-4OCH.sub.2 withx3 CH.sub.2AnpsGpsGpsTpsGps 3-NH-ENA-A ApsApsGpsCpsGpsAps2- 4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2AnpsmGnpsm UnpsmGnps3-NH.sub.2mC-3 305 561 5-mGnpsmCnpsmAnpsm Anti-DR-1 6863.3 0.00029 0.0226 Gnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2Anps withx2 GpsGpsTpsGpsApsAps 3-NH-ENA-A GpsCpsGpsAps2-4-OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2AnpsmGnpsmUnpsm Gnps3-NH.sub.2mC-3 306 562 5-mGnpsmCnpsmUnpsm PrePolyA 7116.0 0.0005 >1.00 CnpsmCnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2 withx2 AnpsApsApsTpsTpsCps 3-NH-ENA-A TpsTpsTpsmAnpsmUnps mAnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2Anps mGnpsmGnps3-NH.sub.2mG-3 307 563 5-mGnpsmCnpsmUnpsm PrePolyA 7128.6 0.00055 >1.00 CnpsmCnps2-4-OCH.sub.2 withx3 CH.sub.2AnpsApsApsTpsTps 3-NH-ENA-A CpsTpsTpsTps2-4-OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2AnpsmUnpsmAnps2- 4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2AnpsmGnpsm Gnps3-NH.sub.2mG-3 308 564 5-mGnpsmCnpsmUnpsm PrePolyA 7127.9 0.0006 >1.00 CnpsmCnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2 withx3 AnpsApsApsTpsTpsCps 3-NH-ENA-A TpsTpsTps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2 AnpsmUnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2 AnpsmAnpsmGnpsmGnps 3-NH.sub.2mG-3

TABLE-US-00055 TABLE42 2215 2215 SEQ HBsAg HBsAg ID EC50 CC50 No. NO: Modification (uM) (uM) XX 565 Oligonucleotides(5-3) Control 5-mGnpsmCnpsmAnpsmGnpsmAnpsGps GpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCpsGpsApsm AnpsmGnpsmUnpsmGnps3-NH.sub.2mC-3 309 566 5-2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2GnpsmCnpsmAnpsm DR-1with 0.0013 0.0553 GnpsmAnpsGpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGps 3-NH-ENA-G CpsGpsApsmAnpsmGnpsmUnps2- (1+1) 4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2Gnps3-NH.sub.2mC-3 310 567 5-2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2GnpsmCnpsmAnps2- DR-1with 0.0006 0.0230 4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2GnpsmAnpsGpsGpsTpsGps 3-NH-ENA-G ApsApsGpsCpsGpsApsmAnps2-4OCH.sub.2 2+2 CH.sub.2GnpsmUnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2Gnps3- 3-NH-ENA-G NH.sub.2mC-3 311 568 5-2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2GnpsmCnps2-4-OCH.sub.2 DR-1with 0.00078 0.0305 CH.sub.2AnpsmGnpsmAnpsGpsGpsTpsGps 3-ENA-G& ApsApsGpsCpsGpsApsmAnpsmGnps 3-ENAA mUnpsmGnps3-NH.sub.2mC-3 (1+1) Asymmetric 312 569 5-2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2GnpsmCnpsmUnps PrePolyA 0.0015 >1.00 mCnpsmCnp52-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2AnpsAps with ApsTpsTpsCpsTpsTpsTpsmAnps 1+1/1+1 mUnpsmAnps2-4-OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2Anps 3-NH-ENA- mGnpsm2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2Gnps3-NH.sub.2mG-3 G+A 313 570 5-2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2GnpsmCnpsmUnps PrePolyA 0.0017 >1.00 mCnpsmCnpsmAnpsApsApsTpsTps with CpsTpsTpsTpsmAnpsmUnpsmAnps 3-NH-ENA-G mAnpsmGnpsm2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2Gnps3- 1+1 NH.sub.2mG-3

TABLE-US-00056 TABLE43 2215 2215 SEQ HBsAg HBsAg Found ID HPLC EC50 CC50 No. MW NO: Oligonucleotides(5-3) Modification Purity (uM) (uM) 314 68388 571 5-mGnpsmCnpsmAnpsmGnpsmAnps Control 86% GpsGpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCpsGps ApsmAnpsmGnpsmUnpsmGnps3- NH.sub.2mC-3 315 6902.9 572 5-mGnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2(5mc)Cnps DR-1 83% 0.0033 >1.00 mAnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2GnpsmAnpsGps 2+1 GpsTpsGpsApsApsGpsCpsGpsAps mAnpsmGnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2Tnpsm Gnps3-NHzmC-3 316 69148 573 5-2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2GnpsmCnps2-4OCH.sub.2 DR-1 94% 0.0043 >1.00 CH.sub.2AnpsmGnpsmAnpsGpsGpsTps 2+2 0.0025 GpsApsApsGpsCpsGpsApsmAnpsm Gnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2TnpsmGnps2- OCH.sub.2CH.sub.23-NH.sub.2(5me)C-3 317 71690 574 5-2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2GnpsmCnps2-4OCH.sub.2 PrePolyA 84% 0.0025 >1.00 CH.sub.2TnpsmCnpsmCnpsmAnpsAps 2+2 ApsTpsTpsCpsT;psTpsTpsmAnps 2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2TnpsmAnpsmAnpsm Gnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2Gnps3-NH.sub.2mG-3 318 71822 575 5-mGnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2(5me)Cnps PrePolyA 95% 0.0051 >1.00 mUnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2(5me)Cnpsm 2+2 CnpsmAnpsApsApsTpsTpsCpsTps TpsTpsmAnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2Tnpsm AnpsmAnps2-4OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2Gnpsm Gnps3-NH.sub.2mG-3

[0411] In some embodiments, the oligonucleotide of the present disclosure also include an oligonucleotide that is selected from the nucleobase sequence listed in Tables 1-43, independent of the modifications of the sequences listed in Tables 1-43. Oligonucleotides of the present disclosure also include an oligonucleotide comprising a sequence that is at least 90% identical to a nucleobase sequence selected from the sequences listed in Tables 1-43, independent of the modifications of the sequences listed in Tables 1-43. In some embodiments, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 nucleobases are different from the sequences listed in Tables 1-43, independent of the modifications of the sequences listed in Tables 1-43.

[0412] In some embodiments, the oligonucleotides of the present disclosure also include an oligonucleotide that is selected from the nucleotide sequences listed in Tables 1-43, independent of the nucleobases of the sequences listed in Tables 1-43. Oligonucleotides of the present disclosure also include an oligonucleotide comprising a sequence that is at least 90% identical to a nucleotide sequence selected from the sequences listed in Tables 1-43, independent of the nucleobases of the sequences listed in Tables 1-43. In some embodiments, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 nucleobases are different from the sequences listed in Tables 1-43, independent of the modifications of the sequences listed in Tables 1-43.