Magnesium alloy having excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance and method for manufacturing the same
10947609 ยท 2021-03-16
Assignee
Inventors
- Chang-Dong YiM (Seoul, KR)
- Bong-Sun You (Changwon-si, KR)
- Ha-Sik Kim (Changwon-si, KR)
- Young-Min Kim (Daejeon, KR)
- Byoung-Gi Moon (Changwon-si, KR)
- Jun-Ho Bae (Gimhae-si, KR)
Cpc classification
C22C23/04
CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
C22C23/06
CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
International classification
C22C23/06
CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
C22C23/04
CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
C22C23/02
CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
Abstract
The present invention is to provide a magnesium alloy comprising 0.001 parts by weight to 1.0 parts by weight of scandium and the balance of magnesium and unavoidable impurities, based on 100 parts by weight of a magnesium alloy, wherein the magnesium alloy has increased Fe solubility and reduced corrosion while providing excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, and a method for producing the same. The magnesium alloy of the present invention can improve the corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy by using scandium which can simultaneously prevent from microgalvanic corrosion between a substrate and impurities without deteriorating mechanical properties and improve the passivation property of the coating formed on the surface.
Claims
1. A magnesium alloy comprising, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the magnesium alloy: 0.001 parts by weight to 1.0 parts by weight of scandium; 0.001 to 0.007 parts by weight of iron; 0.001 to 0.002 parts by weight of silicon; 0.005 to 0.015 parts by weight of calcium; 0.003 to 0.012 parts by weight of manganese; and the balance of magnesium and unavoidable impurities, wherein Fe solubility is increased and corrosion is reduced while mechanical properties and corrosion resistance are maintained.
2. The magnesium alloy of claim 1, wherein the scandium is included in a range of 0.05 parts by weight to 0.5 parts by weight.
3. The magnesium alloy of claim 1, wherein the magnesium alloy has a corrosion rate of 0.5 mm/y or less when immersed in 3.5 wt % salt water for 72 hours.
4. The magnesium alloy of claim 1, wherein the magnesium alloy has a yield strength of 80 to 120 MPa, a tensile strength of 160 to 180 MPa, and an elongation of 6 to 13%.
5. The magnesium alloy of claim 1, further comprising 0.5 to 7.0 parts by weight of zinc with respect to 100 parts by weight of the magnesium alloy.
6. The magnesium alloy of claim 5, wherein the magnesium alloy has a yield strength of 120 to 190 MPa, a tensile strength of 210 to 310 MPa, and an elongation of 20 to 30%.
7. The magnesium alloy of claim 1, further comprising 2.5 to 10 parts by weight of tin with respect to 100 parts by weight of the magnesium alloy.
8. The magnesium alloy of claim 7, wherein the magnesium alloy has a yield strength of 130 to 280 MPa, a tensile strength of 210 to 310 MPa, and an elongation of 5 to 17%.
9. The magnesium alloy of claim 1, further comprising 2 to 10 parts by weight of aluminum with respect to 100 parts by weight of the magnesium alloy.
10. The magnesium alloy of claim 9, wherein the magnesium alloy has a yield strength of 130 to 200 MPa, a tensile strength of 230 to 320 MPa, and an elongation of 10 to 25%.
11. A method for producing the magnesium alloy of claim 1, the method comprising: casting an alloy, wherein the alloy comprises, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the alloy: 0.001 parts by weight to 1.0 parts by weight of scandium; 0.001 to 0.007 parts by weight of iron; 0.001 to 0.002 parts by weight of silicon; 0.005 to 0.015 parts by weight of calcium; 0.003 to 0.012 parts by weight of manganese; and the balance of magnesium and unavoidable impurities; homogenizing the cast alloy; and extruding the homogenized magnesium alloy after pre-heating.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
(1) Hereinafter, the following description will be described with reference to embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
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(16) Throughout the drawings and the detailed description, the same reference numerals refer to the same elements. The drawings may not be to scale, and the relative size, proportions, and depiction of elements in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity, illustration, and convenience.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
(17) While the present disclosure has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be appreciated that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. Throughout the description of the present disclosure, when describing a certain technology is determined to evade the point of the present disclosure, the pertinent detailed description will be omitted.
(18) While such terms as first and second, etc., may be used to describe various components, such components must not be limited to the above terms. The above terms are used only to distinguish one component from another.
(19) The terms used in the description are intended to describe certain embodiments only, and shall by no means restrict the present disclosure. Unless clearly used otherwise, expressions in the singular number include a plural meaning. In the present description, an expression such as comprising or consisting of is intended to designate a characteristic, a number, a step, an operation, an element, a part or combinations thereof, and shall not be construed to preclude any presence or possibility of one or more other characteristics, numbers, steps, operations, elements, parts or combinations thereof.
(20) The magnesium alloy having excellent corrosion resistance and the method for producing the same according to certain embodiments of the disclosure will be described below in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which those components are rendered the same reference number that are the same or are in correspondence, regardless of the figure number, and redundant explanations are omitted.
(21) According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a magnesium alloy with excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance comprising 0.001 parts by weight to 1.0 parts by weight of scandium and the balance of magnesium and unavoidable impurities, wherein the magnesium alloy has increased Fe solubility and reduced corrosion.
(22) In general, to improve the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys, methods of controlling the content of impurities or increasing the corrosion potential of the magnesium base are applied. Also, a method of continuously producing a second phase in a network form, which can serve as an obstacle to corrosion by controlling the alloy producing process, is also applied. However, these methods fail to effectively control microgalvanic corrosion between the matrix and impurities, as well as the degradation of mechanical properties.
(23) The present invention relates to a technique to add scandium (Sc) to magnesium alloy which is able to exhibit a dual effect of preventing from microgalvanic corrosion between a matrix and an impurity without deteriorating mechanical properties and simultaneously improving the passivation properties of the coating formed on the surface.
(24) That is, the present invention does not decrease the content of impurities existing in magnesium and the magnesium alloy by a physical or chemical method, but changes the electrochemical characteristics of impurities through addition of trace elements, and at the same time, improves corrosion resistance by improving the passivation properties of a coating.
(25)
(26) As shown in
(27) According to the present invention, it is possible to achieve better corrosion resistance of 40% and higher than that of commercially available magnesium having a purity level of 99.9% on a commercial grade basis, and of 20% or higher than that of a high purity material (99.99% based on pure Mg, 100 times more economical of manufacturing cost compared with a commercial material.
(28) According to an embodiment of the present invention, the scandium may be included in an amount of 0.001 parts by weight to 1.0 parts by weight, 0.05 to 0.25 parts by weight, 0.001 to 0.1 parts by weight, 0.05 to 0.5 parts by weight, or 0.05 to 0.1 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the magnesium alloy. However, it is not limited thereto. More preferably, the scandium may be included in an amount of 0.05 to 0.5 parts by weight. When the amount of scandium is less than 0.001, the amount of scandium is too small to obtain the effect of improving the corrosion resistance. On the other hand, when the amount of scandium is more than 1.0, the corrosion may be increased.
(29) According to an embodiment of the present invention, when immersed in 3.5 wt % brine for 72 hours, the corrosion rate may be 0.5 mm/y or less.
(30) According to an embodiment of the present invention, a yield strength may be 80 to 120 MPa, a tensile strength may be 160 to 180 MPa, and an elongation may be 6 to 13%.
(31)
(32) According to an embodiment of the present invention, the magnesium alloy may further include 0.001 to 0.007 parts by weight of iron; 0.001 to 0.002 parts by weight of silicon; 0.005 to 0.015 parts by weight of calcium; and 0.003 to 0.012 parts by weight of manganese with respect to 100 parts by weight of the magnesium alloy.
(33) The magnesium alloy may include impurities, which are inevitably incorporated in raw materials of the alloy or in the producing process, and may include 0.001 to 0.007 parts by weight of iron and 0.001 to 0.002 parts by weight of silicon with respect to 100 parts by weight of the magnesium alloy.
(34) Calcium contained in the magnesium alloy contributes to enhancement of the strength of the alloy due to precipitation strengthening and solid solution strengthening effects. If the calcium content is less than 0.005, the precipitation strengthening effect may be insufficient. On the other hand, if the magnesium content exceeds 0.015, calcium fraction is too high, so that the galvanic corrosion may be promoted.
(35) The manganese contained in the magnesium alloy contributes to the improvement of the strength of the alloy due to solid solution strengthening effect and improves the corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy by forming a compound containing manganese and impurities in the alloy. When the content of manganese is less than 0.003 parts by weight, the effect is negligible. On the other hand, when the content of manganese exceeds 0.012 parts by weight, the fraction of manganese is too high, so that the galvanic corrosion may be promoted.
(36) According to an embodiment of the present invention, the magnesium alloy may further include 0.5 to 7.0 parts by weight of zinc with respect to 100 parts by weight of the magnesium alloy.
(37) According to an embodiment of the present invention, the scandium may be included in an amount of 0.001 to 0.5 parts by weight, 0.05 to 0.25 parts by weight, 0.05 to 0.1 parts by weight, 0.001 to 0.25 parts by weight, 0.001 to 0.1 parts by weight or 0.01 to 0.5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of magnesium in a magnesium-zinc alloy. However, it is not limited thereto. More preferably, the scandium may be included in an amount of 0.05 to 0.25 parts by weight parts by weight. When the content of scandium is less than 0.001, the content of scandium is too small to obtain the effect of improving the corrosion resistance. On the other hand, when the content of scandium is more than 0.5, the corrosion may be increased.
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(39)
(40) According to
(41) According to an embodiment of the present invention, a yield strength may be 120 to 190 MPa, a tensile strength may be 210 to 310 MPa, and an elongation may be 20 to 30%.
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(43) According to
(44) Therefore, the magnesium alloy of the present invention can simultaneously improve the mechanical properties and the corrosion resistance.
(45) According to an embodiment of the present invention, the magnesium alloy may further include 2.5 to 10 parts by weight of tin with respect to 100 parts by weight of the magnesium alloy.
(46) According to an embodiment of the present invention, the scandium may be included in an amount of 0.001 to 0.5 parts by weight, 0.05 to 0.25 parts by weight, 0.05 to 0.1 parts by weight, 0.001 to 0.1 parts by weight, 0.001 to 0.25 parts by weight, or 0.01 to 0.5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of magnesium in a magnesium-tin alloy. However, it is not limited thereto. More preferably, the scandium may be included in an amount of 0.05 to 0.1 parts by weight. When the amount of scandium is less than 0.001, the amount of scandium is too small to obtain the effect of improving the corrosion resistance. On the other hand, when the amount of scandium is more than 0.5, the corrosion may be increased.
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(48)
(49) According to
(50) According to an embodiment of the present invention, a yield strength may be 130 to 280 MPa, a tensile strength may be 210 to 310 MPa, and an elongation may be 5 to 17%.
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(52) According to
(53) According to an embodiment of the present invention, the magnesium alloy may further include 2 to 10 parts by weight of aluminum with respect to 100 parts by weight of the magnesium alloy.
(54) According to an embodiment of the present invention, the scandium may be included in an amount of 0.001 to 1.0 parts by weight, 0.05 to 1.0 parts by weight, 0.001 to 0.5 parts by weight, or 0.01 to 1.0 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of magnesium in a magnesium-aluminum alloy. However, it is not limited thereto. More preferably, the scandium may be included in an amount of 0.05 to 1.0 parts by weight. When the amount of scandium is less than 0.001, the amount of scandium is too small to obtain the effect of improving the corrosion resistance. On the other hand, when the amount of scandium is more than 1.0, the corrosion may be increased.
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(56)
(57) According to
(58) According to an embodiment of the present invention, the yield strength may be 130 to 200 MPa, the tensile strength may be 230 to 320 MPa, and the elongation may be 10 to 25%.
(59)
(60) According to
(61)
(62) The Fe solubility of the present invention means the amount of the iron component that can be dissolved in the magnesium metal.
(63) Heavy metal elements such as iron are impurities that reduce the corrosion resistance of magnesium and thus, its content is severely limited. Accordingly, the present invention provides a magnesium alloy having a high corrosion resistance and a high mechanical strength by increasing the Fe solubility in the magnesium.
(64) According to
(65) According to an embodiment of the present invention, the alloy containing scandium may be selected from MgZnAl, MgZnSn, MgAlSn, and MgZnAlSn.
(66) The magnesium alloy including scandium may have a relatively higher Fe solubility, regardless of the content and the type of one or more chosen from zinc, tin, and aluminum, compared with that without scandium.
(67) According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a magnesium alloy with excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, the method comprising: casting a magnesium alloy comprising 0.001 parts by weight to 1.0 parts by weight of scandium and the balance of magnesium and unavoidable impurities with respect to 100 parts by weight of the magnesium alloy; homogenizing the cast magnesium alloy; and extruding the homogenized magnesium alloy after pre-heating, wherein Fe solubility is increased and corrosion is reduced.
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(69) According to an embodiment of the present invention, the casting may be performed at a temperature of 650 to 800 C. However, it is not limited thereto. If the casting temperature is less than 650 C. or exceeds 800 C., casting may not be properly performed.
(70) The casting, homogenizing and extruding steps can be accomplished by well-known techniques. For example, sand casting, sheet casting, die casting or a combination thereof may be performed. Detailed methods are described in the following examples.
(71) Hereinafter, although more detailed descriptions will be given by examples, those are only for explanation and there is no intention to limit the disclosure.
EXAMPLES AND COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES
Preparation of a Magnesium Alloy 1
(72) In order to prepare a magnesium alloy according to the present invention, Sc was added to pure Mg (99.9%), and Sc was added in the form of a Mg-2Sc master alloy. Here, the Mg-2Sc master alloy was added to pure Mg to be the Sc content of 0.001, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 wt %.
(73) The billet was cast in the form of a circular cylinder at 700 C. and homogenized at 500 C. for 24 hours.
(74) After preheating at 350 C. for 3 hours, extrusion was performed to produce a plate-shaped extruded material having a thickness of 6 mm and a width of 28 mm.
(75) An AZ61 alloy as a commercially available magnesium alloy was prepared to use for Comparative Example.
(76) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 [wt %] Sc Fe Si Ca Mn Mg Comparative Mg 0.002 0.019 0.006 0.010 Bal. Example 1 Example 1 Mg0.001Sc 0.001 0.005 0.001 0.007 0.005 Bal. Example 2 Mg0.01Sc 0.001 0.005 0.001 0.007 0.005 Bal. Example 3 Mg0.1Sc 0.050 0.001 0.010 0.013 0.007 Bal. Example 4 Mg0.25Sc 0.160 0.001 0.010 0.010 0.007 Bal. Example 5 Mg0.5Sc 0.300 0.001 0.011 0.008 0.007 Bal. Example 6 Mg1.0Sc 0.670 0.003 0.011 0.008 0.009 Bal.
(77) The prepared billets were homogenized at 500 C. for 24 hours and then machined into a cylindrical cylinder shaped billet having a diameter of 78 mm and a length of 140 to 160 mm. The thus processed billets were preheated at 350 C. for 3 hours and then extruded at a ram speed of 1.0 mm/s to provide a plate-shaped extruded material having a thickness of 6 mm and a width of 28 mm.
(78) Preparation of a Magnesium-Zinc Alloy
(79) In order to prepare a magnesium-zinc alloy according to the present invention, Zn and Sc were added to pure Mg (99.9%), Zn was added in the form of a pure Zn pellet having a purity of 99.9%, and Sc was added in the form of a Mg-2Sc master alloy. Here, pure Zn was added to pure Mg to be the content of Zn of 1, 2, 4 and 6 wt %, and the Mg-2Sc alloy was added to be the content of Sc of 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1.0 wt %.
(80) The composition of the magnesium-zinc alloy is shown in Table 2 below.
(81) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 [wt %] Zn Sc Fe Si Ca Mg Comparative Mg1Zn 1.02 0.003 0.007 bal. Example 2 Example 7 Mg1Zn0.001Sc 0.96 0.001 0.017 0.009 bal. Example 8 Mg1Zn0.01Sc 1.02 0.007 0.003 0.009 bal. Example 9 Mg1Zn0.1Sc 1.01 0.102 0.018 0.007 bal. Example 10 Mg1Zn1.0Sc 0.98 0.868 0.025 0.012 bal. Comparative Mg2Zn 1.82 0.004 0.007 bal. Example 3 Example 11 Mg2Zn0.001Sc 1.86 0.007 0.019 bal. Example 12 Mg2Zn0.01Sc 2.00 0.007 0.010 0.007 bal. Example 13 Mg2Zn0.1Sc 2.12 0.084 0.063 0.007 bal. Example 14 Mg2Zn1.0Sc 2.01 0.844 0.138 0.076 bal. Comparative Mg4Zn 3.65 0.008 0.009 0.005 bal. Example 4 Example 15 Mg4Zn0.001Sc 4.10 0.004 0.021 0.003 bal. Example 16 Mg4Zn0.01Sc 4.03 0.006 0.003 0.003 bal. Example 17 Mg4Zn0.1Sc 4.02 0.089 0.005 0.012 0.010 bal. Example 18 Mg4Zn1.0Sc 4.13 0.79 0.003 0.036 0.004 bal. Comparative Mg6Zn 5.59 0.009 0.008 0.004 bal. Example 5 Example 19 Mg6Zn0.001Sc 5.58 0.001 0.001 0.042 0.004 bal. Example 20 Mg6Zn0.01Sc 6.23 0.006 0.004 0.081 0.007 bal. Example 21 Mg6Zn0.1Sc 6.36 0.089 0.004 0.053 0.008 bal. Example 22 Mg6Zn1.0Sc 6.29 0.80 0.009 0.085 0.007 bal.
(82) The result material was charged into a carbon crucible and heated and melted to 700 C. or higher using an induction melting furnace. The molten metal was gradually cooled to 700 C. and injected at this temperature into a mold having a circular cylinder shape which is preheated to 200 C. to provide billet.
(83) The thus-prepared billet was homogenized at 400 C. for 24 hours and then machined into a cylindrical cylinder-shaped billet having a diameter of 78 mm and a length of 140 to 160 mm. The thus processed billet was preheated at 300 C. for 3 hours and then extruded at a ram speed of 1.0 mm/s to provide a plate-shaped extruded material having a thickness of 6 mm and a width of 28 mm.
(84) Preparation of a Magnesium-Tin Alloy
(85) In order to prepare a magnesium-tin alloy according to the present invention, Sn and Sc were added to pure Mg (99.9%) and Sn was added in the form of a pure Sn pellet having a purity of 99.9%. Sc in the form of a Mg-2Sc master alloy was added. Here, Sn was added to pure Mg to be 3, 5, 6 and 8 wt % of Sn, and the Mg-2Sc master alloy was added to be the Sc content of 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1.0 wt %.
(86) The composition of the magnesium-tin alloy is shown in Table 3 below.
(87) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 [wt %] Sn Sc Fe Si Ca Mg Comparative Mg3Sn 2.84 0.007 0.13 0.014 bal. Example 6 Example 23 Mg3Sn0.001Sc 2.84 0.002 0.02 0.005 bal. Example 24 Mg3Sn0.01Sc 2.76 0.007 0.001 0.02 0.006 bal. Example 25 Mg3Sn0.1Sc 2.80 0.08 0.002 0.02 0.007 bal. Example 26 Mg3Sn1.0Sc 2.86 0.62 0.002 0.008 0.008 bal. Comparative Mg5Sn 4.68 0.003 0.03 0.005 bal. Example 7 Example 27 Mg5Sn0.001Sc 4.87 0.001 0.02 0.005 bal. Example 28 Mg5Sn0.01Sc 4.73 0.006 0.002 0.012 0.006 bal. Example 29 Mg5Sn0.1Sc 4.80 0.09 0.002 0.010 0.006 bal. Example 30 Mg5Sn1.0Sc 4.93 0.58 0.002 0.011 0.008 bal. Comparative Mg6Sn 5.48 0.002 0.02 0.006 bal. Example 8 Example 31 Mg6Sn0.001Sc 5.77 0.001 0.003 0.02 0.006 bal. Example 32 Mg6Sn0.01Sc 5.70 0.009 0.001 0.005 0.007 bal. Example 33 Mg6Sn0.1Sc 5.82 0.09 0.003 0.008 0.008 bal. Example 34 Mg6Sn1.0Sc 4.01 0.25 0.002 0.001 0.006 bal. Comparative Mg8Sn 7.59 0.001 0.04 0.005 bal. Example 9 Example 35 Mg8Sn0.001Sc 7.77 0.001 0.002 0.05 0.006 bal. Example 36 Mg8Sn0.01Sc 7.84 0.001 0.02 0.007 bal. Example 37 MgSSn0.1Sc 7.93 0.09 0.002 0.011 0.007 bal. Example 38 Mg8Sn1.0Sc 6.97 0.69 0.037 0.003 0.004 bal.
(88) The result material was charged into a carbon crucible and heated and melted to 700 C. or higher using an induction melting furnace. The molten metal was gradually cooled to 700 C. and injected at this temperature into a mold having a circular cylinder shape which is preheated to 200 C. to provide billet.
(89) The thus-prepared billet was homogenized at 500 C. for 24 hours and then machined into a cylindrical cylinder-shaped billet having a diameter of 78 mm and a length of 140 to 160 mm. The thus processed billet was preheated at 300 C. for 3 hours and then extruded at a ram speed of 1.0 mm/s to provide a plate-shaped extruded material having a thickness of 6 mm and a width of 28 mm.
(90) Preparation of a Magnesium-Aluminum Alloy
(91) In order to prepare a magnesium-aluminum alloy according to the present invention, Al and Sc were added to pure Mg (99.9%), Al was added in the form of a pure Al pellet having a purity of 99.9%, and Sc was added in the form of a Mg-2Sc master alloy. Here, pure Al was added to pure Mg to be the content of Al of 3, 6, and 9 wt %, and the Mg-2Sc alloy was added to be the content of Sc of 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1.0 wt %.
(92) The composition of the magnesium-aluminum alloy is shown in Table 4 below.
(93) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 [wt %] Al Sc Fe Si Ca Mg Comparative Mg3Al 2.91 0.10 0.007 bal. Example 10 Example 39 Mg3Al0.001Sc 2.86 0.001 0.05 0.007 bal. Example 40 Mg3Al0.01Sc 2.88 0.007 0.002 0.05 0.016 bal. Example 41 Mg3Al0.1Sc 2.73 0.099 0.003 0.02 0.054 bal. Example 42 Mg3Al1.0Sc 2.36 0.24 0.007 0.05 0.044 bal. Comparative Mg6Al 5.85 0.005 0.01 0.002 bal. Example 11 Example 43 Mg6Al0.001Sc 5.55 0.001 0.003 0.004 bal. Example 44 Mg6Al0.01Sc 5.81 0.01 0.007 0.009 0.003 bal. Example 45 Mg6Al0.1Sc 5.91 0.07 0.003 0.004 0.004 bal. Example 46 Mg6Al1.0Sc 5.72 0.17 0.009 0.014 bal. Comparative Mg9Al 8.40 0.007 0.04 0.036 bal. Example 12 Example 47 Mg9Al0.001Sc 8.84 0.001 0.015 0.05 0.008 bal. Example 48 Mg9Al0.01Sc 8.64 0.009 0.002 0.02 0.018 bal. Example 49 Mg9Al0.1Sc 8.78 0.086 0.001 0.009 bal. Example 50 Mg9Al1.0Sc 8.90 0.64 0.017 bal.
(94) The result material was charged into a carbon crucible and heated and melted to 700 C. or higher using an induction melting furnace. The molten metal was gradually cooled to 700 C. and injected at this temperature into a mold having a circular cylinder shape which is preheated to 200 C. to provide billet.
(95) The thus-prepared billet was homogenized at 400 C. for 24 hours and then machined into a cylindrical cylinder-shaped billet having a diameter of 78 mm and a length of 140 to 160 mm. The thus processed billet was preheated at 300 C. for 3 hours and then extruded at a ram speed of 1.0 mm/s to provide a plate-shaped extruded material having a thickness of 6 mm and a width of 28 mm.
Experimental Example 1: Corrosion Resistance Test
(96) To evaluate the corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy produced according to the present invention, an immersion test was carried out as follows.
(97) A test piece was immersed in a 3.5 wt % NaCl solution (25 C.) for 72 hours, and the weight change between before and after the immersion was measured and converted into a corrosion rate.
(98) The corrosion rate was calculated using the following equation.
Corrosion Rate=(K*W)/(A*T*D)
(99) K=Constant
(100) T=Exposure Time (h)
(101) A=Range (cm.sup.2)
(102) W=Loss Mass (g)
(103) D=Density (g/cm.sup.3)
(104) Experimental Result
(105) (1) Immersion Test
(106) Pure magnesium has a corrosion rate of 18 mm/y, while magnesium (Mg-0.001Sc) containing 0.001 wt % of scandium has a corrosion rate of 2 mm/y, magnesium (Mg-0.01Sc) containing 0.01 wt % of scandium has a corrosion rate of 1.7 mm/y, magnesium (Mg-0.05Sc) containing 0.05 wt % of scandium has a corrosion rate of 0.25 mm/y, magnesium (Mg-0.1Sc) containing 0.1 wt % of scandium has a corrosion rate of 0.1 mm/y, magnesium (Mg-0.25Sc) containing 0.25 wt % of scandium has a corrosion rate of 0.25 mm/y, magnesium (Mg-0.5Sc) containing 0.5 wt % of scandium has a corrosion rate of 0.5 mm/y, and magnesium (Mg-1.0Sc) containing 1.0 wt % of scandium has a corrosion rate of 0.5 mm/y. AZ61 was 0.8 mm/y (see
(107) Compared with pure magnesium, the corrosion resistance was remarkably improved. Especially magnesium containing 0.05 to 1.0 wt % of scandium showed better corrosion resistance than the conventional AZ61.
(108) The corrosion rate of a magnesium-zinc alloy containing 1 part by weight, 2 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight and 6 parts by weight of Zc was analyzed. When 0.001, 0.01 and 0.1 parts by weight of scandium was included regardless of zinc content, the corrosion rate was 8.75 mm/y or less, which was lower than the corrosion rate of the magnesium-zinc alloy (see
(109) The corrosion rate of a magnesium-tin alloy including 3 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight and 8 parts by weight of tin was analyzed. When 0.001, 0.01 and 0.1 parts by weight of scandium was included, the corrosion rate was 7.20 mm/y or less, regardless of the tin content, which was remarkably lower than the corrosion rate of the magnesium-tin alloy (see
(110) The corrosion rate of magnesium-aluminum alloy containing 3 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight and 9 parts by weight of aluminum was analyzed. When 0.001, 0.01 and 0.1 parts by weight of scandium was included, the corrosion rate was 8.84 mm/y or less, regardless of the aluminum content, which was remarkably lower than the corrosion rate of the magnesium-aluminum alloy (see
(111) According to the results of the experiment, it was confirmed that magnesium including scandium exhibits the corrosion resistance superior to pure magnesium, and especially the corrosion resistance at 0.05 to 0.5 wt % of the Sc content, was much superior to that of the conventional art.
(112) According to the present invention, it is possible to achieve better corrosion resistance of 40% and higher than that of commercially available magnesium having a purity level of 99.9% on a commercial grade basis, and 20% or higher than that of a high purity material (99.99% based on pure Mg, 100 times more economical of manufacturing cost compared with a commercial material.
(113) (2) Test for Mechanical Properties
(114) It was observed that the tensile strength and the yield strength were improved when 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 parts by weight of scandium was included, compared with pure magnesium (see
(115) This is shown in Table 5 below.
(116) TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 [wt %] YS (MPa) UTS (MPa) EL (%) Comparative Pure Mg 85.7 169 12.4 Example 1 Example 1 Mg0.001Sc 80.3 165 12.8 Example 2 Mg0.01Sc 81.8 169 15.5 Example 3 Mg0.1Sc 112.2 177 6.8 Example 4 Mg0.25Sc 118.7 182 12.3 Example 5 Mg0.5Sc 125.6 195 12.1 Example 6 Mg1.0Sc 131.9 204 14.1
(117) In the case of a magnesium-zinc alloy, the tensile strength and yield strength were increased as the content of scandium increased regardless of the zinc content (
(118) This is shown in Table 6 below.
(119) TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Corr. Rate YS UTS E.L. [wt %] (mm/y) (MPa) (MPa) (%) Comparative Mg1Zn 1.04 131 217 23.8 Example 2 Example 7 Mg1Zn0.001Sc 0.67 130 217 22.8 Example 8 Mg1Zn0.01Sc 0.55 137 218 22.7 Example 9 Mg1Zn0.1Sc 0.65 171 240 26.2 Example 10 Mg1Zn1.0Sc 7.82 236 276 15.2 Comparative Mg2Zn 2.36 126 223 24.6 Example 3 Example 11 Mg2Zn0.001Sc 2.04 126 223 24.0 Example 12 Mg2Zn0.01Sc 1.92 131 223 24.3 Example 13 Mg2Zn0.1Sc 1.36 159 246 27.9 Example 14 Mg2Zn1.0Sc 2.98 252 268 12.9 Comparative Mg4Zn 7.39 126 248 26.6 Example 4 Example 15 Mg4Zn0.001Sc 6.58 127 247 26.5 Example 16 Mg4Zn0.01Sc 5.76 127 249 24.0 Example 17 Mg4Zn0.1Sc 2.77 148 250 20.3 Example 18 Mg4Zn1.0Sc 7.2 253 309 17.3 Comparative Mg6Zn 9.24 189 291 24.3 Example 5 Example 19 Mg6Zn0.001Sc 8.75 160 286 29.1 Example 20 Mg6Zn0.01Sc 7.96 180 296 23.4 Example 21 Mg6Zn0.1Sc 4.23 186 300 29.3 Example 22 Mg6Zn1.0Sc 9.63 257 326 16.6
(120) In the case of a magnesium-tin alloy, the tensile strength and yield strength were increased as the content of scandium increased regardless of the tin content (
(121) This is shown in Table 7 below.
(122) TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 Corr. Rate YS UTS E.L. [wt %] (mm/y) (MPa) (MPa) (%) Comparative Mg3Sn 3.21 142 224 12.6 Example 6 Example 23 Mg3Sn0.001Sc 2.69 135 220 15 Example 24 Mg3Sn0.01Sc 2.29 133 222 11.3 Example 25 Mg3Sn0.1Sc 2.34 153 231 11.1 Example 26 Mg3Sn1.0Sc 25.2 183 252 11.5 Comparative Mg5Sn 8.8 167 231 7.3 Example 7 Example 27 Mg5Sn0.001Sc 3.68 161 226 7.2 Example 28 Mg5Sn0.01Sc 3.91 158 226 7.6 Example 29 Mg5Sn0.1Sc 3.79 212 276 11.1 Example 30 Mg5Sn1.0Sc 110 188 258 12.1 Comparative Mg6Sn 10.8 175 236 7.2 Example 8 Example 31 Mg6Sn0.001Sc 4.94 170 232 6.5 Example 32 Mg6Sn0.01Sc 5.43 166 230 7.6 Example 33 Mg6Sn0.1Sc 4.98 250 292 5.7 Example 34 Mg6Sn1.0Sc 43.2 192 261 11.4 Comparative Mg8Sn 12.9 194 249 6.6 Example 9 Example 35 Mg8Sn0.001Sc 6.64 195 251 6.7 Example 36 Mg8Sn0.01Sc 7.20 194 251 7.9 Example 37 Mg8Sn0.1Sc 6.84 272 307 5.2 Example 38 Mg8Sn1.0Sc 92.5 244 286 6
(123) In the case of magnesium-aluminum alloy, the tensile strength and yield strength were increased as the content of scandium increased regardless of an aluminum content (
(124) This is shown in Table 8 below.
(125) TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 8 Corr. Rate YS UTS E.L. [wt %] (mm/y) (MPa) (MPa) (%) Comparative Mg3Al 42.8 136 237 22.1 Example 10 Example 39 Mg3Al0.001Sc 8.1 138 238 23.8 Example 40 Mg3Al0.01Sc 1.83 141 239 22.5 Example 41 Mg3Al0.1Sc 0.3 147 245 23.2 Example 42 Mg3Al1.0Sc 20.5 151 236 13.5 Comparative Mg6Al 43.9 151 274 16.8 Example 11 Example 43 Mg6Al0.001Sc 6.49 147 276 19.5 Example 44 Mg6Al0.01Sc 0.74 152 277 16.9 Example 45 Mg6Al0.1Sc 0.15 154 275 15.8 Example 46 Mg6Al1.0Sc 16.6 150 270 17.7 Comparative Mg9Al 46.7 192 312 10.5 Example 12 Example 47 Mg9Al0.001Sc 8.84 194 310 10.1 Example 48 Mg9Al0.01Sc 2.29 193 313 10.1 Example 49 Mg9Al0.1Sc 0.64 193 317 11.0 Example 50 Mg9Al1.0Sc 26.3 180 303 11.7
(126) Experimental results show that magnesium including scandium exhibits excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance over pure magnesium. Particularly, magnesium including 0.05 to 0.5 parts by weight of scandium exhibits the corrosion resistance superior to that of conventional one. According to the present invention, it is possible to remarkably improve the corrosion resistance against magnesium that does not contain scandium.
(127) While this disclosure includes specific examples, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made in these examples without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims and their equivalents. The examples described herein are to be considered in a descriptive sense only, and not for purposes of limitation. Descriptions of features or aspects in each example are to be considered as being applicable to similar features or aspects in other examples. Suitable results may be achieved if the described techniques are performed in a different order, and/or if components in a described system, architecture, device, or circuit are combined in a different manner, and/or replaced or supplemented by other components or their equivalents. Therefore, the scope of the disclosure is defined not by the detailed description, but by the claims and their equivalents, and all variations within the scope of the claims and their equivalents are to be construed as being included in the disclosure.