METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR STORING AND PROCESSING SOLID HOUSEHOLD WASTE

Abstract

The necessary dimensions are determined for a tank which comprises a pit for the storage and processing of solid household waste of organic origin while taking into account soil characteristics. The bottom of the pit and the side walls thereof are made of poured concrete, the concrete layer undergoes hydrolysis, and the bottom of the tank is made with a slope, wherein at the low point of the bottom of the tank, a water intake for collecting filtrate and water is installed, which is connected by a pump to a water purification filter. Along the perimeter of the tank, a pipe system for discharging biogas is installed which is connected to a biogas purification device. A portion of the solid household waste is loaded into the tank, covered with a water-impermeable material and covered over by a layer of soil.

Claims

1. A method of storage and processing of a solid household waste of organic origin, comprising in designing a tank for storage and processing of the solid household waste of organic origin, taking into account characteristics of a soil, required dimensions of a pit for the tank, proximity to city limits; then carrying out a construction of the specified tank, for which a bottom of the pit and its side walls are poured with concrete to obtain a reinforced concrete structure, waterproofing an obtained concrete layer, the bottom of the pit is made with a slope; installing a water inlet at the bottom of the tank to collect a filtrate and water, which is connected via a pump to a filter for water purification; installing a piping system along a perimeter of the tank to remove biogas, which is connected to a device for cleaning biogas from moisture and removing condensate and also to a biogas storage tank; loading a part of the solid household waste of organic origin into the tank, closing with a waterproof material and covering with a layer of soil; repeating indicated stages of loading parts of the waste and closing it until the tank is full; Afterwards, the resulting filtrate and rainwater are pumped out with a pump for subsequent processing; the resulting biogas is transferred through the piping system for biogas removal to a device for processing and purifying biogas from water and removing condensate for its further use; at the same time, a formation of biogas is monitored and, when it is completely stopped, a laboratory analysis of a decayed waste in the tank is carried out to confirm an absence of hazardous and harmful substances; then the tank is opened, the waste is removed and processed for future use.

2. A system for storage and processing of solid household waste of organic origin, comprising a tank for storage and processing of solid household waste of organic origin, which is a pit, side walls and a bottom of which are covered with a waterproof concrete; the bottom of the tank has a slope; at a lower point of the bottom of the tank there is a water inlet for collecting to filtrate and water, connected by means of a pump to a filter for water purification; around a perimeter of the tank there is a piping system of a mesh structure for removing biogas connected to a device for cleaning biogas from moisture and removing condensate and also to a device for storing biogas; wherein the mesh structure of the piping system is formed by a lower predominantly horizontal pipe extending in the lower part of the tank, an upper predominantly horizontal pipeline extending at an upper edge of the tank, and predominantly vertical pipelines located between said upper and lower pipelines; and mainly vertical pipelines have drainage sections covered with a first protective net and a second protective net with a layer of crushed stone located between them.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In FIG. 1 shows the design of the tank (side view),

[0022] FIG. 2the design of the tank (top view),

[0023] FIG. 3 is a general view of the piping system;

[0024] FIG. 4connection of the piping system with a device for cleaning biogas from moisture and removing condensate, a water inlet and a filter for cleaning,

[0025] FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a predominantly vertical pipeline with protective nets.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

[0026] The system for storage and processing of solid household waste of organic origin contains a tank 1 for storage and processing of solid household waste of organic origin, which is a pit, the side walls and the bottom of which are covered with concrete made with waterproofing, the bottom of the tank 1 has a slope of 3-5%, at the bottom of the bottom of the tank 1, a water inlet 2 is installed for collecting the filtrate and water, connected by means of a pump 3 to a filter for water purification 4. Around the perimeter of the tank 1 there is a piping system of a mesh structure for removing biogas connected to a device for cleaning biogas 5 from moisture and removing condensate and a device for storing biogas 6 (FIG. 3, 4). The mesh structure of the piping system is formed by a lower 7 predominantly horizontal pipe extending in the lower part of the tank 1, an upper 8 predominantly horizontal pipeline extending at the upper edge of the tank 1, and mainly vertical pipelines 9 located between said upper 8 and lower 7 pipelines. Moreover, the predominantly vertical pipelines 9 have drainage sections 10 covered with a first protective net 11 and a second protective net 12 with a layer of crushed stone 13 located between them (FIG. 5). Drainage sections 10 on predominantly vertical pipelines 9 can be positioned so that the waterproof material 14 and the soil layer 15, which cover part of the solid household waste of organic origin, passed at or above the top of the indicated drainage sections 10.

[0027] The drainage section 10 of the predominantly vertical pipe 9 is a section with holes, for example, with a diameter of 25 mm and a pitch of 50 mm.

[0028] The tank 1 can have different sizes and, accordingly, can accommodate a different volume of loaded waste. The tank 1 can have straight or inclined side walls. Also, depending on the friability of the soil, the bottom of the tank 1 can have a slope that is symmetrical on both sides. And it can be made with a slope of the bottom in one direction.

[0029] The tank 1 can have a site for the arrival of freight transport 16, different fences, ramps, etc. A service area 17 of tank 1 can also be allocated (FIG. 2).

[0030] To begin with, a design of the tank for the storage and processing of solid household waste of organic origin is carried out, for which they take into account the friability of the soil, the required dimensions of the pit of the tank, and proximity to the city limits. Then you dig a foundation pit of the required size. For example, a foundation pit of 1503015 m, 2005020 m, 3008015 m, 3008030 m, etc. can be dug. As a result, the volume of the tank can be up to 30 million cubic meters and more. Its bottom and side walls are covered concrete with waterproofing. The bottom of the tank is performed with a slope of 3-5% in one direction or symmetrical on both sides. At the lower point of the bottom of the tank, a water inlet is installed to collect the filtrate and water, which is connected to the filter to purify water through a pump. Then, part of the solid household waste of organic origin is loaded into the tankfor example, waste with a height of 9 is loaded into a 30 m high tank. Then they are covered with waterproof material and covered with a layer of soil up to 1 m high. Then repeat the indicated stages of loading part of the waste and closing it two more times until the tank is completely filled. First, sand with a height of 5-10 cm can be poured over a layer of solid household waste of organic origin, then waterproof material is laid, and then a sand layer with a height of 90-95 cm is poured. On the lower part of the tank (closer to its bottom) lay the lower mainly horizontal pipeline. Mostly vertical pipelines are installed to the height that is approximately equal to the height of falling asleep of the part of solid household waste.

[0031] At the same time, drainage sections with first and second protective nets and crushed stone between them are made on the upper part of predominantly vertical pipelines. Upon reaching the upper edge of the tank, an upper, mainly horizontal pipe is laid, which is connected to a device for cleaning biogas from moisture and removing condensate and a tank for storing biogas. When the solid household waste of organic origin is decayed, a filtrate is formed, which flows into the water intake and is pumped out by pumps. Biogas is also formed, which from each layer of waste enters through drainage sections into a piping system with a mesh structure. Moreover, during operation, the formation of biogas is constantly monitored and, when it is completely discontinued, a laboratory analysis of decayed waste in the tank is carried out to confirm the absence of hazardous and harmful substances in it. After that, the tank is opened, the waste removed and processed for further use in the national economy. The empty tank is ready for loading a new batch of solid household waste of organic origin.

[0032] The claimed method of storage and processing of solid household waste of organic origin and a system for its implementation allows you to reuse a concrete tank for storing waste and obtaining safe decayed mass from it, which can be used further for the national economy. For example, as fertilizer. At the same time, the process of waste decaying is accelerated, which gives additional advantagesbiogas comes in a purer and sufficient amount, which allows you to quickly fill the biogas storage device and use it for its intended purpose. The multiple use of one pit for processing several batches of waste significantly reduces the need for the construction of pits for the disposal of one batch of waste, which saves time and money for design, construction and operation.