Hydraulic pump with inlet baffle

Abstract

An inlet baffle chamber (40) is provided in the port cover (26) of a piston pump. The inlet baffle chamber (26) fluidly connects a compressed piston chamber to an adjacent lower pressure piston chamber while the lower pressure piston chamber is in the suction cycle and separately receiving fluid from an inlet manifold (38) of the port cover (26). Instead of de-compressing high pressure fluid directly to pump's inlet (36) as in prior art pumps, the inlet baffle chamber (40) directs fluid to the next piston that is already in the suction cycle.

Claims

1. A pump assembly comprising: a piston rotating group including a pump barrel defining a plurality of bores, and a plurality of moveable pistons that are received in the plurality of bores of the pump barrel; an input shaft for driving rotation of the piston rotating group; wherein as the piston rotating group rotates, the pistons extend and contract to drive fluid into and out from the pump assembly; a port plate having an inlet fluid passage, an outlet fluid passage, and a decompression port; and a port cover including a baffle chamber and an inlet manifold; the piston rotating group being configured such that during operation the piston rotating group provides a position in which a fluid from a compressed piston bore flows through the decompression port to the baffle chamber of the port cover, and from the baffle chamber through the inlet fluid passage of the port plate, and into a low pressure piston bore adjacent to the first compressed piston bore while the low pressure piston bore is fluidly connected to the inlet manifold.

2. A pump assembly comprising: a piston rotating group including a pump barrel defining a plurality of bores, and a plurality of moveable pistons that are received in the plurality of bores of the pump barrel; an input shaft for driving rotation of the piston rotating group; wherein as the piston rotating group rotates, the pistons extend and contract to drive fluid into and out from the pump assembly; a port plate having an inlet fluid passage, an outlet fluid passage, and a decompression port; a port cover including a baffle chamber and an inlet manifold; and the decompression port is fluidly connected to the baffle chamber of the port cover, and the baffle chamber is fluidly connected to the inlet fluid passage of the port plate; wherein a pressurized fluid from a compressed piston bore is directed through the decompression port and into the baffle chamber of the port cover and from the baffle chamber through the inlet fluid passage of the port plate and into a low pressure piston bore adjacent to the compressed piston bore.

3. A pump assembly comprising: a piston rotating group including a pump barrel defining a plurality of bores, and a plurality of moveable pistons that are received in the plurality of bores of the pump barrel; an input shaft for driving rotation of the piston rotating group; wherein as the piston rotating group rotates, the pistons extend and contract to drive fluid into and out from the pump assembly; a port plate having an inlet fluid passage, an outlet fluid passage, and a decompression port; a port cover including a baffle chamber and an inlet manifold; the piston rotating group having a position in which a compressed piston bore is fluidly connected to the decompression port of the port plate, the decompression port is fluidly connected to the baffle chamber of the port cover, the baffle chamber is fluidly connected to the inlet fluid passage of the port plate, and the inlet fluid passage of the port plate is fluidly connected to a low pressure piston bore adjacent to the first compressed piston bore, the low pressure piston bore also being fluidly connected to the inlet manifold; wherein a pressurized fluid from the compressed piston bore is directed through the decompression port of the port plate and into the baffle chamber and from the baffle chamber through the inlet fluid passage of the port plate and into the low pressure piston bore adjacent to the compressed piston bore.

4. The pump assembly of claim 3, wherein the baffle chamber is formed in the port cover separate from the inlet manifold.

5. The pump assembly of claim 3, wherein the baffle chamber is formed by a metal plate inserted transversely across a portion of the inlet manifold.

6. The pump assembly of claim 3, wherein the baffle chamber is machined into the port cover.

7. The pump assembly of claim 3, wherein the baffle chamber is cast into the port cover.

8. The pump assembly as in claim 3, further comprising a displaceable swashplate.

9. The pump assembly as in claim 3, wherein the pump assembly is an axial piston pump assembly.

10. The pump assembly as in claim 3, wherein the pump assembly is a bent axis piston pump assembly.

11. The pump assembly of claim 3, wherein the baffle chamber is part of the inlet manifold of the port cover.

12. The pump assembly of claim 3, wherein the baffle chamber is adjacent the inlet manifold of the port cover.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) An embodiment of this invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a portion of a pump assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

(3) FIG. 2 shows a partial perspective view of the internal fluid volume of a prior art pump assembly depicting fluid flow;

(4) FIG. 3 shows a partial perspective view of the internal fluid volume of a pump assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the invention depicting fluid flow;

(5) FIG. 4 shows a partial sectional view of a portion of the pump assembly of another embodiment of the invention;

(6) FIG. 5 shows a top elevational view of the port cover and port plate of the pump assembly shown in FIG. 4;

(7) FIG. 6 shows a perspective top view of the port cover shown in FIG. 5 with the port plate removed;

(8) FIG. 7 shows a top view of a port cover in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;

(9) FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of a port cover showing the embodiment shown in FIG. 7;

(10) FIG. 9 shows a graph depicting a pump self-priming test comparison;

(11) FIG. 10 shows a graph depicting a pump inlet pressure test comparison;

(12) FIG. 11 shows a graph depicting pump volumetric efficiency comparison at the pump cover inlet;

(13) FIG. 12 shows a graph depicting pump volumetric efficiency comparison at the pump cover outlet;

(14) FIG. 13 shows a graph depicting pump flow comparison at the pump outlet;

(15) FIG. 14 shows a pressure distribution within the internal fluid volume of a prior art pump; and

(16) FIG. 15 shows a pressure distribution within the internal fluid volume of a pump in accordance the embodiment shown in FIG. 3.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(17) Referring now to FIG. 1 a portion of a pump assembly of the present invention is shown in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. The pump assembly 10 comprises a piston rotating group 12 including a pump barrel 14 defining a plurality of bores 16, and a plurality of moveable pistons 18 that are received in the plurality of bores of the pump barrel. The pump assembly 10 further comprises an input shaft 20 for driving rotation of the piston rotating group 12 against a moveable swashplate 22. While a swashplate 22 is depicted for the variable displacement axial piston pump shown, the invention could also be applied to fixed displacement axial piston pumps of swashplate design, as well as axial piston pumps of bent-axis design (both fixed and variable displacement). As the piston rotating group 12 rotates against a port plate 24, the pistons 18 extend and contract to drive fluid into and out from the pump assembly 10 through the port cover 26.

(18) The internal fluid volume 30 of the pump assembly 10 is shown in FIG. 3. The internal volume of the port cover 26 includes an outlet port 32 fluidly connected to an outlet manifold 34 and an inlet port 36 fluidly connected to an inlet manifold 38. The port cover 26 further includes a baffle chamber 40 which re-directs pressurized fluid from a compressed piston 42 and through a decompression port 28 of the port plate 24 back through an inlet fluid passage 44 of the port plate 24 as depicted by the arrows R and into the next piston cylinder 46 that is already in the suction cycle. The pressurized fluid does not interfere with the fluid entering the inlet manifold 38 as depicted by arrows B allowing the flow to stay more uniform and undisrupted. The baffle chamber 40 may be a leading portion of the inlet manifold 38 that is walled off from the rest of the inlet manifold or it can be a separate chamber from the inlet manifold. The term leading means that as the compressed pistons rotate toward the inlet manifold and the suction pistons move away from the inlet manifold, the leading side of the inlet manifold is the portion that first encounters the compressed pistons and the trailing side is the side opposite the leading side. It is noted that the decompression port 28 is used only for decompression of the piston chambers effectively making it a one way port in contrast to a port utilized for a ripple chamber that is used to charge and discharge the ripple chamber.

(19) Referring to FIGS. 4, 5, and 6, another embodiment of the invention is shown as the baffle chamber 40 is formed by machining into the port cover 26 or casting the baffle chamber into the port cover 26. In this embodiment, pressurized fluid R from compressed piston 18C flows through decompression outlet 28 formed through port plate 26. The fluid flows into baffle chamber 40 and is redirected through the inlet fluid passage 44 of the port plate 26 and into the sucking piston 18P.

(20) Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, another embodiment of the invention is shown as the baffle chamber 40 is formed by a baffle plate 50 positioned transversely across the inlet manifold 38. In this manner, the baffle chamber would be similar to the baffle chamber 40 shown in FIG. 3 with the baffle plate 50 essentially walling off a portion of the inlet manifold 38 to create the baffle chamber 40.

(21) Referring to FIGS. 9-13, various performance tests were conducted on a prior art pump and a pump incorporating a baffle chamber in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The pump assembly 10 showed significant improvement over the prior art pump in a self-priming test (FIG. 9), a pump inlet pressure test (FIG. 10) a volumetric efficiency test at the pump cover inlet (FIG. 11) a volumetric efficiency test at the pump cover outlet (FIG. 12), and a pump flow test at the pump outlet (FIG. 13).

(22) Referring to FIGS. 14 and 15, a computer simulation was conducted to show the differences in pressure within the inlet manifold of a prior art pump and of a pump in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. The internal fluid volume 2 of prior art pump (FIG. 14) shows significant high pressure in the inlet manifold 6 generally at the location of intersection of the decompression flow and inlet flow as shown in FIG. 2. The internal fluid volume 30 of the pump shown in FIG. 15 corresponds to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and shows that the pressure in the inlet manifold 38 is significantly lower and evenly distributed while the high pressure is limited to the baffle chamber 40. Two decompression ports 44 are also shown.

(23) The present invention improves pump inlet manifold by taking advantage of transition that takes place when a pump piston passes from the high pressure pumping phase into the low pressure suction phase. The proposed baffle concept eliminates flow disruption and reduces problems associated with de-compression. This is done by re-routing de-compression flow. Instead of de-compressing high pressure fluid directly to pump's inlet, the baffle directs fluid to the next piston that is already in the suction cycle.