Wearable smart device

Abstract

The present invention provides to a wearable smart device having electrical wiring comprising a stretchable conductive composition having excellent in durability such as repeated bending properties and repeated twisting properties, a material for realizing the wearable smart device, and a method for producing the wearable start device. An electrical wiring including a fine line having an electrical line interval of 1 mm or less, preferably the line width of less than 1 mm, is formed by printing a paste for forming a stretchable conductor containing metal-based conductive particles and a non-crosslinked elastomer, and further dried and cured at a low temperature condition of 120 C. for 30 minutes. As a result, the wearable smart device having electrical wiring constituted by fine lines without sagging of the edge is obtained.

Claims

1. A wearable smart device comprising a stretchable electrical wiring comprising a stretchable conductor composition capable of maintaining electrical continuity even after repeating 20% elongation 10 times, wherein the stretchable conductor composition comprises carbon black, and wherein the electrical wiring when unstretched has a line interval of 50 m or more and 1 mm or less, and the electrical wiring has a ratio of width/thickness in a range of 1 to 50.

2. The wearable smart device comprising a stretchable electrical wiring according to claim 1, wherein the electrical wiring when unstretched has a line width of 50 m or more and less than 1 mm.

3. The wearable smart device comprising a stretchable electrical wiring according to claim 1, wherein a portion of the stretchable conductor composition of the stretchable electrical wiring has a thickness in a range of 3 m or more and 200 m or less.

4. The wearable smart device comprising a stretchable electrical wiring according to claim 1, wherein a specific resistance of the stretchable conductor composition of the stretchable electrical wiring when unstretched is 110.sup.3 cm or less.

5. The wearable smart device comprising a stretchable electrical wiring according to claim 1, wherein the stretchable conductor composition comprises substantially no solvent and comprises at least 40 to 90% by mass of conductive particles having an average particle diameter of 0.5 m or more and 5 m or less, and 15 to 60% by mass of a non-crosslinked elastomer.

6. The wearable smart device comprising a stretchable electrical wiring according to claim 1, wherein the stretchable conductor composition comprises substantially no solvent and comprises at least 40 to 83% by mass of conductive particles having an average particle diameter of 0.5 m or more and 5 m or less, and 15 to 60% by mass of a non-crosslinked elastomer.

7. The wearable smart device comprising a stretchable electrical wiring according to claim 1, wherein the stretchable conductor composition comprises substantially no solvent and comprises at least 40 to 90% by mass of conductive particles having an average particle diameter of 0.5 m or more and 5 m or less, 15 to 60% by mass of a non-crosslinked elastomer, and 0.5 to 3% by mass of carbon black having a BET specific surface area of 100 to 550 m.sup.2/g.

8. A paste for forming a stretchable conductor comprising at least a metal-based conductive filler, carbon black not covered with metal, a non-crosslinked elastomer, and an organic solvent, wherein the metal-based conductive filler has an average particle diameter of 0.5 m or more and 5 m or less.

9. The paste for forming a stretchable conductor according to claim 8, wherein the carbon black has a DBP oil absorption in a range of 100 to 550 cm.sup.3/100 g, and wherein an amount ratio of the carbon black is 0.5 to 2.0% by mass relative to a total amount of the metal-based conductive filler and the carbon black.

10. A paste for forming a stretchable conductor comprising at least a metal-based conductive filler, carbon black, a non-crosslinked elastomer, and an organic solvent, wherein the metal-based conductive filler has an average particle diameter of 0.5 m or more and 5 m or less, and when a total amount of all components except the solvent is 100 parts by mass, a total amount of the metal-based conductive filler and the carbon black is 40 to 90 parts by mass, and an amount of the non-crosslinked elastomer is 10 to 60 parts by mass.

11. A paste for forming a stretchable conductor comprising at least a metal-based conductive filler, a non-crosslinked elastomer, and an organic solvent, wherein the metal-based conductive filler has an average particle diameter of 0.5 m or more and 5 m or less, and the organic solvent has a boiling point of 200 C. or higher and a saturated vapor pressure at 20 C. of 20 Pa or less.

12. A method for producing a stretchable electrical wiring, the method comprising: forming an electrical wiring having a line width of less than 1 mm and a line interval of 1 mm or less by a printing method using a paste for forming a stretchable conductor, and then drying the electrical wiring at a temperature in a range of 75 C. to 145 C. under atmospheric pressure, wherein the paste for forming the stretchable conductor comprises at least a metal-based conductive filler, a non-crosslinked elastomer, and an organic solvent, and wherein the metal-based conductive filler has an average particle diameter of 0.5 m or more and 5 m or less.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a view showing a printed pattern of an electrode surface layer in Examples of the present invention;

(2) FIG. 2 is a view showing a printed pattern of a cover coat layer in Examples of the present invention;

(3) FIG. 3 is a view showing a printed pattern of a conductive layer in Examples of the present invention;

(4) FIG. 4 is a view showing a printed pattern of an underlying layer in Examples of the present invention;

(5) FIG. 5 is a view showing a printed pattern of a conductive layer in Comparative Examples of the present invention;

(6) FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing one example of the formation process of an electrical wiring in the present invention (direct printing);

(7) FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing one example of the formation process of an electrical wiring in the present invention (transfer method);

(8) FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing one example of a cross section of a wiring portion of the present invention (direct printing);

(9) FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing one example of a cross section of a wiring portion of the present invention (transfer method);

(10) FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a cross section of a conventional wiring portion (direct printing);

(11) FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing one example of a cross section of an electrode portion of the present invention (direct printing);

(12) FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing one example of a cross section of an electrode portion of the present invention (direct printing);

(13) FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing one example of a cross section of an electrode portion of the present invention (transfer method); and

(14) FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing one example of a cross section of an electrode portion of the present invention (transfer method).

MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

(15) In the present invention, the electrical wiring composed of fine lines can be realized based on the following concept.

(16) The electrical wiring in the present invention is obtained by printing and curing a paste for forming a stretchable conductor. Since materials such as fabric composed of flexible substrates, and stretchable sheets generally have poor heat resistance, a temperature of drying and curing a paste needs to be kept low, and a solvent having a low boiling point is generally used as a solvent for the paste. Further, it is difficult to use a resin component that needs a curing reaction and a crosslinking reaction at high temperatures as a binder resin. However, the use of a solvent having a low boiling point tends to cause dryness of a plate during printing of the paste and easily generate blurs, and as a result, it becomes difficult to print a fine line.

(17) In the present invention, such problems are solved by the physical properties obtained by using a solvent having a relatively high boiling point and using, as a binder resin, a non-crosslinked elastomer that sufficiently exhibits stretchability preferably even when dried at a low temperature, whereby a fine wiring having a line width of less than 1 mm, and preferably a line interval of 1 mm or less can be formed.

(18) As the stretchable electrical wiring formed of the stretchable conductor composition in the present invention, materials are used which have stretch resistance that is capable of maintaining electrical continuity even after repeating 20% elongation 10 times, preferably even after repeating 20% elongation 100 times, and more preferably even after repeating 20% elongation 1000 times.

(19) In the present invention, the electrical wiring when unstretched has a line interval of 50 m or more and 1 mm or less, preferably 80 m or more and 750 m or less, and more preferably 120 m or more and 450 m or less. If the line interval exceeds this range, not only the packaging density of an electronic circuit becomes lower but also the irregularities of the wiring surface tend to be tactually noticeable, and discomfort may increase when worn as a garment. On the other hand, if the line interval is attempted to be less than this range, the frequency of washing a printing plate increases, and the yield decreases, resulting in insufficient productivity.

(20) In the present invention, the electrical wiring has a width/thickness ratio (aspect ratio) in the range of 1 to 50, preferably 2 to 40, and more preferably 3 to 30. If the aspect ratio exceeds this range, the cross-sectional area of the wiring decreases, and it becomes difficult to ensure the required current capacity. On the other hand, when a wiring having a smaller aspect ratio than this range is formed, a method with low material efficiency such as a lift-off method must be adopted, and the productivity decreases.

(21) The stretchable conductor formed from a paste for a stretchable conductor in the present invention preferably has a thickness of 3 to 200 m, more preferably 4 to 120 m, and still more preferably 5 to 60 m.

(22) Hereinafter, the stretchable conductor composition used in the present invention will be described.

(23) The stretchable conductor composition in the present invention contains substantially no solvent and contains at least 40 to 90% by mass of conductive particles having an average particle diameter of 0.5 m or more and 5 m or less, and 15 to 60% by mass of a non-crosslinked elastomer.

(24) Furthermore, the stretchable conductor composition in the present invention preferably contains substantially no solvent and contains at least 40 to 83% by mass of conductive particles having an average particle diameter of 0.5 m or more and 5 m or less, 15 to 60% by mass of a non-crosslinked elastomer, and 2 to 25% by mass of non-conductive particles having an average particle diameter of 0.3 m or more and 10 m or less.

(25) In addition, the stretchable conductor composition in the present invention is preferably molded as a wiring of a wearable smart device via at least the step of drying and curing a paste composition at a temperature of 60 to 120 C. for 300 to 1800 seconds, the paste composition containing 20 to 80 parts by mass of an organic solvent having a boiling point of 200 C. or higher and a saturated vapor pressure at 20 C. of 20 Pa or less, when the total amount of the conductive particles, the non-crosslinked elastomer and the non-conductive particles is 100 parts by mass.

(26) The conductive particles in the present invention are composed of a material having a specific resistance of 110.sup.2 cm or less and have a particle diameter of 0.5 m or more and 5 m or less. Examples of the material having a specific resistance of 110.sup.2 cm or less include metal, alloy, doped semiconductor, and the like. As the conductive particles preferably used in the present invention, metals such as silver, gold, platinum, palladium, copper, nickel, aluminum, zinc, lead, and tin; alloy particles such as brass, bronze, cupronickel, and solder; hybrid particles such as silver-coated copper; in addition metal-plated polymer particles, metal-plated glass particles, metal-coated ceramic particles, and the like can be used.

(27) In the present invention, it is preferred to mainly use flaky silver particles or an irregular-shaped aggregated silver powder. Here, the mainly use means that the amount of 90% by mass or more of the conductive particles is used. The irregular-shaped aggregated powder is made by three-dimensional aggregation of spherical or irregular-shaped primary particles. The irregular-shaped aggregated powder and the flaky powder are preferable because they have a specific surface area larger than that of spherical powder or the like, and hence an electrical conductivity network can be formed even when the filling amount is small. The irregular-shaped aggregated powder, which is not in a monodisperse form, is further preferable because the particles physically contact with each other, and hence an electrical conductivity network can be easily formed.

(28) As for the particle diameter of the conductive particles, the average particle diameter (50% D) measured by a dynamic light scattering method is preferably 0.5 to 5 m, and more preferably 0.7 to 3 m. If the average particle diameter exceeds the predetermined range, the formation of a fine wiring may become difficult, and clogging occurs in the case of screen printing or the like. If the average particle diameter is less than 0.5 m, the particles cannot contact with each other when the filling amount is small, and as a result, the electrical conductivity may deteriorate.

(29) In the present invention, carbon black having a DBP oil absorption in the range of 100 to 550 is used.

(30) There are many types of carbon blacks made from different raw materials or by different methods, and each has its own characteristics. The DBP oil absorption is a parameter indicating the liquid absorption and retention ability of carbon black and is determined based on ISO 4656: 2012. In the present invention, the DBP oil absorption is preferably 160 or more and 530 or less, more preferably 210 or more and 510 or less, and still more preferably 260 or more and 500 or less. If the DBP oil absorption is less than this range, an interval between lines tends to be buried when fine lines are printed, and the printability of fine lines is deteriorated. If the DBP oil absorption exceeds this range, the viscosity of the paste tends to rise easily, and there arises a need to increase the amount ratio of the solvent for adjusting the viscosity. As a result, when fine lines are printed, the solvent tends to bleed between the lines, and likewise, the printability of fine lines is deteriorated.

(31) The amount ratio of carbon black is 0.5% by mass or more and 2.0% by mass or less, and preferably 0.7% by mass or more and 1.6% by mass or less relative to the total amount of the metal-based filler and the carbon black.

(32) In the present invention, non-conductive particles having an average particle diameter of 0.3 m or more and 10 m or less may be contained. As the non-conductive particles in the present invention, metal oxide particles are mainly used, and examples thereof include silicon oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, iron oxide, metal sulfate, metal carbonate, metal titanate, and the like. Among these non-conductive particles, barium sulfate particles are preferably used in the present invention.

(33) As the non-crosslinked elastomer in the present invention, a thermoplastic elastomer resin having preferably an elastic modulus of 1 to 1000 MPa and preferably a glass transition temperature within the range of 40 C. to 0 C. can be used, and examples thereof include thermoplastic synthetic resin, synthetic rubber, natural rubber, and the like. In order to develop the stretchability of a coating film (sheet), rubbers and polyester resin are preferably used. Examples of the rubbers include urethane rubber, acrylic rubber, silicone rubber, butadiene rubber, rubber containing a nitrile group such as nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber, isoprene rubber, vulcanized rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, butyl rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, vinylidene fluoride copolymer, and the like. Among these, rubber containing a nitrile group, chloroprene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, and styrene-butadiene rubber are preferable, and rubber containing a nitrile group is particularly preferable.

(34) The elastic modulus of the flexible resin is preferably 3 to 600 MPa, more preferably 10 to 500 MPa, further preferably 15 to 300 MPa, even more preferably 20 to 150 MPa, and particularly preferably 25 to 100 MPa.

(35) There is no particular limitation for the rubber containing a nitrile group as far as it is a rubber or elastomer containing a nitrile group, and nitrile rubber and hydrogenated nitrile rubber are preferable. Nitrile rubber is a copolymer of butadiene with acrylonitrile, and when the amount of bonding acrylonitrile increases, affinity with metal increases, but rubber elasticity contributing to stretchability rather decreases. Therefore, the amount of bowling acrylonitrile is preferably 18 to 50% by mass, more preferably 30 to 50% by mass, and still more preferably 40 to 50% by mass in 100% by mass of the nitrile-containing rubber (for example, acrylonitrile butadiene copolymer rubber).

(36) The polyester resin and the urethane rubber preferably have a glass transition temperature of from 40 C. to 0 C. They also preferably have a block copolymer structure composed of a hard segment and a soft segment. The elastic modulus of the non-crosslinked elastomer in the present invention is preferably in the range of 1 to 1000 MPa, more preferably 3 to 600 MPa, further preferably 10 to 500 MPa, and still more preferably 30 to 300 MPa. The non-crosslinked elastomer in the present invention preferably has a glass transition temperature of 0 C. or lower, more preferably 5 C. or lower, and further preferably 10 C. or lower. The non-crosslinked elastomer in the present invention preferably has a glass transition temperature of 0 C. or lower, and more preferably in the range of from 40 C. to 0 C.

(37) In the paste for forming a stretchable conductor of the present invention, when the total amount of all components except the solvent is 100 parts by mass, the total amount of the metal-based conductive filler and the carbon black is 70 to 90 parts by mass, and the amount of the non-crosslinked elastomer is 10 to 30 parts by mass.

(38) The paste for forming a stretchable conductor in the present invention contains a solvent. The solvent used in the present invention is an organic solvent having a boiling point of 200 C. or higher and a saturated vapor pressure at 20 C. of 20 Pa or less. When the boiling point of the organic solvent is too low, the solvent may be evaporated during the paste production process and during use of the paste, and there is a concern that the ratio of the ingredients constituting the conductive paste may be apt to change. On the other hand, when the boiling point of the organic solvent is too high, the amount of the solvent remaining in the dried and cured coat becomes large, and hence there is a concern that reliability of the coat may deteriorate. In addition, since a long period of time is taken for drying and curing, the sag of an edge in the drying process becomes large, so that it becomes difficult to keep the interval between lines narrow.

(39) Specific examples of the organic solvent using in the present invention include benzyl alcohol (vapor pressure: 3 Pa, boiling point: 205 C.), terpionel (vapor pressure: 3.1 Pa, boiling point: 219 C.), diethylene glycol (vapor pressure: 0.11 Pa, boiling point: 245 C.), diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate (vapor pressure: 5.6 Pa, boiling point 217 C.), diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate (vapor pressure: 5.3 Pa, boiling point: 247 C.), diethylene glycol dibutyl ether (vapor pressure: 0.01 mmHg or less, boiling point: 255 C.), triethylene glycol (vapor pressure: 0.11 Pa, boiling point: 276 C.), triethylene glycol monomethyl ether (vapor pressure: 0.1 Pa or less, boiling point: 249 C.), triethylene glycol monoethyl ether (vapor pressure: 0.3 Pa, boiling point: 256 C.), triethylene glycol monobutyl ether (vapor pressure: 1 Pa, boiling point: 271 C.), tetraethylene glycol (vapor pressure: 1 Pa, boiling point: 327 C.), tetraethylene glycol monobutyl ether (vapor pressure: 0.01 Pa or less, boiling point: 304 C.), tripropylene glycol (vapor pressure: 0.01 Pa or less, boiling point: 267 C.), tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether (vapor pressure: 3 Pa, boiling point: 243 C.), and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (vapor pressure: 3 Pa, boiling point: 230 C.).

(40) In the present invention, the solvent may be used singly, or in combination of two or more thereof. Such organic solvents are appropriately contained such that the paste for forming a stretchable conductor composition has a viscosity suitable for printing or the like.

(41) The amount ratio of the organic solvent in the present invention is 10 to 40 parts by mass, and preferably 10 to 25 parts by mass when the total mass of the conductive particles, the non-conductive particles, and the non-crosslinked elastomer is 100 parts by mass.

(42) The paste for forming a stretchable conductor in the present invention can be prepared by mixing and dispersing the conductive particles, the non-conductive particles which may be preferably added, the non-crosslinked elastomer, and the solvent as materials with a disperser such as a dissolver, three-roll mill, rotation/revolution mixer, attritor, ball mill, sand mill or the like.

(43) Into the paste for forming a stretchable conductor in the present invention, a known organic or inorganic additive such as a printability imparting agent, color tone adjusting agent, leveling agent, antioxidant, ultraviolet absorber, or the like can be blended as long as the contents of the invention are not impaired.

(44) In the present invention, by printing an electrical wiring pattern directly on a fabric using the above-mentioned paste for forming a stretchable conductor, a garment having an electrical wiring formed of a stretchable conductor composition can be produced. As a printing method, a screen printing method, a lithographic offset printing method, a paste-jet method, a flexographic printing method, a gravure printing method, a gravure offset printing method, a stamping method, a stencil method, or the like may be used. In the present invention, it is preferred to use a screen printing method or a stencil method. A method to directly draw a wiring using a dispenser or the like may also be interpreted as a printing in a broad sense.

(45) In the present invention, using the stretchable conductor paste thus obtained, an electrical wirings having a line width of less than 1 mm and a line interval of 500 m or less is formed by a printing method, and then dried at a temperature in the range of 75 C. to 145 C. under atmospheric pressure, whereby a stretchable electrical wiring can be obtained.

(46) A substrate used for printing is a stretchable substrate or a highly flexible material. The paste for forming a stretchable conductor in the present invention is suitably used for forming a stretchable electrical wiring on a flexible sheet of rubber, urethane or the like, or on a fabric such as woven fabric, knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric, synthetic leather, or the like, which is raw fabric of garments and textile products. The paste for forming a stretchable conductor can be also printed after a flexible resin material such as polyurethane resin or rubber is previously applied onto the whole or part of the fabric as an undercoat. Alternatively, the fabric may be temporarily hardened with a water-soluble resin or the like to facilitate handling and then subjected to printing. Furthermore, it may be temporarily fixed to a hard sheet material and then subjected to printing.

(47) The stretchable electrical wiring formed of the stretchable conductor composition in the present invention maintains electrical continuity even after repeating 20% elongation 10 times, preferably even after repeating 20% elongation 100 times, and more preferably even after repeating 20% elongation 1000 times.

(48) In the present invention, the electrical wiring when unstretched has a line width of less than 1 mm, preferably 500 m or less, more preferably 250 m or less, and further preferably 120 m or less.

(49) In the present invention, the electrical wiring when unstretched has a line interval of 50 m or more and 1 mm or less, preferably 80 m or more and 750 m or less, and more preferably 120 m or more and 450 m or less. If the line interval exceeds this range, not only the packaging density of an electronic circuit becomes lower but also the irregularities of the wiring surface tend to be tactually noticeable, and discomfort may increase when worn as a garment. On the other hand, if the line interval is attempted to be less than this range, the frequency of washing a printing plate increases, and the yield decreases, resulting in insufficient productivity.

(50) In the present invention, the electrical wiring has a width/thickness ratio (aspect ratio) in the range of 1 to 50, preferably 2 to 40, and more preferably 3 to 30. If the aspect ratio exceeds this range, the cross-sectional area of the wiring decreases, and it becomes difficult to ensure the required current capacity. On the other hand, when a wiring having a smaller aspect ratio than this range is formed, a method with low material efficiency such as a lift-off method must be adopted, and the productivity decreases.

(51) By drying and curing the paste for forming a stretchable conductor composition thus obtained, an electrical wiring that contains substantially no solvent and has an elongation characteristic that maintains electrical conductivity even after repeating 20% elongation 10 times can be obtained.

(52) As for the printing, a predetermined pattern may be printed on a fabric such as woven fabric, knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric, synthetic leather, or the like, which is raw fabric of garments and textile products, followed by cutting and sewing to obtain a textile product such as a garment, or may be also printed on a textile product that has been sewn or on an intermediate sewn product. The paste for forming a stretchable conductor can be also printed after a flexible resin material such as polyurethane resin or rubber is previously applied onto the whole or part of the fabric as an undercoat. Alternatively, the fabric may be temporarily hardened with a water-soluble resin or the like to facilitate handling and then subjected to printing. Furthermore, it may be temporarily fixed to a hard sheet material and then subjected to printing. In a garment with a wiring obtained by printing the paste for forming a stretchable conductor directly on a fabric, the undercoat and/or stretchable conductor portion and the fiber of the fabric that is a substrate are partly in an interpenetration state, so that strong adhesion can be realized. Moreover, also in the case of printing via an underlying layer, since a material having good adhesiveness to the stretchable conductor composition may be appropriately selected for the underlying layer, a garment including an electrical wiring layer having good adhesiveness can be obtained.

(53) In the wiring formed of the stretchable conductor in the present invention, if necessary, an insulating cover coat having stretchability may be provided by a printing method or a lamination method. On the surface of an electrode intended to be in contact with a human body surface, a surface layer formed of a composition using carbon particles as a main component of the metal-based conductive particles may be provided. Such a composition using carbon particles as a main component of the metal-based conductive particles is preferably made of a carbon paste using the same flexible resin material as in the stretchable conductor in the present invention as a binder. In addition, a portion used as an electrical contact with a discrete component can be plated with gold, tin or the like.

(54) In the present invention, using the paste for forming a stretchable conductor as described above, an electrical wiring pattern is printed on an intermediate medium, and then transferred to a fabric, whereby a garment having a wiring formed of a stretchable conductor composition can be obtained. Also in this case, a printing method similar to direct printing can be appropriately selected. Likewise, it is also possible to provide a cover coat layer, a composition layer using carbon particles as a main component of the metal-based conductive particles, and the like. When the transfer method is used, a transfer can be performed by thermocompression bonding to a fabric because the stretchable conductor in the present invention has thermoplastic properties. When the ease of transfer is further desired, a hot-melt layer as an underlying layer can be formed on the wiring pattern printed on the intermediate medium in advance, and then a transfer to a fabric can be performed. Furthermore, the hot-melt layer may be provided as an image receiving layer on the fabric side in advance. For such a hot-melt layer, a thermoplastic urethane resin or a non-crosslinked elastomer similar to the binder component of the stretchable conductor composition in the present invention can be used.

(55) As the intermediate medium in this case, a so-called release sheet such as a polymer film or paper having a release layer on its surface may be used. In addition, it is possible to use a film, sheet, plate or the like having a surface made of a material poor in adhesiveness such as fluororesins, silicone resins, or polyimides. It is also possible to use a metal plate such as stainless steel, a hard chrome-plated steel plate, an aluminum plate or the like.

EXAMPLES

(56) Hereinafter, the invention will be explained in more detail and specifically by further showing examples. Evaluation results etc. of examples were measured by the following method.

(57) <Amount of Nitrile>

(58) The amount of nitrile was converted from the composition ratio obtained by analyzing the resulting resin material by NMR to a ratio by mass (% by mass) of monomer.

(59) <Mooney Viscosity>

(60) The measurement was conducted using SMV-300RT Mooney Viscometer manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.

(61) <Elastic Modulus>

(62) A resin material was heated, compressed and molded into a sheet having a thickness of 20020 m, and then punched out into a dumbbell shape defined by ISO 527-2-1A to obtain a test piece. A tensile test was performed by the method defined in ISO 527-1 to determine an elastic modulus.

(63) <Glass Transition Temperature>

(64) A glass transition temperature was determined by differential thermal analysis (DTA) according to ISO 3146.

(65) <Average Particle Diameter>

(66) The measured using a light-scattering particle size distribution analyzer LB-500 manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.

(67) <Repeated Stretching Durability of Resin Material>

(68) (1) Formation of Test Piece Sheet

(69) A resin material was heated, compressed and molded into a sheet having a thickness of 20020 m, and then punched out into a dumbbell shape defined by ISO 527-2-1A to obtain a test piece.

(70) (2) Stretching Test

(71) An IPC bending tester manufactured by Yamashita Materials Corporation was modified, a reciprocating stroke of the tester was set to 13.2 mm, the test piece was fixed on a movable plate side with a clamp, the other end of the test piece was fixed to another fixed end with a clamp, and using a portion having a width of 10 mm and a length of 80 mm in the dumbbell-shaped test piece, an effective length was adjusted to be 66 mm (corresponding to 20% elongation). Using the apparatus modified to enable a sample to be repeatedly stretched, stretching of the test piece was repeatedly performed 100 times, and a change ratio of resistance values before and after the stretching test was determined according to the following equation:
Resistance change ratio=resistance value after test/initial resistance value.
<Evaluation of Stretching Durability>
(1) Formation of Test Piece Sheet

(72) A non-yellowing polyurethane film Unigrand XN 2004 manufactured by Nihon Unipolymer Co., Ltd. was lightly attached to a PET film having a thickness of 125 m with a roll laminator to use as a substrate. Then, using a stainless steel screen plate of 300 mesh, a pattern in which 10 lines having a length of 200 mm and a line width/a line interval=500 m/500 m were arranged in parallel was printed and dried under predetermined conditions to prepare a test piece.

(73) (2) Stretching Test

(74) An IPC bending tester manufactured by Yamashita Materials Corporation was modified, a reciprocating stroke of the tester was set to 13.2 mm, the test piece was fixed on a movable plate made of insulating resin with a metal clamp, the other end of the test piece was fixed to another fixed end with a clamp, and an effective length was adjusted to be 66 mm (corresponding to 20% elongation) in the longitudinal direction of the test piece previously obtained. Using the apparatus modified to enable a sample to be repeatedly stretched, while monitoring the resistance value between the metal clamps, stretching was repeatedly performed 100 times, the resistance values before and after the stretching test were compared, and the resistance value after the stretching test was divided by the initial resistance value to determine a resistance change ratio of stretching durability.

(75) <Repeated Stretching Durability of Conductive Paste>

(76) A paste for forming a stretchable conductor was printed onto a sheet having a thickness of 20020 m obtained from a stretchable resin R1 as a substrate by screen printing to form a rectangular pattern of 180 mm30 mm having a dry thickness of 30 m, and dried and cured at 120 C. for 30 minutes. Next, the rectangular pattern portion was punched out into a dumbbell shape defined by ISO 527-2-1A to obtain a test piece.

(77) An IPC bending tester manufactured by Yamashita Materials Corporation was modified, a reciprocating stroke of the tester was set to 13.2 mm, the test piece was fixed on a movable plate side with a clamp, the other end of the test piece was fixed to another fixed end with a clamp, and using a portion having a width of 10 mm and a length of 80 mm in the dumbbell-shaped test piece, an effective length was adjusted to be 66 mm (corresponding to 20% elongation). Using the apparatus modified to enable a sample to be repeatedly stretched, the test piece was clipped with metal clips on portions wrapped with aluminum foil at 0 to 5 mm outside from both ends of the stretching effective length of 66 mm, and was repeatedly stretched while monitoring resistance values with the tester. The resistance values were read every 10 times until repeated stretching of 600 times, and in stretchings of more than 600 times, stretching was stopped every 50 times in a state of a stretching rate of 0%, a value after one minute after the stop was read and recorded, the number of times at the time when the resistance value had reached 100-fold of the initial value was recorded, and then the test was aborted.

(78) <Electrical conductivity (sheet resistance, specific resistance)>

(79) The resistance value [] of a part having a width of 10 mm and a length of 80 mm in the central portion of a dumbbell-shaped test piece defined by ISO 527-2-1A was measured using Milliohmmeter manufactured by Agilent Technologies, and a sheet resistance value square was obtained by multiplying the measured resistance value by the aspect ratio () of the test piece.

(80) Furthermore, by multiplying the resistance value [] by a cross-sectional area (width of 1 [cm] thickness [cm]) and then dividing by the length (8 cm), a specific resistance [ cm] was determined.

(81) <Evaluation of Migration Resistance>

(82) Using the conductive paste, a test pattern in which two conductor patterns having a width of 1.0 mm and a length of 30.0 mm were parallel at intervals of 1.0 mm was printed on a polyester film by screen printing, and cured to obtain a test piece. In a state where DC5V was applied between the electrodes of the test piece, deionized water was added dropwise between the conductors, and the time taken until the electrodes were short-circuited by dendritic precipitates was measured, and a case where the time was within 60 seconds was evaluated as poor and a case where the time was 60 seconds or longer was evaluated as good. Note that the dropwise amount of deionized water was adjusted to an amount enough that water droplets cover in a width of 8 to 10 mm between the electrodes, and determination of short circuit was performed through visual observation.

(83) <Wearing Feeling>

(84) Ten adults including five men and five women served as test subjects, and a sports shirt in which an electrical wiring was formed was worn by each subject to measure an electrocardiogram. With regard to the wearing feeling during the measurement of electrocardiogram, the sensory evaluation was performed according to 5 grades from 5 points as good feeling to 1 point as bad feeling. Averaging points of ten persons, a case of 4 or more points was evaluated as very good, a case of 3 or more and less than 4 points was evaluated as good, a case of 2 or more and less than 3 points was evaluated as fair, a case of less than 2 points was evaluated as poor.

(85) <Composition Analysis of Inorganic Particles>

(86) Composition of inorganic particles to be used was analyzed using an X-ray fluorescence analyzer (X-ray fluorescence analyzer system 3270, manufactured by Rigaku Corporation) to examine Al components and Si components. Note that the amounts of coated Al and Si were obtained by converting the detected amount of metallic compounds of the Al components and the Si components into the amounts of the corresponding oxides (namely, Al components were calculated as Al.sub.2O.sub.3, Si components were calculated as SiO.sub.2).

(87) <Printability>

(88) The pattern for stretching durability test was consecutively printed on 100 pieces of PET film having a thickness of 125 m and dried under predetermined conditions. The presence or absence of blurs was visually confirmed on the 95th to 100th printed matters. In addition, the line width and the line interval were measured on the 30th printed matter.

Production Example 1

(89) <Polymerization of Polyester Material>

(90) Into a stainless steel polymerization vessel with an internal volume of 3 L equipped with a stirrer and a condenser for distillation were charged 69.8 parts by mass of terephthalic acid, 93.0 parts by mass of terephthalic acid, 55.9 parts by mass of ethylene glycol, and 62.5 parts by mass of neopentyl glycol, followed by raising a temperature up to 235 C. over 3 hours under a pressure of 2.0 kgf/cm.sup.3, and water was distilled off to carry out esterification reaction. After the completion of the esterification reaction, 0.14 parts by mass of titanium tetrabutoxide was added, followed by stirring for 10 minutes. Then, an initial polymerization under a reduced pressure was conducted for 30 minutes until a pressure reached 650 Pa, the temperature was raised up to 255 C., and subsequently, a latter polymerization was further conducted under 130 Pa or less for 45 minutes. After the completion of polymerization, the pressure was adjusted to 1.0105 Pa with nitrogen and cooled to 200 C. Next, while continuing stirring, 3.8 parts by mass of trimellitic anhydride was added, followed by stirring at 200 C. for 30 minutes. Then, 158 parts by mass of -caprolactone was added, followed by stirring at 200 C. for 60 minutes to obtain a polyester resin. The polyester resin R02 thus obtained had a glass transition temperature of 12 C. and a reduced viscosity of 1.1 dl/g.

Production Example 2

(91) <Polymerization of Synthetic Rubber Material>

(92) The following materials were put into a stainless steel reactor equipped with a stirrer and a water cooling jacket and gently stirred while keeping the bath temperature at 15 C. by flowing nitrogen.

(93) TABLE-US-00001 butadiene 61 parts by mass acrylonitrile 39 parts by mass deionized water 270 parts by mass sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 0.5 part by mass sodium naphthalenesulfonate condensate 2.5 parts by mass t-dodecyl mercaptan 0.3 part by mass triethanolamine 0.2 part by mass sodium carbonate 0.1 part by mass

(94) Next, an aqueous solution prepared by dissolving 0.3 part by mass of potassium persulfate in 19.7 parts by mass of deionized water was added dropwise into the reactor over 30 minutes, reaction was further continued for 20 hours, an aqueous solution prepared by dissolving 0.5 part by mass of hydroquinone in 19.5 parts by mass of deionized water was then added thereto, and an operation for stopping the polymerization reaction was carried out.

(95) Next, in order to distill off unreacted monomers, the pressure in the reactor was first reduced, and then steam was introduced into the reactor to recover the unreacted monomers, thereby to obtain a synthetic rubber latex (L1) composed of NBR.

(96) Sodium chloride and dilute sulfuric acid were added to the obtained latex, aggregation and filtration were performed. Then, deionized water in an amount 20 times in volume ratio to the resin was divided in five times, the resin was washed by repeating re-dispersion in the deionized water and filtration, and dried in air to obtain a synthetic rubber resin. The obtained synthetic rubber resin had a nitrile content of 39% by mass, a Mooney viscosity of 51, and an elastic modulus of 42 MPa.

(97) [Preparation 1 of Conductive Paste]

(98) Using the materials as shown in Table 1, stretchable conductive pastes were prepared with the blend ratios as shown in Table 2. First, the binder resin was dissolved in the solvent of a half amount of a predetermined amount, the metal-based particles, the carbon-based particles, and other components were added to the resulting solution, and after preliminary mixing, the mixture was dispersed by a three-roll mill to obtain a paste. The obtained paste was dried under the conditions as shown in Table 2 and evaluated. The results are shown in Table 2.

(99) Likewise, the materials as shown in Table 1 were used, and the blended components were changed to obtain conductive pastes as shown in Table 2.

[Reference Example 1] Preparation of Stretchable Carbon Paste

(100) A carbon paste for an electrode protective layer was prepared according to the composition as shown in Table 2.

[Reference Example 2] Stretchable Insulating Ink (Cover Coat Resin Ink, Ink for Forming an Underlying Layer)

(101) A stretchable insulating ink was prepared according to the composition as shown in Table 2.

Example 1

(102) On a release PET film having a thickness of 125 m, first, the pattern of FIG. 1 was printed using the carbon paste for forming an electrode surface layer, and dried and cured. Next, the pattern of FIG. 2 was overlaid and printed thereon using the stretchable insulating resin ink for forming a cover coat layer, and dried and cured. Then, the pattern of FIG. 3 was overlaid and printed thereon using the stretchable conductor paste, and finally, the pattern of FIG. 4 for forming an underlying layer was printed using the stretchable insulating paste.

(103) Although FIG. 3 is a schematic view for showing the concept, the wiring portion in the pattern used in the actual test includes 11 wires having a line width of 500 m arranged in approximately parallel with a line interval of 500 m.

(104) Next, a hot-melt sheet punched into the same shape as the pattern of FIG. 4 was stacked and pressure-bonded to obtain a transferable printed wiring sheet.

(105) The obtained transferable printed wiring sheet was stacked on a predetermined portion of a sports shirt turned inside out and hot-pressed to transfer the printed matter from the release PET film to the sports shirt, whereby a sports shirt with an electrical wiring was obtained.

(106) Subsequently, stainless steel hooks were attached onto a surface side of the sports shirt of the two electrodes positioned at the edges of the center of the chest, and in order to ensure electrical continuity with the wiring portion on a back side of the surface, the stainless steel hooks were electrically connected to the stretchable conductor composition layer using a conductive yarn in which a fine metal wire was twisted.

(107) Heart rate sensor WHS-2 manufactured by Union Tool Co. was connected via the stainless steel hooks, and was programmed so that a heart rate data could be received and displayed with a smartphone manufactured by Apple in which the application myBeat designed specifically for the heart rate sensor WHS-2 had been installed. In this way, the sports shirt in which a heart rate measurement function was incorporated was produced.

(108) This shirt was worn by a subject, and electrocardiogram data of the subject was acquired during being at rest, walking, running, riding a bicycle, driving a car, and sleeping. The acquired electrocardiogram data had less noise and a high resolution, and hence had a quality as an electrocardiogram that is capable of analyzing mental states, physical condition, fatigue, sleepiness, stress levels, or the like from the change in heart rate interval, the electrocardiogram waveform, and the like. Furthermore, the sports shirt in which a heart rate measurement function was incorporated obtained in Example 1 retained its function even after machine-washing 100 times. The results are shown in Table 3.

Examples 2 and 3

(109) A sports shirt with an electrical wiring was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that each of the conductive paste 2 and the conductive paste 3 obtained in the preparation of conductive paste was used. The evaluation was performed likewise, and the results are shown in Table 3.

Comparative Example 1

(110) A sports shirt with an electrical wiring was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the pattern of FIG. 5 was used instead of the pattern of FIG. 3. The evaluation was performed likewise, and the results are shown in Table 3.

Example 4

(111) Onto a polyester plain weave cloth having a size of 100 mm200 mm, the same size polyurethane sheet having a thickness of 100 m was bonded with a hot-melt adhesive, and using a polyurethane sheet surface as a surface to be printed, 50 parallel lines having a length of 180 mm, a line width of 100 m and a line interval of 100 m were printed by screen printing, and dried and cured. Subsequently, a cover coat pattern having a size of 160 mm80 mm was formed by screen printing using an insulating ink so that the ends of the parallel lines were exposed, and dried and cured to obtain a test piece. The obtained test piece was tested for washing resistance. The results are shown in Table 4.

[Examples 5 to 10] [Comparative Examples 2 and 3]

(112) Wirings of Examples 5 to 10 and Comparative Examples 2 and 3 having different line widths and different line intervals were formed by screen printing in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the wiring pattern and printing thickness were changed, and evaluated for washing resistance. The results are shown in Table 4.

Examples 11 to 23, Comparative Examples 11 to 19, Reference Examples 1 and 2

(113) [Preparation 2 of Conductive Paste]

(114) Using the materials as shown in Table 1, stretchable conductive pastes were prepared with the blend ratios as shown in Tables 5 and 6. First, the binder resin was dissolved in the solvent of a half amount of a predetermined amount, the metal-based particles, the carbon-based particles, and other components were added to the resulting solution, and after preliminary mixing, the mixture was dispersed by a three-roll mill to obtain a paste. The obtained paste was dried under the conditions as shown in Tables 5 and 6 and evaluated. The results are shown in Tables 5 and 6.

Application Example

(115) First, a predetermined pattern was printed on a release PET film having a thickness of 125 m using the insulating resin ink for forming a cover coat layer prepared in Reference Example 2, and dried and cured. The pattern corresponded to a land section that covers the periphery of an electrode portion in a ring shape and an insulating coating section that covers an electrical wiring portion formed of the stretchable conductor. The land section covered the outer circumference 3 mm of an electrode pattern described later, and had a ring width of 5 mm. The insulating coating section had a width of 24 mm and covered the stretchable conductor wiring. The dry thickness of the cover coat layer was adjusted to be 20 m.

(116) Next, using the stretchable carbon paste obtained in Reference Example 1, printing was performed on a portion to be an electrode portion, followed by drying and curing. The electrode portion was a circle having a diameter of 40 mm arranged concentrically with the ring of the previously printed cover coat layer.

(117) Next, the electrode portion and the electrical wiring portion were printed using the paste for forming a stretchable conductor obtained in Example 12. The electrode portion had a circular shape with a diameter of 40 mm, and was arranged concentrically with the ring-shaped land section. The electrical wiring portion was in the form of stripes in which ten wires having a line width of 0.8 mm and a line interval of 1 mm were arranged in parallel. The electrode portion and the electrical wiring portion after printing were dried and cured by performing heat treatment at 115 C. for 15 minutes in a drying oven. The dry thickness was adjusted to be 35 m.

(118) Furthermore, using the insulating resin ink of Reference Example 2 used for the cover coat layer, printing was performed so as to cover all the printed patterns including the cover coat layer, followed by drying at 115 C. for 15 minutes. A hot-melt sheet with a release film Ecellent SHM104-PUR (thickness: 70 m) manufactured by NTW Co., Ltd. was punched out into a predetermined shape and stacked on the obtained printed matter, and they were heated from the release film side with an iron to lightly attach to each other.

(119) Subsequently, the transferable printed electrode wiring obtained by the above processes was overlaid on a predetermined portion of the sports shirt turned inside out and hot-pressed at 120 C. to transfer the printed matter from the release PET film to the sports shirt, whereby a sports shirt with an electrical wiring was obtained.

(120) In the obtained sports shirt with an electrical wiring, the circular electrode having a diameter 50 mm was placed on the intersection of each of left and right posterior axillary lines and the seventh rib, and the electrical wiring in the form of stripes formed of the stretchable conductor composition was formed from each of the circular electrodes to the center of the chest on the inside of the sports shirt. The wirings extending from the left and right electrodes to the center of the back of the neck had a rectangle with a side of 20 mm at the center side of the chest, and the left and right electrodes are not short-circuited due to the gap of 5 mm therebetween.

(121) Subsequently, stainless steel hooks were attached on a surface side of the sports shirt at the edges of the center of the back of the neck of the left and right wiring portions where no cover coat layer was disposed, and in order to ensure electrical continuity with the wiring portion on a back side of the surface, the stainless steel hooks were electrically connected to the stretchable conductor composition layer using a conductive yarn in which a fine metal wire was twisted.

(122) Heart rate sensor WHS-2 manufactured by Union Tool Co. was connected via the stainless steel hooks, and was programmed so that a heart rate data could be received and displayed with a smartphone manufactured by Apple in which the application myBeat designed specifically for the heart rate sensor WHS-2 had been installed. In this way, the sports shirt in which a heart rate measurement function was incorporated was produced.

(123) This shirt was worn by a subject, and electrocardiogram data of the subject was acquired during being at rest, walking, running, riding a bicycle, driving a car, and sleeping. The acquired electrocardiogram data had less noise and a high resolution, and hence had a quality as an electrocardiogram that is capable of analyzing mental states, physical condition, fatigue, sleepiness, stress levels, or the like from the change in heart rate interval, the electrocardiogram waveform, and the like.

(124) Furthermore, the sports shirt in which a heart rate measurement function was incorporated obtained in this Application Example retained its function even after machine-washing 30 times.

(125) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 1 Carbon-based CB01 Graphite powder manufactured by Lion Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd. particles Ketchen black EC600JD BET specific surface area 1270(m2/g) DOP oil absorption 495 CB02 Graphite powder manufactured by Lion Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd. Ketchen black EC300J BET specific surface area 800(m2/g) DOP oil absorption 360 CB03 Graphite powder manufactured by Lion Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd. Ketchen black EC200L BET specific surface area 620(m2/g) DOP oil absorption300 CB04 Acetylene black manufactured by Denki Kagaku KK DBP oil absorption 210 CB05 Carbon black manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation RCF#52 DBP oil absorption 63 Metal-based Ag01 Small-diameter silver powder SPH02J (average particle diameter 1.2 m) manufactured by Mitsui particles Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd. Ag02 Fine flaky silver powder manufactured by Fukuda Metal Foil Powder Industry Co., Ltd. Ag-A (average particle diameter 3.5 m) Ag03 Aggregated silver powder G-35 (average particle diameter 6.0 m) manufactured by Dowa Electronics Co., Ltd. Inorganic TiO2 SiO2Al2O3 surface-treated titanium oxide particles manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry particles Co., Ltd. R-38L Binder resin R01 Coatron KYU-1 manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. Glass transition temperature 35 C. R02 Polyester resin obtained in Production Example 1 Glass transition temperature 12 C. R03 Nitrile butadiene rubber resin obtained in Production Example 2. Glass transition temperature 29 C. Crosslinking HD DMP/DEM hybrid blocked isocyanate 7992 manufactured by Baxenden Chemicals Limited agent Solvent BC Butyl carbitol acetate Boiling point 230 C. Vapor pressure(20 C.)3.0 Pa ECA Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate Boiling point 217 C. Vapor pressure(20 C.)5.6 Pa BnOH Benzyl alcohol Boiling point 205 C. Vapor pressure(20 C.) 3.0 Pa IP Isophorone Boiling point 215 C. Vapor pressure(20 C.)40 Pa

(126) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 2 Conductive Conductive Conductive Carbon Insulating Paste 1 Paste 2 Paste 3 Paste Paste Paste composition Binder resin R01 10 ratio R02 10 30 59.5 R03 10 Crosslinking agent HD 0.5 Metal-based Ag01 70 70 69 particles Ag02 Ag03 Carbon-based CB01 1 1 1 10 particles CB05 10 Inorganic particles TiO2 1 Solvent BC 19 ECA 19 50 40 BnOH 19 Dry condition Heat treatment temperature C. 100 100 100 100 100 Time minutes 20 20 20 20 20 Specific resistance cm 280 350 320 Characteristics Stretching durability 20% elongation 2.8 1.9 2.8 (Resistance change ratio) 10 times 20% elongation 4.2 3.8 43 30 times 20% elongation 5.7 5.4 6.0 100 times Thickness m 18.9 20.0 20.2 Line widths m 532 530 518 Line intervals m 468 470 482 Presence or absence visual observation none none none of blurs

(127) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 3 Comparative Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 1 Conductive Paste Conductive Conductive Conductive Conductive Paste 1 Paste 2 Paste 3 Paste 1 Wiring poriton m 500 500 500 5000 line width Wiring poriton m 500 500 500 line interval Number of wiring number 11 11 11 1 Electrocardiogram waveform good good good good Wearing feeling good good good fair Washing 10 times good good good good resistance 20 times good good good good 40 times good good good poor 80 times good good good poor 100 times good good good poor

(128) TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 4 Exam- Exam- Comparative Comparative Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Example 7 Example 8 ple 9 ple 10 Example 2 Example 3 Conductive Paste Conductive Conductive Conductive Conductive Conductive Con- Con- Conductive Conductive Paste 1 Paste 1 Paste 1 Paste 1 Paste 1 ductive ductive Paste 1 Paste 1 Paste 1 Paste 1 Wiring poriton m 100 200 300 500 800 500 1200 1200 2000 line width Wiring poriton m 100 200 300 500 800 100 100 1200 2000 line interval Number of wiring number 50 25 17 10 7 10 4 4 2 Wiring thickness m 25 26 25 28 30 30 30 30 30 Insulating layer m 20 20 20 22 23 23 23 25 25 thickness Washing 10 times good good good good good good good good good resistance 20 times good good good good good good good good good 40 times good good good good good good good poor poor 80 times good good good good good good good poor poor 100 good good good good good good poor poor poor times

(129) TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 5 Example Example Example Example Example Example 11 12 13 15 16 17 Paste composition Binder resin R01 10 10 ratio R02 10 10 10 R03 10 R04 Crosslinking HD agent Metal-based Ag01 70 70 70 70 particles Ag02 70 70 Ag03 Carbon-based CB01 1 1 1 1 0.6 1.3 particles CB02 CB03 CB04 CB05 Solvent BC 19 19 ECA 19 19.4 18.2 BnOH 19 IP Dry condition Heat treatment C. 100 100 100 100 100 100 temperature Time min 20 20 20 20 20 20 Characteristics Stretching Resistance change 3.5 3.8 3.6 5.0 7.0 4.0 durability ratio Thickness m 15.0 15.4 14.8 16.4 14.0 16.7 Line widths m 510 513 508 524 535 498 Line intervals m 490 487 492 476 465 502 Presence or Visual observation none none none none none none absence of blurs Example Example Example Example Example Example 18 19 20 21 22 23 Paste composition Binder resin R01 10 10 ratio R02 10 10 10 10 R03 R04 Crosslinking HD agent Metal-based Ag01 70 70 70 70 70 particles Ag02 70 Ag03 Carbon-based CB01 1 1 1 particles CB02 1 CB03 1 CB04 1 CB05 Solvent BC 19 19 ECA 19 19 19 19 BnOH IP Dry condition Heat treatment C. 100 100 100 80 120 140 temperature Time min 20 20 20 45 18 15 Characteristics Stretching Resistance change 7.7 8.0 8.2 3.5 3.7 4 durability ratio Thickness m 14.2 13.6 18.6 18.9 16.2 14.5 Line widths m 532 540 535 516 524 535 Line intervals m 468 460 465 484 476 465 Presence or Visual observation none none none none none none absence of blurs

(130) TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 6 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Example 11 Example 12 Example 13 Example 14 Example 15 Example 16 Paste composition Binder resin R01 9.5 ratio R02 10 10 10 10 10 R03 R04 Crosslinking HD 0.5 agent Metal-based Ag01 70 70 70 70 70 70 particles Ag02 Ag03 Carbon-based CB01 1 0.3 0.1 2.2 particles CB02 CB03 CB04 CB05 1 Solvent BC 19 ECA 19 20 19.6 19.8 18.8 BnOH IP Dry condition Heat treatment C. 100 100 100 100 100 100 temperature Time min 20 20 20 20 20 20 Characteristics Stretching durability Resistance change 15.0 16.0 15.0 14.0 14.7 16.5 ratio Thickness m 12.0 12.3 15.1 13.8 12.4 17.3 Line widths m 550 555 512 538 540 480 Line intervals m 450 445 488 462 460 520 Presence or absence Visual observation none none none none none presence of blurs Comparative Comparative Comparative Reference Reference Example 17 Example 18 Example 19 Example 1 Example 2 Paste composition Binder resin R01 ratio R02 10 10 30 59.5 R03 10 R04 Crosslinking HD 0.5 agent Metal-based Ag01 70 70 particles Ag02 Ag03 70 Carbon-based CB01 3 1 1 20 particles CB02 CB03 CB04 CB05 Solvent BC ECA 17 19 50 40 BnOH IP 19 Dry condition Heat treatment C. 100 100 100 temperature Time min 20 20 20 Characteristics Stretching durability Resistance change 18.0 ratio Thickness m 18.1 15.5 14.5 Line widths m 470 512 529 Line intervals m 530 488 471 Presence or absence Visual observation presence presence presence of blurs

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

(131) As described above, the wearable smart device according to the present invention is a garment with an electrical wiring exhibiting good washing durability by providing an electrical wiring that has stretchability and in addition that is formed of a stretchable conductor having a narrow line interval and a narrow line width. This indicates that the electrical wiring portion is excellent in repeated bending properties, repeated twisting properties, repeated stretching properties, and repeated compression properties, and further has a small discomfort when being worn.

(132) The technique of the wearable smart device according to the present invention is applicable to a wearable device for detecting information of a human body such as bioelectric potential including myoelectric potential and cardiac potential, and biological information including body temperature, pulse, blood pressure, and the like with a sensor or the like provided in a garment; a garment incorporating an electric heating device; a wearable device incorporating a sensor for measuring a clothing pressure; wear that measures a body size by using a clothing pressure; a sock-type device for measuring a pressure of a sole of foot; a garment in which flexible solar cell modules are integrated in textiles; a wiring part of a tent, bag or the like; a low frequency treatment apparatus having a joint part; a wiring part of a thermal treatment apparatus or the like; a sensing part of degree of flexion, and the like. Such wearable devices can be used for not only a human body but also an animal such as pet or livestock, can be applied to a mechanical device having an expandable portion, a bending portion, and the like, and can also be used as an electrical wiring of a system that is used by connecting a mechanical device such as a robotic prosthetic arm or leg to a human body. In addition, it can be also used as a wiring material for an implant device to be embedded in the body.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

(133) 1 Temporary support 2 Fabric (substrate) 3 Underlying layer 4 Conductive layer 5 Insulating layer (cover coat layer) 6 Electrode surface layer (carbon layer) 7 Release film 8 Adhesive layer (hot-melt layer) 11 Electrode for detecting heart rate 12 Electrode for mounting device 13 Wiring portion