Ecosystem Risk Mitigation System

Abstract

An Ecosystem Risk Mitigation System comprehensive of Green Technology

Claims

1. A system for carbon dioxide upgrading, comprising: an oceanic offshore structure; an AC/DC convertor mounted on said oceanic offshore structure wherein said convertor is connected to the onboard electric power generating system; and a seawater filtration system mounted on said ocean offshore structure, wherein includes separation and enrichment systems for filtered seawater; and a sequestration system mounted on said ocean offshore structure, comprising a Heat Recovery Steam Generator, said Heat Recovery Steam Generator being connected to an Intermediate Temperature Steam Electrolyzer, wherein carbon dioxide combustion gases from said power generation system and said filtered seawater are processed to create feedstocks for syngas, and a production system mounted on said ocean offshore structure, wherein said production system being connected to said sequestration system for transfer of said syngas to a Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis process for conversion to synthetic crude, and a product upgrading system mounted on said ocean offshore structure, wherein said product upgrading system being connected to said production system for transfer of said synthetic crude to a product upgrading process for conversion to liquid and gaseous fuel products; and a storage and offloading system, mounted on said ocean offshore structure for distribution of said products to a remote location.

2. A system for generating electric power system and carbon dioxide upgrading, comprising: an oceanic offshore structure; a gas processing and optimization module mounted on said ocean offshore structure, wherein said gas optimization module includes separation and enrichment systems; and an electric power generating system mounted on said oceanic offshore structure, said electric power generating system including: an electric power generator; a driver powered by a combustion process of a fossil fuel source, said driver being connected to said generator; an electric power transmission system to transfer electricity from said generator to a remote location; and a capture system connected to said driver for capturing combustion gasses transferred from said combustion process, said capture system comprising: a flue gas separation station for separating the carbon dioxide from non-carbon dioxide combustion gases by absorption, adsorption, or membrane gas separation, prior to transferring said carbon dioxide to an onboard sequestration system Intermediate Temperature Steam Electrolyzer with the non-carbon dioxide gas transferred to an onboard sequestration system Heat Recovery Steam Generator; and an AC/DC convertor mounted on said oceanic offshore structure wherein said convertor is connected to said electric power generating system; and a seawater filtration system mounted on said ocean offshore structure, wherein includes separation and enrichment systems for filtered seawater; and a sequestration system mounted on said ocean offshore structure, comprising a Heat Recovery Steam Generator, said Heat Recovery Steam Generator being connected to an Intermediate Temperature Steam Electrolyzer, wherein carbon dioxide combustion gases from said power generation system and said filtered seawater are processed to create feedstocks for syngas, and a production system mounted on said ocean offshore structure, wherein said production system being connected to said sequestration system for transfer of said syngas to a Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis process for conversion to synthetic crude, and a product upgrading system mounted on said ocean offshore structure, wherein said product upgrading system being connected to said production system for transfer of said synthetic crude to a product upgrading process for conversion to liquid and gaseous fuel products; and a storage and offloading system, mounted on said ocean offshore structure for distribution of said products to a remote location.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein said oceanic offshore structure is fixed or floating.

4. The system of claim 2, wherein said fossil fuel source is supplied to said gas processing and optimization module on said oceanic offshore structure by a line connected to either: a conduit connected to a seabed pipeline; or a gas storage tank connected by a conduit to a seabed pipeline; or storage vessels connected by a line to a barge or ship.

5. The system of claim 2, wherein said driver is gas combustion turbines, or combination of gas and steam turbines, or LNG turbines with fuel injection, or combination of LNG turbines with fuel injection and steam turbines.

6. The system of claim 2, wherein said oceanic offshore structure can disconnect fuel and transmission system connections for transit to a different location.

7. The system of claim 2, wherein said power generating system provides base load power generation to said remote location.

8. The system of claim 2, wherein said power generating system comprises a separate vessel or structure having energy storage capabilities for electric power, hydrogen, and fuel cells to enable continuous generation during operation of said power generating system, said vessel may transit to remote location for offloading said energy storage capabilities.

9. The system of claim 2, comprising said power generating system generates power utilizing the carbon chain to mitigate the atmospheric release of carbon dioxide by sequestration and upgrading to products.

10. The system of claim 1, further comprising recycle off gases and or waste steam for regeneration of steam, comprising: a heat recovery steam generator; steam is supplied to a steam turbine; and a driver powered by a steam turbine, said driver being connected to; an electric power generator.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein said sequestration system may include other types of electrolyzer, or combinations thereof, comprising: a solid oxide electrolyzer; and or a solid acid electrolysis cell.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein said storage and offloading system may include delivery mechanisms using drone technologies for delivery of said products to remote locations, comprising: Hydrogen Fuel Cells; and or Electric Fuel Cells.

13. A method for carbon dioxide upgrading, comprising: an oceanic offshore structure; an AC/DC convertor mounted on said oceanic offshore structure wherein said convertor is connected to the onboard electric power generating system; and a seawater filtration system mounted on said ocean offshore structure, wherein includes separation and enrichment systems for filtered seawater; and a sequestration system mounted on said ocean offshore structure, comprising a Heat Recovery Steam Generator, said Heat Recovery Steam Generator being connected to an Intermediate Temperature Steam Electrolyzer, wherein carbon dioxide combustion gases from said power generation system and said filtered seawater are processed to create feedstocks for syngas, and a production system mounted on said ocean offshore structure, wherein said production system being connected to said sequestration system for transfer of said syngas to a Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis process for conversion to synthetic crude, and a product upgrading system mounted on said ocean offshore structure, wherein said product upgrading system being connected to said production system for transfer of said synthetic crude to a product upgrading process for conversion to liquid and gaseous fuel products; and a storage and offloading system, mounted on said ocean offshore structure for distribution of said products to a remote location.

14. A method for generating electric power and carbon dioxide upgrading, comprising: an oceanic offshore structure; a gas processing and optimization module mounted on said ocean offshore structure, wherein said gas optimization module includes separation and enrichment systems; and an electric power generating system mounted on said oceanic offshore structure, said electric power generating system including: an electric power generator; a driver powered by a combustion process of a fossil fuel source, said driver being connected to said generator; an electric power transmission system to transfer electricity from said generator to a remote location; and a capture system connected to said driver for capturing combustion gasses transferred from said combustion process, said capture system comprising: a flue gas separation station for separating the carbon dioxide from non-carbon dioxide combustion gases by absorption, adsorption, or membrane gas separation, prior to transferring said carbon dioxide to an onboard sequestration system Intermediate Temperature Steam Electrolyzer with the non-carbon dioxide gas transferred to an onboard sequestration system Heat Recovery Steam Generator; and an AC/DC convertor mounted on said oceanic offshore structure wherein said convertor is connected to said electric power generating system; and a seawater filtration system mounted on said ocean offshore structure, wherein includes separation and enrichment systems for filtered seawater; and a sequestration system mounted on said ocean offshore structure, comprising a Heat Recovery Steam Generator, said Heat Recovery Steam Generator being connected to an Intermediate Temperature Steam Electrolyzer, wherein carbon dioxide combustion gases from said power generation system and said filtered seawater are processed to create feedstocks for syngas, and a production system mounted on said ocean offshore structure, wherein said production system being connected to said sequestration system for transfer of said syngas to a Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis process for conversion to synthetic crude, and a product upgrading system mounted on said ocean offshore structure, wherein said product upgrading system being connected to said production system for transfer of said synthetic crude to a product upgrading process for conversion to liquid and gaseous fuel products; and a storage and offloading system, mounted on said ocean offshore structure for distribution of said products to a remote location.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein said oceanic offshore structure is fixed or floating.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein said fossil fuel source is supplied to said gas processing and optimization module on said oceanic offshore structure by a line connected to either: a conduit connected to a seabed pipeline; or a gas storage tank connected by a conduit to a seabed pipeline; or storage vessels connected by a line to a barge or ship.

17. The method of claim 14, wherein said driver is gas combustion turbines, or combination of gas and steam turbines, or LNG turbines with fuel injection, or combination of LNG turbines with fuel injection and steam turbines.

18. The method of claim 14, wherein said oceanic offshore structure can disconnect fuel and transmission system connections for transit to a different location.

19. The method of claim 14, wherein said power generating system provides base load power generation to said remote location.

20. The method of claim 14, wherein said power generating system comprises a separate vessel or structure having energy storage capabilities for electric power, hydrogen, and fuel cells to enable continuous generation during operation of said power generating system, said vessel may transit to remote location for offloading said energy storage capabilities.

21. The method of claim 14, comprising said power generating system generates power utilizing the carbon chain to mitigate the atmospheric release of carbon dioxide by sequestration and upgrading to products.

22. The method of claim 13, further comprising recycle off gases and or waste steam for regeneration of steam, comprising: a heat recovery steam generator; steam is supplied to a steam turbine; and a driver powered by a steam turbine, said driver being connected to; an electric power generator.

23. The method of claim 13, wherein said sequestration system may include other types of electrolyzer, or combinations thereof, comprising: a solid oxide electrolyzer; and or a solid acid electrolysis cell.

24. The method of claim 13, wherein said storage and offloading system may include delivery mechanisms using drone technologies for delivery of said products to remote locations, comprising: Hydrogen Fuel Cells; and or Electric Fuel Cells.

25. A product HydroDiesel made by the process of claim 1.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0153] FIG. 1 for reference: a simplified schematic view of one embodiment of the electric power generating system of The State of the Art invention.

[0154] FIG. 2 for reference: is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing another embodiment of the The State of the Art invention.

[0155] FIG. 3 for reference: is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing another embodiment of the The State of the Art invention.

[0156] FIG. 4 for reference is a simplified schematic view of a typical gas turbine system that can be employed in the system and method of The State of the Art invention.

[0157] FIG. 5 is a simplified schematic view of steam sequestration system that can be employed in the system and method of the present invention.

[0158] FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5 showing another embodiment of the present invention.

[0159] FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 6 showing another embodiment of the present invention.

[0160] FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIG. 7 showing another embodiment of the present invention.

[0161] FIG. 9 is a view similar to FIG. 8 showing cumulative embodiment of the present invention that can be employed in the system and method for said invention.

[0162] FIG. 10 is a simplified schematic view of cumulative embodiments of the invention integrated with base load generation system of the State of the Art that can be employed in the system and method of the combined invention.

[0163] FIG. 11 is a visual aid of risk events.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0164] Embodiments of the invention are described more fully hereafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. Elements that are identified using the same or similar reference characters refer to the same or similar elements. The various embodiments of the invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0165] The present invention improves operational efficiency of the power generation system of The State of the Art, with onboard sequestration of the byproduct CO2, enabling the floating structure 10B to be located in proximity to coastal cities with high demand, negating transmission losses. The new combination is in essence: Floating Offshore Carbon Neutral Electric Power Generation System & Carbon Dioxide Upgrading System, utilizing Seawater

[0166] Onboard sequestration system utilizes in part the carbon cycle, by recycling the byproduct carbon dioxide into feedstock for syngas, an alternative to hydrocarbon feedstocks used in the production of present syngas. An onboard Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Module and Product Upgrading Module produces liquid and gas fuel products utilizing processes well known to those skilled in the art. This enables additional energy products for transportation sector with proximity to high population centers and high demand. This implies a commercial uplift for said energy products and subsequent economic operation for The State of the Art.

[0167] There are five embodiments described for the present invention, each with a schematic drawing. For clarity, each embodiment and drawing is a sequential buildup for the carbon dioxide upgrading system, from carbon dioxide gas to producing liquid and gas fuel products. The overall system schematic is in FIG. 9., with integration on the offshore structure 10B and said State of the Art, FIG. 10.

[0168] The first embodiment is an onboard carbon dioxide sequestration system with the corresponding schematic in FIG. 5. To confirm what is new in the present invention and tie-in points, gas turbine schematic of The State of the Art, FIG. 4, is shown in the top left corner. The hatched area overlays prior system CO2 tie-in.

[0169] Foundation of said sequestration system is the technical integration of a Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) and an Intermediate Temperature Steam Electrolyzer (ITSE) enabling continuous electrolysis of carbon dioxide gas into a feedstock of carbon monoxide gas. The process requires DC power supply.

[0170] The system of the present invention begins with a Seawater Filtration Plant (SFP) 106 similar to desalination system, to remove containments from seawater that could impact the operation of the HRSG 100 and ITSE 113 respectively. The SFP has a pumping system which draws seawater from the water column via line 105. Output from the SFP is water via line 107 to the HRSG Pump 108. The HRSG Pump 108 supplies water, via line 109, an input to the HRSG 100.

[0171] Output from the HRSG is Intermediate Temperature Steam which is transferred via line 104 to the ITSE 113. Further to the electrolysis process, steam is recycled via line 111, to condenser 112 and then back to the SFP for purification.

[0172] The Gas Turbine 64 is operated in Cogeneration mode with the flue gas sent, via line 29, to a carbon dioxide separation station 25 wherein the carbon dioxide is separated from the flue gas by absorption, adsorption, membrane gas separation, or other methods well known to those skilled in the art. The carbon dioxide is then sent, via line to 103 to the CO2 ITSE 113. The non-carbon dioxide gas flue gases are sent via line 101, to the input of HRSG 100. Said HRSG has auxiliary firing capabilities from Hydrogen Gas, (product of 2nd Embodiment). Said non-carbon dioxide flue gases exit the HRSG, via line 102, to be processed and disposed with by means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0173] DC Power to CO2 ITSE 113, is via line 118 from AC/DC Convertor 115, which has a battery backup to account for potential supply interruptions. Convertor 115 is supplied with AC power via line 114 from State of the Art Generator 24.

[0174] CO2 Electrolyzer 113 utilizes Intermediate Temperature Steam Electrolysis (ITSE) to split carbon dioxide, by process well known to those skilled in the art.

[0175] CO2 Electrolyzer 113 Output is carbon monoxide gas (CO), sent via line 117 to the CO feedstock storage system 118.

[0176] The second embodiment is the addition of a H20 electrolysis system to produce Hydrogen gas (H2) with the schematic in FIG. 6

[0177] H20 Electrolyzer 120 utilizes Intermediate Temperature Steam Electrolysis (ITSE) to split H20 water, by a process well known to those skilled in the art.

[0178] DC Power to H2O ITSE 120, is via line 121 from the AC/DC convertor 115

[0179] H20 is supplied by the SFP 106 via line 122 to pump 123 and line 124 input to the H2O ITSE 120

[0180] Intermediate Temperature Steam is supplied via line 110, which is connected to line 104 which supplies CO2 ITSE 113. Post-electrolysis, steam is recycled via line 111, to condenser 112 and then back to the SFP for purification.

[0181] H20 Electrolyzer 120 Output is hydrogen gas (H2) sent via line 125 to the H2 feedstock storage system 126.

[0182] The third embodiment is a co-electrolysis system with the corresponding schematic in FIG. 7. Input and Outputs are similar to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 embodiments.

[0183] Electrolyzer 130 uses Intermediate Temperature Steam Electrolysis (ITSE) to split both CO2 and H20, by a process well known to those skilled in the art.

[0184] DC Power to ITSE 130, is via line 118 from AC/DC convertor 115 H20 is supplied by the SFP 106 via line 122 to pump 123 and line 124 input

[0185] Carbon dioxide gas is transferred via line 103, to the ITSE 130. Intermediate Temperature Steam is supplied by HRSG via line 104, to ITSE 130. Carbon monoxide (CO) Output is via line 117 to CO feedstock storage system 118. Hydrogen (H2) Output is via line 125 to H2 feedstock storage system 126

[0186] The forth embodiment is the addition of steam regeneration system to the third embodiment of Co-Electrolysis ITSE with corresponding schematic in FIG. 8.

[0187] A steam regeneration system 133 or alternative is supplied the post electrolysis steam for reuse, via line 132. Hydrogen gas is supplied via line 131 to the system 133 for reheating the steam by a process well known to those skilled in the art. Top up water is supplied, via line 129, from the SFP pump 123. System 133 supplies steam, via line 134 to spin the steam turbine 135, the output shaft of the turbine 136 being coupled to an electric generator 137

[0188] The fifth and final embodiment is the cumulative stage in recycle of carbon dioxide gas to alternative fuel products with the corresponding schematic in FIG. 9.

[0189] Addition of a The Production System is a Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Module 140 and a Product Upgrading System with Gas Processing Module 142 and Liquids Processing Module 143.

[0190] The Fischer-Tropsch process was developed one hundred years ago and is now well known to those skilled in the art. The process converts a feedstock of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, synthesis gas or syngas which is sent at high temperatures through catalysts (usually the transition metals cobalt, iron, and ruthenium) which facilitate the hydrocarbon formation, into hydrocarbon chains of liquid hydrocarbons (C5-C25), to be used as synthetic fuel.

[0191] Input to the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Module 140 from the carbon monoxide storage system 118, via line 127. Another Input to the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Module 140 from the hydrogen storage system 126 via line 128.

[0192] Output from the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Module 140 process is a synthetic crude which is transferred, via line 141 to Product Upgrading System Modules, 142 and 143 respectively. Herein said synthetic crude is further processed supplying, aviation fuels, transportation fuels and feedstocks; i.e., Base Oils, Gas Oil, Kerosene, Paraffins, Naphtha or the gaseous products of Condensate, LPG and Ethane.

[0193] A storage and offloading system supplies appropriate vessels, or pipelines via lines 144 and line 145.

[0194] For operational efficiency, recycling process off gases via lines 146 and 147 and recycling of waste steam via line 148 into steam regeneration module 150 or alternative. CO2 from the Fischer-Tropsch process is recycled to ITSE via line 151. Redundant process oxygen from the ITSE 130 is supplied, via line 149 to module 150. Water to be supplied to module 150 via an extension of line 124 (not shown).

[0195] The regeneration module 150, supplies steam, via line 152 to steam turbine 153, the steam in turn being used to spin the turbine 153, the output shaft of the turbine 154 being coupled to an electric generator 155 to supply onboard loads.

[0196] It is contemplated to produce a hybrid fuel, combining hydrogen and diesel by processes defined in embodiments two and five, HydroDiesel (HD). For a viable product and to fulfill a need, said product characteristics are deemed as liquid fuel to supply diesel transportation, with no engine or exhaust modifications.

[0197] The sum of the embodiments, overlayed with the power generation system of the State of the Art is in FIG. 10. Embodiments one through four are shown in the hull of oceanic structure 10B, with Embodiment five show as an extension 10C in the shaded area. Said extension 10C may be separate vessel or structure.

[0198] Seawater is collected in the water column using an initial filter system 75 which is pumped to Seawater Filtration Module 77. This supplies water to the HRSG Module 89 and the ITSE Module 83.

[0199] The combusted gas (flue gas) generated in the driver or power section 22 of the State of the Art is sent to a carbon dioxide separation station 25 wherein the carbon dioxide is separated from the flue gas by absorption, adsorption, membrane gas separation, or other methods well known to those skilled in the art. The carbon dioxide only is then sent to the ITSE Module 83. The non-carbon dioxide gas is sent to the HRSG Module 79, where a heat exchange takes place, converting the feed water into Intermediate Temperature Steam which is supplied to the Intermediate Temperature Steam Electrolyzer 83.

[0200] Onboard Power Generation Module 24 supplies the AC/DC convertor Module 85 which in turn supplies DC power to the ITSE 83.

[0201] ITSE 83 produces syngas feedstocks which are stored in 87 and 88 for supply to the Fischer-Tropsch Module 90 and Product Upgrading Module 92. Produced liquids and gas are transferred from Module 92 to storage units 93 through 96 for offloading. Module 91 is steam a regeneration unit or alternative.

[0202] Fuel cells, hydrogen 98 or electric 99 are illustrated on deck for offloading.

[0203] It is further contemplated there could be combination of fuel cells fueled by Hydrogen, DC Power similar to transportation on land based vehicles, which are well known to those skilled in the art. Delivery of said fuel cells from the offshore structure may include drone delivery direct to residential homes or small business.

[0204] It is yet further contemplated there could be combination of gas and steam turbines fueled by hydrogen, similar to natural gas configurations on land based combined cycle power stations which are well known to those skilled in the art.

[0205] It is also further contemplated that the system could also include a separate vessel or structure having hydrogen storage capabilities and or hydrogen fuel cells.

[0206] A final contemplation, Substation 30 includes a ACDC converter station with DC power being transmitted via HVDC electric power transmission line 32 to a remote location. Where there are multiple offshore power generator systems operated by the same operator, they can be connected by an offshore DC super grid to regulate the supply to multiple coastal cities, working in partnership with RTO grid operators, governments, consumers to maximize benefit to all.

[0207] Although specific and cumulative embodiments of the invention have been described herein in some detail, this has been done solely for the purposes of explaining the various aspects of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as defined in the claims which follow. Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiment shown and described is exemplary, and various other substitutions, alterations, and modifications, including but not limited to those design alternatives specifically discussed herein, may be made in the practice of the invention without departing from its scope.