Method for rolling metal wire or rod with assistance of combined static magnetic field

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of extruding, rolling and drawing metal wire or rod with assistance of a combined static magnetic field, characterized by providing, in a moving direction of a metal wire or rod, a gradient static magnetic field generated by a combination of a permanent magnet and a steady electromagnet; and after a raw material for rolling the metal wire or rod is processed by the gradient static magnetic field, performing rolling extrusion and pulling on the material. For multiple passes of rolling extrusion and pulling, the static magnetic field processing is performed before each pass of rolling.

Claims

1. A method of preparing metal wires or rods with assistance of a static magnetic field, comprising: loading a blank in the form of a metal wire or rod into a conveying roller track to be processed by multiple stages of rolling, extruding or drawing along a travel direction of the blank; subjecting the blank to an effect of a static magnetic field before being processed by each of the multiple stages of rolling, extruding or drawing; wherein in the conveying roller track a longitudinal center line of the blank is kept in line with the travel direction of the blank; wherein before a first stage of rolling, extruding or drawing, the blank is subject to magnetic treatment by a gradient static magnetic field formed by three groups of permanent magnets and a steady electromagnet that are disposed in parallel along the travel direction of the blank on the conveying roller track; and wherein a magnetic induction intensity of the three groups of permanent magnets increases from group to group along the travel direction of the blank.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the magnetic induction intensity of a first group of the three groups of permanent magnets is 0.01-0.30 T, and a width of the first group the three groups of permanent magnets is 0.1-1.0 m in the travel direction of the blank; the magnetic induction intensity of a second group of the three groups of permanent magnets is 0.31-0.60 T, and a width of the second group of the three groups of permanent magnets is 0.1-1.0 m in the travel direction of the blank; the magnetic induction intensity of a third group of the three groups of permanent magnets is 0.61-0.99 T, and a width of the third group of the three groups of permanent magnets in the travel direction of the blank is 0.1-1.0 m; the steady electromagnet is an annular DC superconducting magnet, the magnetic induction intensity thereof is 1.01-3.00 T and a width thereof in the travel direction of the blank is 0.1-1.0 m.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein before a second stage of rolling, extruding or drawing, the blank is subject to magnetic treatment by a gradient static magnetic field formed by a fourth group of permanent magnets and an electromagnet; the magnetic induction intensity of the fourth group of permanent magnets is 0.51-0.99 T, and a width of the fourth group of permanent magnets in the travel direction of the blank is 0.5-1.0 m; the electromagnet configured to be used for the second stage is an annular DC superconducting magnet, the magnetic induction intensity thereof is 1.01-3.00 T and a width thereof in the travel direction of the blank is 0.1-1.0 m.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein after a second stage of rolling, extruding or drawing, the blank is subject to magnetic treatment by a gradient static magnetic field formed by a fifth group of permanent magnets; the magnetic induction intensity of the fifth group of permanent magnets is 0.31-0.75 T, and a width of the fin group of permanent magnets in the travel direction of the blank is 0.5-1.0 m.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein when the static magnetic field is generated by the three groups of permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are U-shaped magnets or circular magnets; for the U-shaped magnets, the longitudinal center line of the blank is aligned with a center line of a notch of each U-shaped magnet; and for the circular magnets the longitudinal center line of the blank is aligned with a center of each circular magnet.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the rolling principle in the present invention.

(2) In the FIGURES:

(3) 1blank to be rolled; 2first group of permanent magnets; 3second group of permanent magnets; 4third group of permanent magnets; 5steady electromagnet for initial rolling; 6roller for first pass of rolling; 7conveying roller; 8fourth group of permanent magnets; 9steady electromagnet for second pass of rolling; 10roller for second pass of rolling; 11permanent magnet after second pass of rolling

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Example 1: Extruding and Drawing of Copper

(4) An oxygen-free copper blank having a diameter of 18 cm is obtained with a line-frequency induction smelting furnace through semi-continuous casting and is used as a blank for copper extruding and drawing in this example.

(5) A continuous extruding process is used to produce a copper wire, and the main steps are as follows: the oxygen-free copper blank is heated up to 650 C. first, and then is loaded into a conveying roller track, where the oxygen-free copper blank is to be fed into an extruder for a first pass of rolling; a gradient magnetic field formed by three groups of U-shaped permanent magnets and a group of steady electromagnets is disposed on the conveying roller track in front of the extruder; in this example, the magnetic induction intensity of the first group of permanent magnets is 0.25 T, and the width of the first group of permanent magnets in the travel direction of the blank of metal wire or rod (i.e., the width of action zone) is 0.5 m; the magnetic induction intensity of the second group of permanent magnets is 0.50 T, and the width of the second group of permanent magnets in the travel direction of the blank of metal wire or rod (i.e., the width of action zone) is 1.0 m; the magnetic induction intensity of the third group of permanent magnets is 0.85 T, and the width of the third group of permanent magnets in the travel direction of the blank of metal wire or rod (i.e., the width of action zone) is 0.1 m; the steady electromagnet is an annular DC superconducting magnet, with 2.0 T magnetic induction intensity; the permanent magnets are mounted at appropriate positions to ensure that the longitudinal center line of the copper blank is in the same line as the center line of the notches of the U-shaped magnets, the steady electromagnet is mounted at an appropriate position to ensure that the central axis of the steady electromagnet is in the same line as the central axis of the blank of metal wire or rod, and the width of the steady electromagnet in the travel direction of the blank of metal wire or rod (i.e., the width of action zone) is 0.2 m.

(6) After the oxygen-free copper blank is treated in the above-mentioned magnetic field, it is fed into a continuous extruder and extruded into copper wire, wherein the rotation speed of the continuous extruder is 15 r/min, the extrusion speed of the copper wire is 20 m/min, the temperature of the copper wire is 600 C. in the extrusion process, and the pressure in the extrusion cavity is 1100 MPa; in addition, the copper wire extruded from the mold is cooled in a vacuum water-cooling device, i.e., the copper wire extruded at a high temperature is cooled in a vacuum tube; thus, the copper wire is isolated from oxygen in the entire deformation process to avoid oxygen absorption and ensure low-oxygen content in the copper wire; after the copper wire is extruded from the mold, it is cooled in an anti-oxidation vacuum tube and a water tank, and blow-dried to 25 C.; the obtained copper wire is in diameter of 10 mm.

(7) The obtained oxygen-free copper wire in 10 mm diameter is drawn into a fine copper wire by multiple passes of drawing; here, the copper wire is drawn by two passes: the copper wire is drawn from 10 mm diameter to 2 mm diameter in the first pass of drawing; in this process, the copper wire is treated in a magnetic field described in the present invention before drawing; the magnetic field used for the first pass of drawing, i.e. the static magnetic field disposed for the second pass of rolling in the present invention, is a gradient magnetic field formed by a group of permanent magnets and a steady electromagnet which are disposed in parallel; the permanent magnets are circular magnets, the magnetic induction intensity of the permanent magnets is 0.75 T, and the width of the permanent magnets in the travel direction of the blank of metal wire or rod (i.e., the width of action zone) is 0.75 m; the steady electromagnet is an annular DC superconducting magnet, the magnetic induction intensity thereof is 3.00 T, the central axis of the permanent magnets and the steady electromagnet is in the same line as the central axis of the blank of metal wire or rod, and the width of the steady electromagnet in the travel direction of the blank of metal wire or rod (i.e., the width of action zone) is 0.1 m; the copper wire in 2 mm diameter is drawn into a fine copper wire in 0.2 mm diameter in the second pass of drawing; in this process, the copper wire is treated in a magnetic field formed by a group of circular permanent magnets before the second drawing; the magnetic induction intensity of the permanent magnets is 0.55 T, the width of the permanent magnets in the travel direction of the blank of metal wire or rod (i.e., the width of action zone) is 0.5 m, and the longitudinal center line of the copper wire is in the same line as the center line of the circular magnets.

(8) Thus, a copper rod in 18 cm diameter is extruded into a copper wire in 10 mm diameter. In the process of twice drawing into a copper wire in 0.2 mm diameter, on a premise that all other processing conditions are the same, it can been seen by comparing the method in which a magnetic field described in the present invention is applied and the method in which the magnetic field is not applied that: with the method provided in the present invention, the extruding and drawing efficiency is improved; especially, a broken wire phenomenon in the drawing process is completely eliminated; in the process of extruding the round blank into a wire, the surface smoothness of the obtained wire is improved, any burr, chamfer or tiny crack of the material is completely eliminated, and the dimension accuracy of the finished product is improved; in addition, with the method provided in the present invention, only a non-contact external field has to be applied on the conveying roller track and in the drawing process, and the continuousness of the original production process is not affected. The method provided in the present invention is safe and simple.

Example 2: Extruding and Drawing of Copper

(9) An oxygen-free copper blank having a diameter of 20 cm is obtained with a line-frequency induction smelting furnace through semi-continuous casting and is used as a blank for copper extruding and drawing in this example;

(10) A continuous extruding and drawing process is used to produce a super-fine copper wire, and the main steps are as follows: the oxygen-free copper blank is heated up to 650 C. first, and then is loaded into a conveying roller track, where the oxygen-free copper blank is to be fed into an extruder for a first pass of rolling; a gradient magnetic field formed by three groups of U-shaped permanent magnets and a group of steady electromagnets is disposed on the conveying roller track in front of the extruder; in this example, the magnetic induction intensity of the first group of permanent magnets is 0.30 T, and the width of the first group of permanent magnets in the travel direction of the blank of metal wire or rod (i.e., the width of action zone) is 0.5 m; the magnetic induction intensity of the second group of permanent magnets is 0.60 T, and the width of the second group of permanent magnets in the travel direction of the blank of metal wire or rod (i.e., the width of action zone) is 0.5 m; the magnetic induction intensity of the third group of permanent magnets is 0.99 T, and the width of the third group of permanent magnets in the travel direction of the blank of metal wire or rod (i.e., the width of action zone) is 0.5 m; the steady electromagnet is an annular DC superconducting magnet, with 3.0 T magnetic induction intensity; the permanent magnets are mounted at appropriate positions to ensure that the longitudinal center line of the copper blank is in the same line as the center line of the notches of the U-shaped magnets, the steady electromagnet is mounted at an appropriate position to ensure that the central axis of the steady electromagnet is in the same line as the central axis of the blank of metal wire or rod, and the width of the steady electromagnet in the travel direction of the blank of metal wire or rod (i.e., the width of action zone) is 0.1 m.

(11) After the oxygen-free copper blank is treated in the above-mentioned magnetic field, it is loaded into a continuous extruder and extruded into a copper wire, wherein, the rotation speed of the continuous extruder is 15 r/min, the extrusion speed of the copper wire is 20 m/min, the temperature of the copper wire is 620 C. in the extrusion process, and the pressure in the extrusion cavity is 1200 MPa; in addition, the copper wire extruded from the mold is cooled in a vacuum water-cooling device, i.e., the copper wire extruded at a high temperature is cooled in a vacuum tube; thus, the copper wire is isolated from oxygen in the entire deformation process to avoid oxygen absorption and ensure low-oxygen content in the copper wire; after the copper wire is extruded from the mold, it is cooled in an anti-oxidation vacuum tube and a water tank, and blow-dried to 25 C.; the obtained copper wire is in diameter of 10 mm.

(12) The obtained oxygen-free copper wire in 10 mm diameter is drawn into a super-fine copper wire by multiple passes of drawing; here, the copper wire is drawn for three passes: the copper wire is drawn from 10 mm diameter to 1.2 mm diameter in the first pass of drawing; in this process, the copper wire is treated in a magnetic field described in the present invention before drawing; the magnetic field used for the first pass of drawing, i.e. the static magnetic field disposed for the second pass of rolling in the present invention, is a gradient magnetic field formed by a group of permanent magnets and a steady electromagnet which are disposed in parallel; the permanent magnets are circular magnets, the magnetic induction intensity of the permanent magnets is 0.99 T, and the width of the permanent magnets in the travel direction of the blank of metal wire or rod (i.e., the width of action zone) is 0.50 m; the steady electromagnet is an annular DC superconducting magnet, the magnetic induction intensity thereof is 1.0 T, the central axes of the permanent magnets and the central axis of the steady electromagnet are in the same line as the central axis of the blank of metal wire or rod, and the width of the steady electromagnet in the travel direction of the blank of metal wire or rod (i.e., the width of action zone) is 0.1 m; the copper wire in 1.2 mm diameter is drawn into a fine copper wire in 0.1 mm diameter in the second pass of drawing; in this process, the copper wire is treated in a magnetic field formed by a group of circular permanent magnets before drawing; the magnetic induction intensity of the permanent magnets is 0.50 T, the width of the permanent magnets in the travel direction of the blank of metal wire or rod (i.e., the width of action zone) is 0.5 m, and the longitudinal center line of the copper wire is in the same line as the center lines of the circular magnets; the copper wire in 0.1 mm diameter is drawn into a super-fine copper wire in 0.02 mm diameter in the third pass of drawing; in this process, the copper wire is treated in a magnetic field formed by a group of circular permanent magnets before drawing; the magnetic induction intensity of the permanent magnets is 0.31 T, the width of the permanent magnets in the travel direction of the blank of metal wire or rod (i.e., the width of action zone) is 0.51 m, and the longitudinal center line of the copper wire is in the same line as the center lines of the circular magnets.

(13) On a premise that all other processing conditions are the same, it can been seen by comparing the method in which a magnetic field described in the present invention is applied and a method in which the magnetic field is not applied that: with the method provided in the present invention, the extruding and drawing efficiency is improved; especially, a broken wire phenomenon in the drawing process is completely eliminated; in the process of extruding the round blank into a wire, the surface smoothness of the obtained wire is improved, any burr, chamfer or tiny crack of the material is completely eliminated, and the dimension accuracy of the finished product is improved, in addition, with the method provided in the present invention, only a non-contact external field has to be applied on the conveying roller track and in the drawing process, and the continuousness of the original production process is not affected. The method provided in the present invention is safe and simple.

Example 3: Extrusion of a Magnesium Alloy Rod

(14) A deformation magnesium alloy cast ingot in 200 mm diameter is preheated to 350 C. and then placed on a conveying roller track where a static magnetic field is applied, an extrusion mold is preheated to 350 C., and the magnesium alloy cast ingot is extruded by the metal extruder into a rod in 10 mm diameter, wherein, the extrusion temperature is 380 C., the extrusion speed is 0.5 m/min, and the extrusion ratios in two passes are 10:1 and 2:1 respectively; the static magnetic field disposed for the first pass of extrusion is a gradient magnetic field formed by three groups of circular permanent magnets and a group of steady electromagnets that are disposed in parallel, wherein, the magnetic induction intensity of the first group of permanent magnets is 0.20 T, and the width of the first group of permanent magnets in the travel direction of the blank of metal wire or rod (i.e., the width of action zone) is 0.20 m; the magnetic induction intensity of the second group of permanent magnets is 0.40 T, and the width of the second group of permanent magnets in the travel direction of the blank of metal wire or rod (i.e., the width of action zone) is 0.20 m; the magnetic induction intensity of the third group of permanent magnets is 0.65 T, and the width of the third group of permanent magnets in the travel direction of the blank of metal wire or rod (i.e., the width of action zone) is 0.20 m; the center lines of the three groups of circular magnets are in the same line as the longitudinal center line of the magnesium alloy cast ingot; the steady electromagnet is an annular DC superconducting magnet, the magnetic induction intensity thereof is 1.20 T, the central axis thereof is in the same line as the central axis of the blank of metal wire or rod, and the width thereof in the travel direction of the blank of metal wire or rod (i.e., the width of action zone) is 0.20 m; the static magnetic field disposed for the second pass of extrusion is a gradient magnetic field formed by a group of circular permanent magnets and a steady electromagnet that are disposed in parallel, wherein, the magnetic induction intensity of the permanent magnets is 0.80 T, and the width of the permanent magnets in the travel direction of the blank of metal wire or rod (i.e., the width of action zone) is 0.5 m; the steady electromagnet used before the second pass of extrusion is an annular DC superconducting magnet, the magnetic induction intensity thereof is 1.60 T, the central axis thereof is in the same line as the central axis of the blank of metal wire or rod, and the width thereof in the travel direction of the blank of metal wire or rod (i.e., the width of action zone) is 0.20 m.

(15) By comparing tensile properties at normal temperature of the above-mentioned rod obtained by extrusion and a rod obtained by extrusion from the same raw material with the same extrusion parameters but without applying a magnetic field, it can been seen that: with the method provided in the present invention, the tensile properties of the material are better, including: elongation at break =25.6%, tensile strength .sub.b=284.3 MPa, yield strength .sub.0.2=187.5 MPa; in contrast, with the other method, the tensile properties of the material are: elongation at break =22.6%, tensile strength .sub.b=264.9 MPa, and yield strength .sub.0.2=177.1 MPa. Besides, in terms of the appearance of the material, the magnesium alloy rod obtained with the method provided in the present invention has better surface smoothness, and has no burr or tiny crack which indicates that the method provided in the present invention can improve the appearance quality and properties of the extruded rod.