Oscillating primer feed system for reloading ammunition cartridges

Abstract

A primer feed system, includes a feed bowl having a first end and a second end, an oscillation mechanism coupled to the feed bowl for imparting an oscillating movement to the feed bowl, and a feed ramp coupled to the second end of the feed bowl for supplying primers from the feed bowl to a cartridge reloading device, and at least one primer position sensor positioned adjacent the feed ramp, wherein the primer position sensor senses orientation of primers in the feed ramp.

Claims

1. A primer feed system, comprising: a feed bowl having a first end and a second end and a left side and a right side, the feed bowl having a lower planar surface and a sidewall extending around the first end, left side, second end and right side, and a longitudinal axis, and a plurality of spaced part ribs extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the feed bowl, and one or more deflectors extending transversely from the sidewall and angled toward the second end of the feed bowl and having a length which is less than a width of the bowl; the first end of the feed bowl being higher than the second end of the first end whereby the feed bowl is inclined at an angle from the first end to the second end; an oscillation mechanism coupled to the feed bowl for imparting an oscillating movement to the feed bowl which is generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the feed bowl; an inclined feed ramp extending from the second end of the feed bowl; at least one primer position sensor positioned adjacent the feed ramp, wherein the primer position sensor senses orientation of primers in the feed ramp.

2. The primer feed system of claim 1, whereby oscillating movement of the feed bowl causes incorrectly-oriented primers provided in the feed bowl to tumble between the ribs and flip to a correct orientation.

3. The primer feed system of claim 1, wherein if the primer position sensor senses an improperly oriented primer the primer position sensor generates a signal which is different from a signal generated by the primer position sensor when a properly oriented primer is sensed by the primer position sensor.

4. The primer feed system of claim 1, further comprising at least one primer load sensor positioned adjacent the feed ramp for sensing primers in the feed ramp.

5. The primer feed system of claim 4, wherein the oscillation mechanism is activated if a primer load sensor does not sense a primer in the feed ramp.

6. The primer feed system of claim 4, wherein the oscillation mechanism is stopped if a primer load sensor senses a primer in the feed ramp.

7. The primer feed system of claim 1, wherein the oscillation mechanism comprises: an electric motor having a driveshaft; and a slider-crank mechanism including an annular hub connected to the driveshaft of the electric motor, a motor hinge pin extending from the annular hub, a bowl hinge pin extending from the feed bowl, and a linkage having apertures at each end thereof attached to the motor hinge pin and the bowl hinge pin.

8. The primer feed system of 7 further comprising one or more slotted connectors and mating linear rails located below the feed bowl, whereby the feed bowl oscillates during sliding movement of the slotted connectors with the mating linear rails.

9. The primer feed system of claim 8, wherein: the feed bowl has one or more slotted connectors affixed to a bottom surface thereof with the slot thereof extending generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the feed bowl; one or more linear rails are located below the feed bowl with the slotted connector mounted thereon; whereby when the oscillation mechanism is activated, the feed bowl oscillates, and the slotted connectors slide on the linear rails.

10. The primer feed system of claim 1, wherein the feed bowl is inclined from the first end to the second end at an angle of between 1 to 10 degrees relative to a horizontal plane.

11. The primer feed system of claim 10, wherein the feed bowl is inclined from the first end to the second end at an angle of 5 degrees.

12. The primer feed system of claim 10, wherein feed ramp is inclined at an angle of between 20 degrees to 40 degrees.

13. The primer feed system of claim 4, further comprising a shutdown signal generator triggered by an improper primer position signal received from the primer position sensor.

14. The primer feed system of claim 1, wherein the ribs in the feed bowl have a width of between 0.015 inch to 0.03 inch and a distance between the centers of adjacent ribs of 0.05 inch to 0.125 inch.

15. The primer feed system of claim 14, wherein the ribs in the feed bowl have a width of 0.02 inch and a distance between the centers of adjacent ribs of 0.07 inch.

16. A primer feed system, comprising: a feed bowl having a first end and a second end and a left side and a right side, the feed bowl having a lower planar surface and a sidewall extending around the first end, left side, second end and right side, and a longitudinal axis, and a plurality of spaced part ribs extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the feed bowl, and one or more deflectors extending transversely from the sidewall and angled toward the second end of the feed bowl and having a length which is less than a width of the bowl; the first end of the feed bowl being higher than the second end of the first end whereby the feed bowl is inclined at an angle from the first end to the second end at an angle of between 1 to 10 degrees; an oscillation mechanism coupled to the feed bowl for imparting an oscillating movement to the feed bowl which is generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the feed bowl; whereby oscillating movement of the feed bowl causes incorrectly-oriented primers provided in the feed bowl to tumble between the ribs and flip to a correct orientation; an inclined feed ramp extending from the second end of the feed bowl; at least one primer position sensor positioned adjacent the feed ramp, wherein the primer position sensor senses orientation of primers in the feed ramp; at least one primer load sensor positioned adjacent the feed ramp for sensing primers in the feed ramp, wherein the oscillation mechanism is activated if a primer load sensor does not sense a primer in the feed ramp, and the oscillation mechanism is stopped if a primer load sensor senses a primer in the feed ramp.

17. The primer feed system of claim 16, wherein the oscillation mechanism comprises: an electric motor having a driveshaft; and a slider-crank mechanism including an annular hub connected to the driveshaft of the electric motor, a motor hinge pin extending from the annular hub, a bowl hinge pin extending from the feed bowl, and a linkage having apertures at each end thereof attached to the motor hinge pin and the bowl hinge pin.

18. The primer feed system of 17 further comprising one or more slotted connectors and mating linear rails located below the feed bowl, whereby the feed bowl oscillates during sliding movement of the slotted connectors with the mating linear rails.

19. The primer feed system of claim 18, wherein: the feed bowl has one or more slotted connectors affixed to a bottom surface thereof with the slot thereof extending generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the feed bowl; one or more linear rails are located below the feed bowl with the slotted connector mounted thereon; whereby when the oscillation mechanism is activated, the feed bowl oscillates, and the slotted connectors slide on the linear rails.

20. The primer feed system of claim 17, wherein the feed bowl is inclined from the first end to the second end at an angle of 5 degrees.

21. The primer feed system of claim 19, wherein feed ramp is inclined at an angle of between 20 degrees to 40 degrees.

22. The primer feed system of claim 16, wherein if the primer position sensor senses an improperly oriented primer the primer position sensor generates an improper primer position signal, thereby activating a shutdown signal.

23. The primer feed system of claim 16, having two primer load sensors, a first primer load sensor nearer an end of the inclined feed ramp for activating the oscillation mechanism if the first primer load sensor does not sense a primer in the feed ramp, and a second primer load sensor nearer an entrance of the inclined feed ramp for stopping the oscillation mechanism if the second primer load sensor senses a primer in the feed ramp.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is top view of the oscillating feed system according to exemplifying embodiments of the present technology.

(2) FIG. 2 is a side view of the oscillating feed system according to exemplifying embodiments of the present technology depicted in FIG. 1.

(3) FIG. 3A is a perspective view of the oscillation mechanism according to exemplifying embodiments of the present technology depicted in FIG. 1.

(4) FIG. 3B is a top plan view of the oscillation mechanism according to exemplifying embodiments of the present technology depicted in FIG. 3A.

(5) FIG. 3C is a side view of the oscillation mechanism according to exemplifying embodiments of the present technology depicted in FIG. 3A.

(6) FIG. 4 is a top perspective view of the primer feed bowl according to exemplifying embodiments of the present technology depicted in FIG. 1.

(7) FIG. 5A is a top view of the primer feed bowl according to exemplifying embodiments of the present technology depicted in FIG. 4.

(8) FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view of the primer feed bowl according to exemplifying embodiments of the present technology depicted in FIG. 5A, taken along the line A-A.

(9) FIG. 5C is an enlarged view of area labeled B of the primer feed bowl according to exemplifying embodiments of the present technology depicted in FIG. 5B.

(10) FIG. 5D is a side view of the primer feed bowl according to exemplifying embodiments of the present technology depicted in FIG. 4, showing movement of the primers through the feed bowl.

(11) FIG. 6A illustrates a typical cartridge with a primer used in the system according to exemplifying embodiments of the present technology depicted in FIG. 1.

(12) FIG. 6B is a side view of the primer depicted in FIG. 6B.

(13) FIG. 7 is an enlarged partial view of the feed bowl and the feed ramp according to exemplifying embodiments of the present technology depicted in FIG. 1, showing details of the feed mouth.

(14) FIG. 8 is a side view of the feed ramp according to exemplifying embodiments of the present technology depicted in FIG. 1.

(15) FIG. 9A is an enlarged partial view of the feed ramp depicted in FIG. 8, showing details of the primer position sensor.

(16) FIGS. 9B and 9C are enlarged partial views of the primer position sensor depicted in FIG. 9A.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(17) The following detailed description illustrates the technology by way of example, not by way of limitation of the principles of the invention. This description will enable one skilled in the art to make and use the technology, and describes several embodiments, adaptations, variations, alternatives and uses of the invention, including what is presently believed to be the best mode of carrying out the invention. One skilled in the art will recognize alternative variations and arrangements, and the present technology is not limited to those embodiments described hereafter.

(18) Referring to the figures in detail and first to FIG. 1, illustrated is an exemplary embodiment of an oscillating primer feed system (10) of the present invention. The system (10) generally includes an oscillating feed bowl (12) connected to a feed ramp (14), which can deliver primers to a feed mechanism (16) that supplies primers to a reloading press. New primers are placed into the oscillating feed bowl (12) in a primer loading area (18). The primers travel down to the other end of the bowl (12) and are fed into a feed ramp (14), from which the primers are moved to the feed mechanism (16) that supplies the primers to a reloading press, where they are inserted into casings. It is noted that the oscillating primer feed system (10) of the present invention can be used with any kind of reloading press or casing press known in the art, including but not limited to a progressive press.

(19) FIG. 2 illustrates a side view of the oscillating primer feed system shown in FIG. 1. As shown in this figure, the oscillating feed bowl (12) is inclined at an angle relative to horizontal, with a second end (12b) adjacent the feed ramp (14) being positioned lower than a first end (12a) adjacent the primer loading area (18). Any suitable incline angle may be used in accordance with the present invention. In one exemplary embodiment, the oscillating feed bowl (12) is positioned at an incline of between about 1 to about 10 degrees relative to a horizontal surface. Preferably, the incline of the oscillating feed bowl (12) relative to a horizontal surface is about 5 degrees. The incline of the feed bowl (12) facilitates movement of the primers from the loading area (18) to the feed ramp (14).

(20) As further shown in FIG. 2, the feed ramp (14) is also positioned at an incline, wherein a first end (14a) adjacent the feed bowl (12) is positioned higher than a second end (14b) adjacent the feed mechanism (16). The incline of the feed ramp (14) facilitates further movement of the primers from the feed bowl (12) down the feed ramp (14) and into the feed mechanism (16). In some embodiments, the incline of the feed ramp (14) is steeper than the incline of the feed bowl (12). In additional embodiments, the incline of the feed ramp (14) is about 20 degrees to 40 degrees. In further exemplary embodiments, the incline of the feed ramp (14) is about 30 degrees.

(21) The feed system (10) further includes an oscillation mechanism (20) positioned underneath the oscillating feed bowl (12), as shown in FIG. 2. The oscillation mechanism (20) is coupled to the bottom of the feed bowl (12). The oscillation mechanism (20) functions to oscillate the feed bowl (12) to further facilitate the movement of the primers through the feed system (10) and also to properly position the primer as they travel through the system, as discussed in more detail below.

(22) Referring next to FIGS. 3A-3C, an exemplary embodiment of the oscillation mechanism (20) is illustrated.

(23) Two mounting platforms (22) are attached to the bottom of the feed bowl (12), as shown in FIG. 2, and provide for a coupling between the bowl (12). The mounting platforms (22) are each coupled to a slotted connector (24) positioned underneath each of the platforms (22). The slots in the slotted connectors (24) are in turn mounted to linear rails (26) mounted on carriage (28). The slotted connectors (24) slide on the linear rails (26) to provide for a back-and-forth oscillating movement of the feed bowl (12) in the direction indicated as X in FIG. 1 when driven by the motor (30) as further discussed below.

(24) The motor (30) is a DC motor of any suitable type known in the art. The motor preferably has an adjustable speed, which in one exemplary embodiment is between about 30 RPM to about 400 RPM, which translates to about 30 to 400 oscillations per minute. Desirably the motor provides about 120 RPM. The motor speed is adjustable either manually or automatically based on a size of primers being fed into the system (10). For example, if larger size primers are being used with the system (10), the motor can be adjusted to a faster speed to better facilitate the movement of the primers through the system. Other motor speeds may also be used with the system of the present invention if desired, depending on size and type of primers, as well as efficiency and speed of the feed system.

(25) The motor (30) is coupled to a slider-crank mechanism that translates circular motion of the motor to reciprocating movement of the feed bowl 12. An annular hub (32) is mounted to the drive shaft of motor (30). A hinge pin (34) extends upwardly from the annular hub (32). Hinge pin (34), as seen in FIGS. 3A-3C, may optionally be in the form of a bolt or carriage bolt that is threaded into a mating threaded aperture in the annular hub (32). A linkage (36) having apertures at each end is mounted to hinge pin (34), with the hinge pin (34) received in an aperture at one end of the linkage (36). The aperture at the other end of linkage (36) is mounted to another hinge pin (38) which extends downwardly from the feed bowl (12). Hinge pin (38), as seen in FIGS. 3A-3C, may optionally be in the form of a bolt or carriage bolt that is threaded into the aperture of a mating threaded mounting block in the bottom of feed bowl (12).

(26) When motor (30) is operated, it rotates the annular hub (32), which in turn moves hinge pin (34) in a circular path. This circular path movement is translated into reciprocating movement of the linkage (36) thereby providing oscillating movement of the feed bowl (12). When reciprocating movement of the linkage (36) is activated and the feed bowl (12) oscillates, the slotted connectors (24) slide on the linear rails (26).

(27) It is noted that other suitable types of motors and oscillation mechanism components known to those skilled in the art may be utilized in accordance with the present invention.

(28) Referring next to FIG. 4, an exemplary embodiment of the feed bowl (12) according to the present invention is illustrated. The feed bowl (12) has a substantially planar lower surface (41) having a plurality of ribs (42) extending parallel to each other and to a longitudinal axis of the feed bowl and a sidewall (50) surrounding the lower surface (41). Preferably, the ribs extend from the first end (12a) to the second end (12b) of the bowl, with exception of the collection area (46) adjacent the feed mouth (48) leading to the feed ramp (14). The plurality of ribs (42) assist in positioning the primers in a correct orientation, as described in more detail below. The feed bowl (12) sidewall (50) extends along the perimeter of the bowl to prevent primers from falling off the bowl during their movement towards the feed ramp (14)

(29) The feed bowl (12) further includes a plurality of deflectors (44) positioned along the length of the bowl. The deflectors (44) extend across the feed bowl, extending from the sidewalls (50) nearly perpendicular to the plurality of ribs (42) but angled toward the second end (12b) of the bowl. The length of each deflector (44) is less than the width of the bowl (12) such that there is room for primers to move past each deflector and down the bowl towards the feed ramp (14). The deflectors extend from the sidewalls (50) of the feed bowl in an alternating fashion, as shown in FIG. 5A. This way, the primers that are placed in the bowl in the primer loading area (18) travel to the opposite end of the bowl through a serpentine pathway created by the deflectors (44). The deflectors (44) function to direct the movement of the primers through the feed bowl to allow for the ribs (42) to act on the primers to correctly orient them. It is noted that the number, shape and positioning of the deflectors shown in FIG. 4 is only exemplary and that different number, shape and positioning of the deflectors may be used in accordance with the present invention. In one exemplary embodiment, a height of the sidewall (50) is substantially the same as a height of the deflectors (44).

(30) FIGS. 5A-5D illustrate further details of the feed bowl (12). As seen in FIG. 5A and a cross-sectional view in FIG. 5C, the ribs (42) are substantially linear and extend parallel to the longitudinal axis of the feed bowl. A width of each rib, as well as a distance between adjacent ribs, can be adjusted based on a particular size of primers being used with the feed system to allow for maximum effectiveness and efficiency of the system. In one exemplary embodiment, the ribs the width of each rib (42) is about 0.015 inch to about 0.03 inch (preferably about 0.02 inch) and the distance between the centers of adjacent ribs is greater than the width of each rib but less than the diameter of the primerpreferably about 0.05 inch to about 0.125 inch (and most preferably about 0.07 inch). The height of the ribs (42) is about 0.01 inch. The ribs preferably have a generally rectangular cross-section but may have other cross-sectional shapes sufficient to provide for reorientation of primers as described hereafter.

(31) FIG. 5D illustrates motion of the primers as they travel along the feed bowl (12). A typical primer usually has two sidesan example of a primer (54) is illustrated in FIG. 6B. The primer (54) includes a top side (58), which has a sharp edge, and a bottom side (60), which has a curved edge. Main mass (62) of the primer (54) is located adjacent the bottom side (60). As shown in FIG. 6A, when the primer (54) is inserted into a cartridge (56), the top side (58) of the primer is inserted first. Therefore, before primers are fed to a press, where they are inserted into casings, it is desirable to have all primers positioned with their top side facing up such that they can be properly inserted into the cartridges. The objective of the feed system of the present invention is to position the primers (54) with their top side up as they exit the feed bowl (12) and travel through the feed ramp (14) to the feed mechanism (16) that supplies the primers to a reloading press.

(32) Referring back to FIG. 5D, when the primers (54) travel along the feed bowl (12), which is being oscillated, the primers (54) flip from their top side to the bottom side and vice versa. The oscillating motion of the bowl in a direction substantially perpendicular to longitudinal axes of the ribs (referenced by Y in FIG. 5D) causes the primers to tumble between the ribs (42) and flip to a correct orientation. When a primer is in an upside-down positionwith the bottom side (60) pointing upthe primer will catch a rib (42) with the sharp edge, forcing the primer to tumble and flip. Once the primer is positioned with its bottom side (60) pointing down, it will most likely stay in that orientation as it travels down the feed bowl, because there is no sharp edge on the bottom side to catch on the ribs.

(33) As shown in FIG. 5A, the second end (12b) of the feed bowl (12) has a curved wall area (52). This is provided to facilitate the movement of the primers around the last deflector (44) and into the no-ribs area (46) downstream from the curved wall area (52) and to the opening (66) that leads to the upper end (14a) of feed ramp (14). The no-ribs area (46) has a smooth surface which prevents the primers from further flipping, once they are positioned in the correct orientation with the bottom side pointing down, before they enter the feed ramp (14).

(34) FIGS. 1 and 7 illustrate details of the transition of the feed bowl (12) to the feed ramp (14). An opening (66) is provided in the sidewalls (64) of the feed bowl. Preferably, the sidewalls (64) taper inwardly in the direction of the feed ramp to create a funnel that directs the primers from the feed bowl (12) to the opening (66). Immediately adjacent opening (66) is the upper end (14a) of feed ramp (14). The opening (66) has a width that is selected to pass a primer through the opening (66). In general, the width of the opening (66) will be a minimum of a primer diameter plus two times a standard manufacturing deviation, or more preferably, about 1.05 to about 1.25 times the primer diameter. It is noted that a larger width opening (66) may still be used with smaller size primers. In additional exemplary embodiments, the width of the opening (66) may be adjustable depending on the primer size.

(35) The upper end (14a) of the feed ramp (14) has a width at its open end that is wider than opening (66). The width of the upper end (14a) of the feed ramp is sufficiently wide so that as the feed bowl (12) oscillates the opening (66) will always be adjacent a portion of the upper end (14a) of the feed ramp (14) and therefore able to release primers from the feed bowl (12) to the upper end (14a) of the feed ramp (14). The width of the upper end (14a) of the feed ramp (14) is tapered from its widest area at the open end adjacent the opening (66) to a narrower chute (14c) so as to funnel primers received in the upper end (14a) of the feed ramp (14) into the chute (14c). Chute (14c) has a width that is greater than the primer diameter. Preferably, the chute (14c) has a minimum width which is a primer diameter plus two times a standard manufacturing deviation, or more preferably, about 1.05 times to about 1.35 times the primer diameter.

(36) Referring next to FIG. 8, the feed ramp (14) is shown in more detail. The feed ramp includes a first primer load sensor (72) and a second primer load sensor (70) positioned downstream from the first primer load sensor in the chute (14c). The sensors (72, 70) function to detect a presence of primers in the feed ramp (14). Many kinds of sensors are known in the art and may be used in the system of the present invention. In one exemplary embodiment, optical sensors are used as the primer load sensors (72, 70). A typical optical sensor sends a ray of light into an object and generates a signal when the light ray is deflected or interrupted by an object.

(37) Each of the sensors (72, 70) detect presence of primers at that particular location in the feed ramp (14) and generate a signal corresponding to whether primers are detected or not. A positive detection signal from the first primer load sensor (72) indicates that there is a sufficient number of primers in the feed ramp, which in turn signals the system to stop the oscillation mechanism and thus stop the primer feed into the ramp. A negative detection signal from the second primer load sensor (70) indicates low primer count in the feed ramp (14), which signals to the system operate the oscillation mechanism and thereby resume feeding the primers into the feed ramp. The sensors (72, 70) can either continuously monitor the presence of primers in the feed ramp or monitor in certain intervals of time.

(38) The positioning of the first and second primer load sensors (72, 70) is chosen depending on the desirable high and low amount of primers in the feed ramp. For example, if the first sensor (72) is positioned closer to the first end (14a) of the feed ramp, the system will allow for a higher number of primers in the feed ramp before shutting off the primer feed. On the other hand, if the second sensor (70) is positioned closer to the second end (14b) of the feed ramp, the system will allow before resuming the primer feed.

(39) The feed ramp further includes a primer position sensor (68), preferably placed downstream from the second primer load sensor (70) in the direction of the second end (14b) of the feed ramp. The primer position sensor (68) functions to sense whether primers in the feed ramp (14) are positioned in the correct top side-up orientation. FIGS. 9A-9C illustrate operation of the primer position sensor in more detail. The primer position sensor (68) is placed adjacent the second end (14B) of the feed ramp (14). The sensor (68) determines the positioning of each primer (54) as it passes underneath the sensor and before it enters the feed mechanism (16).

(40) Preferably, the primer position sensor (68) is an inductive proximity sensor, which operates by using electromagnetic induction to detect metal objects in a non-contact way. In particular, as shown in FIG. 6B, primers typically contain main mass adjacent the bottom side (60) of the primer. Thus, the bottom portion of the primer contains the most metallic material. An inductor contained in the primer position sensor (68) develops a magnetic field when a current flows through it. This generated magnetic field interacts with a target object, in this case a primer, which acts as a conductor due to its metallic properties. This interaction is recorded by the sensor, which outputs a signal based on the magnitude of the interaction.

(41) When the primers (54) are correctly oriented with their top side (58) facing up, as shown in FIG. 9B, there is no metallic face to sense and the primer position sensor (68) provides an appropriate output signaling that.

(42) In other instances, as shown in FIG. 9C, when a primer is positioned in a wrong orientation with its bottom side (60) facing up, the sensor (68) senses a metallic face of the primer. This causes the sensor (68) to generate an output signal that causes one or more of (i) a system alarm alerting a user of an incorrectly positioned primer, and (ii) an automatic shutoff of one or more of the primer feed system (10), the feed mechanism (16), and the associated reloading press.

(43) A distance between a bottom surface of the primer position sensor (68) and the top surface of the primers (54) is such that it can accommodate various sizes of primers used with the system. In some embodiments, the distance between the primer position sensor (68) and the primers (54) is adjustable, either manually or automatically, based on a size of primers used with the system. It is noted that other types of object detection sensors may be used as the primer position sensor (68) in accordance with the present invention.

(44) In one embodiment, if the primer position sensor (68) senses an improperly oriented primer the primer position sensor (68) generates a signal which is different from a signal generated by the primer position sensor (68) when a properly oriented primer is sensed by the primer position sensor (68).

(45) In one embodiment, the sensor (68) generate an output signal that triggers a system alarm alerting a user of the incorrectly positioned primer, and the user can manually shut down the primer feed system.

(46) In another embodiment, the sensor (68) generate an output signal that automatically shuts down one or more of the primer feed system (10), the feed mechanism (16), and the associated reloading press.

(47) Accordingly, the primer feed system of the present invention ensures that all primers fed into the cartridge press through the feed mechanism (16) are in a correct orientation to be inserted into cartridges.

(48) While the present technology has been described with reference to particular embodiments and arrangements of parts, features, and the like, the present technology is not limited to these embodiments or arrangements. Indeed, many modifications and variations will be ascertainable to those of skill in the art, all of which are inferentially included in these teachings.