Elevator system and method for constructing such an elevator system

Abstract

An elevator system arranged in an elevator shaft of a building in the construction phase grows with the building using a lifting process. The system includes a machine platform with an elevator drive machine and an elevator car suspended on the machine platform by a carrier. The elevator car is raised during the lifting process by a lifting device. The elevator system also includes an assembly platform that can be mechanically moved in relation to the machine platform along the elevator shaft. The lifting device includes a drive arranged on the machine platform and is also used to move the assembly platform.

Claims

1. An elevator system arranged in an elevator shaft of a building in a construction phase, the elevator system growing with an increasing height of the building by using at least one lifting process, comprising: a machine platform including an elevator drive machine; an elevator car suspended on the machine platform by a bearing means, wherein the machine platform and elevator car can be raised in the elevator shaft during the at least one lifting process; a lifting device for raising the machine platform and the elevator car suspended on the machine platform; an assembly platform that can be mechanically moved relative to the machine platform along a portion of the elevator shaft; and wherein the lifting device includes a drive arranged on the machine platform and connected to the assembly platform for moving the assembly platform in the elevator shaft.

2. The elevator system according to claim 1 where in the drive of the lifting device is a continuous cable winch.

3. The elevator system according to claim 1 wherein the machine platform has adjustable support means for temporarily immovably supporting the machine platform in the elevator shaft.

4. The elevator system according to claim 1 wherein the assembly platform is arranged, until an end of its use in the elevator system, between the machine platform and a protective platform in the elevator shaft, the protective platform being a bearing structure supporting the raising of the machine platform and the assembly platform by the lifting device.

5. The elevator system according to claim 1 wherein the lifting device has a connecting hook for releasably connecting the lifting device to the machine platform or to the assembly platform.

6. The elevator system according to claim 5 wherein the lifting device includes a block and tackle having a reeving greater when the machine platform is being raised than when the assembly platform is being held and adjusted.

7. The elevator system according to claim 5 wherein the lifting device includes a block and tackle having a stationary roller block, a free roller block and a block and tackle cable, the connecting hook being on the free roller block.

8. The elevator system according to claim 7 wherein the stationary roller block is immovably fastened to a protective platform arranged in or above the elevator shaft, the protective platform being a bearing structure.

9. The elevator system according to claim 7 wherein the stationary roller block includes a roller, a cable line of the block and tackle cable extending from the roller to the drive of the lifting device that is arranged on the machine platform.

10. The elevator system according to claim 7 including a cable reservoir for the block and tackle cable arranged on the machine platform.

11. The elevator system according to claim 7 wherein at least one portion of the block and tackle cable that extends between the stationary roller block and the free roller block and/or a portion of the block and tackle cable that extends between the stationary roller block and the drive of the lifting device is guided through an opening in a base of the assembly platform when the machine platform is suspended on the lifting device.

12. The elevator system according to claim 5 including a ring into which the connecting hook can be hooked is arranged on the machine platform, and/or a ring into which the connecting hook can be hooked is arranged on the assembly platform.

13. The elevator system according to claim 1 including a protective roof arranged on and covering the machine platform above the elevator drive machine.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a partial schematic view of an elevator system growing with the increasing building height in an elevator shaft of a building, according to a first operating state.

(2) FIG. 2 shows the growing elevator system shown in FIG. 1 in a second operating state in order to explain the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(3) FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an elevator system 1 growing with the increasing building height in an elevator shaft 2 of a building 3, according to a first operating state. In this case, walls 4, 5 or wall structures 4, 5 of the building 3 are shown, between which the elevator shaft 2 is provided. In this case the walls 4, 5 grow in height in accordance with the vertical growth of the building 3 while the building 3 is being erected. Floors 6, 7, 8 are also shown schematically. In this case, possibilities for supporting elements of the elevator system 1 are created on the floors 6, 7, 8. For example, a recess 6.1 is provided in the wall 4 opposite the floor 6. Correspondingly, recesses 7.1, 8.1 are provided in the wall 4 opposite the floors 7, 8. However, the possibility for supporting elements of the elevator system 1 can also be provided between the floors 6, 7, 8, for example by corresponding recesses in the walls 4, 5. In one modified embodiment, supports can also be produced in other ways. For example, fastenings to the walls 4, 5 are also conceivable, in which fastenings the walls 4, 5 remain closed.

(4) The growing elevator system 1 comprises a machine platform 10 provided with a preferably accessible protective roof 11, on which machine platform an elevator car 20 and a counterweight 22 are suspended by means of bearing means 19. The machine platform 10 is temporarily immovably positioned in the elevator shaft 2 by means of retractable and extendable support means 42, 43 which are parts of the machine platform 10.

(5) An elevator drive machine 16 is arranged on the machine platform 10 and comprises a traction sheave 17. A deflection roller 18 is also arranged on the machine platform 10. Bearing means 19 are guided over the traction sheave 17 and extend out of one side of the traction sheave downwards to a deflection roller 21 arranged on the elevator car 20, loop around this deflection roller and subsequently extend upwards to cable fixing points 24 present on the machine platform 10. The bearing means 19 first run out of the other side of the traction sheave toward a deflection roller 18, extend out of this deflection roller downwards to a deflection roller 23 arranged on the counterweight 22, loop around this deflection roller and subsequently extend upwards to second cable fixing points 25 present on the machine platform 10. In so doing, the elevator car 20 and the counterweight 22 are suspended on the machine platform 10 and thus in the elevator shaft 2, and are driven by the elevator drive machine 16 via the traction sheave 17 and the bearing means 19.

(6) For simplification, a situation is shown in which the ends of the bearing means 19 are rigidly connected to the machine platform 10 at cable fixing points 24, 25. However, a suitable mechanism can be provided for supplying additional bearing means 19 out of a bearing means reservoir at one of these points when a greater usable height of the elevator shaft 2 is available for the elevator car 20 after a lifting process.

(7) The elevator system 1 also comprises an assembly platform 40. This is used as a work platform for assembly staff and as a means for transporting elevator components which are to be mounted. Before each lifting process, i.e. before the machine platform is raised to a higher building level, guide rails 50 for the machine platform 10, for the elevator car 20 and for the counterweight 22 are attached to the walls 4, 5 of the elevator shaft 2 above the machine platform from the assembly platform 40.

(8) The growing elevator system 1 also comprises a protective platform 12 that is designed as a bearing structure and largely covers the elevator shaft 2. The protective platform 12 is temporarily positioned and supported above the machine platform 10 in or over the elevator shaft 2. On account of the protective platform 12 that is designed as a bearing structure, the lower elevator shaft part 14 that is below the protective platform is protected from materials or objects falling onto the region of the elevator shaft, which materials or objects can in particular come from construction activity on the growing building. An upper elevator shaft part 15 of the elevator shaft 2 that is above the protective platform can be open at the top while the building 3 is being erected, and in principle there is therefore a danger of falling objects. In a situation of this kind, the protective platform 12 allows work to be carried out in the lower elevator shaft part 14 of the elevator shaft 2.

(9) In addition to its protective function, the protective platform 12 that is designed as a bearing structure is also used as a bearing element on which a lifting device 30 can be temporarily immovably fastened or suspended in the elevator shaft 2. Since the protective platform 12 is at least temporarily immovably arranged in or over the elevator shaft 2, the stationary parts of the lifting device 30 are therefore also temporarily fixed in the elevator shaft 2.

(10) The lifting device 30 is used both to lift and lower the assembly platform 40 and to carry out a lifting process, i.e. to raise the machine platform 10 together with the elevator car and the counterweight to a higher building level that corresponds to the construction progress. In the operating state shown in FIG. 1, the protective platform 12 designed as a bearing structure is located one floor above the floor 7, i.e. on the floor 8. The relatively light protective platform 12, which is raised to a suitable new height by a construction crane and supported there before the beginning of each lifting process, could also be positioned at a greater vertical distance, optionally limited by the lifting device 30, above the machine platform 10, for example at a distance which corresponds to several distances between floors. The assembly platform 40 is arranged above the machine platform 10, the assembly platform 40 being suspended on a connecting hook 38 of the lifting device 30. After preparatory works have been carried out, in particular after guide rails have been attached to the walls 4, 5 of the elevator shaft above the machine platform as required, and after the connecting hook 38 of the lifting device 30 has been transferred from the assembly platform 40 to the machine platform 10, the lifting process described above can be carried out from the operating state shown in FIG. 1.

(11) In the embodiment shown, the lifting device 30 comprises a block and tackle 31. An upper stationary roller block 33 of the block and tackle is arranged in the lower part 14 of the elevator shaft 2 below the protective platform 12 that is designed as a bearing structure, and is fastened thereto. A lower free roller block 35 is suspended on two strands of the block and tackle cable 32 and carries, on the lower end thereof, the connecting hook 38 by means of which the assembly platform 40 or the machine platform 10 can optionally be coupled to the lifting device 30 and therefore raised or lowered.

(12) In the block and tackle 31, one end of a block and tackle cable 32 is fastened to a fixing point on the upper stationary roller block 33 connected to the protective platform 12. The block and tackle cable 32 extends downwards from this fixing point toward a roller 36 of the free roller block 35, loops around this roller, extends upwards to a roller 34 of the upper stationary roller block 33, loops around this roller and extends downwards to a drive 39 that is arranged on the machine platform 10 and drives the block and tackle cable 32, from which drive the block and tackle cable 32 is guided into a cable reservoir 37.

(13) The drive 39 of the block and tackle 31 of the lifting device 30 is designed as a cable pull mechanism in the form of what is referred to as a continuous cable winch, in which, by means of a motor or by hand, the block and tackle cable 32, usually a wire cable, is pulled toward the continuous cable winch by means of drive elements pressed against the block and tackle cable and is ejected out of said mechanism again without the cable being wound in the continuous cable winch. In a lifting process, the block and tackle cable 32 is guided from the drive 39, which is designed as a continuous cable winch, to the cable reservoir 37 and wound there. In a lowering process, the drive 39 or the continuous cable winch causes the block and tackle cable 32 to be conveyed out of the cable reservoir 37 through the continuous cable winch toward the block and tackle 31. An automatic retracting mechanism is advantageously integrated in the cable reservoir 37. In the present embodiment, the drive 39 is arranged on the protective roof 11 of the machine platform 10, but could also be fastened to other points of the machine platform.

(14) By actuating the drive 39, the distance between the stationary roller block 33 and the free roller block 35 of the block and tackle 31 can be shortened or lengthened, i.e. the free roller block 35 comprising the connecting hook 38 is raised or lowered. The block and tackle 31 is designed such that the reeving is 2:1 when the assembly platform is being raised as shown in FIG. 1, and therefore the tensile force to be exerted on the block and tackle cable 32 by the drive 39 corresponds to approximately half of the lifting force to be applied by the block and tackle. In the operating state that is shown in the following in FIG. 2, the block and tackle 31 has reeving of 3:1 for raising the machine platform 10, i.e. such that the tensile force to be exerted on the block and tackle cable 32 by the drive 39 corresponds to approximately a third of the lifting force to be applied by the block and tackle.

(15) In order to connect the connecting hook 38 of the lifting device 30 to the machine platform 10 or to the assembly platform 40, a ring that is attached to each of the mentioned platforms is used in each case. According to the embodiment, a ring 44 is fastened to the protective roof 11 of the machine platform 10, and a ring 45 is integrated in the bearing construction of the assembly platform 40. In this case, the connecting hook 38 can be hooked into each one of the two rings 44, 45, and this can be carried out by assembly staff from the machine platform 10. The connecting hook 38 can also be correspondingly detached by assembly staff.

(16) In order to prepare a lifting process, the assembly platform 40 is preferably lowered onto the machine platform 10 and supported on said machine platform. However, the assembly platform could also, in the vicinity of the protective platform 12 that is designed as a bearing structure, be fixed to said platform or to the elevator shaft. The connecting hook 38 of the lifting device 30 is then transferred from the assembly platform 40 to the machine platform 10. The counterweight 22 can also be lowered in the elevator shaft 2 until it is supported on the base of the elevator shaft, for example on a suitable buffer. The elevator car 20 that is now in the vicinity of the machine platform 10 can be coupled to the machine platform 10 by means of a suitable additional means, for example a chain, such that the bearing means 19 is relieved. Once the lifting device 30 or the block and tackle 31 has raised the machine platform 10 sufficiently far that the supporting means 42, 43 of the machine platform 10 are relieved, the supporting means can be pulled into the machine platform.

(17) The machine platform 10, together with the elevator car 20 and optionally with the assembly platform 40 supported thereon, is subsequently raised to the intended level by the block and tackle 31 being correspondingly actuated or by the drive 39 of said block and tackle being activated. In this lifting process, the relieved bearing means of the elevator car 20 and of the counterweight 22 are expediently lengthened by the required amount of bearing means being supplied after the corresponding bearing means fixing points have been detached.

(18) For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the protective platform 12 that is designed as a bearing structure can be arranged two floors above the machine platform 10 at the beginning of a lifting process. In the lifting process, the machine platform 10 is raised by one floor. This therefore results in the situation shown in FIG. 2 when the lifting process has finished.

(19) In order to explain the invention, FIG. 2 shows the growing elevator system 1 shown in FIG. 1 in a second operating state. This shows a situation as is usually produced after a lifting process. By means of the lifting device 30 that is now coupled to the machine platform 10, the machine platform 10 can, together with the assembly platform 40 supported thereon and the elevator car 20 coupled to the machine platform, be raised to a higher building level that corresponds to the construction progress, and the extended support means 42, 43 of said machine platform are lowered onto provided support points, on the floor base 7 and the recesses 7.1. Once the bearing means 19 that carry the elevator car 20 and the counterweight 22 have been adapted to the now increased usable lifting height and fixed again, and certain components assigned to the newly accessed floors have been installed, the elevator system can resume normal operation and in the process serve a higher number of floors.

(20) If, as a result of the construction progress, a further lifting process is required, i.e. the machine platform 10 is required to be raised further, a new raising cycle can be started, with the protective platform 12 that is designed as a bearing structure first being raised by means of a construction crane, then the assembly platform 40 being coupled to the lifting device 30 as an additional assembly means, the guide rails 50 and other elevator components subsequently being mounted, from the assembly platform 40, in the gap between the raised protective platform 12 and the machine platform 10, and then the machine platform 10, together with the elevator car 20 suspended thereon and counterweight 22 suspended thereon, and optionally together with the assembly platform 40 supported thereon, being raised to and supported on its new temporary position by means of the same lifting device 30.

(21) FIG. 2 shows that, when the machine platform 10 is being raised, at least one cable of the lifting device 30, for example the strands of the block and tackle cable 32, is or are guided through at least one opening 41 present in the base of the assembly platform 40.

(22) The assembly platform 40 can be used by one or more assembly staff in order to carry out assembly works in the elevator shaft 2. In particular, these can be preparatory assembly works which are required at least in part for the next lifting process. In the following, an example of assembly work of this kind using a guide rail 50 is described by way of example.

(23) Proceeding from a situation as shown in FIG. 1, a guide rail 50 that is used as a counterweight guide rail can first be mounted up to a height h.sub.1. Corresponding guide rails can be provided for the machine platform 10 and the elevator car 20. The guide rail 50 is connected to the wall 4 of the building 3 by means of suitable fastening structures 51-53. The guide rails that extend up to the height h.sub.1 are in this case sufficient for operating the elevator system 1 in the situation shown.

(24) As can be seen from FIG. 1, further fastening structures 54-56 can be mounted in the elevator shaft 2. In this case, the fastening structure 54 can be fastened to the wall 4 from the protective roof 11 of the machine platform 10, for example. The adjustable assembly platform 40 also allows the fastening structure 54, as well as all fastening structures 55, 56 that are located higher up, to be fastened to the wall 4. The guide rail 50 can in this case be lengthened upwards in a stepwise manner. In this case FIG. 1 shows a situation in which the guide rail 50 is lengthened up to a height h.sub.2. This height h.sub.2 is in this case greater than the height h.sub.1 that had been present directly after the lifting process. The guide rail 50 can then be lengthened further at least to the height h.sub.3.

(25) It is obviously also possible to implement suitable modifications to the described assembly process. The assembly platform 40 can also be used to attach a plurality of fastening structures 55 to the wall 4, for example. Moreover, not only fastening structures 53 to 55 but also other elevator components such as safety devices, switching apparatuses, lights, electrical leads and in particular elevator doors to the floors can be mounted or installed at least in part from the assembly platform 40.

(26) The invention relates to a growing elevator system 1 which is erected in an elevator shaft 2 of a building 3 and grows by using at least one lifting process. It is possible to implement suitable modifications to the described embodiment in this case. In particular, the invention is not limited to the described embodiment and the described modifications.

(27) In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, the present invention has been described in what is considered to represent its preferred embodiment. However, it should be noted that the invention can be practiced otherwise than as specifically illustrated and described without departing from its spirit or scope.