Gearing method with tooth finishing and combination tool therefor

Abstract

A method for producing gears, wherein in a first step a set of teeth is formed by means of a skiving wheel rotationally driven by a tool spindle in a workpiece gear rotationally driven synchronously thereto by a workpiece spindle, wherein the workpiece spindle and the tool spindle are at an axis intersection angle to each other and the advancement occurs in the tooth-flank extension direction, and wherein in a second step at least some teeth of the set of teeth are machined by means of a tooth-machining tool. A combined tool is used, in the case of which the toothmachining tool and the skiving wheel are fixedly connected to each other. Between the two steps, the combined tool remains connected to the tool spindle and the workpiece gear remains connected to the workpiece spindle. Between the two steps, merely the relative position of the tool spindle in relation to the workpiece spindle and the rotational speed ratio of the two spindles are changed.

Claims

1. A combination tool attachable to a tool spindle, which combination tool is for use in a method for producing gears, the combination tool having: a skiving wheel with a first axis, the skiving wheel being configured to rotate around said first axis and be advanced in a direction in which tooth flanks of a workpiece gear extend to produce a gearing in said workpiece gear, wherein rotation of the skiving wheel about the first axis is synchronous with rotation of the workpiece gear around a second axis, a pin rigidly connected to the skiving wheel, and a tooth machining tool arranged on said pin, the tooth machining tool being a different type of tool from the skiving wheel, the tooth machining tool having multiple fly cutters each with a respective single cutting edge, wherein said fly cutters are all disposed along one side of said pin so as to all be on the same side of a longitudinal center axis of the combination tool, and wherein the tooth machining tool and the skiving wheel form the combination tool.

2. The combination tool according to claim 1, wherein the tooth machining tool in relation to the skiving wheel is operated with a different speed ratio between a workpiece spindle and the tool spindle and a different axial intersection angle () between the workpiece spindle and the tool spindle, wherein the skiving wheel is rotationally driven by the tool spindle and wherein the workpiece gear is rotationally driven by the workpiece spindle.

3. The combination tool according to claim 2, wherein the tooth machining tool is a tooth flank machining tool, wherein each respective single cutting edge of each of the fly cutters produces grooves or undercuts when the tool spindle is parallel to the workpiece spindle, and wherein the skiving wheel produces the gearing when the tool spindle is aligned relative to the workpiece spindle at an axial intersection angle.

4. The combination tool according to claim 3, wherein the skiving wheel is arranged between the tooth machining tool and a clamping end of the combination tool; wherein the skiving wheel has cutting teeth; wherein the combination tool has a free end that is formed by the pin, wherein the pin has a smaller diameter than a diameter of the skiving wheel; and wherein the pin carries said fly cutters, wherein the cutting edges of said fly cutters revolve along an envelope during a rotation of the combination tool about the first axis, and wherein the envelope of the cutting edges has a smaller diameter than a diameter of the cutting teeth of the skiving wheel.

5. The combination tool according to claim 3, wherein the tooth machining tool is arranged at a free end of the combination tool.

6. The combination tool according to claim 2, wherein the skiving wheel is arranged between the tooth machining tool and a clamping end of the combination tool.

7. The combination tool according to claim 6, wherein the tooth machining tool is arranged at a free end of the combination tool.

8. The combination tool according to claim 2, wherein the tooth machining tool is arranged at a free end of the combination tool.

9. The combination tool according to claim 1, wherein the tooth machining tool is an undercutting tool.

10. The combination tool according to claim 1, wherein the tooth machining tool is a grooving tool.

11. The combination tool according to claim 1, wherein the tooth machining tool is a milling tool.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) An exemplary embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the attached drawings. In these drawings:

(2) FIG. 1 schematically shows a combination tool 3 during the gearing a workpiece gear 1, which is rigidly connected to a workpiece spindle 5, by means of skiving,

(3) FIG. 2 shows a sectional representation according to FIG. 1 that is offset by 90referred to the workpiece spindle 5,

(4) FIG. 3 shows a representation according to FIG. 1 during the tooth finishing process,

(5) FIG. 4 shows a bottom view of the combination tool 3,

(6) FIG. 5 shows a first side view of the combination tool 3, and

(7) FIG. 6 shows a second side view of the combination tool 3.

(8) FIG. 7 shows schematically the combination tool 3, wherein a tooth machining tool 7 is a scarping tool, an undercutting tool, a grooving tool, a milling tool, or boring tool.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(9) The combination tool 3 illustrated in FIGS. 4-6 has a clamping end 11, by means of which the combination tool can be clamped in a chuck of a tool spindle 2, wherein the tool spindle 2 can be rotationally driven by an electric motor. The electric motor is controlled by a control unit. The control unit also controls another electric motor for driving the workpiece spindle 5. The workpiece spindle 5 features a chuck 10, in which a workpiece gear 1 to be machined is clamped. The control unit is designed in such a way that the tool spindle 2 and the workpiece spindle 5 are driven synchronously.

(10) The combination tool 3 features a skiving wheel 4, by means of which the blank in the form of a workpiece gear can be provided with an internal gearing 6 in a skiving process as described in DE 10 2008 037 514 A1. To this end, the tool spindle 2 and the workpiece spindle 5 are driven synchronously in such a way that the cutting teeth of the skiving wheel 4 penetrate into the tooth gaps of the gearing 6 being produced. In this case, the axis of the tool spindle 2 is aligned relative to the axis of the workpiece spindle 5 at an axial intersection angle .

(11) In this context, FIGS. 1 and 2 show a first machining step, in which the advance takes place in the axial direction of the workpiece spindle 5 such that a spur gearing is produced. A relative rotation is superimposed on the advance motion when a helical gearing is produced. Externally geared workpiece gears 1 can also be produced analogously.

(12) The cutting teeth of the skiving wheel 4 point away from the clamping end 11 in the direction toward the free end of the combination tool 3, which is formed by a pin 12. The diameter of the pin 12 is smaller than the diameter of the skiving wheel 4.

(13) The pin 12 is rigidly connected to the skiving wheel 4 and carries multiple fly cutters 8 that respectively feature a cutting edge 9. During a rotation of the combination tool 3 about its rotational axis, the cutting edges 9 revolve about the axis of the combination tool 3 illustrated in the figure along an envelope. The envelope, within which the cutting edges 9 revolve, has a smaller diameter than the cutting teeth of the skiving wheel 4.

(14) In the exemplary embodiment, the tooth machining tool 7 arranged on the free end of the combination tool 3 is a tool for respectively producing grooves or undercuts. To this end, the tooth flank machining tool 7 illustrated in FIG. 3 is moved into a machining position. In this case, the axis of the workpiece spindle 5 extends parallel to the axis of the tool spindle 2. The second machining step illustrated in FIG. 3 is carried out after the first machining step illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, but the workpiece gear 1 is in the meantime not removed from the chuck and the combination tool 3 is in the meantime not removed from the tool spindle 2. The combination tool 3 and the workpiece gear 1 remain in their respective clamping positions.

(15) In the machining step illustrated in FIG. 3, the tool spindle 2 and the workpiece spindle 5 are likewise driven synchronously, but with a different speed ratio, such that grooves or undercuts are machined into the tooth flanks of the gearing produced in the first machining step. In this case, the advance takes place in the radial direction of the workpiece spindle 5.

(16) In an exemplary embodiment that is illustrated in FIG. 7, the tooth flank machining tool may consist of a scarping tool for sloping the end faces of the teeth, which were previously produced in the first step.

(17) The preceding explanations serve for elucidating all inventions that are included in this application and respectively enhance the prior art independently with at least the following combinations of characteristics, namely:

(18) A method, which is characterized in that the tooth machining tool 7 and the skiving wheel 4 are rigidly connected to one another and form a combination tool 3, and in that the combination tool 3 remains connected to the tool spindle 2 and the workpiece gear 1 remains connected to the workpiece spindle 5 between the two steps.

(19) A method, which is characterized in that merely the position of the tool spindle 2 relative to the workpiece spindle 5 and the speed ratio of the two spindles 2, 5 are changed between the two steps.

(20) A method, which is characterized in that the tooth machining tool 7 is a scarping tool, an undercutting tool, a grooving tool or a universal milling or boring tool (FIG. 7).

(21) A method, which is characterized in that the tooth machining tool 7 is a fly cutter with one or more cutting edges, which revolve along a cutting envelope.

(22) A combination tool, which is characterized in that a skiving wheel 4 is rigidly connected to a tooth machining tool 7.

(23) A combination tool, which is characterized in that the tooth machining tool 7 carries a fly cutter 8 with at least one cutting edge 9.

(24) A combination tool, which is characterized in that the skiving wheel 4 is arranged between the tooth machining tool 7 and a clamping end 11 of the combination tool 3.

(25) A combination tool, which is characterized in that the tooth machining tool 7 is assigned to the free end of the combination tool 3, which lies opposite of the clamping end 11.

(26) All disclosed characteristics are essential to the invention (individually, but also in combination with one another). The disclosure content of the associated/attached priority documents (copy of the priority application) is hereby fully incorporated into the disclosure of this application, namely also for the purpose of integrating characteristics of these documents into claims of the present application. The characteristic features of the dependent claims characterize independent inventive enhancements of the prior art, particularly in order to submit divisional applications on the basis of these claims.