INDUSTRIAL ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR WITH SWITCHING ON/OFF OF ELECTRODES IN FIXED ORDER AND VARIABLE TIMES

Abstract

It is an electrostatic precipitator programmed with selective, individual, fixed sequential switching from the first emission electrode (2), comprised of the electrodes (2.1), (2.2) and (2.3), and onwards, acting so that it will provide the best possible situation for reducing suspended particulate, directing them to accumulate (B) in the collector plates (1) of the precipitator; in such a way that, with indication of the obligation to start the switch on the electrode (2.1) can produce a potential gain of efficiency together with the voltage increase that will be used in the present technology and that determines that the main accumulation occurs in the first electrode, that is, this form of sequencing conditions establishes the best operation of the technology; and thus, resulting in the gain of efficiency and potential reduction of this pollution released to the environment.

Claims

1. It is characterized by an electrostatic precipitator programmed with selective, individual, sequential switching, starting from the first electrode, electrode (2.1), and onwards with the electrode (2.2), (2.3), and so on, in order to provide the best situation to reduce the emission of particulate matter, accumulating the part retained (B) in the collector plates (1), and also the higher collection efficiency determined by the voltage increase made possible by the new technology.

Description

[0022] The industrial electrostatic precipitator with fixed sequence switching may be better understood through the detailed description in accordance with the following attached figures, where:

[0023] FIG. 01 Displays a perspective view of the industrial electrostatic precipitator with fixed-sequence switching.

[0024] FIG. 02 Displays a top view of the dispersion of the material in the industrial electrostatic precipitator with fixed sequence switching.

[0025] According to the above figures it can be seen that industrial electrostatic precipitator with fixed-sequence switching comprises an industrial electrostatic precipitator (P.E.) for retention of the portion of submicron particles emitted in all conventional precipitators. For this, the precipitator is composed of collector plates (1), formed by nesting segments, characterizing the structure of the precipitator with large internal corridors.

[0026] An industrial electrostatic precipitator may have a large number of corridors.

[0027] Since for each project the corridors are parallel to each other and in a same longitudinal position of the flow. And because they treat effluent materials with the same characteristics, they are therefore identical. That is, it allows for each analysis done to a single corridor can be extended to the entire Electrostatic Precipitator.

[0028] Among the collector plates 1, sequential electrodes, electrode 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and etc. are adapted to form a line of electrodes. The amount of electrodes is proportional to the length of the corridor of the precipitator, that is, the magnitude of the design.

[0029] In order to better understand the sequence of electrode switching; the direction of flow (A) can be seen in the figures.

[0030] Thus, in order to provide the best retention efficiency of the submicron particulate as a consequence of the better distribution of the particulate retained in the collector plates (1), it is necessary that the switching voltage occur at 84 KV, followed by the disconnection of the electrodes to be initiated by the electrode (2.1), then by the electrode (2.2), and so on (necessarily starting from the first and proceeding sequentially in sequence). There will be an adequate time to switch from one electrode to the other, which will be predetermined as a consequence of the distance between the electrodes.

[0031] In FIG. 02, the distribution obtained with the switched voltage of 84 KV can be observed. Evidence of the proportionality of the particulate collector plates (1), decreasing gradually, where in the end the amount of particulate retained already minimum due to the small amount remaining until the end of the process.

[0032] When there is a narrowing of the space between the electrode and the material-accumulating surface (B) on the collector plates (1) causes sparks (voltaic arcs) to occur at this point and this is the phenomenon called here by localized sparks. In this case, according to FIG. 02, it is observed that this narrowing occurs at the electrode (2.1) where there will be the greatest accumulation of material (B), since it is the first one that receives the flow of the densest particulate. Currently, precipitators act on the problem of sparking by reducing the voltage across all runway emission electrodes. However, in the model proposed here, it will not allow the electrode, or electrodes, where the localized spark is occurring, to be turned off individually, by actuation of the electrostatic precipitator automatic control system, programmed for this, based on specific information indicating which the position of the electrode lines where the localized accumulations occur.

[0033] In practice, it may be expected that the actuation on a number of such lines, for example, for a corridor of 18 emission electrodes, the shutdown of 4 or 5 may be sufficient to achieve a large increase in efficiency of collection and service life, so switching is only necessary for these electrode lines.

[0034] This alternative of action allows the runner to continue operating with the remaining of the emission electrodes, again without localized sparks. The selective shutdown process can be repeated until, by decision of the controller, the mechanical strike is triggered, and all the emitting electrodes of the corridor in question are switched on, restarting the process. The increase in the beating interval then results in the desired effects of increasing collection efficiency and service life.