SHAFT SHREDDER

Abstract

A shaft shredder having a machine frame and a shredding unit. The shredding unit has at least one shredding shaft that is mounted therein and is driven by means of a drive. A material feeding region is formed adjacently to the shredding unit and has a plurality of side walls. At least one of the side walls, in particular at least one side wall arranged on the end face with respect to the axial direction of the shredding shaft, is formed such that it can be moved, in particular folded or displaced, from a use position into a maintenance position.

Claims

1. A shaft shredder (1), comprising a machine frame and a shredding unit (2), which comprises at least one shredding shaft (8, 9) that is mounted in said shredding unit (2) and driven by means of a drive, a material feeding region being formed adjacently to the shredding unit (2) and comprising a plurality of side walls (4, 5, 6, 7), wherein at least one of the side walls (4, 5, 6, 7), in particular at least one side wall (4, 7) arranged on an end face with respect to the axial direction of the shredding shaft (8, 9), is designed to be moveable, in particular foldable or displaceable, from a use position into a maintenance position.

2. The shaft shredder (1) according to claim 1, wherein bearing and/or coupling regions of the at least one shredding shaft (8, 9) are accessible in the maintenance position.

3. The shaft shredder (1) according to claim 2, wherein the at least one shredding shaft (8, 9) can be disassembled from the shredding housing in the predominantly perpendicular direction as a result of a releasable interlocking coupling, in particular a screwable flange coupling (15, 16; 17, 18) on each end of the shredding shaft (8, 9), and the bearings of the shafts stay on or in the shredding house.

4. The shaft shredder (1) according to claim 1, wherein a wall (7) of the material feeding region is formed as a tipping funnel (7), which in particular covers the drive of the shredding shaft (8, 9), at least in part.

5. The shaft shredder (1) according to claim 3, wherein a wall (7), in particular formed as a tipping funnel, can be moved, in particular can be displaced, in particular at least substantially horizontally, such that the space for the releasable interlocking coupling (15, 16) is thereby freed for maintenance purposes.

6. The shaft shredder (1) according to claim 3, wherein one of the side walls (4) of the material feeding region can be moved, in particular pivoted or substantially horizontally displaced, such that the space for the releasable interlocking coupling (17, 18) is freed for maintenance purposes.

7. The shaft shredder (1) according to claim 1, wherein at least one secondary shredding tool (19), in particular a breaker bar or strainer basket, is arranged beneath the at least one shredding shaft (8, 9).

8. The shaft shredder (1) according to claim 7, wherein the secondary shredding tool (19) can be raised or lowered substantially in the vertical direction.

9. The shaft shredder (1) according to claim 7, wherein the secondary shredding tool (19) can be moved out of the shaft shredder (1).

10. The shaft shredder (1) according to claim 1, wherein said shredder comprises two shredding shafts (8, 9), which are adjacent, in particular having axes of rotation arranged in parallel with one another.

11. A shaft shredder (1) comprising a machine frame and a shredding unit (2), which comprises at least one shredding shaft (8, 9) that is mounted in said shredding unit and is driven by means of a drive, a material feeding region being formed adjacently to the shredding unit (2) and comprises a plurality of side walls (4, 5, 6, 7), the shaft shredder (1) comprising two shredding shafts (8, 9) arranged next to one another, wherein said shaft shredder comprises a secondary pushing device (3), in particular a driven secondary pushing device, which comprises a secondary pushing element that is in particular elongate, in particular cylindrical, and the longitudinal axis of which preferably extends in parallel with the axes of rotation of the shaft shredder (8, 9).

12. The shaft shredder (1) according to claim 11, wherein the secondary pushing device (3) can be moved, in particular pivoted, from a use state in the region of the shredding shafts, in particular in the region between and/or above the shredding shafts (8, 9), into a non-use state.

13. The shaft shredder (1) according to claim 11, wherein the secondary pushing device (3) is attached to one of the side walls (4, 5, 6, 7), in particular pivotally.

14. The A shaft shredder (1) comprising a machine frame and a shredding unit (2), which comprises at least two shredding shafts (8, 9) that are mounted in said shredding unit and driven by means of a drive, a material feeding region being formed adjacently to the shredding unit (2), wherein the shaft shredder comprises a shaft coupling apparatus (14), which is designed such that it can switch from a synchronous mode, in which the shredding shafts (8, 9) are moved in a defined speed ratio in opposite directions of rotation, and an asynchronous mode, in which the shredding shafts (8, 9) are moved in any direction of rotation and without a defined speed ratio.

15. The shaft shredder (1) according to claim 14, wherein the shaft coupling apparatus comprises a displaceable or pivotable pinion in order to bring about the switch from the synchronous mode to the asynchronous mode.

16. The shaft shredder according to claim 14, wherein said shaft shredder further comprises a transmission device, which is or can be coupled to the shredding shafts (8, 9), is arranged on the drive side or on the side of the shredding shafts (8, 9) that is opposite the drive side, and in particular comprises the shaft coupling apparatus.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The invention will be explained in more detail in the following on the basis of FIGS. 1-9, in which:

[0036] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a shaft shredder according to the invention in the loading position;

[0037] FIG. 2 shows the shaft shredder in preparation for maintenance;

[0038] FIG. 3 is a detailed view of FIG. 2;

[0039] FIG. 4 shows a coupling region of the drive and shredding shafts;

[0040] FIG. 5 shows the coupling region of the shredding shafts and shaft coupling apparatus;

[0041] FIG. 6 is a detailed view with the inspection flaps open and the secondary shredding tool pulled out;

[0042] FIG. 7 shows a maintenance rack for receiving shredding shafts;

[0043] FIG. 8 is a cut-out of the shredding shafts arranged on the maintenance rack; and

[0044] FIG. 9 shows the secondary pushing device in the non-use position, while the side wall is in the maintenance position.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0045] FIG. 1 shows a movable shaft shredder 1 in the loading position. The material feeding region that is arranged above the shredding unit 2 and is formed inside the side walls 4-7 thereof can be seen in this figure. The inspection flaps 12, 13 are arranged beneath the side wall 5 and beneath the shredding unit 2 comprising the shredding shafts 8, 9 (not visible here). The side walls 4, 5, 6 are designed such that they can be folded back towards the outside for maintenance purposes P1, P2, P3. The secondary pushing device 3, which will be discussed in more detail below, is arranged on the side wall 5.

[0046] The material to be shredded is placed in the material feeding region, shredded by the shredding unit 2 and collected beneath it. The material to be shredded is transported from here to the conveyor belt shown on the right-hand side, and transported away by this.

[0047] FIG. 2 shows the shaft shredder 1 in preparation for maintenance. The side walls 4, 5, 6 are folded down towards the outside and provide a view of the two shredding shafts 8, 9. The side wall 7, which can be designed as a material chute or tipping funnel, can be displaced from the shredding unit 2 across the machine housing in the X direction. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the shredding unit 2 in FIG. 2. The shredding shafts 8, 9, which are arranged having the longitudinal axes parallel to one another here, for example, here, are visible between the side walls 4, 5, 6, 7 that have been folded down or pushed away. The shredding region is delimited in the axial direction by shields 10, 11. The shield 10 is intended to prevent the material to be shredded from reaching the region of the couplings facing the shaft coupling apparatus 14.

[0048] Likewise, the shield 11 is intended to prevent material to be shredded from entering the flange region facing the drive. This region is shown in FIG. 4. The shredding shafts 8, 9 are arranged on the drive (not shown) by means of couplings 15, 16, in particular flange couplings. The flange couplings 15, 16 are shielded by the shield 11 from the shredding region 2 of the shredding shafts 8, 9 such that no material to be shredded can reach the flange couplings 15, 16. FIG. 5 shows the corresponding couplings 17, 18, in particular flange couplings, on the side of the shaft coupling device 14, where the shield 10 prevents material to be shredded from getting into the region of the flange couplings 17, 18.

[0049] The flange couplings 15, 16, 17, 18 can be released in order to remove the shredding shafts 8, 9 and these can then be removed in the radial direction relative to the axis of rotation, in particular the vertical direction, immediately after releasing the screw connection. Therefore, the removal of the shredding shafts 8, 9 can be accelerated without part of the drive or the bearing of the shredding shafts 8, 9 first having to be disassembled for this purpose.

[0050] FIG. 6 shows part of the shredding unit 2 when the inspection flaps 12, 13 are open. In this figure, the pulled-out portion 20 with the secondary shredding tool 19 arranged thereon, which tool is arranged beneath and between the shredding shafts 8, 9 in the operating state, is lowered and pulled out. In this embodiment, the secondary shredding tool 19 is a breaker bar; however, a different secondary shredding tool can also be provided, such as a strainer basket. In the embodiment shown, the pulled-out portion 20 comprising the secondary shredding tool 19 is constructed such that it can be easily lifted out of the guides. The maintenance rack 21 shown in FIG. 7 can now be placed on these guides. Two pairs of rests 22, 23 are arranged on the maintenance rack.

[0051] For maintenance purposes, after releasing the flange couplings 15, 16, 17, 18, the shredding shafts 8, 9 can be raised. The maintenance rack 21 can be inserted into the shaft shredder 1 and be positioned with the rests 22, 23 beneath the shredding shafts 8, 9. The maintenance rack 21 is then raised and the shredding shafts rest on the rests 22, 23 and are raised together with the maintenance rack 21. The shredding shafts 8, 9 can thereforeas shown in FIG. 8be raised out of the shredding unit 2 and maintained. The shredding shafts 8, 9 are deposited above the coupling position on the maintenance rack 21. In the cut-out shown, the end of the shredding shaft 9 comprising the flange coupling 16 rests on a rest 22, just as the shredding shaft 8 comprising the flange coupling 15 also rests on the rests 23 (not shown). In the raised position, the shredding shafts 8, 9 are easily accessible.

[0052] By means of such a shaft shredder 1, maintenance of the shredding unit 2 can be simplified and simultaneously shortened, reducing maintenance costs.

[0053] FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of an additional detail according to the invention of the shaft shredder 1, a secondary pushing device 3. The secondary pushing device 3 is arranged on one of the side walls, on the side wall 5 in the example shown here. In the figure, the side wall 5 is shown in the maintenance position, it is folded outwards, as a result of which the inside of the side wall 5 faces outwards and the shredding shaft 8 is more accessible. The secondary pushing device 3 is arranged on the inner wall of the side wall 5. In the example shown, the active part of the secondary pushing device 3 is an elongate cylindrical body, the cylindrical axis of which is oriented in parallel, or at least approximately in parallel, with the axes of the shredding shafts 8, 9. Of course, the secondary pushing device can also be a different shape. A plurality of secondary pushing elements can also be provided, which do not have to be elongate. The active part of the secondary pushing device 3 is fastened to a secondary pushing lever 3a. The secondary pushing lever 3a is in turn pivotally arranged on the side wall 5 by means of a pivoting element 3b.

[0054] In the use state, in which the side walls 4, 5, 6, 7 are folded upwards as shown in FIG. 1, on the one hand the secondary pushing device 3 can be pivoted upwards in order to allow for loading, or, on the other hand, the active part of the secondary pushing device 3 can be positioned in a position above and between the shredding shafts 8, 9 by the pivoting element 3b, in order to thereby push material to be shredded towards the shredding shafts 8, 9. For this purpose, the secondary pushing lever 3a can be moved back and forth, which leads to a secondary filling effect of the secondary pushing device 3. This filling movement of the secondary pushing lever 3a is preferably hydraulically driven, since such drives are robust and can transfer large forces. However, it is also conceivable for the drive to be electromechanical, magnetomechanical, pneumatic or a different type of drive.

[0055] In order to protect the mechanics of the secondary pushing device 3 from dirt and therefore damage, the pivoting element 3b is formed in particular as a circular disc or circular segment disc here. In this case, the region of the pivoting element 3b, which protrudes out of the side wall 5 and into the material feeding region, is covered both at the end faces and on the cylindrical surface so that no material to be shredded can adversely affect the function of the pivoting element 3b.