Method for generating protein rich conditioned medium

Abstract

A method of creating a protein rich conditioned medium. The method includes culturing mesenchymal stem cells in a container utilizing a first growth medium, allowing a time period for proliferation of the mesenchymal stem cells until a desired level of confluence is achieved in the container, discarding a supernatant from the container, adding a second medium to the container, incubating the mesenchymal stem cells, and collecting the conditioned medium. The method produces significantly higher quantities of byproducts secreted by the mesenchymal stem cells. Byproducts are usable for wound healing, disease treatment, cosmetic, or other beneficial effects when applied or otherwise delivered to a patient.

Claims

1. A method of creating a protein rich conditioned medium comprising: a) culturing mesenchymal stem cells in a container utilizing a first growth medium, wherein the first growth medium comprises: i) a serum from about 1 percent to about 10 percent by volume; ii) fibroblast growth factor from about 1 ng/ml to about 10 ng/ml; iii) an L-cysteine or a glutathione or an N Acetyl Cysteine from about 0.5 mM to about 5 mM; and iv) a serum free medium up to 99 percent volume and: 1) an epidermal growth factor from about 1 ng/ml to about 10 ng/ml; 2) a hydrocortisone from about 10 ng/ml to about 100 ng/ml; 3) a calcium chloride from about 0.01 mM to about 0.1 mM; 4) an insulin from about 0.5 mg/ml to about 5 mg/ml; 5) a bovine pituitary extract from about 10 g/ml to about 100 g/ml; 6) a selenium from about 0.1 g/ml to about 1 g/ml; 7) a stromal-derived factor from about 1 ng/ml to about 10 ng/ml; 8) a sodium pyruvate from about 2 mg/ml to about 20 mg/ml; and 9) a transferrin from about from about 0.1 mg/ml to about 1 mg/ml; b) allowing a time period for proliferation of the mesenchymal stem cells until a desired level of confluence is achieved in the container; c) discarding a supernatant from the container; d) adding a second serum-free medium or a salt buffered solution to the container; e) incubating the mesenchymal stem cells and the second serum-free medium or the salt buffered solution for a desired period of time, thereby creating a conditioned medium; and f) collecting the conditioned medium; and wherein the mesenchymal stem cells can be incubated for up to seven days in the second medium without change in mesenchymal stem cell characteristics.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein at least a 90 percent confluence is achieved.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of washing the mesenchymal stem cells after discarding the supernatant and prior to adding the second medium.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the mesenchymal stem cells are washed with a salt buffered solution.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the salt is a calcium salt or a magnesium salt.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein collected conditioned medium is subjected to a process to remove cellular debris.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the process is centrifuging the conditioned medium.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein collected conditioned medium is passed through a filter.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the filter has a pore size ranging from about 0.1 m to about 0.45 m.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The detailed description will be better understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings as follows:

(2) FIG. 1 is an example embodiment of the first growth medium.

(3) FIG. 2 is a comparison of the quantity of specific proteins generated by the present invention to methods known in the art.

(4) FIG. 3 is a comparison of the quantity of specific proteins generated by the present invention to methods known in the art.

(5) FIG. 4 is a chart illustrating the steps of one embodiment of the present invention.

(6) The present embodiments are detailed below with reference to the listed Figures.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

(7) Before explaining the present invention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specifics of particular embodiments as described and that it can be practiced, constructed, or carried out in various ways.

(8) While embodiments of the disclosure have been shown and described, modifications thereof can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and teachings of the disclosure. The embodiments described herein are exemplary only, and are not intended to be limiting.

(9) Specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a basis of the claims and as a representative basis for teaching persons having ordinary skill in the art to variously employ the present invention. Many variations and modifications of embodiments disclosed herein are possible and are within the scope of the present disclosure.

(10) Where numerical ranges or limitations are expressly stated, such express ranges or limitations should be understood to include iterative ranges or limitations of like magnitude falling within the expressly stated ranges or limitations.

(11) The use of the word a or an when used in conjunction with the term comprising in the claims and/or the specification may mean one, but it is also consistent with the meaning of one or more, at least one, and one or more than one.

(12) The word about means plus or minus 5 percent of the stated number.

(13) The use of the term optionally with respect to any element of a claim is intended to mean that the subject element is required, or alternatively, is not required. Both alternatives are intended to be within the scope of the claim. Use of broader terms such as comprises, includes, having, etc. should be understood to provide support for narrower terms such as consisting of, consisting essentially of, comprised substantially of, and the like.

(14) Accordingly, the scope of protection is not limited by the description herein, but is only limited by the claims which follow, encompassing all equivalents of the subject matter of the claims. Each and every claim is incorporated into the specification as an embodiment of the present disclosure. Thus, the claims are a further description and are an addition to the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure.

(15) The inclusion or discussion of a reference is not an admission that it is prior art to the present disclosure, especially any reference that may have a publication date after the priority date of this application. The disclosures of all patents, patent applications, and publications cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference, to the extent they provide background knowledge; or exemplary, procedural or other details supplementary to those set forth herein.

(16) The present embodiments generally relate to a method of creating a protein rich conditioned medium from media used for culturing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). While human stem cells are the subject of the present disclosure, it is contemplated that all mammalian stem cells would respond to the culture as disclosed. In the spirit of enablement and clarity, human stem cells are utilized to describe the invention below.

(17) Exemplary proteins secreted by MSCs include, but are not limited to: Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF)(for example growth factor FGF7), Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)(originally known as vascular permeability factor (VPF)), Epidermal growth factor (EGF), Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) (or scatter factor (SF)), Stromal cell derived factor (SDF), Transforming growth factor (TGF), Collagen and pre-collagen components such as procollagen, and Fibronectin.

(18) Serum, as used within this disclosure, refers to the remaining fraction after removal of coagulation and red blood cells from any mammalian blood. Exemplary serums used for cell culture as known to persons having ordinary skill in the art include, but are not limited to: fetal bovine serum (also known as fetal calf serum), horse serum, mouse serum, goat serum, rabbit serum, rat serum, human serum, and the like. Serum is also intended to encompass synthetic or recombinant equivalents, or other equivalents as known to persons having ordinary skill in the art, such as Human Platelet Lysate (hPL).

(19) Fibroblast growth factors and epidermal growth factors, as used within this disclosure, refers to families of proteins, hormones, or other naturally occurring substances that promote cell growth, proliferation, and/or differentiation. Members are typically involved in angiogenesis, wound healing, embryonic development, and various endocrine signaling pathways. Synthetic, recombinant, or other equivalents are also covered within the scope of this disclosure.

(20) Pituitary extract, as used within this disclosure, refers to hormones extracted from the pituitary gland, such as oxytocin or vasopressin. Any mammalian pituitary extracts and their equivalents can be utilized. Synthetic, recombinant, or other equivalents are also covered within the scope of this disclosure.

(21) L-Cysteine, as used within this disclosure, refers to the amino acid as known to persons having ordinary skill in the art. Synthetic, recombinant, or other equivalents are also covered within the scope of this disclosure.

(22) Glutathione, as used within this disclosure, refers to an antioxidant found in plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, or other living organisms. Synthetic, recombinant, or other equivalents are also covered within the scope of this disclosure.

(23) N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC), as used within this disclosure, refers to a protein that potentially participates in self-renewal and pluripotency in stem cells. Synthetic, recombinant, or other equivalents are also covered within the scope of this disclosure.

(24) Selenium, as used within this disclosure, refers to the non-metal chemical element with the symbol Se. Synthetic, recombinant, or other equivalents are also covered within the scope of this disclosure.

(25) Stromal-derived factor, as used within this disclosure, refers to proteins belonging to the chemokine family which promote growth, survival, and development of stem cells. Synthetic, recombinant, or other equivalents are also covered within the scope of this disclosure.

(26) Sodium pyruvate, as used within this disclosure, refers to a compound commonly added to cell culture media to provide an additional source of energy. Synthetic, recombinant, or other equivalents are also covered within the scope of this disclosure.

(27) Transferrin, as used within this disclosure, refers to iron binding proteins commonly found in blood. Any mammalian transferrin and equivalents can be utilized. Synthetic, recombinant, or other equivalents are also covered within the scope of this disclosure.

(28) Serum-free medium, as used within this disclosure, refers to a basal medium. A basal medium can be any medium designed to support the growth of microorganisms or cells.

(29) The method of creating a protein rich conditioned medium can have the following steps:

(30) Culturing mesenchymal stem cells in a container utilizing a first growth medium. Any container known to persons having ordinary skill in the art can be utilized. The first growth medium can comprise a serum, a fibroblast growth factor, and either an L-cysteine, a glutathione, or a N Acetyl Cysteine (NAC). While the disclosure emphasizes the use of adipose derived stem cells, any MSC can be utilized for culture.

(31) Optionally, the first growth medium can also contain various quantities of an epidermal growth factor, a hydrocortisone, a calcium chloride, an insulin, a pituitary extract, a selenium, a stromal-derived factor, a sodium pyruvate, a transferrin, and serum-free medium.

(32) Allowing a time period for proliferation of the mesenchymal stem cells until a desired level of confluence is achieved in the container. Confluence in this disclosure refers to the proportion or percentage of the container surface covered by MSCs.

(33) Discarding a supernatant from the container, thereby removing the first growth medium.

(34) Optionally, washing the MSCs in the container with a salt buffered solution.

(35) Adding a second medium to the container. The second medium can be a serum-free medium, or a salt buffered solution. In embodiments, the salt used can be a calcium salt or a magnesium salt.

(36) The second medium typically does not contain components encouraging the MSCs to proliferate. This allows for all of the MSC resources to be devoted to secreting protein or non-protein byproducts instead of reproducing, thereby maximizing the quantity of byproducts.

(37) Incubating the mesenchymal stem cells and the second medium for a desired period of time, thereby creating a conditioned medium. Persons having ordinary skill in the art can adjust incubation times and temperatures for optimal results. A typical set of parameters can be at a temperature from about 35 degrees Celsius to about 40 degrees Celsius for a period of about 1 day to about 7 days.

(38) While typically, the vast majority of the results are achieved within 2 days of incubation, longer periods can be implemented as necessary without detriment to either the MSCs or the protein byproducts. Time frames of up to 30 days have been tested, at which point MSCs start to die within the culture.

(39) Further, as known in the art, stressing the MSCs, such as by removing the food source can accelerate protein byproduct production. During incubation, subjecting the MSCs to environmental or mechanical stresses may further enhance byproduct secretion by the MSCs. Exemplary stresses include, but are not limited to: starving the MSCs, manipulating the temperature, manipulating the atmosphere, vibrating the container, spinning the container, or other methods known to persons having ordinary skill in the art.

(40) Collecting the conditioned medium by decanting the supernatant.

(41) Optionally, the conditioned medium can be subjected to a process to remove cellular debris, such as centrifuging the conditioned medium for a duration at a desired speed. Persons having ordinary skill in the art can select from any known methods and parameters for removing cellular debris.

(42) Optionally, filtering the conditioned medium to remove debris. In embodiments, the filter can have a pore size ranging from 0.1 m to 0.45 m.

(43) The conditioned medium contains various protein byproducts produced by the MSCs. Exemplary proteins include, but are not limited to: Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF)(for example growth factor FGF7), Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)(originally known as vascular permeability factor (VPF)), Epidermal growth factor (EGF), Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) (or scatter factor (SF)), Stromal cell derived factor (SDF), Transforming growth factor (TGF), Collagen and pre-collagen components, and Fibronectin.

(44) While protein byproducts are discussed within the present disclosure, other beneficial non-protein byproducts may be secreted by the MSCs.

(45) The present invention leads to much greater yields of the protein byproducts than by utilizing methods currently known in the art. The growth medium as disclosed allows for MSCs to proliferate without degrading, thereby continuing to produce protein byproducts recovered in the conditioned medium.

EXAMPLE EMBODIMENT

(46) Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells were cultured with a first growth medium containing fetal bovine serum, a fibroblast growth factor, and either L-Cysteine, Glutathione, or NAC in a normal cell culture environment. Temperature was maintained at 37 degrees Celsius, with a carbon dioxide concentration of 5 percent.

(47) Upon reaching a confluence of at least 90 percent, the supernatant was discarded and the cultured MSCs were washed with a salt buffered solution. The salt buffered solution contained Calcium and Magnesium salts.

(48) After washing the MSCs, a second medium (serum free medium was added to the cultured MSCs.

(49) The MSCs were incubated for approximately 2 days in normal cell culture environment to allow for the secretion of protein byproducts into the second medium.

(50) The second medium was then collected as the conditioned medium.

(51) In this instance, the conditioned medium was centrifuged for 10 minutes at 2000 revolutions per minute in order to remove cellular debris.

(52) In this instance, the conditioned medium was further filtered for purification, thereby creating the final conditioned medium.

(53) Turning now to the Figures, FIG. 1 is an example embodiment of the first growth medium. Listed are general component ranges for various components usable as the first growth medium, as well as a sample embodiment. It should be understood that the range limits can vary by 5 percent of the stated value.

(54) FIG. 2 is a comparison of the quantity of specific proteins generated by the present invention to methods known in the art. The chart displays relative quantities of various proteins in pg/ml in conditioned media as created by methods known in the art in comparison to quantities of various proteins in conditioned media as created by the present invention.

(55) FIG. 3 is a comparison of the quantity of specific proteins generated by the present invention to methods known in the art. The chart displays relative quantities of various proteins in ng/ml in conditioned media as created by methods known in the art in comparison to quantities of various proteins in conditioned media as created by the present invention.

(56) FIG. 4 is a chart illustrating the steps of one embodiment of the present invention.

(57) The method can comprise step 402, culturing mesenchymal stem cells in a container utilizing a first growth medium. The first growth medium can comprise a serum, a fibroblast growth factor, and either an L-cysteine, a glutathione, or a N Acetyl Cysteine (NAC). Optionally, the first growth medium can also contain various quantities of an epidermal growth factor, a hydrocortisone, a calcium chloride, an insulin, a pituitary extract, a selenium, a stromal-derived factor, a sodium pyruvate, a transferrin, and serum-free medium.

(58) The method can comprise step 404, allowing a time period for proliferation of the mesenchymal stem cells until a desired level of confluence is achieved in the container.

(59) The method can comprise step 406, discarding a supernatant from the container, thereby removing the first growth medium.

(60) The method can comprise step 408, washing the MSCs in the container with a salt buffered solution.

(61) The method can comprise step 410, adding a second medium to the container. The second medium can be a serum-free medium, or a salt buffered solution.

(62) The method can comprise step 412, incubating the mesenchymal stem cells and the second medium for a desired period of time, thereby creating a conditioned medium.

(63) The method can comprise step 414, stressing the mesenchymal stem cells during incubation by environmental or mechanical means.

(64) The method can comprise step 416, collecting the conditioned medium.

(65) The method can comprise step 418, subjecting the conditioned medium to a process to remove cellular debris, such as centrifuging the conditioned medium for a specific duration at a desired speed.

(66) The method can comprise step 420, filtering the conditioned medium to remove debris. In embodiments, the filter can have a pore size ranging from 0.1 m to 0.45 m.

(67) While the invention has been described with emphasis on the presented embodiments and Figures, it should be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the invention might be practiced other than as specifically enabled herein.