Package containing fluid content

Abstract

A package including a container body (1) containing a fluid content (3) with leaving a head space (7), wherein the container body (1) has an inner surface (1a) on which ruggedness is formed entirely, the inner surface (1a) with the ruggedness of the container body (1) is coated with a lubricating liquid (30) immiscible with the fluid content (3), and the lubricating liquid (30) is present as a coating layer interposed between the inner surface (1a) and the fluid content (3), and the lubricating liquid (30) for forming the coating layer forms a liquid pool (31) at a periphery of an upper end face of the fluid content (3) contained in the container body (1) in a state of being held upright.

Claims

1. A package including a container body containing a fluid content leaving a head space, wherein the container body has an inner surface on which ruggedness is formed entirely, the inner surface with the ruggedness of the container body is coated with a lubricating liquid immiscible with the fluid content, and the lubricating liquid is present as a coating layer interposed between the inner surface and the fluid content, the lubricating liquid for forming the coating layer forms a liquid pool at a periphery of an upper end face of the fluid content contained in the container body in a state of being held upright, and wherein in an upright state, an excess amount of the lubricating liquid flows down from the head space onto the periphery of the upper end face of the content so as to form a liquid pool with a bottom face on the upper end face of the content.

2. The package according to claim 1, wherein the ruggedness is formed as fine protrusions having a height of not less than 0.7 m, and the fine protrusions have a pitch greater than the height.

3. The package according to claim 1, wherein the inner surface of the container body is formed of a thermoplastic resin layer where fine particles having an average particle diameter of not more than 40 m are dispersed as a surface roughening agent.

4. The package according to claim 1, wherein the fluid content is a viscous substance having a viscosity of not less than 100 mPa.Math.s at 25 C.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIGS. 1A to 1C are a set of schematic cross-sectional views, one of which showing principal parts of a package of the present invention, and the others showing the parts in a state of discharging a fluid content.

(2) FIG. 2 is an overall view showing a directly blow-formed bottle as one the most preferable embodiment of a container body of the package of the present invention.

MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

(3) <Structure and Function of Package>

(4) The package of the present invention as shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C comprises a container body 1 containing a fluid content 3. In particular, as shown in FIG. 1A, the container body 1 in an upright state is sealed at the upper end with a sealing foil 5, and appropriately closed with a lid (not shown). A head space 7 is formed between the upper end face of the fluid content 3 and the upper end of the container body 1 (sealing foil 5).

(5) A preferable example of the container body 1 is a directly blow-formed bottle, which is shown in FIG. 2.

(6) The directly blow-formed bottle (corresponding to the container body 1 in FIGS. 1A to 1C denoted as 10 as a whole in FIG. 2 has a screwed neck portion 11, a body portion wall 15 linked to the neck portion 11 through a shoulder portion 13, and a bottom wall 17 that closes the lower end of the body portion wall 15. An opening at the upper end thereof is closed with a sealing member 19 such as an aluminum foil (corresponding to the sealing foil 5 in FIGS. 1A to 1C) after filling with the aforementioned fluid content 3 (not shown in FIG. 2), and further screw-equipped with a cap 20 to ensure its sealing property.

(7) The bottle 10 is used preferably for containing a viscous fluid content. The viscous substance contained in the bottle may be discharged by squeezing the bottle at the body portion wall 15.

(8) The inner surface of the container body 1 (e.g., the directly blow-formed bottle 10 in FIG. 2) shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C are rugged surface 1a formed of fine protrusions 8 that are distributed entirely and that have a height h of not less than 0.7 m. The rugged surface 1a is coated with a lubricating liquid 30 to improve slipping property to the fluid content 3. The lubricating liquid 30 is interposed between the fluid content 3 and the inner surface (rugged surface 1a) of the container body 1, and no air layer is present therebetween.

(9) On the rugged surface 1a, small protrusions 9 having height lower than the fine protrusions 8 are distributed. The small protrusions 9 do not impose influences on the slipping property or the like, and they may be ignorable in the present invention.

(10) As shown in FIG. 1A, the package of the present invention having the basic structure as mentioned above has a liquid pool 31 of the lubricating liquid 30 formed at the periphery of the upper end face of the fluid content 3 in the container body 1 in an upright state. Namely in the upright state, the lubricating liquid 30 coating the rugged surface 1a in the head space 7 located above the fluid content 3 flows down to form the liquid pool 31 of the lubricating liquid 30. As a result, the lubricating liquid 30 does not enter the voids among the fine protrusions 8 at the upper area of the rugged surface 1a in the the head space 7.

(11) In the present invention, the liquid pool 31 formed in this manner may serve to exhibit excellent slipping property stably at the time of discharging the fluid content 3.

(12) For instance, for discharging this fluid content 3, the sealing foil 5 is peeled off and then the container body 1 is tilted as shown in FIG. 1B, whereby the lubricating liquid 30 forming the liquid pool 31 flows on the rugged surface 1a to reach the upper end of the container body 1. The fluid content 3 is discharged in this state. At this time, as shown in FIG. 1(C) FIG. 1C, the lubricating liquid 30 of the liquid pool 31 flows down to form a thick film 30a that completely covers the fine protrusions 8 and also completely fills the voids among the fine protrusions 8 on the rugged surface 1a located to correspond to the head space 7. The fluid content 3 being in contact with the thick film 30a of the lubricating liquid 30 may be discharged with a part of the lubricating liquid 30 or it may slide on the thick film 30a of the lubricating liquid 30, whereby a stable and excellent slipping property may be exhibited.

(13) At this time, the thick film 30a of the lubricating liquid 30 is formed on the rugged surface 1a. When this thick film 30a flows on the rugged surface 1a, a flow resistance is generated due to the fine protrusions 8 constituting the rugged surface 1a. Due to the flow resistance, the thick film 30a itself flows more slowly in comparison with a case where the lubricating liquid flows on a flat and smooth surface. This indicates that formation of a film of the lubricating liquid on the rugged surface 1a can reduce the amount of the lubricating liquid 30 to be discharged together with the fluid content 3, in comparison with the case of coating a flat and smooth surface with the film of the lubricating liquid. That is, the effect of preventing reduction of the amount of the lubricating liquid 30 may be one of the important advantages of the present invention.

(14) When the container body 1 is tilted, the fluid content 3 may be peeled off from the rugged surface (not shown) facing the thick lubricating liquid film 30a side as shown in FIG. 1C, i.e., the rugged surface to face upward at the time of tilting (namely, the rugged surface facing downward). At this time, the liquid pool 31 serves as the starting point for the peeling to proceed the peeling from the side wall toward the bottom portion. The liquid pool 31 serves as the starting point of peeling in this manner, and it provides another advantage of improving slipping property to the content.

(15) After tilting the container body 1 and discharging a part of the fluid content 3 as mentioned above, the container body 1 is held upright, equipped with a lid appropriately to be sealed. In the upright state, the excessive lubricating liquid 30 that coats the rugged surface 1a at the position corresponding to the head space 7 may flow down, and thus, the liquid pool 31 of the lubricating liquid 30 may be formed again at the periphery of the upper end face of the fluid content 3 as shown in FIG. 1A. Therefore, when the container body 1 is tilted again to discharge the fluid content 3, the thick film 30a of the lubricating liquid 30 similarly may be formed in the head space, thereby exhibiting excellent slipping property.

(16) In the package of the present invention, the rugged surface 1a may be formed of the aforementioned fine protrusions 8. Preferably, the fine protrusions 8 have a pitch p greater than the height h of the fine protrusions 8. It is particularly preferable that the fine protrusions 8 are formed at a pitch of 20 to 500 m in average, and more preferably at a pitch of 30 to 400 m. This condition is established so that the capillary force provided by the fine protrusions 8 to the lubricating liquid may not be predominant to the gravity, whereby the lubricating liquid 30 that coats the rugged surface 1a may flow down rapidly without being held by the capillary force.

(17) For instance, if the lubricating liquid 30 was held on the rugged surface 1a by the capillary force, formation of the liquid pool 31 of an amount capable of improving the slipping property would be difficult, since the amount of lubricating liquid 30 to flow down from the rugged surface 1a in the head space 7 would be decreased.

(18) It is preferable that the fine protrusions 8 are distributed on the inner surface of the container body 1 at a density of 10 to 2500 number/mm.sup.2, and further preferably 20 to 1500 number/mm.sup.2. If the fine protrusions 8 were not formed at a proper density, resistance against the flow of the lubricating liquid 30 would be decreased. As a result, at the time of tilting the container body 1 to discharge the fluid content 3, a large amount of lubricating liquid 30 would be discharged with the fluid content 3 to lose the effect of improving the slipping property provided by the lubricating liquid 30 in a short period of time. In particular, in a case where the rugged surface 1a was not formed on the inner surface of the container body 1, the lubricating liquid 30 would be discharged immediately as mentioned above, and thus, the effect of improving the slipping property would not be exhibited substantially.

(19) As explained in Examples below, such as the presence of the fine protrusions 8 that constitute the aforementioned rugged surface 1a can be analyzed with an atomic force microscope, a laser microscope, a white-light interference microscope and the like. Moreover, the presence of the liquid pool 31 can be confirmed easily by visual observation or collection by use of glass capillary tube or the like.

(20) In the present invention, the rugged surface 1a with the aforementioned fine protrusions 8 is not formed by a post-process after forming the container body 1, but it can be formed by internally adding a surface roughening agent to the resin for forming the inner surface of the container body 1. This is one of the remarkable advantage of the present invention. In formation of the rugged surface 1a by the internal addition of the surface roughening agent, usually, the upper limit in height of the fine protrusions 8 is about 50 to about 100 m. When fine particles having an average particle diameter of not more than 40 m are used as the surface roughening agent to be dispersed in a thermoplastic resin layer, the upper limit of the height is about 30 m. For fine particles having an average particle diameter of about 20 m, the upper limit for height is about 15 m.

(21) Further, it can be understood from the above description that the amount of the lubricating liquid 30 coating the rugged surface 1a is excessively applied to completely cover the fine protrusions 8 constituting this rugged surface 1a and to fill the voids among the protrusions 8. Specifically, it is possible to spray the lubricating liquid 30 onto the rugged surface 1a of the inner surface of the container body 1. This is another remarkable advantage of the present invention.

(22) <Container Body 1>

(23) In the present invention, the container body 1 has an inner surface that is the rugged surface 1a formed of the fine protrusions 8.

(24) The materials to form the inner surface of the container body 1 are not limited in particular, and they can be selected from thermoplastic resins, thermosetting resins, glass and metals depending on the use and the contents. Among them, the thermoplastic resins are not limited in particular as long as they can be formed into container shapes. Usually, it is preferably selected from olefin resins such as low-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, medium- or high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, poly(l-butene), and poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), copolymer resins of these olefins, and polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, and polyethylene terephthalate/isophthalate. These are preferably used also for forming an outer surface of the container.

(25) In a case of using this container body 1 as a directly blow-formed bottle as shown in FIG. 2, olefin resins as represented by the low-density polyethylene and the linear low-density polyethylene are used preferably since they are suitable for squeezing out the contents.

(26) A surface roughening agent is mixed with the thermoplastic resin for forming the inner surface in order to form the rugged surface 1a with the fine protrusions 8. For the surface roughening agent, fine particles having an average particle diameter of not more than 40 m, in particular in a range of 0.2 to 20 m, may be used. When the thermoplastic resin mixed with the fine particles is subjected for forming, sets of continuous fine particles are raised to form the aforementioned fine protrusions 8. Furthermore, the fine particles are coated with the thermoplastic resin to constitute the inner surface of the container body 1, and thereby firmly fixed on the inner surface. Therefore, the lubricating liquid 30 in contact with the rugged surface 1a formed of the fine protrusions 8 can be stably held.

(27) In particular, in the present invention, the rugged surface 1a formed of the fine protrusions 8 can be formed by internally adding the surface roughening agent to the resin. This serves to avoid dropping of the fine protrusions 8 or the like more effectively in comparison with a case of forming the rugged surface 1a by spraying the particles for surface roughening. This is one of the remarkable effects of the present invention.

(28) The average particle diameter of the fine particles can be measured by laser diffraction and scattering method using a laser diffraction particle size analyzer and the like, and it can be calculated as a volume-based integrated particle diameter of 50% in the measured particle size distribution. For fine particles of silica or the like having a primary particle diameter of not more than 0.2 m, it is extremely difficult to maintain the particles singly as primary particles, and thus, the particle diameter of secondary particles is calculated as the average particle diameter.

(29) The fine particles used as the aforementioned surface roughening agent are not limited in particular as long as their average particle diameter is within the aforementioned range. Representative examples thereof include: particles of metal oxides such as titanium oxide, alumina, and silica; fine particles based on carbon such as carbonates like calcium carbonate, and carbon black; and organic fine particles formed of poly(methyl (meth)acrylate) cured products, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, and silicone particles as represented by polyorganosilsesquioxane. They may or may not be subjected to hydrophobic treatment with a silane coupling agent, a silicone oil or the like. In the present invention, the process can be performed also by extrusion such as direct blow forming as long as the particle diameter can be kept after melt forming. Examples of materials preferably used for this purpose include fine particles subjected to hydrophobic treatment, particularly hydrophobic silica, cured poly(methyl methacrylate), ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, polyorganosilsesquioxane, and silicone particles.

(30) The fine particles is used as the surface roughening agent usually in an amount of 0.1 to 30 parts by mass, preferably 0.3 to 20 parts by mass, and further preferably 0.3 to 10 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of resin that forms the inner surface of the container body 1 in order to form the fine protrusions 8 of height h, pitch p and density as mentioned above.

(31) Further in the present invention, the container body 1 may have single layer structure or a multi-layered structure of a resin mixed with the aforementioned surface roughening agent as long as the inner surface is the rugged surface 1a formed of the fine protrusions 8.

(32) For instance, a gas barrier resin layer can be formed as an intermediate layer between the inner surface layer (the aforementioned resin layer containing a surface roughening agent) and the outer surface layer (a resin layer not mixed with a surface roughening agent), thereby preventing the content 3 from deteriorating caused by permeation of a gas such as oxygen.

(33) Examples of the above-mentioned gas barrier resin include ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), aromatic polyamide and cyclic polyolefin. Among them, the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer is the most preferred since it exhibits particularly excellent oxygen barrier property.

(34) As the above-mentioned ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, a saponified copolymer obtained by saponifying an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having an ethylene content of 20 to 60 mol %, particularly 25 to 50 mol % so that the saponification degree reaches 96 mol % or more and particularly 99 mol % or more.

(35) The aforementioned gas barrier resins each can be used by it self or in blends of two or more different types thereof. For improving adhesion to the inner surface layer or the outer surface layer, polyolefins such as polyethylene may be blended in the gas barrier resin in a range not degrading the gas barrier property.

(36) In a case of providing the gas barrier layer as the intermediate layer, it is preferable to provide an adhesive resin layer between the inner surface layer and the gas barrier layer and between the outer surface layer and the gas barrier layer in order to improve the adhesion between the inner surface layer on which a predetermined rugged surface 1a is formed or the outer surface layer, thereby preventing delamination.

(37) Adhesive resins used for forming the adhesive layer are known per se, and for instance, they are resins containing a carbonyl group (>CO) in the main chain or the side chain, in an amount of 1 to 100 meq/100 g resin, in particular, 10 to 100 meq/100 g resin. Specific examples of such resins to be used as adhesive resins include: an olefin resin graft-modified with a carboxylic acid such as maleic acid, itaconic acid or fumaric acid or an anhydride thereof, or with an amide or an ester; an ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer; an ionically crosslinked olefin copolymer; and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.

(38) Furthermore, the multi-layered structure may have a reproduced layer obtained from a virgin resin which is used for forming the inner layer or the outer layer and which is mixed with a scrap resin such as burrs generated during formation of this container body 1.

(39) The respective layers are set to have thickness known per se so that the properties required for the layers are to be exhibited. Moreover, additives such as an antioxidant, a surfactant and a colorant can be added to the resins for forming the respective layers as appropriate without impairing the properties of the respective layers.

(40) The container body 1 has an inner surface provided with a predetermined rugged surface 1a. The shape is not limited in particular as long as the liquid pool 31 can be formed when the rugged surface 1a is coated with the lubricating liquid 30, and the container body 1 may a shape of a bottle or a cup.

(41) The container body 1 may be produced by forming a preform through extrusion-forming of a resin for forming the aforementioned respective layers and then forming the preform into the predetermined container shape by post-processes such as blow-forming, a plug-assisted forming, and vacuum forming.

(42) Particularly in the present invention, it is the most preferable that this container body 1 has a shape of a directly blow-formed bottle suitable for discharging the viscous fluid content as shown in FIG. 2. The directly blow-formed bottle may be produced by forming a tube-like preform by extrusion-forming, pinching off to close the preform at one end, and blowing a fluid such as air into this preform to shape it as a bottle.

(43) <Lubricating Liquid 30 and Fluid Content 3>

(44) In the packaging container of the present invention, the thus obtained rugged surface 1a as the inner surface of the container body 1 is coated with the lubricating liquid 30, and then the container body 1 is filled with the fluid content 3 so as to form the head space 7.

(45) The lubricating liquid 30 having a suitable surface property is selected corresponding to the type of the fluid content 3 to be contained in the container body 1. Therefore, the lubricating liquid 30 is required to be immiscible with the fluid content 3. Here, a liquid being immiscible with the fluid content 3 means that the liquid may not molecularly dispersed instantly even when getting into contact with the fluid content 3 but remains as the lubricating liquid 30. Further, it is required to be a non-volatile liquid having a small vapor pressure under an atmospheric pressure, for instance, a liquid having a high boiling point of not lower than 200 C. If a volatile liquid was used, the liquid would easily be evaporated and lost over time, and thereby making it difficult to improve the slipping property to the fluid content 3.

(46) Various examples can be listed as specific examples of the lubricating liquid 30 as long as they are the aforementioned liquids having high boiling point. In particular, a liquid having a surface tension considerably different from that of the fluid content 3 which slips over the liquid is preferred in the present invention, since the lubricating effect may be greater.

(47) For instance, when the fluid content 3 is water or a hydrophilic substance containing water, a liquid having a surface tension in a range of 10 to 40 mN/m, in particular in a range of 16 to 35 mN/m is preferably used as the lubricating liquid 30. Representative examples thereof include fluorine-based liquids, fluorosurfactants, silicone oil, fatty acid triglyceride, and various vegetable oils. Preferable examples of the vegetable oils include soybean oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil, rice oil, corn oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, palm oil, castor oil, avocado oil, coconut oil, almond oil, walnut oil, hazel oil, and salad oil. These liquids may be blended in use.

(48) In the present invention, the lubricating liquid 30 is used to coat the rugged surface 1a on the inner surface of the container body 1. Specifically, the coating process is conducted by applying an excessive amount of lubricating liquid 30 to the inner surface (rugged surface 1a) of the container body 1 such that the liquid pool 31 may be formed at the periphery of the fluid content 3 facing the head space 7 at the time of filling the container body with the fluid content 3 (see FIG. 1A).

(49) That is, it is necessary to coat the entire rugged surface 1a with the excessive lubricating liquid 30 so that the lubricating liquid 30 may flow down from the rugged surface 1a located at a part facing the head space 7 when the container body 1 filled with the fluid content 3 is held upright as shown in FIG. 1A.

(50) For this purpose, it is necessary to apply the lubricating liquid 30 to the entire inner surface of the container body 1 by spraying. For instance, it is preferable that the average coating amount is not less than 2.5 g/m.sup.2, and in particular from about 10 to about 40 g/m.sup.2. With this coating amount, the fine protrusions 8 that constitute the rugged surface 1a may be completely covered with the lubricating liquid 30, and the voids among the fine protrusions 8 may be completely filled with the lubricating liquid 30. In contrast, it would be impossible to form the liquid pool 31 by coating the rugged surface 1a with the excessive lubricating liquid 30 if the lubricating liquid 30 was mixed with a resin for forming the inner surface of the container body 1 in advance.

(51) The lubricating liquid 30 may be sprayed on the container body 1 being held in an upright state or in an inverted state as long as the rugged surface 1a (inner surface) can be entirely coated with the excessive amount of lubricating liquid 30.

(52) After applying the lubricating liquid 30 in the aforementioned manner, the container body 1 which is held in an upright state and which has the inner surface entirely coated with the excessive amount of the lubricating liquid 30 is filled with the fluid content 3 through a predetermined filling pipe such that the head space 7 is formed.

(53) That is, in the present invention, the fine protrusions 8 constituting the rugged surface 1a have a height and a density such that its capillary force to the lubricating liquid 30 is not superior to the gravity. Therefore, at the time of filling the container body with the fluid content 3 as mentioned above, the lubricating liquid 30 covering the rugged surface 1a at the part corresponding to the head space 7 may flow down to form the liquid pool 31 at the periphery of the upper end face of the fluid content 3. As a result, a liquid film of the lubricating liquid 30 above the liquid pool 31 becomes thinner than a liquid film 30b of the lubricating liquid at a position between the side face of the fluid content 3 and the rugged surface 1a as shown in FIG. 1A.

(54) The fluid content 3 used for the filling has a surface tension considerably different from that of the lubricating liquid 30 as mentioned above. Specifically, the fluid content 3 may be a viscous fluid having a viscosity of not less than 100 mPa.Math.s at 25 C. Specific examples thereof include ketchup, aqueous paste, honey, various sauces, mayonnaise, mustard, dressing, jam, chocolate syrup, cosmetic liquids such as milky lotion, liquid detergent, shampoo, and rinse. That is, a suitable lubricating liquid 30 is used corresponding to the type of the fluid content 3 to form the liquid pool 31, so that the viscous fluid content 3 can be rapidly discharged by tilting or inverting the container.

(55) For instance, ketchup, various sauces, honey, mayonnaise, mustard, mustard, jam, chocolate syrup, milky lotion and the like are hydrophilic substances containing water. For the lubricating liquid 30, oily liquids that have been approved as food additives, such as silicone oil, glycerin fatty acid ester, and edible oil, can be preferably used.

(56) After filling the container with the fluid content 3 such that the head space 7 is formed and also forming the liquid pool 31 of the lubricating liquid 30 as mentioned above, the sealing foil 5 is attached by heat sealing and the lid is suitably attached to provide the package of the present invention.

EXAMPLES

(57) The present invention will be described below by referring to Examples.

(58) The method of measurements conducted in Examples below for measuring respective characteristics and physical properties, and the container bodies (bottles) are as mentioned below.

(59) <Container Body>

(60) A multi-layered directly blow-formed bottle having the following layer constitution and capacity of 200 mL was formed by a known method and used in experiments below.

(61) Bottle A: directly blow-formed multi-layered bottle having 9 layers of 5 types

(62) Layer constitution: inner layer/adhesive layer/liquid diffusion prevention layer/adhesive layer/main layer/adhesive layer/oxygen barrier layer/adhesive layer/outer layer

(63) Inner layer: low-density polyethylene containing 5 wt % silica (average particle diameter of silica=5 m)

(64) Adhesive layer: acid-modified polyethylene

(65) Liquid diffusion prevention layer: ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH)

(66) Main layer: low-density polyethylene (LDPE)

(67) Oxygen barrier layer: ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH)

(68) Outer layer: low-density polyethylene (LDPE)

(69) Bottle B: directly blow-formed multi-layered bottle having 9 layers of 5 types

(70) Layer constitution: inner layer/adhesive layer/liquid diffusion prevention layer/adhesive layer/main layer/adhesive layer/oxygen barrier layer/adhesive layer/outer layer

(71) Inner layer: low-density polyethylene (LDPE)

(72) Adhesive layer: acid-modified polyethylene

(73) Liquid diffusion prevention layer: ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH)

(74) Main layer: low-density polyethylene (LDPE)

(75) Oxygen barrier layer: ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH)

(76) Outer layer: low-density polyethylene (LDPE)

(77) <Lubricating Liquid>

(78) Medium chain fatty acid triglyceride (MCT)

(79) Surface tension: 28.8 mN/m (23 C.)

(80) Viscosity: 33.8 mPa.Math.s (23 C.)

(81) Boiling point: 210 C. or higher

(82) Flash point: 242 C. (reference value)

(83) The surface tension of the liquid was measured at 23 C. using a solid-liquid interface analysis system DropMaster 700 (manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd.). The density of the liquid required for the surface tension measurement was measured at 23 C. using a density/specific gravity meter DA-130 (manufactured by Kyoto Electronics Manufacturing Co., Ltd.). Further, the viscosity of the liquid was measured at 23 C. using a tuning-fork vibration viscometer SV-10 (manufactured by A&D Company Limited).

(84) <Measurement of Surface Shape of Bottle Inner Surface>

(85) A specimen of 20 mm20 mm was cut out from the body portion of each of the multi-layered directly blow-formed bottles (bottle A and bottle B), and the shape of the bottle inner surface was measured using a non-contact surface profiler (NewView 7300, manufactured by Zygo Corporation).

(86) For the measurement and the image analysis, MetroPro (Ver. 9.1.4 64-bit) was used as an application.

(87) Measurement was conducted in a range of 0.699 mm0.524 mm. From the thus obtained data, protrusion density (per surface area of 1 mm.sup.2), average protrusion interval (pitch), the maximum protrusion height and an average protrusion height for the protrusions having a height of not less than 0.7 m were calculated. The results of the measurement on the surface shape of the bottle inner surface were shown in Table 1 below.

(88) <Fluid Content>

(89) Mayonnaise-Type Viscous Food

(90) Viscosity: 499 Pa.Math.s (0.1 sec.sup.1) 94 Pa.Math.s (1 sec.sup.1) 0.30 Pa.Math.s (1000 sec.sup.1)

(91) For the viscosity measurement, a rheometer (ARES manufactured by TA Instruments) was used. The values measured by the steady flow method at the geometry of the parallel plate with a gap 0.5 mm were indicated.

(92) <Confirmation of Liquid Pool of Lubricating Liquid>

(93) The bottle was filled with 200 g of a fluid content. After discharging 100 g of the content, the bottle was stored in an upright state for 1 day or longer, and the appearance was visually evaluated during the storage in the upright state.

(94) Here, if a liquid pool of the lubricating liquid is visually observed at the periphery of the upper end face of the fluid content contained in the bottle body, it is expressed as Yes, and if such a liquid pool is not visually observable, it is expressed as No.

(95) <Test of Slipping Property to Fluid Content>

(96) After checking the liquid pool of the lubricating liquid, slipping property to the content was evaluated by using the bottle with 100 g of the fluid content remaining inside the bottle. Specifically, 50 g of the fluid content was squeezed out from the bottle in upright state at room temperature (25 C.), then the bottle was allowed to suck air to restore the bottle shape, and inverted at room temperature (25 C.) so as to evaluate the slipping property to the content based on the time required for the content to completely slide toward the mouth portion of the bottle after the inversion. The criteria for evaluation are as follows.

(97) : time for sliding down completely is less than 2 minutes

(98) : time for sliding down completely is 2 minutes or more and less than 5 minutes

(99) : time for sliding down completely is 5 minutes or more and less than 10 minutes

(100) X: time for sliding down completely is 10 minutes or more

Experimental Examples 1 to 3

(101) The bottle A (directly blow-formed multi-layered bottle having 9 layers of 5 types) was prepared as the container body.

(102) To the inner surface of the bottle A, medium chain fatty acid triglyceride as a lubricating liquid of the amount shown in Table 1 was applied by an air-spray method using an air brush. The bottle having the inner surface coated with the lubricating liquid was used to check the liquid pool of the aforementioned lubricating liquid and to conduct the test of slipping property to the fluid content. The results were shown in Table 1.

Experimental Examples 4 to 6

(103) The bottle B (directly blow-formed multi-layered bottle having 9 layers of 5 types) was prepared as the container body. Medium chain fatty acid triglyceride of the amount shown in Table 1 was applied by the same method as in Example 1, which was followed by checking a liquid pool of the lubricating liquid and conducting the test of slipping property to the fluid content. The results were shown in Table 1.

(104) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Surface shape of bottle inner surface Coating Test of Average Maximum Average amount of slipping Protrusion protrusion protrusion protrusion lubricating property to Packaging density pitch height height liquid Liquid fluid container 1/mm.sup.2 m m m g/m.sup.2 pool content Exptl. Bottle A 1038 31 8.28 1.22 17.2 Yes Ex. 1 Exptl. 4.7 Yes Ex. 2 Exptl. 2.2 No X Ex. 3 Exptl. Bottle B 0 16.3 Yes Ex. 4 Exptl. 4.0 Yes X Ex. 5 Exptl. 2.0 No X Ex. 6 Exptl. Ex.: Experimental example

(105) Table 1 shows that in Experimental examples 1 to 3, ruggedness were formed on the inner surfaces of the bottles and the inner surfaces with the ruggedness were coated with the lubricating liquid. In Experimental examples 1 and 2, formation of liquid pools of the lubricating liquid was observed. In these Experimental examples 1 and 2, the slipping property to the contents was favorable. In Experimental example 3, formation of liquid pool was not observed, and slipping property to the contents was not favorable.

(106) Experimental examples 4 to 6 relate to the bottle B having an inner surface with no ruggedness and being coated with a lubricating liquid. The slipping property was reasonably favorable in Experimental example 4 where a liquid pool of the lubricating liquid was observed. In Experimental example 5, the slipping property was poor despite a liquid pool was observed.

(107) In Experimental example 6 where formation of liquid pool was not observed, the slipping property was poor similarly to Experimental example 3.

(108) In Experimental examples 1 and 4, and in Experimental examples 2 and 5, the same amounts of lubricating liquids were applied to the bottle inner surfaces. The bottles having inner surfaces with ruggedness provided favorable slipping property. The reason is considered as follows. That is, when the bottle is inverted or tilted, the liquid pool of the lubricating liquid formed on the periphery of the upper end face of the content forms a thick liquid film of the lubricating liquid in the direction in which the contents are headed, thereby exhibiting excellent slipping property.

DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS

(109) 1: container body 1a: rugged surface (inner surface of container body 1) 3: fluid content 5: sealing foil 7: head space 8: fine protrusions 9: small protrusions 9 having height lower than fine protrusions 8 30: lubricating liquid 31: liquid pool