Coated Multilayer Metal Cooking Vessel That Can Be Heated By Induction
20230049608 · 2023-02-16
Assignee
Inventors
Cpc classification
A47J27/002
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A47J36/02
HUMAN NECESSITIES
B32B2307/746
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B32B37/10
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
B32B15/012
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
International classification
B32B15/01
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
A47J36/02
HUMAN NECESSITIES
Abstract
The invention relates to a coated multilayer metal cooking vessel compatible with induction heating, comprising a metal body having a heating face bearing a protective coating and a cooking face bearing a non-stick coating forming a cooking surface.
According to the invention, the metal body comprises an aluminum sheet which is metallurgically bonded to a double-faced aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet forming the heating face, the double-faced aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet comprising a low-carbon ferromagnetic steel substrate having on each of its two faces an outer layer comprising an aluminum-based matrix, an intermediate layer comprising iron/aluminum intermetallic compounds which are arranged between the low-carbon ferromagnetic steel substrate and the outer layer, and, at least on the bottom of the heating face, the outer layer has a thickness of less than 27 gm, preferably less than 20 μm, and more preferably less than 18 μm.
The invention also relates to a cookware article, an electrical cooking appliance and a method for obtaining a coated metal cooking vessel.
Claims
1. A coated multilayer metal cooking support compatible with induction heating, comprising a metal body including a heating face and a cooking face, the heating face having a bottom configured to face an induction heating device, the heating face carrying a protective coating, the cooking face carrying a non-stick coating forming a cooking surface, wherein the metal body is made of a metallurgically assembled aluminum sheet with a first double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet forming the heating face, and if desired, with another double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet, the double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet made of a low-carbon ferromagnetic steel substrate, having, on each of its two faces an outer layer comprising an aluminum-based matrix and an intermediate layer comprising iron/aluminum intermetallic compounds positioned between the ferromagnetic low-carbon steel substrate and the outer layer, and in that at least on the bottom of the heating face, the outer layer has a thickness of less than 27 μm, preferably less than 20 μm, and even more preferably less than 18 μm.
2. A coated multilayer metal cooking support compatible with induction heating according to claim 1, wherein the outer layer comprises Al—Fe—Si needles in an aluminum-silicon matrix.
3. A coated multilayer metal cooking support compatible with induction heating according to claim 1, wherein the low-carbon ferromagnetic steel substrate has a thickness between 0.3 and 1 mm, and preferably a thickness between 0.3 and 0.5 mm, and wherein the aluminum sheet has a thickness between 0.3 and 3 mm, and preferably a thickness between 0.5 and 1.5 mm.
4. A coated multilayer metal cooking support compatible with induction heating according to claim 1, wherein the low-carbon ferromagnetic steel substrate is made of a steel grade having at most 0.3 wt. % carbon, and preferably between 0.1 and 0.2 wt. % carbon.
5. A coated multilayer metal cooking support compatible with induction heating according to claim 1, wherein the protective coating is made directly on the heating face of the metal body.
6. A coated multilayer metal cooking support compatible with induction heating according to claim 1, wherein the protective coating is a PTFE type coating, an enamel type coating, a lacquer type coating, a ceramic type coating, or a sol-gel type coating.
7. A coated multilayer metal cooking support compatible with induction heating according to claim 6, wherein the protective coating is a PTFE type coating, a lacquer type coating, a ceramic type coating, or a sol-gel type coating, and in that the metal body comprises an aluminum-based deposit having, at least on the bottom of the heating face, a thickness of less than 30 μm, and preferably of less than 20 μm.
8. A coated multilayer metal cooking support compatible with induction heating according to claim 6, wherein the protective coating is an enamel type coating, and wherein the metal body comprises an aluminum-based deposit having, at least on the bottom of the heating face, a thickness of less than 40 μm, and preferably a thickness of less than 30 μm.
9. A coated multilayer metal cooking support compatible with induction heating according to claim 1, wherein the non-stick coating is a PTFE type coating, a ceramic type coating, or a sol-gel type coating.
10. A coated multilayer metal cooking support compatible with induction heating according to claim 1, wherein a side wall rises around the bottom of the heating face to form a cooking vessel.
11. A coated multilayer metal cooking support compatible with induction heating according to claim 1, wherein the cooking support has a pinched edge, a rolled edge, or an open rolled edge.
12. A cookware article comprising a coated multilayer metal cooking support and a gripping element coupled to the coated multilayer metal cooking support according to claim 1.
13. An electric cooking appliance comprising the coated multilayer metal cooking support according to claim 1.
14. A method of obtaining a coated multilayer metal cooking support compatible with induction heating according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: cutting or supplying a multilayer shape from a double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet metallurgically assembled with an aluminum sheet, the double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet having a first free face and a second free face, stamping the multilayer shape to form the metal body comprising the heating face corresponding to the first free face and the cooking face corresponding to the second free face, forming the protective coating on the heating face. applying the non-stick coating to the cooking face to form a cooking surface.
15. A method of obtaining a coated multilayer metal cooking support compatible with induction heating according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: cutting or supplying a multilayer shape from an aluminum sheet metallurgically assembled with a first double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet and a second double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet, the first double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet having a first free face, the second double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet having a second free face, stamping the multilayer shape to form a metal body comprising a heating face corresponding to the first free face and a cooking face corresponding to the second free face, forming a protective coating on the heating face. applying a non-stick coating to the cooking face to form a cooking surface.
16. A method for obtaining a coated multilayer metal cooking support compatible with induction heating according to claim 14, wherein after the stamping of the multilayer shape and before forming the protective coating and applying the non-stick coating, the method comprises a step of treating a peripheral part of the multilayer shape in order to obtain a pinched edge a rolled edge, or an open rolled edge.
17. A method of obtaining a coated multilayer metal cooking support compatible with induction heating according to claim 14, wherein the protective coating is a PTFE type coating, an enamel type coating, a lacquer type coating, a ceramic type coating, or a sol-gel type coating.
18. A method of obtaining a coated multilayer metal cooking support compatible with induction heating according to claim 14, wherein the non-stick coating is a PTFE type coating, a ceramic type coating, or a sol-gel type coating.
19. A method of obtaining a coated multilayer metal cooking support compatible with induction heating according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: cutting or supplying a multilayer shape from an aluminum sheet metallurgically assembled with a first double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet and a second double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet, the first double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet having a first free face, the second double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet having a second free face, forming a protective coating on the first free face and non-stick coating on the second free face to obtain a coated multilayer shape, stamping the coated multilayer shape to form a coated metal body comprising a heating face bearing the protective coating and a cooking face bearing the non-stick coating to form a cooking surface.
20. A method of obtaining a coated multilayer metal cooking support compatible with induction heating according to claim 19, wherein after the protective coating and the non-stick coating have been formed, and after the coated multilayer shape has been stamped, the method comprises a step of treating a peripheral part of the coated multilayer shape in order to obtain a pinched edge a rolled edge or an open rolled edge.
21. A method of obtaining a coated multilayer metal cooking support compatible with induction heating according to claim 19, wherein the protective coating is a PTFE type coating or a lacquer type coating.
22. A method of obtaining a coated multilayer metal cooking support compatible with induction heating according to claim 19, wherein the non-stick coating is a PTFE type coating.
23. A method of obtaining a coated multilayer metal cooking support compatible with induction heating according to claim 14, wherein the multilayer shape is a disk.
Description
[0045] Other features and attributes of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments and variants, taken by way of non-limitation, illustrated in the appended figures, wherein:
[0046]
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[0050]
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[0055]
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[0060]
[0061] The metal body 110 is made of double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet 101. The double-sided aluminization of a low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet is achieved by immersion in an aluminum-based aluminizing bath to achieve an aluminum-based deposit 115. The aluminum-based bath may include silicon, in particular between 8 and 13 wt. % silicon, to facilitate deposition on the steel. In particular, an AS-type aluminum-silicon alloy can be used, for example an AS alloy with between 8 and 13% silicon by weight. However, the use of an aluminizing bath with lower proportions of silicon, or an aluminizing bath without silicon, can be considered. The amount of material deposited on the steel sheet can be evaluated by weighing. The additional mass thus obtained makes it possible to define a thickness for the aluminum-based deposit 115 on the steel sheet. Usually, such an aluminum-based deposit 115 can reach several tens of μm.
[0062] As shown in
[0063] The low-carbon ferromagnetic steel substrate 111 may have a thickness of between 0.7 and 3 mm, particularly a thickness of between 1 and 2 mm. The material of the low-carbon ferromagnetic steel substrate 111 is chosen to be compatible with induction heating. The low-carbon ferromagnetic steel substrate 111 may be made of a steel grade having at most 0.3 wt. % carbon, and preferably between 0.1 and 0.2 wt. % carbon. The ferromagnetic substrate made of low-carbon steel 111 can in particular be made of a grade DX51 to DX56 comprising between 0.12% and 0.18 wt. % carbon and up to 0.5 wt. % silicon.
[0064] As best seen in
[0065] The thickness of this intermediate layer 113 is usually between 3 and 5 μm. However, heat treatments above 500° C. can contribute to increase the thickness of this intermediate layer 113 to the detriment of the thickness of the outer layer 112, this intermediate layer 113 can then be subdivided into several sub-layers having different aluminum/iron ratios, these ratios increasing from the ferromagnetic substrate made of low-carbon steel 111 towards the outer layer 112.
[0066] The aluminum-based outer layer 112 may include silicon, when the aluminizing bath includes silicon, particularly between 8 and 13 wt. % silicon. The outer layer 112 may then include Al—Fe—Si needles 114 in an aluminum-silicon matrix 116, as seen in the embodiment example shown in
[0067]
[0068] The metal body 110 shown in
[0069] The metal body 110 shown in
[0070] As shown in
[0071] As shown in
[0072] The coated multilayer metal cooking vessel 100 compatible with induction heating according to the invention shown in
[0073] In the embodiment of
[0074] In the embodiment example of
[0075] In the embodiment example of
[0076] If desired, the protective coating 121 can be applied directly to the heating surface 120 of the metal body 110, in particular to the outer layer 112 on the bottom side 122. If necessary, a surface preparation can be carried out on the heating surface 120 before the protective coating 121 is made. In particular, the protective coating 121 may be a PTFE type coating, or an enamel type coating, or a lacquer type coating, or a ceramic type coating, or a sol-gel type coating.
[0077] If desired, the non-stick coating 131 can be applied directly to the cooking face 130 of the metal body 110. If necessary, a surface preparation can be carried out on the cooking side 130 before the protective coating 121 is made. In particular, the non-stick coating 131 may be a PTFE type coating, or a ceramic type coating, or a sol-gel type coating.
[0078] As shown in
[0079] Tests with several induction plates have shown that the relevant parameter for achieving compatibility with induction heating on different induction heating devices is the thickness of the outer layer 112 on the bottom 122 of the heating face 120, not the thickness of the aluminum-based deposit 115 on the bottom 122 of the heating face 120. The induction plates used are described in Table 1.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 MIELE ® THOR ® BRANDT ® Ref KM5946 TTI63R TI312 BT1 Power 3000 W 2300 W 2000 W Ø inducer 260 mm 220 mm 210 mm
[0080] Indeed, these tests have shown that the limit value of the thickness of the aluminum-based deposit 115 on the bottom 122 of the heating face 120 to obtain a coupling on an induction plate is of the order of 30 μm when the protective coating 121 is a PTFE type coating, or a lacquer type coating or a ceramic type coating, or a sol-gel type coating, but that the limit value of the thickness of the aluminum-based deposit 115 on the bottom 122 of the heating face 120 to obtain coupling on an induction plate is of the order of 40 μm when the protective coating 121 is an enamel type coating. These tests also showed that a satisfactory coupling was obtained with all the induction plates below a thickness of aluminum-based deposit 115 on the bottom 122 of the heating face 120 of the order of 20 μm, when the protective coating 121 is a PTFE type coating, or a lacquer type coating, or a ceramic type coating, or a sol-gel type coating; and below an aluminum-based deposit thickness 115 on the bottom 122 of the heating face 120 of the order of 30 μm, when the protective coating 121 is an enamel type coating. The use of an enamel type coating requires firing temperatures in the range of 550° C. to 600° C. Above 500° C., a diffusion phenomenon taking place at the steel/aluminum interface favors the formation of iron/aluminum intermetallic compounds, which displaces the interface between the intermediate layer 113 and the outer layer 112, and reduces the thickness of the outer layer 112.
[0081] The thickness of the intermediate layer 113 is of the order of 3 to 5 μm, but can be greater in particular in the case of heat treatment favoring the growth of the thickness of the intermediate layer 113, if necessary, in the form of several sub-layers, and/or the reduction of the thickness of the outer layer 112.
[0082] The thickness of the outer layer 112 on the bottom 122 of the heating face 120 is critical to the compatibility of the coated multilayer metal cooking vessel 100 with induction heating. A thickness of less than 27 μm for the outer layer 112 on the bottom 122 of the heating face 120 is considered a limiting value for achieving coupling on an induction plate. For the outer layer 112 on the bottom 122 of the heating face 120, a thickness of less than 26 μm gives a better result than a thickness of less than 27 μm, a thickness of less than 25 μm gives a better result than a thickness of less than 26 μm, a thickness of less than 24 μm gives a better result than a thickness of less than 25 μm, a thickness of less than 23 μm gives a better result than a thickness of less than 24 μm, a thickness of less than 22 μm gives a better result than a thickness of less than 23 μm, a thickness of less than 21 μm gives a better result than a thickness of less than 22 iim, a thickness of less than 20 μm gives a better result than a thickness of less than 21 μm, a thickness of less than 19 μm gives a better result than a thickness of less than 20 μm, a thickness of less than 18 μm gives a better result than a thickness of less than 19 μm, a thickness of less than 17 μm gives a better result than a thickness of less than 18 μm. A thickness of less than 20 μm for the outer layer 112 on the bottom 122 of the heating face 120 allows for a fairly satisfactory coupling with induction plates. A thickness of less than 18 μm for the outer layer 112 on the bottom 122 of the heating face 120 allows for a very satisfactory coupling with the induction plates. The efficiency (power absorbed by the coated multilayer metal cooking vessel 100/power emitted by the induction plate) can approach 100%. The heating speed is very fast.
[0083] As shown in
[0084] As shown in
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[0087] The coated multilayer metal cooking vessel 100 compatible with induction heating according to the invention can be obtained by various methods.
[0088] A first method of obtaining a coated multilayer metal cooking vessel 100 compatible with induction heating includes the following steps: [0089] Cutting or supplying a multilayer shape from a double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet 101 metallurgically assembled with an aluminum sheet 102, the double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet 101 having a first free face, the aluminum sheet 102 having a second free face, [0090] Stamping of the multilayer shape to form the metal body 110 comprising the heating face 120 corresponding to the first free face and the cooking face 130 corresponding to the second free face, [0091] Production of the protective coating 121 on the heating face 120, [0092] The non-stick coating 131 is applied to the cooking face 130 to form the cooking surface 132.
[0093] A second method of obtaining a coated multilayer metal cooking vessel 100 compatible with induction heating comprises the following steps: [0094] Cutting or supplying a multilayer shape from an aluminum sheet 102 metallurgically assembled with a double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet 101 and with another double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet 103, the double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet 101 having a first free face, the other double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet 103 having a second free face, [0095] Stamping of the multilayer shape to form the metal body 110 comprising the heating face 120 corresponding to the first free face and the cooking face 130 corresponding to the second free face, [0096] Production of the protective coating 121 on the heating face 120, [0097] The non-stick coating 131 is applied to the cooking face 130 to form the cooking surface 132.
[0098] In particular, the multilayer shape can be a disk. If desired after drawing the multilayer shape and before making the protective coating 121 and the non-stick coating 131, the first method or the second method may include a step of treating a peripheral portion of the multilayer shape to obtain a pinched edge 125 or a rolled edge 126 or an open rolled edge 127.
[0099] In this first method or in this second method, the protective coating 121 and the non-stick coating 131 are made after the shaping operation. The range of coatings that can be used is wide. In particular, the protective coating 121 may be a PTFE type coating, or an enamel type coating, or a lacquer type coating, or a ceramic type coating, or a sol-gel type coating. In particular, the non-stick coating 131 may be a PTFE type coating, or a ceramic type coating, or a sol-gel type coating.
[0100] A third method of obtaining a coated multilayer metal cooking vessel 100 compatible with induction heating comprises the following steps: [0101] Cutting or supplying a multilayer shape from an aluminum sheet metallurgically assembled with a double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet 101 and with another double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet 103, the double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet 101 having a first free face, the other double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet 103 having a second free face, [0102] Protective coating 121 on the first free face and non-stick coating 131 on the second free face to obtain a coated multilayer shape, [0103] Stamping the coated multilayer shape to form the coated metal body 110 comprising the heating face 120 bearing the protective coating 121 and the cooking face 130 bearing the non-stick coating 131 to form the cooking surface 132.
[0104] In particular, the multilayer shape can be a disk. If desired, after the protective coating 121 and the non-stick coating 131 have been applied, and after the coated multilayer shape has been drawn, the third method may include a step of treating a peripheral portion of the shape to obtain a pinched edge 125 or a rolled edge 126 or an open rolled edge 127.
[0105] In this third method, the protective coating 121 and the non-stick coating 131 are performed prior to the shaping operation. As a result, the range of coatings that can be used is more limited.
[0106] The protective coating 121 and the non-stick coating 131 shall allow the shape to be formed by stamping the shape. In particular, the protective coating 121 can be a PTFE type coating or a lacquer type coating. In particular, the non-stick coating 131 may be a PTFE type coating.
[0107] The use of a metal body 110 consisting on one of its faces of a double-sided aluminized low-carbon ferromagnetic steel sheet 101 to make the coated multilayer metal cooking vessel 100 allows conventional manufacturing processes to be used, limiting the investment required.
[0108] The coated multilayer metal cooking vessel 100 is very strong mechanically. The efficiency (power input/power output of the induction heater) is very high, especially if the thickness of the aluminum-based deposit 115 is less than 20 μm. The heating speed is high: approximately 15 seconds for a 28 cm diameter pan against about 1 min 30 for a standard aluminum pan of the same diameter with a stainless-steel insert for compatibility with induction heating. Energy savings can be achieved, as the power supplied by the induction heater may be lower.
[0109] With a two-layer construction according to the embodiment example of
[0110] With a two-layer construction according to the embodiment example of
[0111] With a three-layer construction according to the embodiment example of
[0112] Various modifications and/or improvements that are obvious for the person skilled in the art can be made to the exemplary embodiments of the invention described in this description without departing from the scope of the invention defined by the appended claims.