METHOD FOR PRODUCING WATER-ATOMIZED METAL POWDER

Abstract

A method for producing water-atomized metal powder by dividing a molten metal stream, which is falling in a vertical direction, by spraying cooling water that impinges on the molten metal stream includes a step of spraying the cooling water at a spray pressure of 10 MPa or more and a spread angle in a range of 5 to 30 from each of three or more cooling water discharge ports arranged remote from the falling molten metal stream. The droplet diameter of the cooling water: 100 m or less, the convergence angle: 5 to 10, and the water/molten steel ratio: 50 or more.

Claims

1. A method for producing water-atomized metal powder by dividing a molten metal stream, which is falling in a vertical direction, by spraying cooling water that impinges on the molten metal stream, the method comprising: a step of spraying the cooling water at a spray pressure of 10 MPa or more and a spread angle in a range of 5 to 30 from each of three or more cooling water discharge ports arranged remote from the falling molten metal stream, wherein a droplet diameter of the cooling water discharged toward the molten metal stream is 100 m or less in Sauter mean, a trajectory of the cooling water discharged toward the molten metal stream and a trajectory of the molten metal stream form a convergence angle in a range of 5 to 10, a water/molten steel ratio (F/M) of an amount F (kg/min) of the cooling water discharged toward the molten metal stream to an amount M (kg/min) of the falling molten metal stream is 50 or more, and the metal powder has a total Fe, Ni, and Co content of 76.0 at % or more and 86.0 at % or less in atomic percent, and an average particle diameter of less than 50 m, an apparent density of 3.5 g/cm.sup.3 or more, a circularity of 0.90 or more, and an amorphous proportion of 90% or more.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a production apparatus for water-atomized metal powder used for the production of a present embodiment.

[0045] FIG. 2 schematically illustrates an atomizing apparatus used for the production of the present embodiment.

[0046] FIG. 3 illustrates the state of a spray from a flat fan spray nozzle.

[0047] FIG. 4 illustrates the state of a spray from the flat spray nozzle as viewed from side relative to FIG. 3.

[0048] FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining one example of a method for measuring the spread angle G.

[0049] FIG. 6 illustrates the state of a spray from a flat spray nozzle as viewed from the top relative to FIG. 2.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

[0050] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention are described. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0051] A production method for water-atomized metal powder according to an embodiment is a method for producing water-atomized metal powder by dividing a molten metal stream, which is falling in a vertical direction, by spraying cooling water that impinges on the molten metal stream, the method including: a step of spraying the cooling water at a spray pressure of 10 MPa or more and a spread angle in a range of 5 to 30 from each of three or more cooling water discharge ports arranged remote from the falling molten metal stream, in which a droplet diameter of the cooling water discharged toward the molten metal stream is 100 m or less in Sauter mean, a trajectory of the cooling water discharged toward the molten metal stream and a trajectory of the molten metal stream form a convergence angle in a range of 5 to 10, a water/molten steel ratio (F/M) of an amount F (kg/min) of the cooling water discharged toward the molten metal stream to an amount M (kg/min) of the falling molten metal stream is 50 or more.

[0052] The metal powder obtained by this method has a total Fe, Ni, and Co content of 76.0 at % or more and 86.0 at % or less in atomic percent, an average particle diameter of less than 50 m, an apparent density of 3.5 g/cm.sup.3 or more, a circularity of 0.90 or more, and an amorphous proportion of 90% or more.

[0053] In the present embodiment, a preferable production apparatus for water-atomized metal powder and a method for producing the water-atomized metal powder are described together.

[0054] FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a production apparatus for water-atomized metal powder used for the production of a present embodiment. FIG. 2 schematically illustrates an atomizing apparatus used for the production of the present embodiment. FIGS. 3 and 4 each illustrate the state of a spray from a flat fan spray nozzle.

[0055] The production apparatus for water-atomized metal powder illustrated in FIG. 1 is constituted by an atomizing apparatus 14, a cooling water high-pressure pump 17, and a cooling water tank 15. Regarding the cooling water, the temperature inside the cooling water tank 15 is adjusted by using a cooling water temperature adjuster 16, and the cooling water is fed to the cooling water high-pressure pump 17, and then fed to the atomizing apparatus 14 from the cooling water high-pressure pump 17 through a cooling water pipe (water feed pipe from a high-pressure pump) 18. Furthermore, in the atomizing apparatus 14, cooling water 7 is sprayed from a cooling water nozzle (spray nozzle) 5 toward a molten metal stream 6 falling in the vertical direction so as to divide the molten metal stream 6 into metal powder, and this metal powder is cooled to produce the metal powder. Although one cooling water high-pressure pump 17 is illustrated in the drawing, two or more cooling water high-pressure pumps 17 may be provided for each cooling water.

[0056] The atomizing apparatus 14 illustrated in FIG. 2 includes a tundish 1, a molten steel nozzle 3, a nozzle header 4, cooling water nozzles (spray nozzles) 5A and 5B, a water feed pipe 18 from the high-pressure pump, and a chamber 19.

[0057] The tundish 1 is a container-like member into which molten steel 2 melted in a melting furnace is poured. A common tundish may be used as the tundish 1. As illustrated in FIG. 1, an opening is formed in the bottom of the tundish 1 for connecting with the molten steel nozzle 3.

[0058] The composition of water-atomized metal powder to be produced can be adjusted by adjusting the composition of the molten steel 2. The production method of the present embodiment is suitable for producing atomized metal powder having a total Fe, Ni, and Co content of 76.0 at % or more and 86.0 at % or less in atomic percent and an average particle diameter of less than 50 m. The atomized metal powder preferably contains at least one selected from Si, P, and B, and preferably further contains Cu. Thus, in order to produce water-atomized metal powder having the aforementioned composition, the composition of the molten steel 2 may be adjusted to be within the aforementioned range.

[0059] The molten steel nozzle 3 is a cylindrical body connected to the opening in the bottom of the tundish 1. The molten steel 2 passes through the inside of the molten steel nozzle 3. If the molten steel nozzle 3 has a large length, the temperature of the molten steel 2 decreases while passing therethrough. Thus, the melting temperature in the melting furnace needs to be determined by taking the decrease in temperature in the molten steel nozzle 3 into account. The length of the molten steel nozzle 3 depends on the thickness of the nozzle header 4. For a high spray pressure, the nozzle header needs to be thick to withstand the pressure, and the length of the molten steel nozzle 3 also needs to be altered. The amount of falling molten steel per unit time (amount M (kg/min) of falling molten metal stream) can be adjusted by the spray hole diameter of the molten steel nozzle 3.

[0060] The spray nozzles 5A and 5B are suitable for discharging cooling water 7 that will impinge on the molten metal stream 6, and the ratio of the amount F of cooling water 7 discharged from the discharge ports of the spray nozzles 5A and 5B to the amount M of the molten steel is the water/molten steel ratio (F/M). In this embodiment, this water/molten steel ratio (F/M) is adjusted to 50 or more.

[0061] At a water/molten steel ratio (F/M) of less than 50, the cooling rate is low, and the powder is likely to crystallize entirely or partly; thus, the desired amorphous proportion may not be obtained. The water/molten steel ratio (F/M) is preferably 80 or more and more preferably 100 or more.

[0062] The spray nozzles 5A and 5B allow the cooling water 7 to impinge on the molten metal stream 6 falling in the vertical direction through the inside of the molten steel nozzle 3 by spraying the cooling water 7 toward the molten metal stream 6. As a result, the molten metal stream 6 is divided and metal powder is obtained.

[0063] The spray nozzles 5A and 5B are preferably arranged on a circumference at a regular interval (equal angle) to maintain symmetricity of atomization. In this embodiment, cooling water 7 is discharged from each of three or more cooling water discharge ports arranged remote from the falling molten metal stream 6. Three or more spray nozzles 5A and 5B are preferably provided on the lower portion of the nozzle header 4 to match the number of the cooling water discharge ports. The number of spray nozzles 5A and 5B is preferably large in order to reduce density variation (region where the amount of sprayed water is small and region where the amount of sprayed water is large) in the water film formed by the cooling water 7 sprayed from the nozzle, but is preferably 36 or less since there is a limit to the number of nozzles that can be placed on the circumference and that can be installed in the process. The number of spray nozzles 5A and 5B is more preferably 8 or more. The number of spray nozzles 5A and 5B is more preferably 18 or less. The number of spray nozzles 5A and 5B may be an odd number or an even number.

[0064] The structure of the spray nozzles 5A and 5B is not particularly limited, but flat spray nozzles are preferably used. As illustrated in FIG. 3, when viewed in the falling direction of the molten metal stream 6, in other words, in a vertical section in the falling direction of the molten metal stream 6, water is sprayed toward the molten metal stream 6 such that droplets from the cooling water discharge port 5X spread in a fan shape toward the molten metal stream 6 (also see FIG. 6 described below).

[0065] As illustrated in FIG. 3, the spread angle refers to an angle formed between the trajectories of water droplets at the two ends (outermost ends) on the assumption that the cooling water discharge port 5X is the center of the circle of the fan shape.

[0066] FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining one example of a specific method for measuring the spread angle . As illustrated in FIG. 5, a transparent acrylic grid box having particular dimensions (for example, a height of 300 mm, a length of 150 mm, and a width of 700 mm) and divided at a particular pitch (for example, a 10 mm pitch) is prepared, the spray nozzles 5A and 5B are installed at particular positions from the upper edge of the grid box (for example, at positions 1 m from the upper edge of the transparent acrylic grid box), and the cooling water 7 is sprayed vertically downward such that the sprayed cooling water 7 does not spill out of the grid box. Spraying is stopped the moment the cooling water 7 reaches the upper edge (100%) of the grid box, and the angle formed between the aforementioned circle center and the two end positions of the range where the cooling water 7 fills a particular proportion of the grid cells (this may be set to 80% or more, 75% or more, or 70% or more) may be assumed to be the spread angle .

[0067] Meanwhile, as illustrated in FIG. 4, when viewed from the side of the plane where the water droplets spread as illustrated in FIG. 3 (this side is a YZ plane orthogonal to an XZ plane along which the water droplets spread, and is also referred to as a section), flat spray nozzles spray water droplets without spreading. Here, in the direction illustrated in FIG. 4, the spread angle in the thickness direction (section direction) is preferably 2 or less and more preferably 1.5 or less, and preferably 1 or more.

[0068] In contrast, the spread angle of the water droplets illustrated in FIG. 3 is 5 to 30.

When is less than 5, density variation of the cooling water 7 described above is likely to occur. In other words, in the molten metal stream 6, the sparce portion exposed to less sprayed cooling water 7 is likely to generate coarse particles whereas the dense portion exposed to more sprayed cooling water 7 is likely to generate particles with a low apparent density due to a strong cooling effect. Thus, the desired apparent density and circularity may not be obtained. Meanwhile, at exceeding 30, adjacent fan-shaped sprays of cooling water 7 interfere with each other, and thus the cooling energy of the high-pressure spray is lost. Thus, coarse particles are likely to be generated and crystallization easily occurs due to low cooling performance. Therefore, the desired average particle diameter and amorphous proportion may not be obtained. Thus, the spread angle of the water droplets is to be 5 to 30. More preferably, is 8 or more and yet more preferably 10 or more. More preferably, is 20 or less and yet more preferably 15 or less.

[0069] FIG. 6 illustrates the state of sprays from flat spray nozzles as viewed from the top relative to FIG. 2. When multiple flat spray nozzles having the aforementioned structure are used, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the cooling water 7 is sprayed so as to spread toward the center (toward the molten metal stream 6) as viewed from the top of the device 14 in the direction (vertical direction) of the fall of the molten metal stream 6 illustrated in FIG. 2. FIG. 2 is a diagram of the section A in FIG. 6 as viewed in the vertical direction of the section A.

[0070] The spray pressure is set to 10 MPa or more. At a spray pressure of less than 10 MPa, the strength is not sufficient for atomizing water, and the obtained atomized metal powder fails to have the desired average particle diameter. In addition, the desired amorphous proportion may not be obtained. Thus, the spray pressure is set to 10 MPa or more. The spray pressure is preferably 12 MPa or more and more preferably 15 MPa or more. The spray pressure is preferably 100 MPa or less and more preferably 50 MPa or less.

[0071] As described above, in the production method for water-atomized metal powder according to this embodiment, cooling water is sprayed at a spray pressure of 10 MPa or more and a spread angle in the range of 5 to 30 from each of three or more cooling water discharge ports arranged remote from the falling molten metal stream.

The spray pressure refers to the pressure of water inside the nozzle header 4, is a pressure of the cooling water discharged from the cooling water discharge port 5X, and is preliminarily set by the design of the spray nozzles 5A and 5B.

[0072] The distance LJ (see FIG. 2) between the cooling water discharge port 5X of each of the spray nozzles 5A and 5B and the contact position with the molten metal stream 6 is not particularly limited but is preferably 50 mm or more. The distance LJ is preferably 200 mm or less.

When the distance LJ is excessively large, the energy of the sprayed cooling water 7 is lost and the particles tend to be coarse; in contrast, when the distance LJ is excessively small, density variation in the sprayed cooling water 7 is likely to occur. Thus, the distance LJ is preferably 50 mm or more and more preferably 80 mm or more. The distance LJ is preferably 200 mm or less and more preferably 150 mm or less.

[0073] The droplet diameter of the cooling water 7 discharged toward the molten metal stream 6 is 100 m or less in Sauter mean (D.sub.32). When the droplet diameter in Sauter mean is more than 100 m, the amount of the molten metal stream 6 that comes into contact with the droplets during division of the molten metal stream 6 increases, and thus the desired average particle diameter is not obtained.

[0074] As the average particle diameter increases, the amount of cooling water needed per one particle of the powder increases, and amorphization may become difficult. Thus, the droplet diameter in Sauter mean is to be 100 m or less. In addition, the droplet diameter is preferably 80 m or less and more preferably 50 m or less.

[0075] The droplet diameter is measured off-line by a PDA method, and, if measurement by the PDA method is difficult due to a high spray pressure, the droplet diameter is determined by image analysis by taking an image with a high-speed camera at one million frames/sec or higher.

[0076] Moreover, as indicated by sign in FIG. 2, the convergence angle formed between the trajectory of the molten metal stream and the trajectory of cooling water 7 discharged toward the molten metal stream 6 from each of the three or more cooling water discharge ports 5X arranged remote from the falling molten metal stream 6 is adjusted to be 5 to 10. Here, the trajectory refers to a straight-line trajectory formed by connecting the center position of a region where the cooling water 7 contacts the molten metal stream 6 to the cooling water discharge port 5X.

[0077] When is less than 5, the energy of dividing the molten metal stream 6 decreases, and thus the desired amorphous proportion may not be obtained. In contrast, when exceeds 10, the impact force that divides the molten metal stream 6 is strong, and the cooling effect is intensified; thus, the desired circularity may not be obtained. Thus, the convergence angle is to be 5 to 10. Preferably, the convergence angle is 7.5 or more. In FIG. 2, two cooling discharge ports 5X face each other and a pair of sprays of the cooling water 7 are discharged toward the molten metal stream. In FIG. 2, denotes the angle (installation angle) formed between the trajectory of one of the sprays of the cooling water 7 and the trajectory of the other spray of the cooling water 7, and since is 5 to 10, is 10 to 20.

[0078] The chamber 19 forms a space for producing metal powder under the nozzle header 4. The metal powder produced by water atomization is stored in the chamber 19 along with water, dehydrated, and dried at a temperature of 200 C. or lower to obtain metal powder free of water.

[0079] Next, the average particle diameter, apparent density, circularity, and amorphous proportion of the obtained metal powder are measured.

[0080] The apparent density is measured in accordance with JIS Z 2504:2012.

[0081] The circularity is measured by using Morphologi Particle Image Analyzer (G3SE) by acquiring projection images of about 5000 powder particles dispersed over a mount and binarizing the particle data of the projection images to determine the volume-average value (C.sub.50) through the image analysis.

[0082] The amorphous proportion is calculated by removing foreign matters other than the metal powder from the obtained metal powder, measuring the halo peaks from the amorphous phases and the diffraction peaks from the crystals by X-ray diffractometry, and calculating the amorphous proportion by a WPPD method. Here, the WPPD method stands for the whole-powder-pattern decomposition method, and the detailed description therefor is provided in Hideo TORAYA, Journal of the Crystallographic Society of Japan, vol. 30 (1988), No. 4, pp. 253 to 258.

[0083] The particle diameter is calculated as the average particle diameter (D.sub.50) by a cumulative method. In addition, laser diffraction/scattering-type particle size distribution measurement can be employed.

[0084] The metal powder obtained as such has a total Fe, Ni, and Co content of 76.0 at % or more and 86.0 at % or less in atomic percent, an average particle diameter of less than 50 m, an apparent density of 3.5 g/cm.sup.3 or more, a circularity of 0.90 or more, and an amorphous proportion of 90% or more.

EXAMPLES

[0085] Examples and Comparative Examples were carried out using equipment similar to the production equipment illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.

[0086] In the atomizing apparatus, 12, 4, or 2 spray nozzles were arranged on a circumference at regular intervals on a plane perpendicular to the direction of the fall of the molten metal stream, and the convergence angle formed between the trajectory of the cooling water discharged toward the molten metal stream and the trajectory of the molten metal stream was set to 2.5 to 15. In other words, the spray nozzles were placed on a circumference on a plane perpendicular to the direction of the fall of the molten metal stream, and the installation angle of the two spray nozzles facing each other was set to 5 to 30. Here, facing means that the spray nozzles are placed within the range of 18010 with respect to the center axis coincident with the direction of the fall of the molten metal stream. In addition, the spread angle of the flat spray nozzle illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4 used in Examples was set to 3 to 40. The amount F of cooling water was adjusted to be within 120 to 500 kg/min, and the spray pressure was set to be in the range of 5 to 30 MPa. The spray nozzles were altered so that the intended amount of water and spray pressure were achieved.

[0087] To carry out the production methods of Examples and Comparative Examples, soft magnetic materials having the following compositions were prepared. Here, % means at %. (i) to (v) are Fe-based soft magnetic materials, (vi) is a (Fe+Co)-based soft magnetic material, and (vii) is a (Fe+Co+Ni)-based soft magnetic material. [0088] (i) Fe 76.0%-Si 9.0%-B 10.0%-P 5.0% [0089] (ii) Fe 78.0%-Si 9.0%-B 9.0%-P 4.0% [0090] (iii) Fe 80.0%-Si 8.0%-B 8.0%-P 4.0% [0091] (iv) Fe 82.8%-B 11.0%-P 5.0%-Cu 1.2% [0092] (v) Fe 84.8%-Si 4.0%-B 10.0%-Cu 1.2% [0093] (vi) Fe 69.8%-Co 15.0%-B 10.0%-P 4.0%-Cu 1.2% [0094] (vii) Fe 69.8%-Ni 1.2%-Co 15.0%-B 9.4%-P 3.4%-Cu 1.2%

[0095] Tables 1 and 2 indicate the raw material conditions, atomization conditions, and powder evaluation of Examples and Comparative Examples.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Atomization conditions Water droplet Amount (droplet) M of Type Sauter Raw material conditions falling and mean Fe + molten Convergence number Spray diameter Ni + Co steel angle of pressure [D.sub.32] No. Composition (at %) (at %) (kg/min) () nozzles (MPa) (m) Example (i) Fe76.0Si9.0B10.0P5.0 76.0 4 to 5 10 30 30 54 1 (ii) Fe78.0Si9.0B9.0P4.0 78.0 fan (iii) Fe80.0Si8.0B8.0P4.0 80.0 spray (iv) Fe82.8B11.0P5.0Cu1.2 82.8 12 (v) Fe84.8Si4.0B10.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vi) Fe69.8Co15.0B10.0P4.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vii) 86.0 Fe69.8Ni1.2Co15.0B9.4P3.4Cu1.2 Example (i) Fe76.0Si9.0B10.0P5.0 76.0 4 to 5 10 15 30 52 2 (ii) Fe78.0Si9.0B9.0P4.0 78.0 fan (iii) Fe80.0Si8.0B8.0P4.0 80.0 spray (iv) Fe82.8B11.0P5.0Cu1.2 82.8 12 (v) Fe84.8Si4.0B10.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vi) Fe69.8Co15.0B10.0P4.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vii) 86.0 Fe69.8Ni1.2Co15.0B9.4P3.4Cu1.2 Example (i) Fe76.0Si9.0B10.0P5.0 76.0 4 to 5 10 5 fan 30 47 3 (ii) Fe78.0Si9.0B9.0P4.0 78.0 spray (iii) Fe80.0Si8.0B8.0P4.0 80.0 12 (iv) Fe82.8B11.0P5.0Cu1.2 82.8 (v) Fe84.8Si4.0B10.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vi) Fe69.8Co15.0B10.0P4.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vii) 86.0 Fe69.8Ni1.2Co15.0B9.4P3.4Cu1.2 Example (i) Fe76.0Si9.0B10.0P5.0 76.0 4 to 5 5.0 15 30 52 4 (ii) Fe78.0Si9.0B9.0P4.0 78.0 fan (iii) Fe80.0Si8.0B8.0P4.0 80.0 spray (iv) Fe82.8B11.0P5.0Cu1.2 82.8 12 (v) Fe84.8Si4.0B10.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vi) Fe69.8Co15.0B10.0P4.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vii) 86.0 Fe69.8Ni1.2Co15.0B9.4P3.4Cu1.2 Example (i) Fe76.0Si9.0B10.0P5.0 76.0 4 to 5 7.5 15 30 52 5 (ii) Fe78.0Si9.0B9.0P4.0 78.0 fan (iii) Fe80.0Si8.0B8.0P4.0 80.0 spray (iv) Fe82.8B11.0P5.0Cu1.2 82.8 12 (v) Fe84.8Si4.0B10.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vi) Fe69.8Co15.0B10.0P4.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vii) 86.0 Fe69.8Ni1.2Co15.0B9.4P3.4Cu1.2 Example (i) Fe76.0Si9.0B10.0P5.0 76.0 4 to 5 10 15 30 64 6 (ii) Fe78.0Si9.0B9.0P4.0 78.0 fan (iii) Fe80.0Si8.0B8.0P4.0 80.0 spray (iv) Fe82.8B11.0P5.0Cu1.2 82.8 4 (v) Fe84.8Si4.0B10.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vi) Fe69.8Co15.0B10.0P4.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vii) 86.0 Fe69.8Ni1.2Co15.0B9.4P3.4Cu1.2 Example (i) Fe76.0Si9.0B10.0P5.0 76.0 4 to 5 10 15 15 89 7 (ii) Fe78.0Si9.0B9.0P4.0 78.0 fan (iii) Fe80.0Si8.0B8.0P4.0 80.0 spray (iv) Fe82.8B11.0P5.0Cu1.2 82.8 12 (v) Fe84.8Si4.0B10.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vi) Fe69.8Co15.0B10.0P4.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vii) 86.0 Fe69.8Ni1.2Co15.0B9.4P3.4Cu1.2 Example (i) Fe76.0Si9.0B10.0P5.0 76.0 4 to 5 10 15 30 55 8 (ii) Fe78.0Si9.0B9.0P4.0 78.0 fan (iii) Fe80.0Si8.0B8.0P4.0 80.0 spray (iv) Fe82.8B11.0P5.0Cu1.2 82.8 12 (v) Fe84.8Si4.0B10.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vi) Fe69.8Co15.0B10.0P4.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vii) 86.0 Fe69.8Ni1.2Co15.0B9.4P3.4Cu1.2 Example (i) Fe76.0Si9.0B10.0P5.0 76.0 4 to 5 10 15 30 58 9 (ii) Fe78.0Si9.0B9.0P4.0 78.0 fan (iii) Fe80.0Si8.0B8.0P4.0 80.0 spray (iv) Fe82.8B11.0P5.0Cu1.2 82.8 12 (v) Fe84.8Si4.0B10.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vi) Fe69.8Co15.0B10.0P4.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vii) 86.0 Fe69.8Ni1.2Co15.0B9.4P3.4Cu1.2 Atomization conditions Amount Powder evaluation F of Average sprayed Water/molten particle cooling steel ratio diameter Apparent Circularity Amorphous Pass water F/M [D.sub.50] density [C.sub.50] proportion or No. (kg/min) () (m) (g/cm.sup.3) () (%) fail Example 250 50 to 62.5 35.4 4.24 0.99 100 1 34.4 4.22 0.99 100 34.8 4.24 0.99 100 33.6 4.21 0.99 98 33.3 4.23 0.99 97 33.5 4.19 0.98 94 31.4 4.15 0.97 92 Example 250 50 to 62.5 32.9 4.11 0.97 100 2 32.7 4.12 0.98 100 32.2 4.03 0.97 100 32.6 3.97 0.96 99 32.5 3.98 0.96 99 30.2 3.91 0.96 97 29.8 3.88 0.96 93 Example 250 50 to 62.5 28.4 3.98 0.96 100 3 28.3 3.97 0.97 100 28.5 3.91 0.97 100 27.6 3.87 0.96 100 27.5 3.89 0.95 98 27.0 3.88 0.95 98 27.3 3.72 0.95 94 Example 250 50 to 62.5 37.2 4.29 0.99 100 4 37.3 4.24 0.99 100 36.9 4.25 0.99 99 37.1 4.22 0.99 97 37.1 4.24 0.99 94 36.2 4.21 0.99 93 35.5 4.18 0.98 91 Example 250 50 to 62.5 35.3 4.31 0.99 100 5 35.0 4.25 0.99 100 34.9 4.24 0.99 100 33.7 4.25 0.99 97 33.6 4.21 0.99 95 33.2 4.21 0.99 94 31.8 4.20 0.99 91 Example 250 50 to 62.5 35.8 3.98 0.97 100 6 34.9 4.01 0.98 100 34.0 3.89 0.97 98 34.2 3.88 0.96 98 33.9 3.85 0.96 96 33.7 3.84 0.96 93 33.0 3.72 0.95 92 Example 250 50 to 62.5 46.5 4.12 0.98 99 7 45.5 4.13 0.99 99 45.8 4.12 0.99 98 45.3 4.13 0.99 97 45.5 4.04 0.97 96 44.5 3.89 0.95 92 43.9 3.90 0.96 90 Example 400 80-100 37.2 3.97 0.97 100 8 36.3 3.99 0.98 100 34.5 3.89 0.96 100 35.2 3.88 0.96 100 33.9 3.87 0.95 98 33.8 3.82 0.95 97 33.1 3.71 0.95 95 Example 500 100-125 38.8 3.92 0.96 100 9 37.8 3.92 0.97 100 37.1 3.88 0.96 100 36.3 3.85 0.95 100 36.2 3.82 0.95 100 35.0 3.81 0.94 100 34.1 3.70 0.92 98

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Atomization conditions Amount M of Type Raw material conditions falling and Fe + molten Convergence number Spray Ni + Co steel angle of pressure No. Composition (at %) (at %) (kg/min) () nozzles (MPa) Comparative Example (i) Fe76.0Si9.0B10.0P5.0 76.0 4 to 5 10 Solid 15 1 (ii) Fe78.0Si9.0B9.0P4.0 78.0 (line) (iii) Fe80.0Si8.0B8.0P4.0 80.0 nozzle (iv) Fe82.8B11.0P5.0Cu1.2 82.8 12 (v) Fe84.8Si4.0B10.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vi) Fe69.8Co15.0B10.0P4.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vii) 86.0 Fe69.8Ni1.2Co15.0B9.4P3.4Cu1.2 Comparative Example (i) Fe76.0Si9.0B10.0P5.0 76.0 4 to 5 10 3 30 2 (ii) Fe78.0Si9.0B9.0P4.0 78.0 fan (iii) Fe80.0Si8.0B8.0P4.0 80.0 spray (iv) Fe82.8B11.0P5.0Cu1.2 82.8 12 (v) Fe84.8Si4.0B10.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vi) Fe69.8Co15.0B10.0P4.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vii) 86.0 Fe69.8Ni1.2Co15.0B9.4P3.4Cu1.2 Comparative Example (i) Fe76.0Si9.0B10.0P5.0 76.0 4 to 5 10 40 30 3 (ii) Fe78.0Si9.0B9.0P4.0 78.0 fan (iii) Fe80.0Si8.0B8.0P4.0 80.0 spray (iv) Fe82.8B11.0P5.0Cu1.2 82.8 12 (v) Fe84.8Si4.0B10.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vi) Fe69.8Co15.0B10.0P4.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vii) 86.0 Fe69.8Ni1.2Co15.0B9.4P3.4Cu1.2 Comparative Example (i) Fe76.0Si9.0B10.0P5.0 76.0 4 to 5 10 15 5 4 (ii) Fe78.0Si9.0B9.0P4.0 78.0 fan (iii) Fe80.0Si8.0B8.0P4.0 80.0 spray (iv) Fe82.8B11.0P5.0Cu1.2 82.8 12 (v) Fe84.8Si4.0B10.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vi) Fe69.8Co15.0B10.0P4.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vii) 86.0 Fe69.8Ni1.2Co15.0B9.4P3.4Cu1.2 Comparative Example (i) Fe76.0Si9.0B10.0P5.0 76.0 4 to 5 2.5 15 30 5 (ii) Fe78.0Si9.0B9.0P4.0 78.0 fan (iii) Fe80.0Si8.0B8.0P4.0 80.0 spray (iv) Fe82.8B11.0P5.0Cu1.2 82.8 12 (v) Fe84.8Si4.0B10.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vi) Fe69.8Co15.0B10.0P4.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vii) 86.0 Fe69.8Ni1.2Co15.0B9.4P3.4Cu1.2 Comparative Example (i) Fe76.0Si9.0B10.0P5.0 76.0 4 to 5 15 15 30 6 (ii) Fe78.0Si9.0B9.0P4.0 78.0 fan (iii) Fe80.0Si8.0B8.0P4.0 80.0 spray (iv) Fe82.8B11.0P5.0Cu1.2 82.8 12 (v) Fe84.8Si4.0B10.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vi) Fe69.8Co15.0B10.0P4.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vii) 86.0 Fe69.8Ni1.2Co15.0B9.4P3.4Cu1.2 Comparative Example (i) Fe76.0Si9.0B10.0P5.0 76.0 4 to 5 10 15 30 7 (ii) Fe78.0Si9.0B9.0P4.0 78.0 fan (iii) Fe80.0Si8.0B8.0P4.0 80.0 spray (iv) Fe82.8B11.0P5.0Cu1.2 82.8 12 (v) Fe84.8Si4.0B10.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vi) Fe69.8Co15.0B10.0P4.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vii) Fe69.8Ni1.2Co15B9.4P3.4Cu1.2 86.0 Comparative Example (i) Fe76.0Si9.0B10.0P5.0 76.0 4 to 5 10 15 30 8 (ii) Fe78.0Si9.0B9.0P4.0 78.0 fan (iii) Fe80.0Si8.0B8.0P4.0 80.0 spray (iv) Fe82.8B11.0P5.0Cu1.2 82.8 12 (v) Fe84.8Si4.0B10.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vi) Fe69.8Co15.0B10.0P4.0Cu1.2 84.8 (vii) 86.0 Fe69.8Ni1.2Co15.0B9.4P3.4Cu1.2 Atomization conditions Water droplet (droplet) Amount Powder evaluation Sauter F of Average mean sprayed Water/molten particle diameter cooling steel ratio diameter Apparent Circularity Amorphous Pass [D.sub.32] water F/M [D.sub.50] density [C.sub.50] proportion or No. (m) (kg/min) () (m) (g/cm.sup.3) () (%) fail Comparative Example 89 250 50 to 62.5 27.3 2.83 0.79 100 x 1 26.5 2.92 0.83 100 x 25.3 2.95 0.84 100 x 26.2 2.81 0.80 100 x 25.9 2.88 0.82 98 x 25.8 2.73 0.75 96 x 24.3 2.43 0.72 95 x Comparative Example 47 250 50 to 62.5 27.8 3.35 0.87 100 x 2 27.5 3.41 0.88 100 x 27.9 3.38 0.87 100 x 25.9 3.37 0.86 99 x 26.3 3.21 0.85 97 x 26.6 3.29 0.85 97 x 25.8 3.12 0.84 93 x Comparative Example 54 250 50 to 62.5 55.3 3.98 0.97 87 x 3 55.4 3.82 0.95 88 x 55.1 3.78 0.95 84 x 54.2 3.92 0.97 83 x 54.8 3.82 0.96 78 x 54.3 3.78 0.96 74 x 53.2 3.82 0.96 47 x Comparative Example 126 250 50 to 62.5 72.3 3.92 0.97 89 x 4 71.6 3.85 0.96 87 x 70.3 3.98 0.98 83 x 72.9 4.02 0.98 81 x 68.3 3.98 0.98 73 x 65.5 3.81 0.96 71 x 67.1 3.82 0.96 43 x Comparative Example 52 250 50 to 62.5 48.8 3.99 0.98 87 x 5 47.5 3.87 0.97 82 x 44.5 3.92 0.97 81 x 46.9 3.93 0.97 77 x 44.1 3.95 0.98 75 x 48.2 3.91 0.97 74 x 45.3 3.88 0.96 79 x Comparative Example 52 250 50 to 62.5 30.2 3.12 0.85 100 x 6 28.3 3.25 0.86 100 x 27.9 3.29 0.87 98 x 28.5 3.18 0.85 98 x 28.2 3.19 0.86 97 x 27.3 3.13 0.86 92 x 27.9 2.92 0.82 90 x Comparative Example 52 120 24 to 30 45.3 3.92 0.97 87 x 7 42.9 3.89 0.96 88 x 43.2 3.85 0.96 86 x 44.9 3.86 0.96 85 x 44.7 3.88 0.96 83 x 44.7 3.82 0.95 83 x 44.2 3.78 0.92 78 x Comparative Example 52 250 50 to 62.5 55.3 3.54 0.92 88 x 8 55.1 3.42 0.91 83 x 56.1 3.32 0.92 82 x 76.1 3.51 0.92 80 x 55.2 3.48 0.91 82 x 54.3 3.32 0.89 78 x 55.4 3.22 0.88 74 x

[0096] In Examples and Comparative Examples, raw materials such as iron were placed in a high-frequency melting furnace for each of the components (i) to (vii) and melted under application of high frequencies. The melting temperature before atomization was in the range of 1500 C. to 1650 C. Since the melting point becomes higher with the iron component content, the melting temperature is also high. After the target melting temperature was reached, the high-frequency melting furnace was tilted to pour molten steel into the tundish. A molten steel nozzle of a particular hole diameter was installed at the bottom of the tundish, and the amount of the falling molten steel was adjusted to be within the range of 4 to 5 kg/min. The hole at the tip of the molten metal nozzle from which molten steel was to be dropped was adjusted to 1.5-2.5 mm. For the atomization conditions, the convergence angle, the type and number of nozzles, the spray pressure, and the amount of cooling water were adjusted as indicated in Table 1. Here, 30 fan spray refers to a nozzle type and indicates that a flat spray nozzle having a spread angle of 30 was used.

The Sauter mean diameter of the droplets sprayed from the spray nozzle (hereinafter referred to as the Sauter mean diameter (D.sub.32)) was separately measured off-line by a PDA method. Since measurement by the PDA method was difficult due to a high spray pressure, the droplet diameter was determined by image analysis by imaging with a high-speed camera at one million frames/sec or higher.

[0097] In evaluating the powder, the circularity (C.sub.50), the average particle diameter (D.sub.50), the apparent density, and the amorphous proportion were measured by the following methods.

[0098] The apparent density was measured in accordance with JIS Z 2504:2012.

[0099] The circularity was measured by using Morphologi Particle Image Analyzer (G3SE) by acquiring projection images of about 5000 powder particles dispersed over a mount and binarizing the particle data of the projection images to determine the volume-average value (C.sub.50) through the image analysis.

[0100] The amorphous proportion was calculated by removing foreign matters other than the metal powder from the obtained metal powder, measuring the halo peaks from the amorphous phases and the diffraction peaks from the crystals by X-ray diffractometry, and calculating the amorphous proportion by the WPPD method.

[0101] The particle diameter was calculated as the average particle diameter (D.sub.50) by a cumulative method. A laser diffraction/scattering-type particle size distribution measurement was employed.

[0102] The target value of the average particle diameter (D.sub.50) was set to less than 50 m, the target values of the apparent density, the circularity (C.sub.50), and the amorphous proportion were respectively set to 3.5 g/cm.sup.3 or more, 0.90 or more, and 90% or more. Powder that attained the target values of all of the apparent density, circularity, average particle diameter, and amorphous proportion was rated pass (), and powder that did not attain the target value of any one of the apparent density, circularity, average particle diameter, and amorphous proportion was rated fail (x).

[0103] The spread angle of the flat fan spray nozzle was 30 in Example 1, 15 in Example 2, and 5 in Example 3. The powders in Examples 1 to 3 performed under the atomization conditions within the range according to aspects of the present invention were all rated pass. Here, the average particle diameter tended to be smaller with a flat fan spray nozzle having a spread angle of 5 than with that having a spread angle of 30.

[0104] In Example 4, atomization conditions within the range according to aspects of the present invention were used with a spray nozzle convergence angle of 5.0 (installation angle: 10), and although the particle diameter is large, the apparent density is high compared to Example 2.

[0105] In Example 5, atomization conditions within the range according to aspects of the present invention were used with a spray nozzle convergence angle of 7.5 (installation angle: 15), and the average particle diameter could be decreased compared to Example 4.

[0106] In Example 6, atomization conditions within the range according to aspects of the present invention were used with four spray nozzles, and the average particle diameter was large and the apparent density was small compared to Example 2 in which 12 spray nozzles were used.

[0107] In Example 7, atomization conditions within the range according to aspects of the present invention were used in which the Sauter mean droplet diameter (hereinafter referred to as the Sauter mean diameter (D.sub.32)) was adjusted to 89 m by decreasing the spray pressure, and the average particle diameter was large compared to Example 2.

[0108] In Example 8, the amount F of cooling water was adjusted to 400 kg/min under conditions of Example 4. The water/molten steel ratio (F/M) was 80 to 100 [-], and was a preferable water/molten steel ratio. In Example 8, atomization conditions within the range according to aspects of the present invention were used, and the amorphous proportion improved in a composition with a high Fe concentration compared to Example 4.

[0109] In Example 9, the amount F of cooling water was adjusted to 500 kg/min under conditions of Example 4. The water/molten steel ratio (F/M) was 100 to 125 [-], and was a more preferable water/molten steel ratio. In Example 9, atomization conditions within the range according to aspects of the present invention were used, and the amorphous proportion further improved in a composition with a high Fe concentration compared to Example 4.

[0110] Under all conditions in Examples 1 to 9, the powder was rated pass.

[0111] In Comparative Example 1, a solid spray nozzle that generated a straight-line water spray was used as the atomizing water spray nozzle, the spread angle was less than 5, and the nozzle used was outside the range of the present invention.

[0112] In Comparative Example 2, a flat fan spray nozzle with a spread angle of 3 was used, and the nozzle used was outside the range of the present invention.

[0113] Although the average particle diameter was small in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the apparent density did not achieve the target value and thus the powder was rated fail. The circularity was also rated fail.

[0114] In Comparative Example 3, a flat fan spray nozzle with a spread angle of 40 was used, and the nozzle used was outside the range of the present invention. In this comparative example, the amorphous proportion did not achieve the target value, and thus the powder was rated fail. The average particle diameter was also rated fail.

[0115] In Comparative Example 4, the spray pressure was 5 MPa, the Sauter mean diameter (D.sub.32) was 126 m, and the conditions were outside the range of the present invention. The average particle diameter and the amorphous proportion did not reach the target values and were rated fail.

[0116] In Comparative Examples 5 and 6, the convergence angle of the spray nozzle was 2.5 and 15, respectively, and the conditions were outside the range of the present invention in both comparative examples. Comparative Example 5 did not reach the target amorphous proportion and Comparative Example 6 did not reach the target apparent density and circularity; thus, both were rated fail.

[0117] In Comparative Example 7, the water/molten steel ratio was 24 to 30 [-], and the conditions were outside the range of the present invention. The amorphous proportion did not reach the target value and was rated fail.

[0118] In Comparative Example 8, two spray nozzles were used, and the conditions were outside the range of the present invention. The average particle diameter and the amorphous proportion did not reach the target values and were rated fail. In addition, the apparent density and circularity did not reach the target values in some cases.

[0119] As described above, metal powders produced in Examples 1 to 9 in the range according to aspects of the present invention were all rated pass, and the metal powders in Comparative Examples 1 to 8 outside the range of the present invention were all rated fail.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

[0120] 1 Tundish [0121] 2 Molten steel [0122] 3 Molten steel nozzle [0123] 4 Nozzle header [0124] 5, 5A, 5B Cooling water nozzle (spray nozzle) [0125] 5X Cooling water discharge port [0126] 6 Molten metal stream [0127] 7 Cooling water [0128] 9 Metal powder [0129] 14 Atomizing apparatus [0130] 15 Cooling water tank [0131] 16 Cooling water temperature adjuster [0132] 17 Cooling water high-pressure pump [0133] 18 Cooling water pipe (water feed pipe from high-pressure pump) [0134] 19 Chamber [0135] Convergence angle (contact angle between molten steel [0136] vertically falling and sprayed cooling water) [0137] Installation angle (apex) [0138] Spread angle