CLIMBING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPERATING A CLIMBING SYSTEM

Abstract

The invention relates to a climbing system (100, 110), in particular a self-climbing formwork system, comprising at least one climbing rail (10) which is guided on at least two climbing shoes (38), wherein the climbing shoes (38) can be fastened on and/or in a cured concreting section (50), and wherein the climbing shoes (30) are designed to guide the climbing rail (10) and/or to hold it at least with respect to a climbing direction (K), and an actuator (16). The invention is characterized in that the at least one climbing rail (10) has at least a first and a second rail part (12, 14), wherein the first and the second rail part (12, 14) are arranged one behind the other as viewed in the climbing direction (K), in that the first and the second rail part (12, 14) can each be guided and held by means of one of the climbing shoes (38), and in that the actuator (16) is designed to selectively increase or reduce the distance (d) between the first and the second rail part (12, 14) along the climbing direction. The invention further relates to a method for operating a climbing system (100, 110). The invention opens up a novel climbing principle for climbing systems (100, 110) and thus allows, inter alia, continuous climbing for example along a cured concreting section (50).

Claims

1. Climbing system (100, 110), in particular a self-climbing formwork system, comprising at least one climbing rail (10) guided on at least two climbing shoes (38), it being possible to fasten the climbing shoes (38) to and/or in a hardened concreting section (50), and the climbing shoes (38) being designed to guide the climbing rail (10) and to at least hold said climbing rail with respect to a climbing direction (K), and an actuator (16), characterized in that the at least one climbing rail (10) comprises at least one first and one second rail part (12, 14), the first and the second rail part (12, 14) being arranged one behind the other when viewed in the climbing direction (K), in that the first and the second rail part (12, 14) can each be guided and held by means of one of the climbing shoes (38), and in that the actuator (16) is designed to increase or decrease the distance (d) between the first and the second rail part (12, 14) in the climbing direction (K) as desired.

2. Climbing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the climbing rail (10) comprises a leading rail part (first rail part 12) that leads in the climbing direction (K) and a trailing rail part (second rail part 14) that trails the leading rail part (first rail part 12) in the climbing direction (K).

3. Climbing system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the climbing system (10) is designed as a rail-guided self-climbing system.

4. Climbing system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator (16) is designed as or comprises a linear drive, in particular a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder, a spindle drive, a rack-and-pinion drive and/or a chain drive.

5. Climbing system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator (16) is designed to be remote-controllable or as a remote-controllable unit.

6. Climbing system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator (16) is or can be fixed to the first and/or the second rail part (12, 14), preferably to the trailing rail part (second rail part 14).

7. Climbing system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator (16) is arranged on an inner and/or outer face of the first and/or the second rail part (12, 14).

8. Climbing system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and the second rail part (12, 14) are guided relative to one another by means of a guide element (22).

9. Climbing system according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the guide element (22) is rail-shaped and/or is designed as a metal sheet, in particular a profiled metal sheet, or as a tube or profiled piece having a round or angular cross section.

10. Climbing system according to any of claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the guide element (22) is arranged on or in the first and/or on or in the second rail part (12, 14) on the inside and/or the outside.

11. Climbing system according to any of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the guide element (22) surrounds the first and/or the second rail part (12, 14) in part.

12. Climbing system according to any of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the guide element (22) comprises a joint (34).

13. Climbing system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the climbing system (100, 110) comprises a position-measuring apparatus (32) for detecting the distance (d) and/or the position of the actuator (16), the first and/or the second rail part (12, 14).

14. Climbing system according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the position-measuring apparatus (32) is integrated in the actuator (16), arranged thereon and/or formed thereon and/or assigned thereto.

15. Climbing system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and the second rail part (12, 14) are designed as a profiled rail, in particular as a U-shaped, double U-shaped, T-shaped or H-shaped profiled rail.

16. Climbing system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the climbing system (100, 110) comprises an additional actuator (16) and an additional climbing rail (10) spaced apart from the climbing rail (10), the climbing system (100, 110) being configured to operate the actuator (16) and the additional actuator (16) such that they are coordinated with one another, in particular in a synchronous manner.

17. Climbing system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the climbing system (100, 110) comprises a working platform (46), a trailing platform (48) and/or a protective grating (44).

18. Climbing system according to claim 17, characterized in that the protective grating (44) is formed in at least two parts, a first protective-grating part (43) being indirectly or directly arranged on the first or on the second rail part (12, 14) and a second protective-grating part (45) being indirectly or directly arranged on the other of the two rail parts (12, 14).

19. Method for operating a climbing system (100, 110) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance (d) between the first and the second rail part (12, 14) is first increased and then decreased.

20. Method according to claim 19, comprising the steps of: i) sliding the first rail part (12) into a leading position by means of the actuator (16), ii) fixing the first rail part (12) in the leading position, preferably in a first climbing shoe (38) when viewed in the climbing direction (K), iii) detaching the first rail part (14) from a second climbing shoe (38), the second climbing shoe (38) preferably being arranged behind the first climbing shoe (38) when viewed in the climbing direction (K), and iv) pulling the second rail part (12) in the climbing direction (K) by means of the actuator (16).

21. Method according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that a working platform (46), a trailing platform (48) and/or a protective grating (44) are moved together with the first and/or the second rail part (12, 14).

Description

[0058] In the drawings:

[0059] FIGS. 1 to 4 are a perspective view, a plan view, a sectional view and a side view, respectively, of a climbing rail comprising an actuator;

[0060] FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the actuator of the climbing rail from FIGS. 1 to 4;

[0061] FIG. 6 is a view from above of the climbing rail from FIGS. 1 to 4;

[0062] FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a climbing system comprising a plurality of covers;

[0063] FIG. 8 is a perspective view of another climbing system comprising a formwork element, a working platform and a trailing platform, as well as a protective grating;

[0064] FIGS. 9 to 12 are schematic side views of the climbing system from FIG. 7 in different stages of the method according to the invention.

[0065] For the sake of improved comprehension of the invention, identical reference signs are used in the following for identical or corresponding elements. Likewise, to describe the method according to the invention, the reference signs in FIGS. 1 to 8 are used to denote elements of the climbing system used for the method.

[0066] FIGS. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of a climbing rail 10. The climbing rail 10 comprises a first rail part 12 and a second rail part 14. The two rail parts 12, 14 are interconnected by an actuator 16 that is arranged on an outer face of the climbing rail 10 and is designed as a hydraulic drive.

[0067] It can be seen in particular from the perspective view of the climbing rail 10 according to FIG. 1 and from the plan view of the climbing system 10 according to FIG. 2 that the rail parts 12, 14 are each formed by two profiled elements 18. In this embodiment, the profiled elements 18 have a U-shaped cross section and are formed by steel rails. Bolts 20, of which one bolt 20 is provided with a reference sign by way of example in each of FIGS. 1 and 2 and which are arranged in rows at regular intervals, each interconnect two profiled elements 18 to form the first rail part 12 and the second rail part 14.

[0068] When viewed in a climbing direction K, the first rail part 12 and the second rail part 14 are arranged in succession. The first rail part 12 thus forms a leading rail and the second rail part 14 forms a trailing rail.

[0069] As will be explained in greater detail below, the two rail parts 12, 14 can be guided along the profiled elements 18 and also held thereon on climbing shoes which are described in greater detail below.

[0070] FIG. 3 is a lateral cross section through the climbing rail 10 and FIG. 4 is a side view of the climbing rail 10. It can be seen that the actuator 16 is fixed to the first rail part 12 at one end and to the second rail part 14 at the other end, and is thus arranged thereon.

[0071] Furthermore, the first and the second rail part 12, 14 are oriented relative to one another by means of a guide element 22. In particular, the guide element 22 bridges any space between the two rail parts 12, 14. To do this, it is fixed to the first rail part 12 and is movably arranged on the second rail part 14 in the longitudinal direction of the rail part 14.

[0072] As can also be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, the guide element 22 comprises an outer surface 23. Therefore, the guide element 22 is arranged both inside and outside the climbing rail 10, in particular so as to surround said rail at least in portions.

[0073] The guide element 22 and in particular the outer face 23 thereof are elongate. The length is selected such that the guide element 22 spans a space formed between the first and second rail part 12, 14 at any time during a climbing process.

[0074] FIG. 5 then shows an enlarged detail of the previously described climbing rail 10. The actuator 16 can be seen in particular. The actuator 16 comprises a piston 24, which drives a piston rod 26. It can be seen that the actuator 16 is connected at one end, namely the piston-rod side, to the first rail part 12 by the outer face 23. In particular, it is articulated by a joint 34 to the outer face 23 of the guide element 22 and thus also to the first rail part 12. The joint 34 has limited deflection. Therefore, the first rail part 12 can be pivoted relative to the second rail part 14 at least in a limited manner. Therefore, projections on a wall to be climbed can also be negotiated by the climbing rail 10, for example.

[0075] At the other end, the actuator 16 is connected to the second rail part 14 by a contact surface 36.

[0076] The piston 24 is designed such that it can be hydraulically operated. For this purpose, the piston 24 can be supplied with a hydraulic liquid in a controlled manner via a hydraulic line 27. The hydraulic line 27 is connected to a control unit 28 arranged on the actuator 16. This is in turn connected to a schematically shown hydraulic-pressure supply 30, for example a hydraulic pump comprising a connected hydraulic-liquid accumulator, via a supply line 29. In this process, the hydraulic-pressure supply 30 serves to provide pressurized hydraulic liquid required for actuating the actuator 16.

[0077] A position-measuring apparatus 32 is arranged on the actuator 16, in particular on the piston 24. The position-measuring apparatus is connected to the control unit 28 in terms of signals by a signal line 33.

[0078] The position-measuring apparatus 32 detects the extension state of the actuator 16 on the basis of the state of the piston rod 26, in particular on the basis of the length of how far said rod is extended or retracted. The measured extension state serves as a measure of the distance of the first rail part 12 from the second rail part 14. The extension state is transmitted to the control unit 28 via the signal line 33.

[0079] The control unit 28 is configured to control the supply of hydraulic liquid to the piston 24 via the hydraulic line 27. By supplying the piston 24 or piston rod 26 in a controlled manner, it is thus possible to space the first rail part 12 apart from the second rail part 14 (greater supply) or to bring said two rail parts toward one another (lower supply); the climbing rail 10 is thus movable or is thus moved.

[0080] In the process, the control unit 28 monitors the movement on the basis of the extension or retraction state of the piston rod 26, which is determined by the position-measuring apparatus 32, in the piston 24.

[0081] The control unit 28 comprises an integrated radio receiver for the remote control of the control unit 28. Therefore, the actuator 16 is also designed to be remote-controllable as a whole. For example, a worker can thus remotely start or stop a climbing movement by remote-controlling the actuator 16.

[0082] As can be seen from FIG. 6, which is a plan view of the first rail part 12 of the climbing rail 10, the guide element 22 is designed in multiple parts and in particular symmetrically; it is also fixed to the profiled elements 18 of the first rail part 12, which are positioned on either side. Each individual element of the guide element 22 arranged on the inside of the profiled elements 18 is formed as a substantially right-angled bracket element. Together with its outer face 23, the guide element also at least surrounds the bolts 20 which are each located in the region of the guide element 22 and in the vicinity of the actuator 16.

[0083] It should be noted that the components 27, 28, 29, 30 and 33 have not been shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 or in FIG. 6 solely for the purposes of presentation.

[0084] FIG. 7 shows a climbing system 100 according to the invention. The climbing system 100 comprises two climbing rails 10 that are arranged in parallel with one another and each correspond to the previously described climbing rails 10 according to FIGS. 1 to 6.

[0085] Each of the rail parts 12, 14 of the climbing rails 10 is guided and/or held on one climbing shoe 38. The climbing shoes 38 may for example be substantially in the form of climbing shoes known from WO 2007/000136 A1, mentioned at the outset, in particular comprising a blocking device for permanently blocking the climbing rail 10 or the rail parts 12, 14. In addition, the climbing shoes 38 comprise a latching device, by means of which the climbing rails 10 can each be guided in parallel with a relevant climbing direction K but can only be moved upward or downward, in the climbing direction, such that when a rail part is loaded and/or moved counter to the climbing direction, it automatically latches to the relevant climbing shoe 38 and is held there.

[0086] For the purposes of presentation, only three of the four climbing shoes 38 are shown. The climbing shoes 38 are fastened to schematically shown floor slabs 39, which are formed as hardened concreting sections. In the figure, ceiling climbing shoes are shown. The climbing system can, however, also be operated with wall climbing shoes or with a mixture of ceiling and wall climbing shoes.

[0087] Yet more climbing shoes can also be mounted above and/or below the climbing rails 10, for example on further floor slabs and/or story-level walls.

[0088] A plurality of planar covers 40 are located on the outside of the climbing rails 10. They form a climbing unit of the climbing system 100.

[0089] Here, the cover 40 which is arranged in the region of the actuators (not shown in FIG. 7) is arranged so as to be additionally spaced apart from the climbing rails 10.

[0090] The covers 40 act, for example, as protection against dirt and/or falling parts due to work being carried out behind the climbing system 100 in a building to be constructed.

[0091] FIG. 8 shows another climbing system 110 according to the invention. The climbing system 110 in turn comprises two climbing rails 10 that are arranged in parallel with one another.

[0092] These climbing rails 10 also correspond to the climbing rail from FIGS. 1 to 6.

[0093] It can be seen that a movable formwork element 42, a protective grating 44 extending over multiple stories to be constructed as well as a working platform 46 and a trailing platform 48 are arranged on the climbing rails 10, which extend in parallel. In this case, the trailing platform 48 is in particular arranged on the second rail parts 14 of the climbing system 10. These elements 42, 44, 46 and 48 thus form a climbing unit of the climbing system 110.

[0094] The protective grating 44 is formed in multiple parts such that varying distances between the working platform 46 and the trailing platform 48, for example, can be compensated for. To do this, a first protective-grating part 43 of the protective grating 44 is indirectly arranged on the first rail parts 12 and a second protective-grating part 45 is indirectly arranged on the second rail parts 14.

[0095] As can be seen from FIG. 8, the climbing rails 10 are guided and/or held on a hardened concreting section 50 by means of climbing shoes (which are not shown in greater detail in FIG. 8, but substantially correspond to the climbing shoes 38 in FIG. 7). In this case, these are wall climbing shoes, which are not fastened to the surface of a floor slab, but to a vertically oriented wall. The climbing system 110 can climb along the concreting section 50. In particular, it can climb in a climbing direction K, in this case in the vertical direction.

[0096] FIG. 9 to FIG. 12 are side views of the climbing system 100 from FIG. 7 in different climbing stages, with the aid of which a variant of the method according to the invention is set out in the following by way of example.

[0097] It can be seen that the first and the second rail parts 12, 14 are arranged on their cover plates 40. To simplify the views, only a few of the cover plates 40 are shown. In turn, the rail parts 12, 14 are each held or guided on climbing shoes 38 assigned thereto.

[0098] According to the method according to the invention, FIG. 9 shows an initial stage, in which the second rail parts 14 (only one rail part 14 is shown) are held in climbing shoes 38 assigned thereto. The first rail parts 12 are brought toward the second rail parts 14 and are no distance d therefrom or are only a slight distance therefrom. For this purpose, the actuator 16 is retracted down to its minimum possible length.

[0099] The second rail parts 14 are held in second climbing shoes 38 assigned thereto, in particular by means of the latching devices thereof. By contrast, the first rail parts 12 are merely guided in parallel with the climbing direction K in first climbing shoes 38 assigned thereto.

[0100] As shown in FIGS. 9 to 12, the second climbing shoes 38, i.e. the climbing shoes 38 assigned to the second rail parts 14, are arranged behind the first climbing shoes 38, i.e. the climbing shoes 38 assigned to the first rail parts 12, when viewed in the climbing direction K.

[0101] If the actuators 16 (only one actuator 16 is shown) are then actuated, and in particular extended, for a first method step i), the first rail parts 12 are slid into a leading position by means of the actuators 16. To do this, the respective actuators 16 of the climbing rails 10 (FIG. 7) arranged in parallel with one another are controlled so as to be coordinated with one another, in particular synchronously, by means of synchronous remote control of the respective control units 28 (FIG. 5), such that the rail parts 12 are each moved at the same speed.

[0102] Since the second rail parts 14 are each held in the second climbing shoes 38 assigned thereto, the first rail parts 12 are thus each moved in the climbing direction K so as to be coordinated with one another, in particular synchronously, and are guided by the first climbing shoes 38 assigned thereto. The distanced between the ends of the first rail parts 12 and the ends of the respective second rail parts 14 increases up to a definable maximum, which can for example be defined by the maximum extendable length of the piston rod 26 (FIG. 5). The definable maximum of the distance d may for example be between 0.5 and 2.5 m. This results in the state shown in FIG. 10, with rail parts 12, 14 spaced apart from one another.

[0103] In a subsequent method step ii), the first rail parts 12 are then fixed in the leading position in the first climbing shoes 38 assigned thereto. Depending on the configuration of the climbing shoes 38, this can take place by latching bolts 20 (FIG. 2) into the assigned, first climbing shoes 38.

[0104] In a further method step iii), the second rail parts 14 are then detached from the second climbing shoes 38 assigned thereto.

[0105] According to a method step iv), the second rail parts 14 are then pulled in the climbing direction K by means of the actuators 16. It is sufficient here for the actuators 16 to be shortened further, and in particular they are brought together again down to their minimum length. The distance d is thus then reduced to a minimum again. This results in the state shown in FIG. 11.

[0106] It can be seen on the basis of a zero line 0 that the climbing system 100 has already climbed further in the climbing direction K, in particular corresponding to or substantially corresponding to the definable maximum for the distance d, compared with the states in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10.

[0107] In a variant of the method, it is provided that climbing shoes 38 arranged at regular intervals over the entire path to be climbed are mounted on concreting sections. In this variant, the entire path can thus be climbed without any additional work being required.

[0108] In a preferred variant of the method, however, it is provided that, as part of method step iv), during or after a second climbing rail 38 leaving an assigned, second climbing shoe 38, this climbing shoe 38, which is now no longer required for the climbing, is dismounted and, when viewed in the climbing direction K, is mounted again in front of the first rail part 12, in particular is fixed in a hardened concreting section. In this variant, paths of any length can thus also be climbed using a limited number of climbing shoes 38.

[0109] According to a subsequent, optional method step v), the method steps i)-iv) can then be repeated in order to climb longer distances, with the climbing system 100 accordingly climbing further after each passage. For this purpose, FIG. 12 shows, by way of example, a state after repeating the method until method step i) is complete.

[0110] In a variant of the method, it is provided that, instead of arranging at least one of the covers 40 as a climbing unit, a working platform, a trailing platform and/or a protective grating are arranged on the first and/or the second rail parts 12, 14. If method steps i) to iv) or i) to v) are then carried out, a climbing unit designed in this way can thus also climb in the climbing direction according to the method. If a trailing platform is provided, in particular, climbing shoes 38 that are no longer required can be dismounted from the trailing platform.

[0111] Climbing in an upward direction has been described up to now in particular. Climbing in the opposite climbing direction, in particular downward, can be carried out in a completely analogous manner to method steps i) to iv) or v); to reverse the climbing direction, it is merely necessary to swap or reverse the sequence of holding and guiding as well as of fixing and detaching the rail parts 12, 14 to and from the climbing shoes 38.

[0112] After the climbing process is complete, i.e. when a desired end position is reached, in another method variant, at least one, preferably all, rail parts 12, 14 are also additionally fixed to the climbing shoes 38 by means of socket pins, for example; this results in a particularly safe working position of the climbing system 100.