A SPACER FOR FIXATION TO A CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT, FOR MAINTAINING A RELATIVE DISTANCE TO ANOTHER CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT, AND FOR RESTRICTING A MOVEMENT ABOUT A POSITION RELATIVE TO ANOTHER CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT

Abstract

A spacer for fixation to a construction element, for maintaining a relative distance to another construction element, and for restricting at the maintained distance a movement about a position that is relative to another construction element, the spacer having a structure that: a) provides resiliency and generates a force for enhancing a distance relative to another nearby construction element when distance to that other construction element is reduced to a predetermined distance, and b) provides restriction of a movement of the structure in at least one direction that is different from the direction of predetermined distance.

Claims

1.-28. (canceled)

29. A spacer for fixation to a construction element, for maintaining a relative distance to another construction element, and for restricting at the maintained distance a movement about a position that is relative to another construction element, the spacer having a structure that: a) provides resiliency and generates a force for enhancing a distance relative to another nearby construction element when distance to that other construction element is reduced to a predetermined distance, and b) provides restriction of a movement of the structure in at least one direction that is different from the direction of predetermined distance, wherein the spacer is configured such that in use of the spacer the force for enhancing a distance to that other construction element is predominantly directed across the direction of gravity, wherein the structure is provided with a plurality of resilient elements and a plurality of restrictors for restricting the movement, wherein the resilient elements and the restrictors are each spacially separated different parts of the structure and have positions in the structure which alternate each other along a dimension of the structure.

30. The spacer according to claim 29, wherein the structure is fixed or fixable to a slab-shaped construction element having two main surfaces and a rim between the two main surfaces, wherein the structure is positioned or positionable at the rim for maintaining a relative distance to a rim of an adjacent slab-shaped construction element, and for reducing at the maintained distance a movement of the rim about a position that is relative to a rim of an adjacent slab-shaped construction element.

31. The spacer according to claim 29, wherein at least one of the resilient elements is pawl-shaped.

32. The spacer according to claim 30, wherein the resilient element has a free end at or close to a part of the structure that is in use of the structure at the rim at or close to one of the main surfaces.

33. The spacer according to claim 32, wherein the free end is at the predetermined distance.

34. The spacer according to claim 32, wherein the free end is a trailing end of the pawl-shaped element for placing the slab-shaped construction element adjacent to an end-positioned other slab-shaped construction element such that the trailing end is a part of the structure that is in time only toward the end of the placement adjacent to the end-positioned other slab-shaped construction element, as opposed to a part of the resilient element that is away from the free end and that is in time already at the beginning of the placement adjacent to the end-positioned other slab-shaped construction element.

35. The spacer according to claim 29, wherein the restrictor is designed for blocking movement of a free end of a pawl-shaped resilient element of a structure that is fixed to a rim of an adjacent slab-shaped construction element.

36. The spacer according to claim 35, wherein the blocking element is a trailing end of the structure for placing the slab-shaped construction element adjacent to another already end-positioned slab-shaped construction element such that the trailing end is a part of the structure that is in time only toward the end of the placement adjacent to the other slab-shaped construction element, as opposed to a part of the structure that is away from the trailing end and that is in time already at the beginning of the placement adjacent to the end-positioned other slab-shaped construction element.

37. The spacer according to claim 29, wherein the spacer is one of the spacers of an assembly having at least two of such spacers.

38. The spacer according to claim 37, wherein the structure of each spacer is such that it allows for positioning the structure in a mating condition with the structure of another spacer of the assembly.

39. The spacer according to claim 38, wherein in the mating condition, the resilient element of the structure of one spacer is opposite and interacting with the restrictor of the structure of another spacer of the assembly.

40. The spacer according to claim 39, wherein the structure is provided with a guiding track and with a counter track for interacting with the guiding track, such that on bringing the structure of one spacer into the mating position with the structure of another spacer, the structure first can be put under an angle relative to the other structure and be put in contact, to then let the counter track interact with the guiding track for reaching the mating condition.

41. The spacer according to claim 38, wherein the structure is such that in the mating position the structure of one of the spacers is locked into the mating position with the structure of another one of the spacers.

42. The spacer according to claim 38, wherein the structure is such that in the mating position the structure is in a mechanically releasable condition.

43. The spacer according to claim 38, wherein the structure is provided with a plate-shaped element that in the mating condition extends from a trailing end of the structure and that in the mating condition at least to an extent covers a gap formed by distance between the mating structures.

44. The spacer according to claim 38, wherein the plate-shaped element has an outer surface, and wherein in the mating condition a restricted movement is possible parallel to the outer surface.

45. The spacer according to claim 44, wherein in the mating condition, the outer surfaces of the plate-shaped elements as part of the mating structures remain in the same plane.

46. The spacer according to claim 30, wherein the structure is fixed to the slab-shaped construction element.

47. The spacer according to claim 29, wherein the slab-shaped construction element is one of a concrete slab, a wall panel, a floatable plastic element, an infiltration unit, a road-deck element.

Description

[0027] The disclosure is further described in more detail by means of non-limiting examples and with reference to a drawing in which,

[0028] FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b) show a first embodiment of a spacer according to the present disclosure in use;

[0029] FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b) show a second embodiment of a spacer according to the present disclosure in use

[0030] FIG. 3 show a third embodiment of a spacer according to the present disclosure in use;

[0031] FIG. 4 show a fourth embodiment of a spacer according to the present disclosure in use;

[0032] FIGS. 5(a), 5(b) and 5(c) show a fifth embodiment of a spacer according to the present disclosure in use;

[0033] FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b) show a sixth embodiment of a spacer according to the present disclosure in use;

[0034] FIGS. 7(a) and 7(b) show a seventh embodiment of a spacer according to the present disclosure in use;

[0035] FIGS. 8(a) and 8(b) show a eighth embodiment of a spacer according to the present disclosure in use.

[0036] In the drawing, like parts are provided with like references.

[0037] FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a spacer 1 for fixation to a construction element (of which only a rim 2 is shown). In FIGS. 1(a) and (b) the spacer 1 is shown in a perspective view. Spacer 1 has a part that could be considered similar, if not identical, to rim 2 of a construction element. It is clear from FIG. 1(b) that spacer 1 is capable of maintaining a relative distance to another construction element. The structure provides resiliency and generates a force for enhancing a distance relative to another nearby construction element when the distance to that other construction element is reduced to a predetermined distance 3. The structure comprises a resilient element 5. As clearly seen in each of FIG. 1(a) and FIG. 1(b), spacer 1 has a free end 4, in this example at the end of the resilient element 5. The predetermined distance 3 may thus be seen to be co-defined by the position of the free end 4 (when the resilient element is in an unconstrained condition as shown in FIG. 1(a)). Naturally, the predetermined distance 3 is further co-defined by the position of the rim of the construction element. In many examples co-defining the predetermined distance can be on the basis of a part 2 of the spacer 1 that could be considered similar, if not identical, to a rim 2 of a construction element (not shown). When, as shown in FIG. 1(b) rim 2 of another construction element reaches the construction element to which the spacer is fixed, within the distance that is less than the predetermined distance 3, then the resilient element 5 will generate a force that enhances the distance to the other nearby construction element. For the sake of completeness, the spacer comprises thus a part 2 that either corresponds to a rim of a slab-shaped construction element or can be fixed to a rim of a slab-shaped construction element, wherein that part together with the free end co-defines the predetermined distance.

[0038] The structure of spacer 1 also comprises a restrictor 6. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 the restrictor 6 and the resilient element 5 are directly connected to each other and each embodied in one and the same single element of the structure. In fact, in FIG. 1 the restrictor 6 is provided on the resilient element 5. The restrictor 5 is provided with an abutment surface 7 for abutting a part of another construction element 2. The abutment surface 7 may be provided with a suction cup (only schematically shown) for firmly fixing the restrictor 5 relative to another construction element 2 whilst abutting that other construction element 2, as shown in FIG. 1(b). In general, clearly, spacer 1 has a structure that provides restriction of a movement of the structure in at least one direction that is different from the direction of predetermined distance 3. The structure accordingly provides restriction of a movement of the structure in at least one direction that is different from the direction of predetermined distance.

[0039] FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of a spacer 1, almost identical to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1. The main difference is that instead of a suction cup, a high-friction surface is used as abutment surface 7.

[0040] FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of a spacer 1 for fixation to a construction element. This embodiment differs from the first and second embodiments respectively, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in a number of aspects. Spacer 1 is suitable for working together with a construction element as provided with a plate-shaped element 8 extending from a rim of the plate-shaped construction element in a direction that corresponds to the direction of the predetermined distance 3 of spacer 1. In this embodiment, restrictor 6 is not provided with an abutment surface 7, but rather with a groove 9 for housing plate-shaped element 8 of the predominantly slab-shaped construction element (of which only rim 2 is shown).

[0041] FIG. 3(a) shows an arrow 10 indicating that the spacer 1 can be put in the position as shown and then be slided in the direction of arrow 10 to adopt a position as shown in FIG. 3(b). It should be assumed that the slab-shaped construction element of which only rim 2 is shown has reached its end position such that it will firmly hold to that position. When spacer 1 is slid down in the direction of arrow 10, resilient element 5 will give way and basically flexes toward the part 2 to which it is connected so as to allow for passing along the rim 2 of the end-positioned slab-shaped restriction element. Once groove 9 is at the level of plate-shaped element 8, then resilient element 5 will flex back towards the end-positioned slab-shaped construction element and house plate-shaped element 8, as shown in FIG. 2(b). As such, movement of the structure in a direction different from the direction of the predetermined distance is restricted. In fact, in this situation, movement is restricted in a direction that is perpendicular to the plate surface of the plate-shaped element 8.

[0042] FIG. 4(a) and FIG. 4(b) show a fourth embodiment that differs from the third embodiment mainly in that the structure is provided with a resilient element 5 and a restrictor 6 which are each spatially separated different parts of the structure. Again, there is interaction with a plate-shaped element 8 provided at the rim 2 of a slab-shaped construction element that has already taken an end position.

[0043] FIG. 5 shows a fifth embodiment of a spacer according to the present disclosure. Also for this embodiment it applies that the restrictor 6 and the resilient element 5 are spatially separated different elements of the structure. Although for the sake of clarity, in FIG. 5(a) and FIG. 5(b) spacers having just one restrictor 6 and one resilient element 5 are shown, as shown in FIG. 5(c) it is conceivable that a structure is provided with a plurality of resilient elements 5 and a plurality of restrictors 6. Although not clearly seen in FIG. 5(c), as more clearly seen in FIGS. 6 and 7, the positions of the resilient elements 5 and of the restrictor 6 alternate each other along a longitudinal dimension of the structure.

[0044] As briefly outlined above, the structure of the spacer is fixed or fixable to a slab-shaped construction element having two main surfaces and a rim 2 between the two main surfaces (not shown to the full extent). The structure is positioned or positionable at the rim for maintaining a relative distance to a rim 2 of an adjacent slab-shaped construction element. As for all the previously shown embodiments, the structure is suitable for restricting at a maintained distance a movement of the rim about a position that is relative to a rim of an adjacent slab-shaped construction element. As also shown in the previously discussed embodiments, the resilient element may be pawl-shaped. Where there is a plurality of resilient elements 5, this may apply to one of the resilient elements 5, but preferably to each of the resilient elements 5. The resilient element 5 has a free end 4. The free end 4 co-defines the predetermined distance 3, notably, the pawl-shaped element is connected at a hinge-end 5a of the structure. This is not a pivotal point but rather a stiff hinging point, that is in use subjected to bending. The hinge-end 5a coincides with a part of the structure that borders a rim of a slab-shaped construction element or is placeable or placed at a rim of a slab-shaped construction element.

[0045] As touched on when discussing the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the free end 4 may be a trailing end of the pole-shaped element 5 for placing the slab-shaped construction element adjacent to an end-positioned other slab-shaped construction element such that the trailing end is a part of the structure that is in time only toward the end of the placement adjacent to the end-positioned other slab-shaped construction element. This as opposed to a part of the resilient element 5 that is away from the free end 4 and that is in time already at the beginning of the placement adjacent to the end-positioned other slab-shaped construction element. The part of the resilient element 5 that is away from the free end 4 is in this example the hinge-end 5a.

[0046] The restrictor 6 may be designed for blocking movement of a free end 4 of a pawl-shaped resilient element 5 of the structure that is fixed to a rim of an adjacent slab-shaped construction element. Such a blocking element may equally be a trailing end of the structure for placing the slab-shaped construction element adjacent to another already end-positioned slab-shaped construction element such that the trailing end is a part of the structure that is in time only toward the end of the placement adjacent to the other end-positioned slab-shaped construction element. This is a trailing end as opposed to a part of the structure that is away from the trailing end and that is in time already at the beginning of the placement adjacent to the end-positioned other slab-shaped construction element.

[0047] As can easily be seen from FIGS. 5(a), 6 and 7, and be derived from FIG. 8, the structure of each spacer 1 may be provided with a plurality of resilient elements 5 and a plurality of restrictors 6 for restricting a movement. The resilient elements 5 and restrictors 6 of a respective structure may alternate each other in a longitudinal direction of that structure. As can be seen in FIGS. 5-8, the structure of each spacer 1 is such that it allows for positioning the structure in a mating condition with the structure of another spacer of the assembly 11. In the mating condition, the resilient element of the structure of one spacer is opposite and interacting with the restrictor of the structure of another spacer of the assembly.

[0048] As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the structure may be provided with a guiding track and with a counter track for interacting with the guiding track, such that on bringing the structure of one spacer into the mating position with the structure of another spacer, the structure first can be put under an angle relative to the other structure, and can be put in contact, to then let the counter track interact with the guidetrack for reaching the mating condition.

[0049] As shown in FIG. 6, the structure may be configured such that in the mating position the structure of one of the spacers 1 is locked into the mating position with the structure of another one of the spacers. The structures are provided with access holes 13 that can be used for access to pawl-shaped resilient element 5 for pushing these such that the mating position as locked can be undone. As shown in more detail in FIG. 8, the structure may thus be configured such that in the mating position the structure is in a mechanically releasable condition. A release tool 18 having push-back elements 19 can be used for inserting the tool, such that in each access hole 13 a push-back element 19 fits. On rotating the tool as shown by arrow 20, the pawl-shaped elements 5 are pushed back and the spacers can be unlocked from each other.

[0050] As can be seen in FIGS. 3-8, the structure may be provided with a plate-shaped element 8 that in the mating condition extends from a trailing end of the structure and that in the mating condition at least to an extent covers a gap 21 formed by a distance between the mating structures. The plate-shaped element 8 has an outer surface. In the mating condition, a restricted relative movement of the spacers 1 is possible parallel to the outer surface 8. Further, in a mating condition, the outer surfaces of the plate-shaped elements 8 as part of the mating structures remain in the same plane, preventing step-formation on the large surface that is provided by adjacently positioned slab-shaped construction elements

[0051] FIG. 7 shows an embodiment in which each pawl-shaped resilient element 5 is formed by two spatially separated beams, having between them a pin 17 for interacting with a slot 12 in another spacer 1. This pin-and-slot construction imposes further restrictions on the relative movement of the spacers when in the mating condition.

[0052] Although not shown in the Figs., the structure of the spacer may be fixed to the slab-shaped construction element. That is, a slab-shaped construction element is not shown in its entirety in the drawings. However, it is clear that a part of the spacer, part 2, may be a part of a slab-shaped construction element. However, it is also possible that the spacer 1 is an add-on element that needs to be added separately to a slab-shaped construction element. In that case, part 2 is likely to be placed against the rim of the construction element.

[0053] For the sake of completeness, we point out that the slab-shaped construction element may be a concrete slab, a wall panel, a floatable plastic element, an infiltration unit, and even a road deck element.

[0054] The disclosure is not limited to the above-discussed embodiments, many modifications are possible within the framework of the dependent claims.