Inductor element

Abstract

An inductor element includes a wire-winding portion and a core portion. In the wire-winding portion, a conductor is wound in a coil shape. The core portion surrounds the wire-winding portion and contains a magnetic powder and a resin. The wire-winding portion includes an inner circumferential surface. A winding-wire inner circumferential neighboring region is a region of the core portion within a distance from the inner circumferential surface toward a winding axis of the wire-winding portion. An inner-core central region is a region of the core portion within a distance from the winding axis center toward an existing region of the wire-winding portion in an outward direction perpendicular to the winding axis center. SS15.0% is satisfied, where S(%) and S1(%) are respectively an area ratio of a magnetic powder in the inner-core central region and the winding-wire inner circumferential neighboring region.

Claims

1. An inductor element, comprising: a wire-winding portion where a conductor is wound in a coil shape; and a core portion surrounding the wire-winding portion and containing a magnetic powder and a resin, wherein the wire-winding portion comprises an inner circumferential surface, an outer circumferential surface, and a first end surface and a second end surface opposite to each other in a winding axis center of the wire-winding portion, wherein a winding-wire inner circumferential neighboring region is defined as a region of the core portion within a predetermined distance from the inner circumferential surface toward the winding axis center, wherein a winding-wire first end-surface neighboring region is defined as a region of the core portion within a predetermined distance from the first end surface toward an outward direction parallel to the winding axis center, wherein a winding-wire second end-surface neighboring region is defined as a region of the core portion within a predetermined distance from the second end surface toward the outward direction, wherein an inner-core central region is defined as a region of the core portion within a predetermined distance from the winding axis center toward an existing region of the wire-winding portion in an outward direction perpendicular to the winding axis center, wherein the winding-wire inner circumferential neighboring region, the winding-wire first end-surface neighboring region, the winding-wire second end-surface neighboring region, and the inner-core central region respectively contain the magnetic powder and the resin, and wherein SS15.0% is satisfied, where S (%) is a ratio of an area occupied by the magnetic powder in the inner-core central region, and S1(%) is a ratio of an area occupied by the magnetic powder in the winding-wire inner circumferential neighboring region, on a cross section of the inductor element passing the winding axis center and parallel thereto.

2. The inductor element according to claim 1, wherein SS42.0% is satisfied, where S4(%) is an average of S2 and S3, where S2(%) is a ratio of an area occupied by the magnetic powder in the winding-wire first end-surface neighboring region, and S3(%) is a ratio of an area occupied by the magnetic powder in the winding-wire second end-surface neighboring region, on the cross section of the inductor element.

3. The inductor element according to claim 2, wherein SS40% is satisfied.

4. The inductor element according to claim 3, wherein SS45.0% is satisfied.

5. The inductor element according to claim 1, wherein S65% is satisfied.

6. The inductor element according to claim 2, wherein S65% is satisfied.

7. The inductor element according to claim 3, wherein S65% is satisfied.

8. The inductor element according to claim 4, wherein S65% is satisfied.

9. The inductor element according to claim 1, wherein S160% is satisfied.

10. The inductor element according to claim 2, wherein S160% is satisfied.

11. The inductor element according to claim 3, wherein S160% is satisfied.

12. The inductor element according to claim 4, wherein S160% is satisfied.

13. The inductor element according to claim 5, wherein S160% is satisfied.

14. The inductor element according to claim 1, wherein S460% is satisfied, where S4(%) is an average of S2 and S3, where S2(%) is a ratio of an area occupied by the magnetic powder in the winding-wire first end-surface neighboring region, and S3(%) is a ratio of an area occupied by the magnetic powder in the winding-wire second end-surface neighboring region, on the cross section of the inductor element.

15. The inductor element according to claim 2, wherein S460% is satisfied.

16. The inductor element according to claim 3, wherein S460% is satisfied.

17. The inductor element according to claim 4, wherein S460% is satisfied.

18. The inductor element according to claim 5, wherein S460% is satisfied, where S4(%) is an average of S2 and S3, where S2(%) is a ratio of an area occupied by the magnetic powder in the winding-wire first end-surface neighboring region, and S3(%) is a ratio of an area occupied by the magnetic powder in the winding-wire second end-surface neighboring region, on the cross section of the inductor element.

19. The inductor element according to claim 9, wherein S460% is satisfied, where S4(%) is an average of S2 and S3, where S2(%) is a ratio of an area occupied by the magnetic powder in the winding-wire first end-surface neighboring region, and S3(%) is a ratio of an area occupied by the magnetic powder in the winding-wire second end-surface neighboring region, on the cross section of the inductor element.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an inductor element according to First Embodiment of the present invention.

(2) FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a preliminary green compact and an insert member used in a manufacturing process of the inductor element shown in FIG. 1.

(3) FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view along the III-III line shown in FIG. 2.

(4) FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an inductor element according to Second Embodiment of the present invention.

(5) FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a method of manufacturing the inductor element shown in FIG. 4.

(6) FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a preliminary green compact and an insert member used in a manufacturing process of the inductor element shown in FIG. 1.

(7) FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a preliminary green compact and an insert member used in a manufacturing process of the inductor element shown in FIG. 1.

(8) FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional photograph of the inductor element of Example 1 of the present application.

(9) FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional photograph of the inductor element of Comparative Example 1 of the present application.

(10) FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional photograph of the inductor element of Example 11 of the present application.

(11) FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional photograph of the inductor element of Comparative Example 11 of the present application.

(12) FIG. 12 is a SEM image of an inner-core central region of Example 1 of the present application.

(13) FIG. 13 is a SEM image of an inner-core central region of Comparative Example 1 of the present application.

(14) FIG. 14 is a SEM image of an inner-core central region of Example 11 of the present application.

(15) FIG. 15 is a SEM image of an inner-core central region of Comparative Example 11 of the present application.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

(16) Hereinafter, the present invention is described based on embodiments shown in figures, but is not limited to the following embodiments.

First Embodiment

(17) FIG. 1 is a cross sectional view passing a winding axis center 4a of a winding-wire portion 4 mentioned below and being parallel to the winding axis center 4a. As shown in FIG. 1, an inductor element 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the winding-wire portion 4 and a core portion 6. In the winding-wire portion 4, a conductor 5 is wound in a coil shape. The core portion 6 includes an inner circumferential part (also referred to as an inner core part) 6a on the inner circumferential side of the winding-wire portion 4 and an outer circumferential part 6b on the outer circumferential side of the winding-wire portion 4. A magnetic powder and a resin constituting the core portion 6 are inserted into a space 6c between the core portion 6 and the conductor 5 constituting the winding-wire portion 4.

(18) The winding-wire portion 4 includes an inner circumferential surface 41, an outer circumferential surface 44, and a first end surface 42 and a second end surface 43 arranged opposite to each other in the winding axis center 4.

(19) In the inductor element 2 of the present embodiment, the top and bottom surfaces of the core portion 6 are substantially perpendicular to the Z-axis, and the side surface of the core 6 is substantially perpendicular to a plane including the X-axis and the Y-axis. The winding axis of the winding-wire portion 4 is substantially parallel to the Z-axis. The shape of the core portion 6 is not limited to the shape of FIG. 1 and may be cylinder, elliptic cylinder, etc.

(20) The inductor element 2 of the present embodiment has any size, and for example has a size where the part excluding lead portions 5a and 5b is contained in a cuboid or cube of (2 to 17) mm(2 to 17) mm(1 to 7) mm. Incidentally, FIG. 1 does not illustrate the lead portions 5a or 5b of the winding-wire portion 4 shown in FIG. 2. The lead portions 5a and 5b formed on both ends of the conductor 5 constituting the winding-wire portion 4 are configured to be taken outside the core portion 6 shown in FIG. 1.

(21) The outer circumference of the conductor (conductive wire) 5 constituting the winding-wire portion 4 is covered with an insulating film as necessary. For example, the conductor 5 is composed of Cu, Al, Fe, Ag, Au, or an alloy containing these metals. For example, the insulating film is composed of polyurethane, polyamide imide, polyimide, polyester, polyester-imide, or polyester-nylon. The conductor 5 has any transverse planar shape, such as circle and rectangle. In the present embodiment, the conductor 5 has a circular transverse plane.

(22) The core portion 6 has a magnetic powder and a resin (binder). The magnetic powder is not limited, and is a ferrite of MnZn, NiCuZn, etc. or a metal of FeSi (iron-silicon), sendust (FeSiAl; iron-silicon-aluminum), FeSiCr (iron-silicon-chromium), permalloy (FeNi), etc. Preferably, the magnetic powder is FeSi or FeSiCr. The magnetic has any crystal structure, such as amorphous and crystalline. The resin is not limited, and is an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a polyimide, a polyamideimide, a silicone resin, a combination thereof, or the like.

(23) The present embodiment is characterized in that the inside of the core portion 6 has a predetermined difference in density.

(24) As shown in FIG. 1, the core portion 6 includes a winding-wire inner circumferential neighboring region 61, a first end-surface neighboring region 62, and a second end-surface neighboring region 63. The winding-wire inner circumferential neighboring region 61 is defined as a region within 100 m from the inner circumferential surface 41 toward the winding axis center 4. The first end-surface neighboring region 62 is defined as a region within 100 m from the first end surface 42 toward the outside in the parallel direction to the winding axis center 4. The second end-surface neighboring region 63 is defined as a region within 100 m from the second end surface 43 toward the outside in the parallel direction to the winding axis center 4. The winding-wire portion 4 is present in the outward direction perpendicular to the winding axis center 4. The core portion 6 includes an inner-core central region 6 within 280 m from the winding axis center 4 toward the outward direction perpendicular thereto.

(25) In the inductor element 2 of the present embodiment, SS15.0% is satisfied, where Sa (%) is an area ratio of the magnetic powder in the inner-core central region 6, and S1(%) is an area ratio of the magnetic powder in the winding-wire inner circumferential neighboring region 61. In the core portion 6, the density of the magnetic powder in the part close to the winding axis center 4 is thereby higher than that in the part close to the winding-wire 5. SS1 may be 5.4% or more. SS1 has no upper limit, but is normally 20% or less. SS1 may be 7.5% or less.

(26) When the density of the magnetic powder in the part close to the winding axis center 4 is higher than that in the part on the inner side of the winding-wire 5 and close thereto in the core portion 6, the inductor element of the present embodiment can prevent generation of cracks and further improve inductance and DC superposition characteristics.

(27) In the inductor element 2 of the present embodiment, S-S42.0% is preferably satisfied, where S2(%) is an area ratio of the magnetic powder in the first end-surface neighboring region 62, S3(%) is an area ratio of the magnetic powder in the second end-surface neighboring region 63, and S4(%) is an average of S2 and S33. SS40% is more preferably satisfied. SS45.0% is further more preferably satisfied. That is, it is preferred in the inductor element 2 of the present embodiment that the density of the magnetic powder close to the winding axis center 4 be equal to or more than the density of the magnetic powder close to the winding-wire 5 and above and below the winding-wire 5 in the Z-axis direction. This structure makes it easier to prevent generation of cracks and makes it possible to easily improve inductance and DC superposition characteristics.

(28) In the inductor element 2 of the present embodiment, S65% is preferably satisfied. Moreover, S160% is preferably satisfied, and S460% is preferably satisfied. That is, the density of the magnetic powder is preferably a predetermined amount or more. When the magnetic powder has a high density, it becomes easier to prevent generation of cracks and improve inductance and DC superposition characteristics.

(29) The area ratio of the magnetic powder is measured by any method. For example, the area ratio of the magnetic powder is calculated visually from a SEM image of a cross section of the inductor element. The SEM image is observed using a SU820 (manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation). The image analysis software is a NanoHunter NS2K-Pro (manufactured by Nano System Co., Ltd.). When the area ratio is calculated from the SEM image, there is no limit to magnification or size of the SEM image. For example, the SEM image has a magnification of 100 to 180 times and a size of 480 m560 m.

(30) It can normally be considered that the area ratio of the magnetic powder is uniform in each of the regions. To reduce errors, it is normal that a plurality of measurement points is appropriately determined so as to be arranged substantially equally in each of the regions, and that used is an averaged result of measurement results of the area ratio of the magnetic powder at each of the measurement points. The number of measurement points is determined appropriately depending upon size, shape, etc. of each region. In the inner-core central region and the winding-wire inner circumferential neighboring region, for example, it is preferred that three or more measurement points (more preferably, five or more measurement points) be determined appropriately so as to be arranged substantially equally in each of the regions. Then, the measurement results at each of the measurement points are averaged and considered to be a measurement result of the region. In the first end-surface neighboring region and the second end-surface neighboring region, a measurement result at one measurement point may normally be considered to be a measurement result of the region.

(31) Next, a method of manufacturing the inductor element 2 shown in FIG. 1 is described using FIG. 2 and FIG. 3.

(32) The inductor element 2 manufactured by the method according to an embodiment of the present invention is manufactured by integrating two preliminary green compacts 60a and 60b and an insert member having the winding-wire portion 4 constituted by an air-core coil or so. Both ends of the conductor 5 constituting the winding-wire portion 4 are drawn as lead portions 5a and 5b toward outside the winding-wire portion 4. Terminals (not shown) may be connected with the lead portions 5a and 5b after a main compression or may previously be connected with the lead portions 5a and 5b before a main compression.

(33) Joint projected surfaces 70a and 70b are respectively formed on the preliminary green compacts 60a and 60b and are configured to be abutted and joined with each other. The joint projected surfaces 70a and 70b respectively include housing concave portions 90a and 90b for housing an upper half and a lower half of the winding portion 4. The housing concave portions 90a and 90b have a size where inner and outer circumferences and ends of the winding portion 4 as an insert member in the winding axis direction can contact with and enter the housing concave portions 90a and 90b. The larger the housing concave portions 90a and 90b are, the smaller S1, S2, and/or S3 tend(s) to be. This makes it easier to increase SS1, SS2, and/or SS3.

(34) Moreover, the housing concave portions 90a and 90b may include a groove whose depth is a and a groove whose depth is b at the positions shown in FIG. 3. The grooves are to be removed by compression, but the density around the winding-wire portion 4 decreases by forming the grooves in the housing concave portions 90a and 90b. More specifically, the larger a is, the smaller S1 tends to be, and the larger b is, the smaller S2 and S3 tend to be.

(35) Either or both of the joint projected surfaces 70a and 70b includes(s) leading grooves 80 for leading the lead portions 5a and 5b to the outside of the core portion 6. Incidentally, FIG. 2 illustrates a pair of lead portions 5a and 5b, but FIG. 3 does not illustrate the pair of lead portions 5a and 5b.

(36) First, prepared by any method are granules to be a raw material of the preliminary green compacts 60a and 60b. For example, the granules can be prepared by adding a resin to a magnetic powder and stirring and drying it.

(37) The magnetic powder has any particle size. For example, the magnetic powder has an average particle size of 0.5 to 50 m. Examples of the resin include epoxy resin, phenol resin, polyimide, polyamide imide, silicone resin, and a combination of them. An insulating film may be formed on the surface of the magnetic powder before mixing the magnetic powder and the resin. For example, an insulating film of SiO.sub.2 film can be formed by sol-gel method.

(38) Coarse granules may be removed by adding the resin to the magnetic powder, stirring it, and passing it through a mesh. The resin may be diluted with a solvent when added to the magnetic powder. The solvent is ketones, for example.

(39) The amount of the resin is not limited, but is preferably 1.0 to 6.0 wt % with respect to 100 wt % of the magnetic powder. When the amount of the resin is appropriate, the joint projected surfaces 70a and 70b are easily joined during a main compression mentioned below. The larger the amount of the resin is, the smaller the density of the magnetic powder is, and the smaller Sa, S1, S2, and S3 tend to be.

(40) The preliminary green compacts 60a and 60b are manufactured in such a manner that the granules containing the magnetic powder and the resin are filled in a die cavity and compressed preliminarily. The preliminary compression is carried out at any pressure, but is preferably carried out at a pressure of 2.510.sup.2 to 110.sup.3 MPa (2.5 to 10 t/cm.sup.2). The preliminary green compacts 60a and 60b have any density. For example, the preliminary green compacts 60a and 60b preferably have a density of 4.0 to 6.5 g/cm.sup.3.

(41) When the preliminary compression is carried out at a pressure of 2.510.sup.2 to 110.sup.3 MPa, prevented is/are a positional displacement of the winding portion 4 and/or a shape distortion of the wire generated after a main compression mentioned below, and it becomes easier to manufacture an inductor element excelling in all of withstand voltage, inductance, and DC superposition characteristics. When the densities of the preliminary green compacts 60a and 60b are in the above mentioned range (particularly 4.0 g/cm.sup.3 or more), S, S1, S2, and S3 mentioned above become high easily. When the densities of the preliminary green compacts 60a and 60b are 6.5 g/cm.sup.3 or less, it becomes easier to maintain the rust preventive effect of the product. This is because if the preliminary compression is carried out at a pressure that is high enough to obtain a high-density preliminary green compact, the insulating film becomes easy to be peeled.

(42) Next, the inductor element 2 is obtained by arranging the obtained preliminary green compacts 60a and 60b and insert member in another die cavity that is different from the die cavity in the manufacture of the preliminary green compacts 60a and 60b as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 and carrying out a main compression (crimping). The main compression is carried out at any pressure, but is preferably carried out, for example, at a pressure of 110.sup.2 to 810.sup.2 MPa (1 to 8 t/cm.sup.2). The pressure during the main compression is lower than the pressure during the preliminary compression (100%). The pressure during the main compression is preferably about 40 to 80%, more preferably about 50 to 60%, of the pressure during the preliminary compression (100%).

(43) When the pressure during the main compression is lower than the pressure during preliminary compression, it becomes easier to prevent a positional displacement of the winding portion 4 and/or a shape distortion of the wire generated after the main compression. The larger the pressure during the preliminary compression is than the pressure during the main compression, the more easily withstand voltage characteristics tend to improve.

(44) Preferably, the resin is completely hardened by heating the inductor element 2 taken out from the die after the main compression. Specifically, the resin is preferably completely hardened by heating the inductor element 2, which has been taken out from the die, at a temperature that is higher than a temperature where the resin begins to be hardened.

(45) In the inductor element 2 manufactured by the above-mentioned method, a positional displacement of the winding portion 4 and/or a shape distortion of the wire is/are small, and the core portion 6, particularly the inner-core central region 6, can be formed densely. Thus, withstand voltage can also be improved while inductance and DC superposition characteristics are improved.

(46) In the present embodiment, the core portion 6 of the inductor element 2 to be finally obtained can be manufactured uniformly and densely. As a result, inductance and DC superposition characteristics can be improved more than those of conventional inductor elements.

(47) In addition to the method shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the inductor element 2 according to the present embodiment is manufactured by, for example, a method of preparing a flat preliminary green compact 60a1 and a pot preliminary green compact 60b1 as shown in FIG. 6. Incidentally, the preliminary green compacts 60a1 and 60b1 may include a groove whose depth is a and a groove whose depth is b similarly to the method shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3. Moreover, the inductor element 2 according to the present embodiment may be manufactured by preparing three preliminary green compacts 60e2, 60h, and 60i as shown in FIG. 7. The shapes of the preliminary green compacts are not limited to the shapes shown in FIG. 6 or FIG. 7, and should be determined so that the inductor element 2 to be finally obtained has the shape shown in FIG. 1. Incidentally, the preliminary green compacts 60e2, 60h, and 60i may include a groove whose depth is a and a groove whose depth is b similarly to the method shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3. The larger the number of preliminary green compacts is, the better DC superposition characteristics tend to improve.

Second Embodiment

(48) Hereinafter, Second Embodiment is described using FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, but is not described with respect to common matters with First Embodiment.

(49) In an inductor element 2A of Second Embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the density of the magnetic powder in an inner core part 6a1 including the inner-core central region 6a and the winding-wire inner circumferential neighboring region 61 is higher than that of First Embodiment. In this case, the area ratio Sa of the magnetic powder in the inner-core central region 6 and the area ratio S1 of the magnetic powder in the winding-wire inner circumferential neighboring region 61 tend to be high, and DC superposition characteristics tend to further improve compared to First Embodiment.

(50) The inductor element 2A of Second Embodiment is manufactured by any method, and is manufactured by, for example, a method of preparing a preliminary green compact 60a1 where an inner core part 6a1 is higher than an outer circumference 6b1 by z1 and similarly preparing a preliminary green compact 60b1 where an inner core part 6a1 is higher than an outer circumference 6b1 by z2.

(51) When a main compression similar to First Embodiment is carried out using the preliminary green compacts 60a1 and 60b1, the amount of the magnetic powder in the inner core part 6a1 is larger than the amount of the magnetic powder in the outer circumference 6b1, and the density of the magnetic powder in the inner core part 6a1 (the inner-core central region 6a and the winding-wire inner circumferential neighboring region 61) is larger than the density of the magnetic powder in the outer circumference 6b1 containing the first end-surface neighboring region 62 and the second end-surface neighboring region 63.

(52) Incidentally, there is no limit to the magnitude correlation of z1 and z2. That is, z1>z2 or z1<z2 may be satisfied. Moreover, z1 or z2 may be zero.

(53) The lengths of the inner circumferential parts 6a1 and 6a1 in the Z-axis direction are larger than the lengths of the outer circumferences 6b1 and 6b1 in the Z-axis direction as shown in FIG. 5, and the inner core part 6a1 shown in FIG. 4 is thereby compressed more strongly than the outer circumference 6b1.

(54) Even if a preliminary green compact having the shape shown in FIG. 7 is used, when the magnetic powder of the preliminary green compact to be an inner core part after a main compression has a high density, an inner core part of an inductor element to be finally obtained has a high density, and effects similar to the above are demonstrated.

(55) Incidentally, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments and may be changed variously within the scope of the present invention.

EXAMPLES

(56) Hereinafter, the present invention is described based on more detailed Examples, but is not limited thereto.

Example 1

(57) In Example 1, preliminary green compacts having the shapes in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 were manufactured by preliminary compression and were then subjected to a main compression, and an inductor element having the shape shown in FIG. 1 was obtained. Incidentally, a=0.20 mm and b=0.40 mm were satisfied.

(58) First, granules to be filled in a die cavity were prepared. A FeSi alloy (average particle size: 25 m) was prepared as a magnetic powder, and an insulating film of SiO.sub.2 by sol-gel method was formed on the surface of the magnetic powder. The magnetic powder was added with 3 wt % of an epoxy resin diluted into acetone with respect to 100 wt % of the magnetic powder and was stirred. After the stirring, the stirred material was passed through a mesh whose size was 250 m and dried at room temperature for 24 hours, and the granules to be filled in a die cavity were obtained.

(59) The granules were filled in a die cavity and subjected to a preliminary compression, and the preliminary green compacts having the shapes in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 were manufactured. The pressure during the preliminary compression was 400 MPa.

(60) Next, the manufactured preliminary green compacts and an insert member were arranged in another die cavity that was different from the die used in the preliminary compression. The two preliminary green compacts shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 and an insert member having a winding-wire portion whose inner diameter was 4 mm and height was 3 mm were arranged in the cavity as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3.

(61) Next, a main compression was carried out by pressurization from top and bottom in the Z-axis direction in FIG. 3. The main compression was carried out at 100 MPa.

(62) Thereafter, the green compacts were taken out from the die and heated for 1 hour at 180 C., which was higher than the temperature (110 C.) where the epoxy resin began to be hardened, and the epoxy resin was hardened, whereby samples (sample numbers 1 to 3) of inductor elements of each example shown in Table 1 were obtained. The size of the obtained core portion was length 7 mmwidth 7 mmheight 5.4 mm.

(63) Measured were S, S1, S2, and S3 of the samples of the inductor elements thus obtained. Specifically, S, S1, S2, and S3 were calculated by observation of a SEM image of 480 m560 m at each measurement point of the cross section of the inductor element. As for S, an inner-core central region was divided into six sections in parallel to the winding axis center, and one measurement point was set in each of the six sections (six measurement points in total). As for S1, a winding-wire inner circumferential neighboring region was divided into six sections in parallel to the winding axis center, and one measurement point was set in each of the six sections (six measurement points in total). As for S2 and S3, one measurement point was set in each neighboring region. Then, S, S1, S2, and S3 were calculated by calculating and averaging the area ratios of the magnetic powder at each of the measurement points, and S4 was further calculated by averaging S2 and S3. Table 1 shows S, S1, S2, S3, SS1, and SS4 in addition to the area ratio of the magnetic power at each measurement point.

(64) Moreover, evaluated was crack generation of the samples of each inductor element. Moreover, inductance L.sub.0 and DC superposition characteristics were measured. Table 2 shows the results.

(65) Inductance L.sub.0 was measured using an LCR meter (manufactured by Hewlett-Packard Co., Ltd.). In this measurement, the measurement frequency was 100 KHz, and the measurement voltage was 0.5 mV. An inductance L.sub.0 of 37.6 to 56.4 H was considered to be good.

(66) In the measurement of DC superposition characteristics, DC current was applied from zero to the samples of each inductor element, and DC superposition characteristics were evaluated by Isat (A), which was determined as a current value (ampere) that flowed when inductance (H) was decreased to 70% of inductance at zero current. When Isat was 3.6 A or more, DC superposition characteristics were considered to be good. When Isat was 5.0 A or more, DC superposition characteristics were considered to be better.

(67) In the evaluation of crack generation, the samples of each inductor element were left for 500 hours in a high temperature and high humidity of 85 C. and 85% RH and thereafter applied with DC current from zero, and Icr (A) was determined as a current value at the generation of cracks.

(68) When Icr-Isat>0 A was satisfied, crack prevention effect was considered to be good. When Icr-Isat>1.0 A was satisfied, crack prevention effect was considered to be better. In the cells of crack evaluation of Table 2, is put when Icr-Isat>1.0 A was satisfied, is put when 0 A<Icr-Isat1.0 A was satisfied, and is put when Icr-Isat0 A was satisfied.

(69) Moreover, a cross sectional photograph of the sample of the inductor element of Example 1 was taken and shown in FIG. 9. Moreover, FIG. 12 shows a SEM image of the inner-core central region of Example 1.

Comparative Example 1

(70) In Comparative Example 1, granules were manufactured similarly to Example 1, an insert member was disposed in a die cavity for main compression, the granules were filled in the die cavity, and a main compression was carried out without preliminary compression. An inductor element of Comparative Example 1 was manufactured similarly to that of Example 1 except that the main compression was carried out without preliminary compression. Table 1 and Table 2 show the results. In Comparative Example 1, however, the air-core coil was deformed as no preliminary compression was carried out, and unlike Example 1, the density in a winding-wire inner circumferential neighboring region of the inductor element could not thereby be measured at six points. Thus, five measurement points were determined for the density in the winding-wire inner circumferential neighboring region. Moreover, FIG. 13 shows a SEM image of the inner-core central region of the inductor element of Comparative Example 1.

(71) Moreover, a cross-sectional photograph of the sample of the inductor element of Comparative Example 1 was taken and shown in FIG. 9.

(72) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 area ratio of metal powder [%] first end- second end- winding-wire inner circumferential surface surface neighboring region core central region neighboring neighboring average average region region 1 2 3 4 5 6 (S1) 1 2 3 4 5 6 (S) (S2) (S3) EX. 1 65.4 65.7 63.9 64.8 65.4 63.1 64.7 71.5 74.6 71.5 72.1 69.8 71.4 71.8 64.5 66.2 COMP. 59.7 57.6 53.5 52.0 59.5 56.5 61.1 59.5 59.4 60.9 55.7 55.6 58.7 64.5 62.9 EX1

(73) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 shape of com- prelim- preliminary position inary crack green of metal com- a b z1 area ratio of metal powder [%] L.sub.0 Isat Icr eval- compact powder pression [mm] [mm] [mm] S S1 S2 S3 S S1 S S4 [pH] [A] [A] uation EX. 1 FIGS. 2 FeSi done 0.20 0.40 0.00 3.5 3.5 64.5 66.2 0.0 61.9 48.00 6.45 >8.0 and 3 EX. 2 FIGS. 2 FeSi done 0.15 0.20 0.00 72.1 65.7 68.8 69.3 6.4 3.1 48.52 6.29 >8.0 and 3 EX. 3 FIGS. 2 FeSi done 0.10 0.05 0.00 71.9 66.1 73.0 73.0 5.8 1.1 49.04 6.10 7.4 and 3 EX. 4 FIGS. 2 FeSi done 0.05 0.00 0.00 64.2 58.8 67.3 66.8 5.4 2.8 47.59 6.21 6.9 and 3 EX. 5 FIGS. 2 FeSi done 0.15 0.30 0.00 64.8 58.3 58.7 59.1 6.5 5.9 47.43 6.12 >8.0 and 3 COMP. no prelim- FeSi no 71.8 64.7 64.5 62.9 7.1 8.1 46.39 4.94 <4.0 x EX1 inary green compact EX. 11 FIGS. 2 FeSiCr done 0.15 0.40 0.00 71.3 64.9 65.2 64.6 6.4 6.4 49.02 5.26 >8.0 and 3 COMP. no prelim- FeSiCr no 57.6 55.0 63.0 63.0 2.6 5.4 47.48 4.06 <4.0 x EX11 inary green compact EX. 21 FIG. 5 FeSi done 0.15 0.40 0.80 73.4 67.1 65.6 66.2 6.3 7.5 48.70 6.70 >8.0

(74) According to Table 1, FIG. 12, and FIG. 13, the density of the inner-core central region was higher than the density of the winding-wire inner circumferential neighboring region in Example 1 of the present application. Moreover, the density of the inner-core central region was higher than the density of the first end-surface neighboring region and the density of the second end-surface neighboring region. On the other hand, the density of the winding-wire inner circumferential neighboring region and the density of the inner-core central region were substantially equal to each other in Comparative Example 1 of the present application. Moreover, the density of the inner-core central region was lower than the first end-surface neighboring region and the density of the second end-surface neighboring region in Comparative Example 1 of the present application. Moreover, when FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 were compared, the inductor element of Example 1 of the present application had a smaller distortion than the inductor element of Comparative Example 1 of the present application.

(75) According to Table 1 and Table 2, it is understood that the area ratio of the magnetic powder in particularly the winding-wire inner circumferential neighboring region had a small variation in the inductor element of Example 1 of the present application. That is, the inductor element of Example 1 of the present application had a small variation with respect to the density of the magnetic powder in the winding-wire inner circumferential neighboring region and to characteristics.

(76) Moreover, Table 1 and Table 2 show that Example 1 of the present application, where SS1 was 5.0% or more, had a larger effect on crack prevention than Comparative Example 1 of the present application, where SS1 was less than 5.0%. Example 1 of the present application, where SS4 was 5.0% or more, was more excellent than Comparative Example 1 of the present application, where SS4 was less than 2.0%, with respect to, for example, inductance change rate before and after the high-temperature storage test at 150 C. The inductance change rate of Example 1 of the present application was small probably because the density around the coil was low, and the distortion of the coil was small. Moreover, Example 1 of the present application, where Sa was 65% or more, had a higher Isat and more excellent DC superposition characteristics than those of Comparative Example 1 of the present application, where Sa was less than 65%.

Examples 2 to 5

(77) Examples 2 to 5 were examples where a and b were changed from those of Example 1, and S, S1, S2, S3, and S4 were changed by controlling the material filling rate in a range where SS1 was 5.0% or more.

(78) Specifically, a and b of Examples 2 and 3 were smaller than those of Example 1. In Examples 4 and 5, a and b were smaller than those of Example 1, and the filling rate of granules was reduced. Table 2 shows the results. In all of Examples 2 to 5, SS1 was 5.0% or more, and the effect on crack prevention was large.

(79) Examples 1 to 3 and 5, where SS42.0% was satisfied, had a larger effect on crack prevention than that of Example 4, where SS4<2.0% was satisfied. Moreover, Examples 1, 2, and 5, where SS40% was satisfied, had a further larger effect on crack prevention than that of Example 3, where SS4<0% was satisfied.

Example 11 and Comparative Example 11

(80) Example 11 and Comparative Example 11 were respectively manufactured with the same conditions as Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 except that a FeSiCr alloy (average particle size: 25 m) was prepared as a magnetic powder. Table 2 shows the results. A cross-sectional photograph of the sample of the inductor element of Example 11 was taken and shown in FIG. 10. A cross-sectional photograph of the sample of the inductor element of Comparative Example 11 was taken and shown in FIG. 11. Moreover, FIG. 14 shows a SEM image of the inner-core central region of Example 11, and FIG. 15 shows a SEM image of the inner-core central region of Comparative Example 11.

(81) Example 11 and Comparative Example 11 show that a similar tendency to the tendency of the magnetic powder of FeSi alloy was exhibited even in the magnetic powder of FeSiCr alloy.

Example 21

(82) The inductor element of Example 21 was manufactured with the same conditions as those of Example 1 except that the shape of the preliminary green compact was changed to the shape shown in FIG. 5. Incidentally, z1=z2=800 Lm was satisfied. Table 2 shows the results.

(83) According to Table 2, S, S1, and SS4 of Example 21, where the shape of the preliminary green compact was the shape shown in FIG. 5, were further larger than those of Example 1. As a result, DC superposition characteristics of Example 21 was further improved.

NUMERICAL REFERENCES

(84) 2,2A . . . inductor element 4 . . . winding-wire portion 4a . . . winding axis center 41 . . . inner circumferential surface 42 . . . first end surface 43 . . . second end surface 44 . . . outer circumferential surface 5 . . . conductor 6 . . . core portion 6a . . . inner circumferential part 6b . . . outer circumferential part 6 . . . inner-core central region 61 . . . winding-wire inner circumferential neighboring region 62 . . . first end-surface neighboring region 63 . . . second end-surface neighboring region 60a to 60k . . . preliminary green compact 70a to 70n . . . joint projected surface 80 . . . leading groove 90a, 90b . . . housing concave portion