Abstract
A building faade element embodied as an insulating glass unit includes at least one first and one second glass pane, at least one glass spacer consisting of glass, which is connected to each glass pane by at least one sealant, at least one other spacer which is gas-tight or comprises a gas-tight layer and is connected to each glass pane by at least one second sealant, and at least one joining region for a glass spacer and another spacer. The at least one glass spacer, the at least one other spacer and the glass panes form a closed inner chamber that does not affect the visual appearance. To this end, the at least one joining region is closed by a third sealant in a gas-tight manner, with the sealant containing butyl and being guided over the joining region.
Claims
1-22. (canceled)
23. A building facade element embodied as an insulating glass unit, comprising: at least one first and one second glass panes; at least one glass spacer made of glass and connected to each of the at least one first and second glass panes by at least one first sealant; at least one additional spacer which is gas-tight or which has a gas-tight layer and which is connected to each of the at least one first and second glass panes by at least one second sealant; at least one joining region between the at least one glass spacer and the at least one additional spacer; wherein the at least one glass spacer, the at least one additional spacer and the at least one first and at least one second glass panes form a sealed inner chamber, and wherein the at least one joining region is sealed so as to be gas-tight by means of a third sealant which contains butyl and which extends over the joining region.
24. The building facade element of claim 23, wherein the third sealant comprises a metal-containing tape.
25. The building facade element of claim 23, wherein the at least one additional spacer has a recess proximal the at least one joining region, with the remaining non-recessed region of the at least one additional spacer extending along a short side of the at least one glass spacer.
26. The building facade element of claim 25, wherein the at least one first sealant includes a first primary sealant on a side facing the inner chamber and a first secondary sealant on a side facing the external region, with the first secondary sealant also being disposed on the short side of the at least one glass spacer.
27. The building facade element of claim 26, wherein the remaining non-recessed region of the at least one additional spacer does not extend over the entire length of the short side of the at least one glass spacer, with the third sealant extending from the remaining short side of the at least one glass spacer up to the external side of the at least one additional spacer.
28. The building facade element of claim 23, wherein at least one additional layer of the third sealant and/or of silicone is disposed on the edge of the insulating glass unit.
29. The building facade element of claim 23, wherein the at least one first, at least one second, and third sealants are resistant to natural UV radiation.
30. The building facade element of claim 23, wherein the at least one first sealant includes a first primary sealant on the side facing the inner chamber and a first secondary sealant on the side facing the external region and/or wherein the at least one second sealant consists of a second primary sealant on the side facing the inner chamber and a second secondary sealant on the side facing the external region.
31. The building facade element as in claim 30, wherein at least one of the first primary, first secondary, second primary, and second secondary sealants is transparent and/or wherein the first primary sealant and/or the second primary sealant contains acrylic and/or wherein the first primary sealant and/or the second primary sealant is a double-sided adhesive tape and/or wherein the first secondary sealant and/or the second secondary sealant contains butyl.
32. The building facade element of claim 23, wherein the at least one first sealant includes a first primary sealant on the side facing the inner chamber and a first secondary sealant on the side facing the external region, with the first primary sealant containing acrylic and with the first secondary sealant containing butyl which is resistant to natural UV radiation.
33. The building facade element of claim 32, wherein the first secondary sealant is a black butyl sealant and the first primary sealant is transparent.
34. The building facade element of claim 23, wherein the inner chamber is filled with gas and/or wherein at least one of the at least one first and at least one second glass panes is coated on at least one side with a metal coating.
35. The building facade element of claim 23, wherein the at least one additional spacer is a plastic spacer or a metal spacer and/or wherein the at least one additional spacer comprises a drying agent.
36. The building facade element of claim 23, wherein the gas-tight layer is a metal-containing tape and/or wherein the at least one additional spacer is puncturable so as to be able to fill the inner chamber with gas.
37. The building facade element of claim 23, wherein the at least one glass spacer is composed of a plurality of components which are disposed one next to the other and/or wherein the at least one additional spacer is composed of a plurality of components which are disposed one next to the other.
38. The building facade element of claim 34, wherein the inner chamber is filled with at least one of argon, krypton and xenon gas.
39. The building facade element of claim 35, wherein the at least one additional spacer is an aluminum or stainless steel spacer.
Description
[0028] The invention will be described in greater detail below by way of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings show:
[0029] FIG. 1 a plan view of the building facade element embodied as an insulating glass unit without an upper glass pane;
[0030] FIG. 2 a first embodiment of the connection between a glass spacer and the glass panes;
[0031] FIG. 3 a second embodiment of the connection between a glass spacer and the glass panes;
[0032] FIG. 4 a third embodiment of the connection between a glass spacer and the glass panes;
[0033] FIG. 5 a fourth embodiment of the connection between a glass spacer and the glass panes;
[0034] FIG. 6 a fifth embodiment of the connection between a glass spacer and the glass panes;
[0035] FIG. 7 a first embodiment of the connection between an additional spacer and the glass panes;
[0036] FIG. 8 a second embodiment of the connection between an additional spacer and the glass panes;
[0037] FIG. 9 a first embodiment of the seal sealing the joining region between a glass spacer and an additional spacer;
[0038] FIG. 10 a second embodiment of the seal sealing the joining region between a glass spacer and an additional spacer.
[0039] FIG. 1 shows the insulating glass unit 1 without the second glass pane 3. In this figure, glass spacers 4 are disposed on the two long sides of the first glass pane 2, and the additional spacers 6 are disposed on the short sides. The glass spacers 4 are disposed to sit flush with the external edge of the first glass pane 2, while the additional spacers 6 are slightly offset in the direction of the inner chamber 10. Furthermore, the glass spacers 4 do not extend completely up to the short side of the second glass pane 3, with a portion of the short side of the glass spacers 4 being superposed by a portion of the additional spacer 6. Also shown are third sealants 11 which extend over the four joining regions 9 of the glass spacers 4 and the additional spacers 6.
[0040] FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of the connection between a glass spacer 4 and the glass panes 2, 3 of the insulating glass unit 1. In the region between the glass panes 2, 3 and the glass spacer 4, a first sealant 5, 5 is disposed. Also shown is the inner chamber 10 of the insulating glass unit 1. The external edge of the glass spacer 4 sits flush with the external edges of the glass panes 2, 3, while the first sealant 5, 5 does not extend completely up to the external edge. According to an alternative embodiment, the first sealant 5, 5 can also extend all the way to the external edge.
[0041] FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the connection between a glass spacer 4 and the glass panes 2, 3 as shown in FIG. 2. The first sealant 5, 5 consists of a first primary sealant 13 on the side facing the inner chamber 10 and a first secondary sealant 14 on the side facing the external region. The first secondary sealant 14 sits flush with the edges of the glass panes 2, 3.
[0042] FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of the connection between a glass spacer 4 and the glass panes 2, 3 as shown in FIG. 3. Applied to the external edge is an additional layer 12 which extends over the glass panes 2, 3 and the glass spacer 4.
[0043] FIG. 5 shows a fourth embodiment of the connection between a glass spacer 4 and the glass panes 2, 3 as shown in FIG. 4, wherein the first secondary sealant 14 is not disposed in the intermediate space between the glass spacer 4 and the glass panes 2, 3, but on the external edge instead. The additional layer 12 extends over the first secondary sealant 14.
[0044] FIG. 6 shows a fifth embodiment of the connection between a glass spacer 4 and the glass panes 2, 3. In contrast to the external edges of the glass panes 2, 3, the external edge of the glass spacer 4 is offset in the direction of the inner chamber 10. The first primary sealant 13 is disposed between the glass spacer 4 and the glass panes 2, 3. The first secondary sealant 14, and adjacent thereto, the additional layer 12 are disposed on the external edge of the glass spacer 4 in the region between the glass panes 2, 3. The additional layer 12 sits flush with the external edge of the glass panes 2, 3.
[0045] FIG. 7 shows a first embodiment of the connection between an additional spacer 6 and the glass panes 2, 3. In contrast to the external edges of the glass panes 2, 3, the external edge of the additional spacer 6 is offset in the direction of the inner chamber 10. Disposed between the glass panes 2, 3 and the additional spacer 6 is a second sealant 8, 8 which consists each of a second primary sealant 15 on the side facing the inner chamber 10 and a second secondary sealant 16 on the side facing the external region. The additional spacer 6 has a gas-tight layer 7 on the side facing the external region. Applied to the external edge of the additional spacer 6 in the region between the glass panes 2, 3 is an adhesive 17 which sits flush with the external edge of the glass panes 2, 3.
[0046] FIG. 8 shows a second embodiment of the connection between an additional spacer 6 and the glass panes 2, 3 as shown in FIG. 7. In the current figure, three of the additional spacers 6 with the respective sealants 8, 8 and, the second primary sealants 15 and the second secondary sealants 16, respectively, are disposed one next to the other. The gas-tight layer 7 is disposed only on the outermost of the three additional spacers 6.
[0047] FIG. 9 shows the insulating glass unit 1 without the second glass pane 3 in a first embodiment of a seal sealing the joining region 9 between a glass spacer 4 and an additional spacer 6. The glass spacer 4 and the additional spacer 6 are attached to the first glass pane 2. On the side facing the glass panes 2, 3, the first primary sealant 13 is disposed on the glass spacer 4. The first secondary sealant 14 is disposed in the region of the upper and lower external edges of the glass spacer 4 and on the short side of the glass spacer 4, which faces the joining region 9. On the side facing the glass panes 2, 3, the second primary sealant 15 is disposed on the additional spacer 6, and in the region of the upper and lower external edges of the additional spacer 6, the second secondary sealant 16 is disposed. Applied to the side facing the external side of the additional spacer 6 is a gas-tight layer 7. In the joining region 9, the additional spacer 6 has a recess, with the additional spacer 6, on the side facing the inner chamber 10, being cut out up to where the second secondary sealant 16 begins. As a result, the additional spacer 6 and the glass spacer 4 adjoin each other in such a way that the remaining non-recessed region of the additional spacer 6 extends along the short side of the glass spacer 4 on which the first secondary sealant 14 is disposed. This remaining non-recessed portion of the additional spacer 6 does not extend over the entire length of the short side of the glass spacer 4. On the remaining portion of the short side of the glass spacer 4 on which the secondary sealant 14 is disposed, the third sealant 11 is disposed. Here, the third sealant 11 extends from the short side of the glass spacer 4 over the short side of the non-recessed portion of the additional spacer 6 up to the external side of the additional spacer 6, [i.e.,] the gas-tight layer 7.
[0048] FIG. 10 shows a second embodiment of the seal sealing the joining region 9 as in FIG. 9. In this figure, the non-recessed portion of the additional spacer 6 extends up to a short distance from the external edge of the short side of the glass spacer 4. In contrast to the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, no first secondary sealant 14 is disposed on the short side of the glass spacer 4. The third sealant 11 here extends from the external side of the glass spacer 4 over the short side of the non-recessed portion of the additional spacer 6 up to the external side of the additional spacer 6, [i.e.,] the gas-tight layer 7.
[0049] The elements of a glass faade must satisfy both esthetic and functional requirements, especially with regard to thermal insulation. To this end, insulating glass units 1 are used, whose individual glass panes 2, 3 are connected to each other by means of spacers in such a way that a gas-tight inner chamber 10 is created, which can be filled with gas, especially a gas with low thermal conductivity, such as argon, xenon, krypton or a mixture thereof.
[0050] To avoid a negative effect on the visual appearance of the insulating glass unit 1 and to ensure a pleasing overall visual appearance of the glazing, spacers made of glass are used at least on the visible sides of the insulating glass unit 1 to be installed. The glass spacers 4 preferably have the same composition as the individual glass panes 2, 3 of the insulating glass unit 1. To ensure a gas-tight inner chamber 10, the glass spacers 4 are connected to the glass panes 2, 3 by means of first sealants 5, 5, as illustrated in FIGS. 2-6.
[0051] The first sealant 5, 5 shown in FIG. 2 is preferably a transparent sealant containing acrylic, especially in the form of a double-sided adhesive tape. In this context, an acrylic sealant is a sealant which contains acrylic or consists of acrylic. In addition to transparency, such an acrylic sealant provides the required elasticity and mechanical stability for the connection between the glass panes 2, 3 and the glass spacer 4. The acrylic sealant in the form of a double-sided adhesive tape furthermore allows easy processing and thus facilitates the manufacture of the insulating glass unit 1.
[0052] The first primary sealant 13 shown in FIGS. 3-6 preferably is the above-described acrylic sealant in the form of a double-sided adhesive tape. The first secondary sealant 14 of FIGS. 3-6 preferably contains butyl. In this context, a butyl sealant is a sealant which contains butyl or consists of butyl. This type of butyl sealant is marked by high gas impermeability and, in addition to the first primary sealant 13, is intended to ensure the gas-tight connection between the glass spacer 4 and the glass panes 2, 3.
[0053] The additional layer 12 shown in FIG. 4, which is disposed on the external edge, can consist especially of the above-described butyl sealant or of silicone. A silicone layer serves especially to protect the first secondary sealant 14, especially the paste-like butyl sealant. In the alternative embodiment of FIG. 5, an additional layer 12, preferably in the form of a silicone layer, is applied on top of the layer of the first secondary sealant 14 which was applied to the outside. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, an additional layer 12, preferably consisting of the butyl sealant described or of silicone, is applied to the layer of the first secondary sealant 14.
[0054] As FIG. 1 shows, in addition to the glass spacers 4, additional spacers 6 are used, inter alia to introduce a drying agent into the insulating glass unit 1, which drying agent is preferably in contact with the inner chamber 10. The drying agent introduced into the additional spacer 6 may contain, for example, silica gels, molecular sieves, CaCl.sub.2), Na.sub.2SO.sub.4, active charcoal, silicates, bentonites, zeolites and/or mixtures thereof, serves to absorb the residual moisture present in the inner chamber 10 of the insulating glass unit 1. This prevents the glass panes 2, 3 on the side facing the inner chamber 10 from fogging up as a result of moisture condensation. The additional spacers 6 used are preferably commercially available plastic spacers. The body of the plastic spacer, which allows an exchange of air or gas with the inner chamber 10 of the insulating glass unit 1, is filled with a drying agent. On the two sides facing the glass panes 2, 3, the plastic spacer has second sealants 8, 8, especially a second primary sealant 15, preferably in the form of a sealant containing acrylic, and a second secondary sealant 16, preferably a sealant containing butyl. The second secondary sealant 16 adjoins the second primary sealant 15, which faces the inner chamber 10. The long side of the plastic spacer facing the external region has a gas-tight layer 7, preferably in the form of a metal-containing tape, especially a plastic tape coated with aluminum. The gas-tight layer 7 prevents an exchange of gas through the plastic spacer to the outside. In addition to the plastic spacers, other spacers, for example, metal spacers, especially spacers made of aluminum or stainless steel, are also conceivable as additional spacers 6.
[0055] The adhesive 17 used in the possible embodiments of the connection between an additional spacer 6 and the glass panes 2, 3, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, is preferably a silicone or polyurethane adhesive. Thus, in addition to the second sealants 8, 8 and the second primary sealants 15 and the second secondary sealants 16, respectively, this adhesive additionally bonds the glass panes 2, 3 to each other. The insulating glass unit 1 embodied as a building facade element is preferably mounted on a building facade by means of carrier elements which are disposed in the region of the additional spacers 6. Thus, a negative effect of the additional spacers 6 or the adhesive 17 on the visual appearance is prevented or reduced to a minimum.
[0056] The embodiment shown in FIG. 8, in which a plurality of the additional spacers 6 are disposed one next to the other, serves, inter alia, to introduce more drying agents into the insulating glass unit 1. To facilitate the exchange of gas between the inner chamber 10 and all of the additional spacers 6, only the outermost of the additional spacers 6 has a gas-tight layer 7.
[0057] In order to use the insulating glass unit 1 as an element of a building faade, the sealants 5, 5, 8, 8, 11 used must be sufficiently resistant especially to natural UV radiation. In this context, a sealant is considered resistant to natural UV radiation if, for example, after the treatment specified in DIN EN ISO 4892-2, it has not undergone any substantial changes over a period of 3000 hours. However, other definitions of UV resistance obvious to those skilled in the art can also be followed, such as a treatment according to the American Standard ANSI Z97.1-2015 which requires that no substantial changes occur over a period of 3000 hours. Since sealants containing transparent butyl are not sufficiently resistant to natural UV exposure, the butyl sealant, especially the sealant used for the secondary sealants 14, 16, is a black butyl sealant which has the UV resistance required. A negative effect on the insulating glass unit 1 caused by the secondary sealant 14, 16, especially by the secondary sealant 14 disposed in the region of the glass spacers 4, is negligible since this sealant is applied only in a thin layer.
[0058] To obtain a gas-tight inner chamber 10, it is necessary, in addition to the gas-tight connection between the glass spacer 4 and the glass panes 2, 3 and between the additional spacer 6 and the glass panes 2, 3, to seal the joining region between a glass spacer 4 and an additional spacer 6 with a gas-tight seal. Special attention must be paid to the short side of the additional spacers 6, which does not have a gas-tight layer 7 and could therefore make a gas exchange possible. FIGS. 9 and 10 show two possible embodiments, in which the inside portion of the additional spacer 6, especially of a plastic spacer, is cut out to create the recesses for the additional spacers 6 in the joining region 9. In these figures, the third sealant 11, which extends from the glass spacer 4 up to the external side of the additional spacer 6, covers especially the gas-permeable short side of the additional spacer 6. The third sealant 11 used is especially a sealant containing butyl or a metal-containing tape. The third sealant 11 used is preferably a butyl tape laminated with a metal-containing tape, especially a butyl tape laminated with an aluminum tape.
[0059] To fill the inner chamber 10 of the insulating glass unit 1 with gas, the at least one additional spacer 6 is punctured in at least two areas to create a gas inlet and a gas outlet. Via the inlet, the inner chamber 10 is subsequently filled with the gas to be introduced until only the gas to be introduced can be detected at the outlet. The inlet and the outlet are subsequently sealed with a gas-tight seal by means of a sealant, especially a butyl sealant.
[0060] To manufacture a building facade element embodied as an insulating glass unit 1 according to the present invention, glass spacers 4 are placed on the long side of the lower first glass pane 2 on top of the first primary sealant 13, preferably in the form of the above-described double-sided acrylic adhesive tape, and along the external edges of the glass spacer 4 on top of the first secondary sealant 14, preferably in the form of a butyl string. The additional spacers 6, preferably in the form of the commercially available plastic spacers described, are provided with the recesses described and are attached to the short sides of the first glass pane 2 adjacent to the glass spacers 4. After placement of the second glass pane 3, the insulating glass unit 1 is joined together under pressure. Subsequently, the joining region 9 is sealed by means of the third sealant 11, the inner chamber 10 is filled with gas, the adhesive 17 is applied to the external side of the plastic spacers, and one additional layer or a plurality of additional layers 12 of a butyl sealant or of silicone is/are applied to the edge of the insulating glass unit 1.
[0061] In other embodiments, at least one of the glass panes 2, 3 can be provided with a metal layer, for example, a sun protection layer or a thermal protection layer.
[0062] Also conceivable are insulating glass units 1 which are constructed of more than two glass panes 2, 3 and a plurality of inner chambers 10.
[0063] Furthermore, given the length of the building facade elements, it is possible for a glass spacer 4 to be composed of a plurality of components, especially of a plurality of glass components disposed one next to the other.
LIST OF REFERENCE CHARACTERS
[0064] 1 Insulating glass unit [0065] 2 First glass pane [0066] 3 Second glass pane [0067] 4 Glass spacer [0068] 5 First sealant [0069] 6 Spacer [0070] 7 Gas-tight layer [0071] 8 Second sealant [0072] 9 Joining region [0073] 10 Inner chamber [0074] 11 Third sealant [0075] 12 Layer [0076] 13 First primary sealant [0077] 14 First secondary sealant [0078] 15 Second primary sealant [0079] 16 Second secondary sealant [0080] 17 Adhesive
