A RETRACTOR SYSTEM

Abstract

The invention relates to an abdominal retractor system using human body parts as support points by means of extension levers, and maintains approach to the surgical region by pressing abdominal wall downwards.

Claims

1) A retractor system, comprising a main retractor block as well as vaginal arm with soft padded urethral window (7), including mechanisms (6) within a box.

2) A retractor system as per claim 1, wherein the main retractor block includes main retractors (1), extension retractors (2), front retractor (3), main retractor block gear bar (4) and a table (5) for holding purposes.

3) A retractor system as per claim 1, wherein the cervical spur (9) at the end enters into the cervical canal to maintain an additional fixation enabling the vaginal arm (7) to slide and include the cavity for cervix uteri (8).

4) A retractor system according to claim 3, wherein the vaginal arm (7) has an urethral opening (10) for uncrushing of the bladder pipe.

5) A retractor system according to claim 4, wherein soft pillows (11) are available at both sides of the cavity (10) for protecting the chamber wall.

6) A retractor system according to claim 1, whereas the main retractor block provides a threaded rod canal (14) where the said block moves within the threaded rod hole (12) enabling pushing of the vaginal arm (7) bearing the main retractor block, and the mechanism (6) to each other.

7) A retractor system according to claim 6, wherein the main retractors (1) have a thread (15) for maintaining a similar degree of opening.

8) A retractor system according to claim 7, wherein the main retractors (1) include a gear locking mechanism (16) to prevent closure of the said retractors.

9) A retractor system according to claim 8, wherein the gear locking mechanism (16) has an anti-lock mechanism lever (17) for bringing the main retractors (1) back to 25 their original positions.

10) A retractor system according to claim 9, wherein the main retractors (1) include a stop handle (19) separating the main retractor block from vaginal arm (7) when pressed backwards, if needed, and which is hold active with being pressed by a spring (20) and preventing upward escaping again with pull down lever (18) for movement against vaginal arm (7).

11) A retractor system according to claim 10, wherein the pull down lever (18) includes a towing arm, which stands in the pressed form against female lever via pull handle spring (22) transmitting this action to main retractor block gear bar (4) by means of each full action downwards of the pull down lever (18).

12) A retractor system according to claim 11, wherein the main retractors (1) and extension retractors (2) thereof include a pull handle (21), which is fixed on one of the gears at threaded bar (4), maintaining required reduction.

13) A retractor system according to claim 2, wherein the said system provides a front retractor (3) at the region closer to the pubic bone, forward-backward position of which is adjusted by a fixing screw (23) and end angle of which is adjustable with a screw (24).

14) A retractor system according to claim 2, wherein the said system comprises extension retractors (2) and bowel retractor (25) required for wide abdominal operations.

15) A retractor system according to claim 14, wherein, on the main retractor block facing side the said system further comprises stopping canals (26) enabling protection of the bowel retractors' (25) position without sliding upwards and where stop overhangs (27) enters as well as which can adapt to sidewards opening of retractor at each and every degree at both sides.

16) A retractor system according to claim 14, wherein the said system provides main retractors (1) and extension retractors (2) with vertical direction for opening injury edges sideways as well as main retractor down-press zone (28) located at horizontal axis and which has a wide body with sufficient protrusion to outwards from end for pressing side abdominal wall downwards easily.

17) A retractor system according to claim 16, wherein the said system includes a pressing screw (30) fixing extension retractors (2) installed to the main retractor.

18) A retractor system according to claim 14, wherein the said system comprises pressure sensors (31) warning for release in case of excessive pressing and damaging the tissue, at the muscle side, namely external side of the retractors (1, 2).

19) A retractor system according to claim 18, wherein the said system further comprises generators (32) sending special electrical currents at the muscle side namely, external side of the retractors (1, 2) for releasing abrupt muscle contractions due to the dosage reduction of the anesthetical drugs.

20) A retractor system according to claim 18, wherein the said system provides a long arm (7), maintaining support from back region of the patient instead of mechanism (6) in case of insufficient support of mechanism (6) and arm (7) from vagina.

21) A retractor system according to claim 1, wherein the said system includes a screw, installed onto the arm (7) and a nut, installed onto the table (5) instead of gear bar (4) and mechanism (6) in order to maintain approach of main retractor back to the arm (7).

22) A method according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises a step of approaching the abdominal wall to the surgical point by applying pressure to be sideways of the surgical cuts at the abdominal region.

23) A method according to claim 16, wherein the process comprises a step of approaching the abdominal wall to the surgical point by applying pressure to be sideways of the surgical cuts at the abdominal region.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0054] In normal position; the main retractor (1), extension retractors (2), the front retractor (3), the threaded rod and the main retractor block gear bar (4) (FIGS. 1,2, 6), which consists of a table (5) that holds them all together, and the pull-down mechanism (6), the pitted vaginal arm (7) (FIGS. 3, 7, 11, 12) is separated from one another. The vaginal arm (7) is inserted into the chamber and pushed forward. There's a cervix here. The vaginal arm (7) slides underneath it into the cavity (8) at the end of the cervix (FIG. 11). The protrusion at the end (9) also forms an additional fixation by entering the cervical canal (FIG. 11). There is an opening (10), such as an urethra opening, on the vaginal arm (7) to prevent the urine tube from being crushed (FIGS. 1, 3, 7). On both sides of this opening there are soft pillows (11) so as not to damage the container wall. Then, the gear bar (4) of the main retractor block in the closed position is inserted into the hole in the pull-down mechanism (12) connected to the vaginal arm (FIG. 1). The threaded rod blades (13), entering here, enter the channel (14) (FIGS. 7, 8, 9) through which they move up and down. It is pushed as far as it can be pushed. Thus, the vaginal arm (7), which carries the main retractor block and the mechanism, is pushed against one another and the main retractors are opened to one side in connection to the muscles on both sides. The main retractors (1) are associated with each other by means of a gear (15) and are opened to the same degree (FIG. 6). Closing of the main retractors is prevented by a threaded locking mechanism (16) (FIG. 6). This mechanism has a lever (17). When this lever is pressed, the main retractors (1) can immediately be moved to their original positions (FIG. 10).

[0055] If the main movement of the main retractors towards the vaginal arm (7) is desired, the lever (18) of the pull-down mechanism is pressed down to the end (FIG. 8). The stop handle (19) prevents from escaping upwards again. This arm (19) is always held in pressed form with a spring (20) in order to prevent back-flow. Each full downward movement of the mechanism arm (18) pulls down a shaft-driven pull handle (21) in the mechanism box. The shaft at the end of the traction arm is seated on a thread on the threaded arm and is pressed against the threaded arm by means of a spring (22). The pull handle (21), seated on a thread, lowers main retractors (1) and the extension retractors connected to thereof by one thread (FIG. 8). The retractors will be lowered as much as needed by means of required motion. In case of a need for removal of the retractor assembly from the vaginal arm, the stop lever (19) is pressed backwards (FIG. 9). A long screw mounted on the arm (7) can be adapted by means of a ball nut mounted on the plate (5) instead of the mechanism (6) and the gear lever (4) for the main retractor block to approach the arm (7).

[0056] There is a front retractor (3), which can be adjusted to the pubic bone, namely the forward-backward position fixation screw (23), in the region close to the bladder and the angle of the tip to the screw (24) (FIG. 5).

[0057] There are also extension retractors (2), which can be adjusted both downwards and sideways for wide abdominal operations extending upwards (FIGS. 1, 4, 6). To keep the bowels away from the surgical site, there is a compatible bowel retractor (25) (FIGS. 1, 13). On the side of this retractor facing the main retractor system, there are stop channels (26) on both sides. The stop overhangs (27) at the end of the retractors enter those channels at the appropriate level. Since the channels are transversely long towards sides, they adapt to lateral opening of the retractor and the bowel retractor (25) can maintain its position without sliding upwards (FIG. 13).

[0058] The body of the main retractors (1) and extension retractors (2) is wide and on the horizontal axis (28). Thus, it can easily lower the side abdominal walls downwards (FIGS. 1, 2, 4, 6, 10) and open the wound edges sideways with a vertical extension (FIGS. 1, 2, 4, 10, 11, 12, 14). The opening ends (29) are round and smooth so as not to damage the organs (FIGS. 1, 2, 4, 11). After the extension retractors are attached to the main retractor, the screw (30) is fixed by tightening (FIGS. 1, 6, 12).

[0059] Outside the retractors (1, 2) namely, on the muscle contacting side of the vertical part which serves to open the wound to the sideways, there are pressure sensors (31) (FIGS. 1, 11, 12). They give notice of loosening of the tissue by giving warning of the tissue being squeezed and damaged thus, tissue is protected from being crushed. Furthermore, in the same sensor area, there are generators (32) that send special electric currents to loosen the abrupt muscle contractions that occur when the dose of the anesthetic drug decreases (FIGS. 1, 11, 12).

[0060] For fat patients, the support of the current mechanism (6) and the arm (7) from the vagina may not be sufficient. In this case, instead of the mechanism (6), one of the commercially available clamping systems will be adapted and the support will be taken from the patient's back region, covered with a soft layer but with a wider and longer arm (7) (FIG. 14).

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION OF HE INVENTION

[0061] The retractor system which serves to the above described purposes, can be produced, and used in the corresponding branch of the industry, and has a structure applicable to the medical sector.