Pill and paste carrier
10874119 ยท 2020-12-29
Assignee
Inventors
- Nancy L. Pohlman (Camp Verde, AZ, US)
- Timothy J. Pearl (Twin Falls, ID, US)
- Stephen E. Duren (Weiser, ID, US)
- Jason G. Egbert (Murtaugh, ID, US)
- Manase M. Ngauamo (Murtaugh, ID, US)
- Kathleen F. Starr (Hazelton, ID, US)
- Brook K. Bacon (Twin Falls, ID, US)
Cpc classification
A61K47/46
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A23K20/158
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A61K9/0056
HUMAN NECESSITIES
Y02P60/87
GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
International classification
A61K9/00
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A23K20/158
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A61K47/46
HUMAN NECESSITIES
Abstract
The present invention is directed to a forage-based Pill and Paste Carrier for feeding to horses, donkeys, livestock and pets. More particularly, the Pill and Paste Carrier is formed into a hollow cylinder or disk shape, and can accept and hold a pill, a semi-solid or a liquid, or be filled with a paste. Provided is a method for making a Pill and Paste Carrier by formulation of a forage-based mixture, including a binder and a flavor enhancing substance, as well as any additive to promote animal health, then pressing and drying the formed hollow cylinder or disk and optionally filling with a formulated paste. Further provided is a method of administering medications to healthy animals or animals with acute or chronic health issues, who often make this process very difficult.
Claims
1. A method of making a pill and paste carrier for introduce beneficial health agents, comprising the steps of: (a) formulating a forage-based mixture containing a binder compound, a flavor enhancing compound and forage; (b) mixing said forage-based mixture containing a binder compound, a flavor enhancing compound and forage; (c) adding said forage-based mixture to a press mold; (d) applying pressure to said mixture added to said press mold to result in a press molded form; (e) ejecting the resulting press molded forage-based mixture press molded form from the press mold; (f) dehydrating the ejected press molded form; and (g) filling said press molded form with a beneficial health agent or medication comprising a medication pill or medication paste or a nutritional supplement pill or paste; wherein said press molded form filled with a medication pill or medication paste or a nutritional supplement pill or paste, and thereby said press molded form facilitates the consumption of said medications and said supplements by livestock, horses, pets and companion animals.
2. The method for making a pill and paste carrier used to introduce beneficial health agents according to claim 1, wherein said press molded form includes a hollow cylinder shaped form.
3. The method for making a pill and paste carrier used to introduce beneficial health agents according to claim 1, wherein said press molded form includes a disk shaped form.
4. The method for making a pill and paste carrier used to introduce beneficial health agents according to claim 2, wherein said press molded hollow cylinder shaped form further includes a non-medicated paste added therein, to enable the insertion of a medication pill to facilitate the consumption of said medication pill by livestock, horses, pets and companion animals.
5. The method for making a pill and paste carrier used to introduce beneficial health agents according to claim 1, wherein said forage-based mixture containing a binder compound, a flavor enhancing compound and forage, includes a legume as the forage.
6. The method for making a pill and paste carrier used to introduce beneficial health agents according to claim 1, wherein said forage-based mixture containing a binder compound, a flavor enhancing compound and forage, includes a grass as the forage.
7. The method for making a pill and paste carrier used to introduce beneficial health agents according to claim 5, wherein said forage includes a legume and said legume is alfalfa.
8. The method for making a pill and paste carrier used to introduce beneficial health agents according to claim 1, wherein said press mold includes a press table, a pneumatically driven press, a pneumatically driven plunger ejector, a rotatable press mold wheel and a foot activated peddle actuator.
9. The method for making a pill and paste carrier used to introduce beneficial health agents according to claim 8, wherein said rotatable press mold includes four or more mold cavities shaped to form hollow cylinder cup shaped pill and paste carriers.
10. The method for making a pill and paste carrier used to introduce beneficial health agents according to claim 1, wherein said rotatable press mold includes four or more mold cavities shaped to form disk shaped pill and paste carriers.
11. The method for making a pill and paste carrier used to introduce beneficial health agents according to claim 1, wherein said formulating a forage-based mixture containing a binder compound includes molasses as the binder.
12. The method for making a pill and paste carrier used to introduce beneficial health agents according to claim 1, wherein said formulating a forage-based mixture containing a flavor enhancing compound includes fenugreek as the flavor enhancing compound.
13. The method for making a pill and paste carrier used to introduce beneficial health agents according to claim 3, wherein said disk shaped form pill and paste carrier is infused with the pre-biotic psyllium.
14. The method for making a pill and paste carrier used to introduce beneficial health agents according to claim 4, wherein said paste added to said hollow cylinder cup shaped form includes a pill, liquid medication, powder medication and health benefiting supplement.
15. The method for making a pill and paste carrier used to introduce beneficial health agents according to claim 4, wherein said paste added to said hollow cylinder cup shaped form includes cranberry.
16. The method for making a pill and paste carrier used to introduce beneficial health agents according to claim 4, wherein said paste added to said hollow cylinder cup shaped form includes safflower oil.
17. A method for administering compounds medications and nutritional supplements to an animal, comprising the steps of: (a) formulating a forage-based mixture containing a binder compound, a flavor enhancing compound and forage; (b) mixing said forage-based mixture containing a binder compound, a flavor enhancing compound and forage; (c) pressing said mixture into a hollow cylinder cup shaped form; (d) adding a non-medicated paste containing a palatable flavor enhancing substance; (e) feeding said non-medicated paste filled form to an animal on a regular routine basis, for the purpose of getting the animal used to consuming said non-medicated paste filled form on a regular routine; (f) adding a compound medication pill, a medication paste or a nutritional supplement to the non-medicated paste, thereby forming a medicated paste; and (g) feeding the animal the hollow cylinder cup shaped form including said medicated paste containing the compound medication pill, medication paste or nutritional supplement; wherein said animal regularly and routinely fed the hollow cylinder cup shaped non-medicated paste filled form will readily uptake the hollow cylinder cup shaped medicated paste filled form which has the compound medication or nutritional supplement added, thereby facilitating the introduction by consumption of a compound medication or nutritional supplement to the animal.
18. A method for administering medications and nutritional supplements to an animal according to claim 17, wherein said forage-based mixture is pressed into a disk shape form.
19. A method for administering medications and nutritional supplements to an animal according to claim 17, wherein said added paste includes cranberries, molasses and safflower oil.
20. A method for administering medications and nutritional supplements to an animal according to claim 18, wherein said disk shaped form is infused with psyllium.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
(1) The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the Pill and Paste Carrier and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.
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(22) For a fuller understanding of the nature and advantages of the Pill and Paste Carrier, reference should be had to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the design and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
(23) Referring now to the drawings, wherein similar parts of the Pill and Paste Carrier 10 are identified by like reference numerals, there is seen in
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Example 1Preferred Carrier Formulations
(43) The following are examples of preferred Pill and Paste Carrier Formulations by volume:
(44) Top Preferred Formulation #1
(45) TABLE-US-00001 High Grade Alfalfa 2.5 lbs. 30 Cups Beet Pulp cup Fenugreek Powder Cup Water 9 Cups Flour 5 Cups Dehydrate 120 degrees F. for 14 hrs.
(46) Preferred Formulation #2
(47) TABLE-US-00002 High Grade Alfalfa 2.5 lbs. 30 Cups Beet Pulp cup Long and Lush Cup Water 8 Cups Flour 5 Cups Dehydrate 120 degrees F. for 14 hrs.
(48) Preferred Formulation #3
(49) TABLE-US-00003 High Grade Alfalfa 2.5 lbs. 30 Cups Beet Pulp cup Long and Lush Cup Water 8 Cups Flour 5 Cups Dehydrate 120 degrees F. for 14 hrs.
(50) Preferred Formulation #4
(51) TABLE-US-00004 High Grade Alfalfa 2.5 lbs. 30 Cups Beet Pulp cup Long and Lush 1 Cup Water 8 Cups Flour 4 Cups Dehydrate 115 degrees F. for 10 hrs.
(52) Preferred Formulation #5
(53) TABLE-US-00005 High Grade Alfalfa 2.5 lbs. 30 Cups Beet Pulp cup Long and Lush 1 Cup Water 8 Cups Flour 4 Cups Dehydrate 115 degrees F. for 10 hrs.
(54) Preferred Reformulation #6
(55) TABLE-US-00006 High Grade Alfalfa 1 lb. 12 cups Beet Pulp cup Long and Lush cup 1 bottle of water (16.9 oz.) Flour 1 cup Dehydrate 115 degrees F. for 10 hrs.
(56) Preferred Reformulation #7
(57) TABLE-US-00007 High Grade Alfalfa 2.5 lbs. 30 Cups Beet Pulp cup Long and Lush 1 Cup Water 8 Cups Flour 4 Cups Dehydrate 115 degrees F. for 10 hrs.
(58) Preferred Reformulation #8
(59) TABLE-US-00008 High Grade Alfalfa 2 lbs. 24 cups Beet Pulp lbs. 2% Finished Bentonite 2 oz. Long and Lush 2 oz. Dehydrate 105 degrees F. for 10 hrs.
(60) Preferred Reformulation #9
(61) TABLE-US-00009 High Grade Alfalfa 2 lbs. 24 cups Molasses 1 Cup 2% Finished Beet Pulp lbs. Bentonite 1 Cup Long and Lush 2 oz. 5 cups of water Dehydrate 105 degrees F. for 10 hrs.
(62) Preferred Reformulation #10
(63) TABLE-US-00010 High Grade Alfalfa 1 lb. 12 cups (Brown Arbocel RP 80) Beet Pulp cup Long and Lush 2 oz. 1 bottle of water (16.9 oz.) Premixed Cellulose Dehydrate 105 degrees F. for 14 hrs.
(64) Preferred Reformulation #11
(65) TABLE-US-00011 High Grade Alfalfa 1 lb. 12 cups Beet Pulp cup Long and Lush 2 oz. 1 bottle of water (16.9 oz.) 2 Cups Premixed Cellulose(White Arbocel BWW 40) 5 oz. molasses Dehydrate 105 degrees F. for 14 hrs.
(66) Preferred Reformulation #12
(67) TABLE-US-00012 High Grade Alfalfa 1 lb. 12 cups Beet Pulp cup Fenugreek Powder 2 tablespoons 1 bottle of water (16.9 oz.) Premixed Cellulose (Brown Arbocel RP 80) 3 TBS Flour 2 Cups Dehydrate 115 degrees F. for 10 hrs.
(68) Preferred Reformulation #13
(69) TABLE-US-00013 High Grade Alfalfa 1 lb. 12 cups Beet Pulp cup Long and Lush 2 tablespoons 1 bottle of water (16.9 oz.) Premixed Cellulose (Brown Arbocel RP 80) 3 TBS Flour 2 Cups Molasses cup Water 1 Cup Dehydrate 115 degrees F. for 10 hrs.
(70) Preferred Reformulation #14
(71) TABLE-US-00014 High Grade Alfalfa 1 lb. 12 cups Beet Pulp cup Long and Lush 2 tablespoons 1 bottle of water (16.9 oz.) Premixed Cellulose (Brown Arbocel RP 80) 3 TBS Molasses cup Water 1 Cup Dehydrate 115 degrees F. for 10 hrs.
(72) Preferred Reformulation #15
(73) TABLE-US-00015 High Grade Alfalfa 1 lb. 12 cups Beet Pulp cup Long and Lush 2 tablespoons 1 bottle of water (16.9 oz.) Premixed Cellulose (Brown Arbocel RP 80) 0 Flour 2 Cups Molasses cup Water 1 Cup Dehydrate 115 degrees F. for 10 hrs.
(74) Preferred Reformulation #16
(75) TABLE-US-00016 High Grade Alfalfa 1 lb. 12 cups Beet Pulp cup Long and Lash 2 tablespoons 1 bottle of water (16.9 oz.) Flour 1 cup Very dry - 0% moisture Molasses cup Lighter with less flour. Dehydrate 115 degrees F. for 10 hrs.
(76) Preferred Reformulation #17
(77) TABLE-US-00017 High Grade Alfalfa 1 lb. 12 cups Beet Pulp cup Long and Lush 4 tablespoons 1 bottle of water (16.9 oz.) Flour 1 cup Dehydrate 115 degrees F. for 10 hrs.
(78) Preferred Reformulation #18
(79) TABLE-US-00018 High Grade Alfalfa 1 lb. 12 cups Beet Pulp cup Long and Lush cup 1 bottle of water (16.9 oz.) Flour 1 cup Dehydrate 115 degrees F. for 10 hrs.
(80) Preferred Reformulation #19 (Immune Booster)
(81) TABLE-US-00019 High Grade Alfalfa 2.5 lbs. 30 Cups Beet Pulp cup Fenugreek Powder Cup Immune Support 1 cup Water 9 Cups Flour 5 Cups Dehydrate 120 degrees F. for 14 hrs.
(82) Preferred Reformulation #20
(83) TABLE-US-00020 10 lb. High Grade Alfalfa 8 lbs. less than 1% Moisture Beet Pulp 2 lbs. 105 @ 14 Hrs. Long and Lush 1 oz. 2 Tablespoons Zeolite 7 oz. 14 tablespoons Water 7 cups Canola Oil 1 cup Dehydrate 105 degrees F. for 14 hrs.
(84) Preferred Reformulation #21
(85) TABLE-US-00021 High Grade Alfalfa 8 lbs. Beet Pulp 2 lbs. Long and Lush 1 oz. 2 Tablespoons Zeolite 3 oz. 6 tablespoons Water 7 cups Canola Oil 1 cup Dehydrate 105 degrees F. for 14 hrs.
(86) Preferred Reformulation #22
(87) TABLE-US-00022 High Grade Alfalfa 4 lbs. Beet Pulp 1 lbs. Long and Lush 1 oz. 2 Tablespoons Zeolite 3 oz. 6 tablespoons Water 4 cups Molasses cup Dehydrate 100 degrees F. for 10 hrs.
(88) Preferred Reformulation #23
(89) TABLE-US-00023 15% Mixture Alfalfa 2 lbs. 24 cups 4% Finished Beet Pulp lbs. Long and Lush 1 oz. Pectin 8 tablespoons mixed with 4 cups of water Ball Pectin Dehydrate 105 degrees F. for 10 hrs
(90) Preferred Reformulation #24
(91) TABLE-US-00024 High Grade Alfalfa 2 lbs. 24 cups Beet Pulp lbs. Flour lb. Long and Lust 2 oz. Pectin 4.7 oz. mixed with 5 cups of water Ball Pectin
(92) Preferred Reformulation #25
(93) TABLE-US-00025 High Grade Alfalfa 8 lbs. less than 1% Moisture Beet Pulp 2 lbs. Long and Lush 1 oz. 2 Tablespoons Zeolite 14 Oz. 28 tablespoons Water 7 cups Canola Oil 1 cup Dehydrate 105 degrees F. for 14 hrs.
Example 2Pill and Paste Carrier Formulations
(94) The following are examples of preferred Pill and Paste Carrier Formulations by percentage:
(95) Preferred Pill and Paste Carrier Formulation
(96) TABLE-US-00026 Ingredient % Ground Alfalfa-17% Pro or more 44.4% White Wheat Flour 17.8% Ground Molassified COB* 12.4% Water added to COB 6.2% Safflower Oil (or Canola Oil) 1.8% Ground Beet Pulp 7.1% Water added to beet pulp 7.1% Sea Salt 1.8% Long & Lush Flavoring 0.4% Fenugreek 0.9% TOTAL 100.0% *COB is a dry COB and not Molassified
(97) Mix the above thoroughly, then add water while mixing to achieve desired consistency.
Example 3Paste Formulations
(98) The following are examples of preferred Pill and Paste Carrier Paste Formulations by volume:
(99) Preferred Paste Formulation #1
(100) TABLE-US-00027 Cranberries 5 Cups Molasses Cup Safflower Oil 2 Cup
(101) Preferred Paste Formulation #2
(102) TABLE-US-00028 Cranberries 5 Cups Molasses Cup Safflower Oil 1 Cup
(103) Preferred Paste Formulation #3
(104) TABLE-US-00029 Cranberries 5 Cups Molasses Cup Safflower Oil 2 Cup
(105) Preferred Paste Formulation #4
(106) TABLE-US-00030 Cranberries 4 Cups Molasses Cup Safflower Oil 1 Cup
(107) With the preferred formulations the following pills, agents or liquids can be delivered using the hollow cylinder style Pill and Paste Carrier 12, or the disk style Pill and Paste Carrier 16: medications of all kinds, probiotics, pre-biotics, psyllium, anti-diuretics, biotin, anti-oxidants, antibiotics, electrolytes, omega-3, DHA and EPA, bone health agents, hoof and coat health agents, fly and pest supplements, vitamins and minerals, digestive health agents, joint health agents, feed supplements, CBD (cannabidiol), herbs, hemp, over-the-counter sedatives, and peanut butter paste, to name a few. Being able to have your pet, livestock, horse, or donkey take these medicines and agents will have a significant bodily effect on the animal and the health and wellness of the animal will be greatly enhanced.
Example 4Psyllium Infusion
(108) The following is an example of infusing a health agent into the Pill and Paste Carrier Paste formulations: psyllium. Psyllium is a form of fiber made from the husks of the Plantago ovata plant's seeds. It sometimes goes by the name ispaghula. It's most commonly known as a laxative. However, research shows that taking psyllium is beneficial to many parts of the human or animal body, including the heart and the pancreas. Psyllium is a bulk-forming laxative. This means it soaks up water in your gut and makes bowel movements much easier. It also helps promote regularity without increasing flatulence. It can be used as a one-off to ease constipation, or it can be added to your diet to help promote regularity and overall digestive health. People with irritable bowel syndrome and Crohn's disease are all too familiar with the banes of the bathroom. The results of studies on psyllium's effectiveness in treating these conditions are still mixed. Psyllium is a prebiotica substance needed for healthy colonies of probiotics to grow in the gut. A healthy colony of good bacteria in the digestive system is essential for healthy immune function. Your body is better able to tight infection, reduce inflammation, and maintain healthy tissue and cells.
(109) Some research has shown that consuming 7.9 grams of psyllium per day (plus or minus 3.6 grams) with probiotics is a safe and effective way to treat Crohn's disease. However, other results show soluble fiber like psyllium can make symptoms worse for some people. Besides keeping your bowel movements regular and managing a chronic condition, psyllium has the ability to soften your stool. This can come in handy with short-term ailments, such as constipation. Used in this way, it can prevent complications of constipation, such as hemorrhoids and anal fissures. Preliminary research shows that psyllium may help with the painful symptoms associated with these conditions. Since there is no real scientific consensus, talk to your doctor to see if psyllium could help you.
(110) The benefits to horses and other livestock is that psyllium can help clear sand from digestive system. Livestock and horses that ground graze or are fed on the ground in the western United States are most effected. This is most relevant in areas and geographies where animals are fed on the ground where sand is prevalent, such as Southern California, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, etc. When the Pill and Paste Carrier of the present invention is infused with psyllium, feeding this aids in digestive function for those horses and livestock fed on the ground in the above mentioned areas, and any sandy soil areas throughout the world. In this way, the uptake of psyllium in the Pill and Paste Carrier aids in digestion, clears sand, and has an overall beneficial effect on the animal's body and health.
Example 5Various Medications, Nutritional Agents and Health Benefiting Supplements
(111) By way of example, it is anticipated that the Pill and Paste Carrier of the present invention can be used to deliver numerous varying doses of nutritional agents as well as differing health benefitting supplements. Some of the anticipated uses, along with informational websites, are as follows:
(112) Cannabidiol also known as CBD1000% hemp based added to paste or form. CBD is known for anti-inflammatory and anti-anxiety properties. It is frequently used in animal products and treats. See: https://www.wbir.com/article/news/local/treats-with-cbd-oil-a-hit-with-owners-of-anxious-pets/51-589714818
(113) Antibiotic or fortification delivery for emaciated animals through being mixed in paste. Benefit to the body through effective drug delivery of less palatable medications. See: https://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/31/health/antibiotics-can-save-lives-of-severely-malnourished-children-studies-find.html
(114) Oral agent delivery system for flea and tick oral medication to an animal. Benefits include animal becoming flea or tick free. See: https://www.americanveterinarian.com/news/product-news-new-flea-and-tick-preventive-granted-fda-approval
(115) Omega 3 and Omega 6 added to paste for skin, coat and heart health. See: https://thehorse.com/110549/improving-dry-equine-skin-and-coats-with-nutrition/
(116) Biotin for hoof and hair/coat health mixed into paste or form. Biotin is used in human and animal populations for hoof, skin and coat health. See: https://thehorse.com/19448/horse-hoof-health-and-nutrition-balance-is-key/
(117) Electrolytes and salt mixed into paste or form. Benefit is replacing minerals that are lost during physical activity. See: https://equimanagement.com/news/top-five-horse-management-tips-during-heat-and-humidity
(118) Chondroitin sulfate and Glucosamine mixed into paste for joint health and to support aging. See: https://www.farmforum.net/farm_forum/caring-for-your-senior-horse/article_416b6a42-35f4-53c4-b0b5-f814803f79a6.html
(119) Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) added into paste or form. CLA is in research as having potential benefits towards inflammation reduction and decreasing plasma arachidonic acid. See: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22829604, https://thehorse.com/160534/can-a-supplement-help-delay-arthritis-onset-in-young-horses/
(120) Oral cancer medication mixed into paste, delivery of oral suspension medication. See: https://www.wedgewoodpetrx.com/items/othercancer/chlorambucil-prednisone-oral-oil-suspension.html?no_redirect=true
(121) Dental gel delivery through mixing dental oral cleansing gels into paste. Oral cleansing gel is used for cleaner and freshener in the pet/livestock market. See: https://addisonlabs.com/product/maxiguard-oral-cleansing-gel/
(122) Fiber delivery cellulose/psyllium mixed into form for fiber delivery. Fiber additions to diet is often used for gastrointestinal health needs. See: http://www.kadampsyllium.com/d-husk-seed.html
(123) Essential micro and macro minerals, vitamins and amino acid delivery through form or paste. Benefit to assure uptake of essential vitamins and minerals. See: https://www.smartpakequine.com/horse-multivitamin-supplements-13pc
(124) Antihistamine delivery through mix in through form or paste. Benefit reduction in allergies. See: https://horsesidevetguide.com/drv/Treatment/49/antihistamines-injectable-or-oral/
(125) The Pill and Paste Carrier 10 in a hollow cylinder style embodiment 12 and a disk style embodiment 16, shown in the drawings and described in detail herein disclose arrangements of elements of particular recipe, fabrication processes and configuration for illustrating preferred embodiments of structure and method of design of the present application. It is to be understood, however, that elements of different construction and configuration and other arrangements thereof, other than those illustrated and described may be employed for providing a Pill and Paste Carrier 10 in a hollow cylinder style embodiment 12 and a disk style embodiment 16, in accordance with the spirit of this disclosure, and such changes, alternations and modifications as would occur to those skilled in the art are considered to be within the scope of this design as broadly defined in the appended claims.
(126) While certain embodiments of the inventions have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of example only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. Indeed, the novel methods and systems described herein may be embodied in a variety of other forms. Furthermore, various omissions, substitutions and changes in the systems and methods described herein may be made without departing from the spirit of the disclosure. For example, one portion of one of the embodiments described herein can be substituted for another portion in another embodiment described herein. The accompanying claims and their equivalents are intended to cover such forms or modifications as would fall within the scope and spirit of the disclosure. Accordingly, the scope of the present inventions is defined only by reference to the appended claims.
(127) Features, materials, characteristics, or groups described in conjunction with a particular aspect, embodiment, or example are to be understood to be applicable to any other aspect, embodiment or example described in this section or elsewhere in this specification unless incompatible therewith. All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and/or all of the steps of any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or steps are mutually exclusive. The protection is not restricted to the details of any foregoing embodiments. The protection extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), or to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of any method or process so disclosed.
(128) Furthermore, certain features that are described in this disclosure in the context of separate implementations can also be implemented in combination in a single implementation. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single implementation can also be implemented in multiple implementations separately or in any suitable subcombination. Moreover, although features may be described above as acting in certain combinations, one or more features from a claimed combination can, in some cases, be excised from the combination, and the combination may be claimed as a subcombination or variation of a subcombination.
(129) Moreover, while operations may be depicted in the drawings or described in the specification in a particular order, such operations need not be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. Other operations that are not depicted or described can be incorporated in the example methods and processes. For example, one or more additional operations can be performed before, after, simultaneously, or between any of the described operations. Further, the operations may be rearranged or reordered in other implementations. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that in some embodiments, the actual steps taken in the processes illustrated and/or disclosed may differ from those shown in the figures. Depending on the embodiment, certain of the steps described above may be removed, others may be added. Furthermore, the features and attributes of the specific embodiments disclosed above may be combined in different ways to form additional embodiments, all of which fall within the scope of the present disclosure. Also, the separation of various system components in the implementations described above should not be understood as requiring such separation in all implementations, and it should be understood that the described components and systems can generally be integrated together in a single product or packaged into multiple products.
(130) For purposes of this disclosure, certain aspects, advantages, and novel features are described herein. Not necessarily all such advantages may be achieved in accordance with any particular embodiment. Thus, for example, those skilled in the an will recognize that the disclosure may be embodied or carried out in a manner that achieves one advantage or a group of advantages as taught herein without necessarily achieving other advantages as may be taught or suggested herein.
(131) Conditional language, such as can, could, might, or may, unless specifically stated otherwise, or otherwise understood within the context as used, is generally intended to convey that certain embodiments include, while other embodiments do not include, certain features, elements, and/or steps. Thus, such conditional language is not generally intended to imply that features, elements, and/or steps are in any way required for one or more embodiments or that one or more embodiments necessarily include logic for deciding, with or without user input or prompting, whether these features, elements, and/or steps are included or are to be performed in any particular embodiment.
(132) Conjunctive language such as the phrase at least one of X, Y, and Z, unless specifically stated otherwise, is otherwise understood with the context as used in general to convey that an item, term, etc. may be either X, Y, or Z. Thus, such conjunctive language is not generally intended to imply that certain embodiments require the presence of at least one of X, at least one of Y, and at least one of Z.
(133) Language of degree used herein, such as the terms approximately, about, generally, and substantially as used herein represent a value, amount, or characteristic close to the stated value, amount, or characteristic that still performs a desired function or achieves a desired result. For example, the terms approximately, about, generally, and substantially may refer to an amount that is within less than 10% of, within less than 5% of, within less than 1% of, within less than 0.1% of, and within less than 0.01% of the stated amount. As another example, in certain embodiments, the terms generally parallel and substantially parallel refer to a value, amount, or characteristic that departs from exactly parallel by less than or equal to 15 degrees, 10 degrees, 5 degrees, 3 degrees, 1 degree, or 0.1 degree.
(134) The scope of the present disclosure is not intended to be limited by the specific disclosures of preferred embodiments in this section or elsewhere in this specification, and may be defined by claims as presented in this section or elsewhere in this specification or as presented in the future. The language of the claims is to be interpreted broadly based on the language employed in the claims and not limited to the examples described in the present specification or during the prosecution of the application, which examples are to be construed as non-exclusive.
(135) Further, the purpose of the foregoing abstract is to enable the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and the public generally, and especially the scientists, engineers and practitioners in the art who are not familiar with patent or legal terms or phraseology, to determine quickly from a cursory inspection the nature and essence of the technical disclosure of the application. The abstract is neither intended to define the invention of the application, which is measured by the claims, nor is it intended to be limiting as to the scope of the invention in any way.