Foldable arm mechanism for rotary wing aircraft

Abstract

A folding device is disclosed for a rotary wing aircraft. The foldable device includes a plurality of pivots mounting a plurality of arms supporting driven propellers of the rotary wing aircraft. A projection and a detent resiliently cooperate for securing each of the plurality of arms in desired orientations relative to the rotary wing aircraft and for enabling each of the plurality of arms to rotate about the pivot into a folded position.

Claims

1. A folding device for an aircraft, comprising: an aircraft frame having a horizontal surface; a frame pivot aperture defined in said horizontal surface of said aircraft frame; an arm extending between an inner end and an outer end; an arm pivot aperture located in said inner end of said arm; said outer end of said arm adapted to mount a driven propeller; a pivot extending through said frame pivot aperture and said arm pivot aperture for pivotably mounting said arm to said aircraft frame; a projection extending from one of said aircraft frame and said arm; a detent located on the other of said aircraft frame and said arm; a resilient mounting for mounting one of said detent and said projection for enabling said projection to resiliently engage said detent for securing said arm in a desired orientation relative to said aircraft frame and for enabling said arm to rotate about said pivot into a folded position upon intentional folding for transportation or storage or folded as a result of an undesired collision or landing of the rotary wing aircraft; said horizontal surface of said aircraft frame defining a frame support extending from a proximal end to a distal end; and said projection extends from said distal end of said frame support.

2. A folding device as set forth in claim 1, wherein said projection extends from said aircraft frame and said detent is defined in said arm.

3. A folding device for an aircraft, comprising: an aircraft frame having a horizontal surface; a frame pivot aperture defined in said horizontal surface of said aircraft frame; an arm extending between an inner end and an outer end; an arm pivot aperture located in said inner end of said arm; said outer end of said arm adapted to mount a driven propeller; a pivot extending through said frame pivot aperture and said arm pivot aperture for pivotably mounting said arm to said aircraft frame; a projection extending from one of said aircraft frame and said arm; a detent located on the other of said aircraft frame and said arm; a resilient mounting for mounting one of said detent and said projection for enabling said projection to resiliently engage said detent for securing said arm in a desired orientation relative to said aircraft frame and for enabling said arm to rotate about said pivot into a folded position; a U-shaped slot located in said horizontal surface of said aircraft frame defining a frame support extending from a proximal end to a distal end; and said distal end of said frame support made flexible for defining said resilient mounting.

4. A folding device as set forth in claim 3, wherein said frame support is integral with said aircraft frame as a one-piece unit.

5. A folding device as set forth in claim 1, wherein the frame is made of carbon fiber structure.

6. A folding device for an aircraft, comprising: an aircraft frame having a horizontal surface; a frame pivot aperture defined in said horizontal surface of said aircraft frame; an arm extending between an inner end and an outer end; an arm pivot aperture located in said inner end of said arm; said outer end of said arm adapted to mount a driven propeller; a pivot extending through said frame pivot aperture and said arm pivot aperture for pivotably mounting said arm to said aircraft frame; a projection extending from one of said aircraft frame and said arm; a detent located on the other of said aircraft frame and said arm; and a resilient mounting for mounting one of said detent and said projection for enabling said projection to resiliently engage said detent for securing said arm in a desired orientation relative to said aircraft frame and for enabling said arm to rotate about said pivot into a folded position upon intentional folding for transportation or storage or folded as a result of an undesired collision or landing of the rotary wing aircraft; a U-shaped slot located in said horizontal surface of said aircraft frame defining a frame support extending from a proximal end to a distal end; said U-shaped slot being formed from a material to establishes said distal end of said frame support for defining said resilient mounting; and said projection extending from said distal end of said frame support.

7. A folding device as set forth in claim 1, wherein said detent is defined in said inner end of said arm; and an arcuate recess disposed adjacent to said detent for facilitating rotation of said arm about said pivot.

8. A folding device as set forth in claim 1, wherein said detent is defined in said inner end of said arm; and a first and a second arcuate recess disposed on opposed sides of said detent for facilitating rotation of said arm about said pivot.

9. A folding device as set forth in claim 1, including a detent plate for defining said detent.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) For a fuller understanding of the nature and objects of the invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:

(2) FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a rotary wing aircraft incorporating the present invention;

(3) FIG. 2 is a side view of the rotary wing aircraft of FIG. 1;

(4) FIG. 3 is a view along line 3-3 in FIG. 2;

(5) FIG. 4 is an enlarged top view of an encircled portion of FIG. 3 with an arm shown in phantom;

(6) FIG. 5 is a sectional view along line 5-5 in FIG. 4;

(7) FIG. 6 is a sectional view along line 6-6 in FIG. 4;

(8) FIG. 7 is an enlarged top view of the encircled portion of FIG. 3 illustrating the arm shown in FIG. 4;

(9) FIG. 8 is a sectional view along line 8-8 in FIG. 7;

(10) FIG. 9 is a top view of a first side of a detent plate;

(11) FIG. 10 is a bottom view of a second side of a detent plate;

(12) FIG. 11 is a side sectional view along line 11-11 in FIG. 9;

(13) FIG. 12 is a top view of plural detent plates secured to the inner end of the arm of FIG. 7;

(14) FIG. 13 is a sectional view along line 13-13 in FIG. 12;

(15) FIG. 14 is an exploded view of FIG. 13;

(16) FIG. 15 is a top view of the rotary wing aircraft similar to FIG. 3 with the arms moved from the normal orientation;

(17) FIG. 16 is a view along line 16-16 in FIG. 3;

(18) FIG. 17 is a view along line 17-17 in FIG. 3; and

(19) FIG. 18 is a view along line 18-18 in FIG. 15.

(20) Similar numbers relate to similar parts throughout the several Figures of the drawings.

DETAILED DISCUSSION

(21) FIGS. 1-3 illustrate a rotary wing aircraft 5 incorporating the present invention. The rotary wing aircraft 5 is shown as an unmanned rotary wing aircraft but it should be understood that the present invention is applicable to other types of aircraft.

(22) The rotary wing aircraft 5 comprises a frame 10 extending between a first and a second end 11 and 12 bounded by a first and a second edge 13 and 14.

(23) The frame comprises a power frame 20 shown as a bottom frame 20 and a carrier frame 30 shown as a top frame. Although the power frame 20 has been shown as a bottom frame and the carrier frame 30 has been shown as a top frame, the arrangement may be reversed with the carrier. A plurality of resilient couplers 40 interconnect the power frame 20 to the carrier frame 30. The plurality of resilient couplers 40 isolate the power frame 20 from the carrier frame 30. The power frame 20 defines an upper power frame surface 21 and a lower power frame surface 22. Preferably, the power frame 20 is formed from a carbon fiber material.

(24) The plurality of arms 50 shown as arms 51-54 extend from the power frame 20 in a pattern commonly referred to as an H frame pattern. Each of the plurality of arms 51-54 are connected to the power frame 20.

(25) Each of the plurality of arms 50 extend between an inner end 51A-54A and outer end 51B-54B. The inner end 51A-54A of the plurality of arms 51-54 define pivot aperture 51C-54C. The pivot aperture 51C-54C of the plurality of arms 51-54 are in registry with frame pivot apertures 61-64, Pivots 65-68 extend through the pivot aperture 51C-54C and the frame pivot apertures 61-64 for pivotably mounting the plurality of arms 51-54 to the frame 10.

(26) The outer ends outer end 51B-54B of the plurality of arms 50 support a plurality of electric motors 71-74 for driving a plurality of rotary blades 75-78. The plurality of electric motors 71-74 are individually controlled through electrical conductors (not shown) as should be well known to those skilled in the art.

(27) Preferably, flight electronic components (not shown) enabling remote flight are mounted between the power frame 20 and the carrier frame 30. The flight electronics components may include an electronic flight control and transceiver and an optional GPS system as well as a battery for powering the aforementioned electronics. Typically, a flight camera is mounted to the carrier frame 30 for showing the actual flight direction and attitude of the rotary wing aircraft 5. The flight camera enables an operator to visually determine the flight direction and attitude to remotely fly the rotary wing aircraft 5.

(28) FIG. 4 is an enlarged top view of an encircled portion of FIG. 3 with the arm 52 shown in phantom. The present invention comprises a folding device 100 for enabling the plurality of arms 51-54 to rotate about the pivots 65-68 into folded positions. A projection 110 extends from one of the aircraft frame 10 and the arm 52. A detent 120 is located on the other of the aircraft frame 10 and the arm 52. A resilient mounting 130 mounts one of the projections 110 and the detent 120 for enabling the projection 110 to resiliently engage the detent 120 for securing the arm 52 in a desired orientation relative to the aircraft frame 5 and for enabling the arm 52 to rotate about the pivot 66 into a folded position.

(29) FIGS. 5 and 6 are sectional views of FIG. 4 illustrating a U-shaped slot 140 in the aircraft power frame 20. The U-shaped slot 140 located in the horizontal surfaces 21 and 22 of the aircraft frame 20. The U-shaped slot 140 defines a frame support 143 extending from a proximal end 141 to a distal end 142. The distal end 142 of the frame support 143 is flexible for defining the resilient mounting 130. Preferably, the frame support 143 is integral with the aircraft frame 20 as a one-piece unit. In one example, the U-shaped slot 140 is sized concurrently with the material selected for the aircraft frame 20 to establish the distal end 142 of the frame support 143 for defining the resilient mounting 130. The projection 110 extends from the distal end 142 of the frame support 143. Preferably, the projection 110 is formed from a resilient polymeric material secured to the distal end 142 of the frame support 143. In the example, the projection 110 is resiliently secured to the distal end 142 of the frame support 143.

(30) FIGS. 7 and 8 are enlarged views of the encircled portion of FIG. 3 illustrating the arm 52 shown in FIG. 4. The second arm pivot aperture 52C is defined in the inner end 51 of the second arm 52. An index aperture 52D extends through the inner end 51 of the second arm 52.

(31) FIGS. 9-11 are various views of a detent plate 150 defining a first side 151 and a second side 152 of a detent plate 150. The detent plate 150 cooperates with the inner end 52A of the arm 52 to provide the detent 120 of the present invention.

(32) FIG. 9 is a top view of a first side 151 of a detent plate 150 illustrating a detent plate boss 153 with a centrally disposed detent plate aperture 154.

(33) FIG. 10 is a bottom view of a second side 152 of a detent plate 150 illustrating a detent plate boss 153 with a centrally disposed detent plate aperture 154. The detent plate boss 153 is received within the second arm pivot aperture 52C of the second arm 52.

(34) FIG. 11 is a side sectional view along line 11-11 in FIG. 9. An index finger 155 extends from the second side 152 of the detent plate 150 for engaging with the index aperture 52D of the inner end 52A of the arm 52. A peripheral rim 156 extends from the second side 152 of the detent plate 150 for engaging with the edges of the inner end 52A of the arm 52.

(35) The first side 151 of the detent plate 150 illustrates arcuate recesses 161 and 162 located on opposed side of the detent 120. The arcuate recesses 161 and 162 cooperate with the projection 110 to facilitate rotation of the arm 52 after the projection 110 is moved from the detent 120. An arcuate bearing 164 extends from the first side 151 of the detent plate 150. The detent plate boss 153 and the arcuate bearing 164 provide surfaces for rotational engagement with the frame 20.

(36) FIGS. 12-14 are various views of a detent plate 150 secured to the inner end 52A of the arm 52 of FIG. 7. In this example, plural detent plates 150 and 150 are secured to oppose sides of the inner end 52A of the arm 52 of FIG. 7. The plural detent plates 150 rotatably engage with the upper power frame surface 21 and the lower power frame surface 22. Specifically, the detent plate bosses 153 and 153 along with the arcuate bearings 164 and 164 provide surfaces for rotational engagement with the upper power frame surface 21 and the lower power frame surface 22.

(37) FIG. 15 is a top view similar to FIG. 3 of the rotary wing aircraft 5 with the arms 51-54 moved from the normal operating position or orientation into a folded position or orientation. The folding of the arms 51-54 into the folded position may be the result of intentional folding to transport and store the rotary wing aircraft 5 or may be folded as a result of an undesired collision or undesired landing of the rotary wing aircraft 5.

(38) FIG. 16 is a view along line 16-16 in FIG. 3. The arm 54 is shown in the normal operating position. The projection 100 is retained resiliently within the detent 120 of the arm 54.

(39) FIG. 17 is a view along line 17-17 in FIG. 3. The arm 53 is shown in the normal operating position. The projection 100 is retained resiliently within the detent 120 of the arm 53.

(40) FIG. 16 is a view along line 18-18 in FIG. 15. The arm 53 is shown in clockwise folded position. The projection 100 has moved from the detent 120 and is located within the arcuate recess of the detent plate 150.

(41) Although the folding device 100 has been shown with reference to the second arm 52, it should be understood that all of the arms 51-54 incorporate the folding device 100. Furthermore, the folding device 100 has been shown with plural detent plates 150 and 150 as an example, but the fold device 100 may incorporate only a single projection 110 and single detent 120. In another example, the detent 120 may be formed directly into the arms 51-54 without the need of a detent plate 150.

(42) The present disclosure includes that contained in the appended claims as well as that of the foregoing description. Although this invention has been described in its preferred form with a certain degree of particularity, it is understood that the present disclosure of the preferred form has been made only by way of example and that numerous changes in the details of construction and the combination and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.