FUSE SYSTEM

Abstract

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fuse system for a projectile for a ranged weapon, the fuse system comprising: a pressure sensor system for sensing an air pressure of an environment in which the fuse system is present; a control system arranged to receive a signal from the pressure sensor system, and to at least initiate arming of the fuse system conditional on the received signal.

Claims

1. A fuse system for a projectile for a ranged weapon, the fuse system comprising: a pressure sensor system for sensing an air pressure of an environment in which the fuse system is present; and a control system arranged to receive a signal from the pressure sensor system, and to at least initiate arming of the fuse system conditional on the received signal.

2. The fuse system of claim 1, wherein the condition for arming the fuse system is when the sensed pressure, or the related signal received from the pressure sensor system, is at or above a threshold which at least implies that the projectile is in a launched or launching state.

3. The fuse system of claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor system is arranged to sense: a static air pressure of an environment in which the fuse system is present; and/or a dynamic air pressure of an environment in which the fuse system is present.

4. The fuse system of claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor system is arranged to sense a difference between a static pressure of an environment in which the fuse system is present and a dynamic air pressure of an environment in which the fuse system is present.

5. The fuse system of claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor system comprises a pitot-static system.

6. The fuse system of claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor system comprises a MEMS pressure sensor.

7. The fuse system of claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor system comprises one or more ports and/or conduits for facilitating fluid communication with an external environment in which the fuse system is present.

8. The fuse system of claim 1, wherein the control system is arranged to at least initiate arming of the fuse system based on two conditions being met, a first condition being based on the received signal from the pressure sensor system.

9. The fuse system of claim 8, wherein a second condition being based on a signal received from a setback sensor system.

10. The fuse system of claim 1, wherein the signal is an electrical signal.

11. The fuse system of claim 1, wherein the fuse system occupies a volume of less than or equal to 10 cm.sup.3, or less than or equal to 5 cm.sup.3.

12. The fuse system of claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor system occupies a volume of less than or equal to 5 cm.sup.3.

13. A projectile for a ranged weapon, the projectile comprising the fuse system of claim 1.

14. The projectile of claim 13, wherein the projectile is a mortar bomb.

15. A method of at least initiating arming of a fuse system of a projectile for a ranged weapon, the method comprising: detecting an air pressure of an environment in which the fuse system is present, using a pressure sensor system; and at least initiating arming of the fuse system conditional on a signal received from the pressure sensor system.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein detecting the air pressure of the environment in which the fuse system is present includes generating one or more electrical signals indicative of a difference between an air pressure internal to the projectile and an air pressure external to the projectile, and wherein arming of the fuse system is initiated in response to the difference between the internal and external air pressures exceeding a threshold.

17. The fuse system of claim 9, wherein the second condition for initiating arming of the fuse system is when the sensed setback, or the related signal received from the setback sensor system, is at or above a threshold which at least implies that the projectile is in a launched or launching state.

18. The fuse system of claim 1, wherein the fuse system occupies a volume of less than or equal to 5 cm.sup.3.

19. A fuse system for a projectile for a ranged weapon, the fuse system comprising: a pressure sensor system for generating one or more electrical signals indicative of a difference between an air pressure internal to the projectile and an air pressure external to the projectile; and a control system arranged to receive the one or more electrical signals from the pressure sensor system, and to at least initiate arming of the fuse system in response to the difference between the internal and external air pressures exceeding a threshold.

20. The fuse system of claim 19, wherein: the pressure sensor system comprises a pitot-static system, a MEMS pressure sensor, or one or more ports and/or conduits for facilitating fluid communication with an external environment in which the fuse system is present; the control system is arranged to at least initiate arming of the fuse system based on two conditions being met, a first condition being based on the received signal from the pressure sensor system, and a second condition being based on a signal received from a setback sensor system; and the fuse system occupies a volume of less than or equal to 10 cm.sup.3.

Description

[0026] For a better understanding of the invention, and to show how embodiments of the same may be carried into effect, reference will now be made, by way of example, to the accompanying diagrammatic Figures in which:

[0027] FIG. 1 schematically depicts a ranged weapon and an associated projectile for that weapon, in accordance with an example embodiment;

[0028] FIG. 2 schematically depicts the projectile of FIG. 1 and its fuse system, according to an example embodiment;

[0029] FIGS. 3 and 4 depict different example implementations of a fuse system according to example embodiments;

[0030] FIG. 5 schematically depicts operating principles associated with a fuse system according to example embodiments;

[0031] FIG. 6 depicts general apparatus principles associated with example embodiments of the present invention; and

[0032] FIG. 7 depicts general method principles associated with example embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] FIG. 1 schematically depicts a ranged weapon 2, that is, a weapon for use in firing a projectile over a distance. The ranged weapon 2 in FIG. 1 is loosely depicted as a mortar or mortar tube, but of course could take one of a number of different forms, for example a tank, artillery, self-propelled artillery, a gun battery, and so on. The projectile 4 will typically be launched (i.e. fired) along a barrel, tube, or bore of the weapon 2 before leaving the ranged weapon 2.

[0034] The ranged weapon 2 could be fixed in position. The ranged weapon 2 could be temporarily fixed in position. The ranged weapon 2 could be moveable.

[0035] After firing or launching, and having left the ranged weapon 2, the projectile 4 is completely un-propelled. This is in contrast with a missile or rocket or the like. In other words, after firing or launching, and before impact, the projectile 4 is generally subjected only substantially to forces of gravity and/or air resistance and similar. The projectile 4 is free from/does not comprise a propulsion system. The projectile 4 is not self-propelled.

[0036] As discussed above, the projectile 4 will generally or typically comprise a fuse system 6. The fuse system 6 will typically be used to initiate the detonation of, or detonate, an explosive substance or similar forming part of the projectile 4.

[0037] Also as discussed above, it is desirable to provide a fuse system which overcomes one or more disadvantages of the prior art, or at least provides a viable alternative to existing fuse systems. In accordance with the present invention, it has been realised that this can be achieved in a relatively simple, yet extremely powerful and flexible manner.

[0038] In accordance with an example embodiment, there is provided a fuse system for a projectile for a ranged weapon. The system comprises a pressure sensor system for sensing an air pressure of an environment in which the fuse system is present, and thus in which a projectile comprising the fuse system is present. Significantly, the fuse system comprises a control system arranged to receive a signal from the pressure sensor system, and which is arranged to at least initiate arming of the fuse system conditional on the received signal. At least initiate arming might comprise actual arming, or starting an arming process.

[0039] A key feature is that a signal from the pressure sensor system is used in the arming. That is, this is not a mechanical movement of a pin or lever or similar, but is signal-driven. The signal could be hydraulic, but would typically be electrical in nature (which includes electromagnetic), which might provide more flexibility and ease of use. The use of signals, as opposed to purely mechanical means, vastly increases the possible types and sensitivities of the pressure sensor systems that can be used, and how these pressure sensor systems can be used. Therefore, while perhaps only subtly different to the use of purely mechanical means, the advantages are numerous and significant.

[0040] FIG. 2 schematically depicts more detail of a fuse system 6 in accordance with an example embodiment. The projectile 4 is shown. Located substantially within the projectile 4 is the fuse system 6. In general terms, the fuse system 6 comprises a pressure sensor system 10 for sensing an air pressure of an environment 12 in which the fuse system 6 (and thus the projectile 4) is present. The pressure sensor system 10 is in connection with a control system 14, in a wired or wireless manner. The control system 14 might take the form of a suitable computing processor or similar. The control system 14 is arranged to receive a signal from the pressure sensor system 10, and then arranged to initiate arming of the fuse system 6 conditional on the received signal. Typically, this will in some way comprise or involve arming of a fuse 16 of the fuse system 6 that is in connection with the control system 14, in a wired or wireless manner. In some embodiments, the fuse 16 might form part of the control system 14.

[0041] As discussed in more detail below and as will be appreciated by the skilled person, the pressure sensor system 10 and related control system 14 can take one of a number of different forms. However, and in terms of the general functionality, the system 6 as a whole will be arranged such that the condition for arming the fuse system is when the sensed pressure, or the related signal received from the pressure sensor system, is at or above a threshold which at least indicates that the projectile (or its fuse system) is in a launched or launching state (e.g. being fired, or in-flight). In other words, the pressure sensor system as disclosed herein might have general use, by way of advantageous application or implementation of signal-based control. However, in terms of being useful as a safety check or safety standard, use in relation to particular thresholds indicative of launch or launching will be very useful.

[0042] FIG. 3 shows that, in one example, the pressure sensor system 10 is arranged to sense a difference between a static air pressure 20, e.g. internal to the projectile 4, and a dynamic air pressure 22, e.g. of an (external) environment in which the projectile 4 is present. Such sensing may be achieved in one of a number of different ways, for example via a transducer 24 or related component located at an interface between a static pressure environment 20 and a dynamic pressure environment 22.

[0043] The use of static and dynamic pressure measurements is particularly useful, in that these measurements, and particular differentials or differences between these measurements, can provide accurate pressure measurements, irrespective of variations in ambient air pressure, temperature, altitude, etc.

[0044] FIG. 4 depicts a projectile 4 having a different embodiment of a pressure sensor system 30. In general terms, the pressure sensor system 30 comprises a pitot-static system. A pitot-static system is well established in other fields, rugged and relatively cheap and robust.

[0045] In the example shown in FIG. 4, the system comprises one or more ports and/or conduits 32 for facilitating fluid, e.g. gas, communication/connection between an environment external to the system 30 and projectile 4, and an environment internal to the system 30 and/or projectile 4. The ports and/or conduits 32 are positioned and generally arranged such that a dynamic pressure environment 34 is established (or communicated with or connected to) for sensing, and a static pressure environment 36 is established (or communicated with or connected to) for sensing.

[0046] As discussed in relation to FIG. 3, and also applicable to FIG. 4, the static and dynamic pressures can be used to obtain pressure information useful for initiating the arming of the fuse system. Conveniently, a differential pressure measurement may be obtained by locating a transducer 38 or similar component at an interface between the static 32 and dynamic 34 pressure environments. Again, as above, a differential measurement might be useful.

[0047] As in any embodiment, a transducer 38 or other signal-generating sensor in general may provide a signal to a control system for use in initiating arming of the fuse system, based conditionally on that signal.

[0048] It will be appreciated that the use of a signal, and in particular an electric signal, is particularly useful for the reasons already described above. Another reason is that this allows the field of MEMS devices to be exploited and generally used. This might be beneficial, since such devices are generally advantageous, in terms of costs, size, sensitivity, robustness, and their degree of already well-established development in the world of consumer devices. That is, a MEMS device may be taken from a different field and employed in use with a fuse systemthe sensor may not need to be particularly designed for use in this application, which might reduce implementation costs.

[0049] It will be appreciated that the type of sensor that is used might depend on the operating conditions, thresholds, sensitivities, and so on that are required. In some examples, any pressure sensor that provides an output signal might be suitable, the use of the signal (as opposed to mechanical means) being advantageous as described above. A pitot-static system might be useful, since such technology is already widely used and very reliable, and generally simple, easy and cheap to implement. MEMS devices have been developed for consumer electronics purposes, to the extent that such MEMS sensors are particularly cheap, and yet very sensitive and very reliable, making them ideal for use in such applications as disclosed herein. Also, the of a pressure sensor which provides a signal, as opposed to working or interacting by purely mechanical means, means that the overall fuse system, and in particular pressure system itself, can be particularly simple, and small in volume, allowing it to be used in a very wide range of projectiles (sometimes referred to as munitions). For instance, the fuse system according to example embodiments might occupy a volume of less than or equal to 10 cm.sup.3, or less than or equal to 5 cm.sup.3. A pressure sensor system for use in conjunction with such a fuse system might occupy a volume of less than or equal to 5 cm.sup.3, or less than or equal to 1 cm.sup.3. This is simply not possible with pressure sensor-fuse arming systems operating on mechanical principles, which are far larger. A size reduction might also mean a weight reduction, which means a reduced impact on in-flight performance of the projectile.

[0050] As discussed above, it is likely that in order to meet safety requirements, or at least to provide general redundancy, the control system might require two conditions to be met in order to arm or initiate arming of the fuse system. FIG. 5 demonstrates this.

[0051] FIG. 5 is much the same as the projectile 4 and the fuse system 6 already shown in and described with reference to FIG. 2. However, in this example, the control system 14 is arranged to receive not one, but two inputs, in order to ensure that the fuse 16 of the system 6 is armed or initiated for arming when two conditions are met. So, much as with FIG. 2, FIG. 5 shows that a first condition might be when the pressure sensor system 10 provides a signal that is at least indicative of a certain pressure 12 threshold being met or exceeded, such a threshold typically being associated with the projectile 4 being fired, launched, or generally in an in-flight state. Advantageously, arming the fuse 16 of the system 6 may be based on a second condition, dependent on a signal received from a setback sensor system 40. The second condition for arming of the fuse system 6 is when the setback sensor system 40, or the related signal received from the setback sensor system 40, is at or above a threshold which at least implies or otherwise indicates that the projectile 4 is in a launched or launching state. As discussed previously, sensing a setback is independent of spin, which is advantageous. This is because some projectiles do not spin during launch or flight. Also, setback sensing is advantageous over many other sensing approaches, since setback will always be encountered during firing or launch of a projectile, and can be conveniently and simply measured internal to the projectile in a relatively simple way. Therefore, the combination of pressure sensing using a generated signal, and setback sensing, is not arbitrary but is instead advantageous. This is because the setback sensing provides a robust and well established approach to conditional arming of a fuse, whereas the pressure sensing and signal generation as discussed in detail herein provides a very useful, advantageous and independent second condition. The entire sensing system may use signals, as opposed to purely mechanical implementations.

[0052] An order of the sensing of a conditional pressure and a conditional setback may be useful as a validation method. For example, for the application in question, acceleration (setback) should always be detected or sensed first, followed by the pressure that is indicative of the projectile having been launched, and never the other way round. If the order of sensing is not as expected, the control system may be arranged to not arm, or to prevent arming, or disarm the fuse system. This ordering could, indeed, be a third condition for arming.

[0053] As discussed herein, the projectile in which the fuse system is located or otherwise provided may be any projectile where such advantageous use of a system might be desirable. However, the fuse system might find particularly advantageous use in a projectile which is not typically spinning during firing or flight, for example a mortar bomb (sometimes referred to as mortar round) or smooth bore round. The invention might find even more particular use in conjunction with a mortar bomb, since such mortar bombs are typically relatively crude, do not spin, and do not travel at particularly high speeds, all of which present problems for prior art approaches. The present invention overcomes these problems, and therefore finds particular use with such mortar bombs.

[0054] FIG. 6 schematically depicts general methodology associated with the present invention. FIG. 6 shows a fuse system 50 for a projectile for a ranged weapon. The fuse system 50 comprises a pressure sensor system 52 for sensing an air pressure of an environment in which the fuse system is present. The fuse system 50 further comprises a control system 54 arranged to receive a signal 56 from the pressure sensor system 52, and which is also arranged to initiate arming of the fuse system 50 conditional on that received signal 56.

[0055] In a related manner, FIG. 7 describes general methodology associated with the present invention. A method of arming a fuse system of a projectile for a ranged weapon is provided. The method comprises detecting an air pressure of an environment in which the fuse system is present, using a pressure sensor system 60. The method further comprises initiating arming of the fuse system conditional on a signal received from the pressure sensor system 62.

[0056] In the above description, the term fuse has been used. Sometimes this term might be used interchangeably with the related term or synonymous term fuze. It will be understood that in the context of understanding this disclosure these terms might be used entirely interchangeably, and are generally given the same meaning in everyday usage. However, some interpretations are such that fuze is perhaps a more specific term for a device or system including or in connection with explosive components designed to initiate a charge or something similar. Fuse might be a component within the fuze system, for example, the part of the system that is armed to ignite or initiate a explosive component or charge or similar.

[0057] Although a few preferred embodiments have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications might be made without departing from the scope of the invention, as defined in the appended claims.

[0058] Attention is directed to all papers and documents which are filed concurrently with or previous to this specification in connection with this application and which are open to public inspection with this specification, and the contents of all such papers and documents are incorporated herein by reference.

[0059] All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and/or all of the steps of any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or steps are mutually exclusive.

[0060] Each feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. Thus, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.

[0061] The invention is not restricted to the details of the foregoing embodiment(s). The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), or to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of any method or process so disclosed.