FROZEN CONFECTION COMPOSITION

Abstract

Frozen confection composition comprising from 0 wt % to 5 wt % fat, from 0 wt % to 10 wt % protein, a fat to protein ratio of less than 1:1 and an emulsifier; wherein the fat droplets of the homogenised pre-mix of the frozen confection have an average droplet size d (3,2) of below 0.6 micron, and significantly reduced shrinkage of the product is observed on heat shock testing of the frozen confection product.

Claims

1. A frozen confection composition comprising an emulsifier, from 4 wt % to 15 wt % protein, from 2.5 wt % to 18 wt % total sugars, from 1 wt % to 5 wt % fat and a fat to protein ratio of less than 1:1; wherein the fat droplets of the homogenised pre-mix of the frozen confection composition has an average droplet size d(3,2) of 0.6 m or less, and the total sugars is selected from the group consisting of monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides and mixtures thereof.

2. A frozen confection composition according to claim 1 comprising an emulsifier to fat ratio of 0.07:1 to 0.3:1.

3. A frozen confection composition according to claim 1 comprising from 0.1 wt % to 1.0 wt % emulsifier.

4. A frozen confection composition according to claim 1 wherein the emulsifier is selected from the group consisting of saturated and unsaturated monoglycerides.

5. A frozen confection composition according to claim 1 comprising from 5 wt % to 15 wt % protein.

6. A frozen confection composition according to claim 1 comprising from 2.5 wt % to 15 wt % sugar.

7. (canceled)

8. A frozen confection composition according to claim 1, wherein the confection displays shrinkage of 15 vol % or less after heat shock testing.

9. A frozen confection composition according to claim 1, wherein the fat droplets of the frozen confection composition after heat shock testing have an average droplet size d(3,2) from 0.70 m to 0.85 m.

10. A process for preparing a frozen confection composition according to claim 1, comprising the steps of: (a) Providing a pre-mix of frozen confection composition ingredients; 7(b) Homogenisation of the pre-mix at a pressure of from 200 to 400 bar; (c) Pasteurisation; (d) Cooling; (e) Freezing and aeration; (f) Extrusion; and, (g) Optionally deep freezing.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] A frozen confection comprising an emulsifier, from 0 wt % to 5 wt % fat, and a fat to protein ratio of less than 1:1, wherein the fat droplets of the homogenised pre-mix of the frozen confection composition have an average droplet size d(3,2) below 0.6 m.

[0010] A frozen confection comprising from 0 wt % to 5 wt % fat, 0 wt % to 10 wt % protein, and a fat to protein ratio of less than 1:1, wherein the fat droplets of the homogenised pre-mix of the frozen confection composition have an average droplet size d(3,2) below 0.6 m.

[0011] A frozen confection comprising from 0 wt % to 5 wt % fat, 0 wt % to 10 wt % protein, from 0 wt % to 10 wt % sugars and a fat to protein ratio of less than 1:1, wherein the fat droplets of the frozen confection composition after heat shock testing have an average droplet size d(3,2) below 0.85 m. Preferably the average droplet size d(3,2) is from 0.60 m to 0.85 m. Preferably the average droplet size d(3,2) is from 0.70 m to 0.85 m. Preferably the average droplet size d(3,2) is from 0.75 m to 0.85 m.

[0012] Fats, dairy and non-dairy for use in frozen confection compositions are provided in Ice Cream H. Goff and R. Hartel, Springer 7.sup.th Ed, 2013, pages 51-60 and The Science of Ice Cream C. Clarke, R S C 2004, pages 45-48. A frozen confection comprising from 0 wt % to 5 wt % fat, from 1 wt % to 5 wt % fat; from 1 wt % to 4 wt % fat; from 1 wt % to 3 wt % fat, from 1.5 wt % to 5 wt % fat; from 1.5 wt % to 4 wt % fat; from 1.5 wt % to 3 wt % fat

[0013] Protein means protein available from milk products or vegetable sources; such as skimmed milk powder; butter milk; butter milk powder; milk solids non-fat (MSNF); whey protein; soy protein; pea protein and oat protein. Suitable protein sources are found in Ice Cream H. Goff and R. Hartel, Springer 7.sup.th Ed, 2013, pages 60-65. A frozen confection comprising from 4.0 wt % to 15 wt % protein; from 4.5 wt % to 12.5 wt % protein; from 5 wt % to 10 wt % protein; from 5 wt % to 12.5 wt % protein; from 5 wt % to 15 wt % protein; from 5.5 wt % to 10 wt % protein; from 5.5 wt % to 12.5 wt % protein; from 5.5 wt % to 15 wt % protein.

[0014] Sugar means the total sugar content of the frozen confection composition. Sugar is selected from the group consisting of monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and mixtures thereof. Such saccharides include: sucrose, fructose, glucose and lactose. Prior to use, the sugar may be in a crystalline, powder or syrup form.

[0015] The frozen confection composition comprises from 0 wt % to 18 wt % sugars; from 2.5 wt % to 18 wt % sugars; from 2.5 wt % to 15 wt % sugars, 2.5 wt % to 12 wt % sugars, 2.5 wt % to 10 wt % sugars, from 4 wt % to 18 wt % sugars, from 4 wt % to 15 wt % sugars, from 4 wt % to 12 wt % sugars, from 4 wt % to 10 wt % sugars, from 5 wt % to 18 wt % sugars; from 5 wt % to 15 wt % sugars; from 5 wt % to 12 wt % sugars; from 5 wt % to 10 wt % sugars.

[0016] The frozen confection composition may also comprise flavours from 0 to 0.2 wt %. The total amount of solids is typically from 28 to 40 wt % and water content from 55 to 72 wt %.

[0017] The frozen confection composition may also comprise sweeteners selected from the group consisting of Rebaudioside A [also known as Stevia (Cargill Inc)]; sucralose; acesulfame potassium (Nutrinova); sugar alcohols and mixtures thereof. Sugar alcohols include erythritol, sorbitol, xylitol, mannitol, lactitol or mixtures thereof.

[0018] The frozen confection composition may also comprise soluble gluco fibre ingredients such as Promitor (Tate & Lyle).

[0019] Fat to protein ratio of less than 1:1, means that the wt % amount of fat is less than the wt % of protein present in the frozen confection composition. The alternative term with the proviso that the fat to protein ratio is less than 1:1 is intended to mean the equivalent to a fat to protein ratio of less than 1:1,

[0020] A frozen confection composition comprising a wt %/wt % emulsifier to fat ratio of from 0.07:1 to 0.3:1; from 0.08:1 to 0.25:1; from 0.10:1 to 0.20:1. Emulsifiers are defined as in Arbuckle, W. S., Ice Cream, 4th Edition, AVI publishing, 1986, ch 6 pages 92 to 94 and described in Ice Cream, H. D. Goff and R. W. Hartel; Springer, 7.sup.th Edition (2013); pages 82-84.

[0021] The term emulsifier is intended to include mixtures of different emulsifying compounds. It is generally preferred that the emulsifier comprises at least 40% by weight fatty acid monoglyceride esters and at least 20% by weight fatty acid diglyceride esters. Suitable fatty acids for the mono- and diglycerides emulsifier may have C16 or C18 chains. The frozen confection composition comprises emulsifier from 0.05 to 1 wt %; from 0.1 to 0.8 wt %; from 0.2 to 0.6 wt %. Other emulsifiers having ester linked fatty acids (which may also be (partly) unsaturated) as well as emulsifiers not having ester linked fatty acids may also be present, such as lecithin.

[0022] The emulsifier is selected from the group consisting of mono- and di-glycerides of saturated fatty acids, mono- and di-glycerides of partially saturated fatty acids, polyglycerol esters, sorbitan esters, stearoyl lactylate, lactic acid esters, citric acid esters, acetylated monoglyceride, diacetyl tartaric acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters, and lecithin and mixtures thereof.

[0023] Stabilizers are defined as in Arbuckle, W. S., Ice Cream, 4th Edition, AVI Publishing, 1986, ch 6, pages 84 to 92. They can for example be locust bean gum, carrageenan, guar gum, gelatin, carboxy methyl cellulose gum, pectin, algin products and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the frozen confection composition comprises a stabiliser selected from the group consisting of guar, LBG and mixtures thereof. The frozen confection composition comprises from 0.1 wt % to 1.5 wt % stabiliser; from 0.2 wt % to 1.0 wt % stabiliser; from 0.3 wt % to 0.8 wt % stabiliser.

[0024] Frozen confection composition means a frozen confection composition, typically prepared by the process comprises the following steps: [0025] (a) Homogenisation of the pre-mix; [0026] (b) Pasteurisation; [0027] (c) Cooling; [0028] (d) Freezing and aeration; [0029] (e) Extrusion; and, [0030] (f) Optionally deep freezing.

[0031] Pre-mix means the frozen confection composition comprising all ingredients that have been mixed prior to step (a); i.e. prior to homogenisation.

[0032] A frozen confection composition, wherein the frozen confection pre-mix is homogenised. Wherein the homogenisation pressure is from 200 to 400 bar; from 200 to 300 bar.

[0033] A frozen confection composition, wherein the overrun is from 60% to 180%; from 80% to 160%; from 100% to 140%. The calculation and definition of overrun is described in Ice Cream, H. D. Goff and R. W. Hartel; Springer, 7.sup.th Edition (2013); pages 184-188.

[0034] A frozen confection product means the frozen confection composition prepared by the process comprising steps (a) to (f); wherein the product of step (e) is packaged into a carton or tub and stored according to step (f).

[0035] Heat shock conditions means temperature cycling conditions wherein the frozen confection composition is subjected to fluctuating temperature conditions for 14 days (2 weeks). The temperature conditions fluctuate between 20 C. and +10 C. Temperature cycling is designed to accelerate some of the key deterioration mechanisms for frozen confection, for example, ice recrystallisation, moisture migration into cones, shrinkage. The extent of product deterioration after 2 weeks mimics the level of deterioration seen in a product passing through a typical cold chain.

[0036] A frozen confection product, wherein the confection displays shrinkage of up to 15 vol % after heat shock conditions. A frozen confection product, wherein the confection displays shrinkage of from 0 vol % to 15 vol % after heat shock conditions. A frozen confection product, wherein the confection displays shrinkage of from 0 vol % to 10 vol % after heat shock conditions. A frozen confection product, wherein the confection displays shrinkage of from 0 vol % to 5 vol % after heat shock conditions.

Examples

Materials

[0037] Skimmed milk powder (Dairy Crest, Esher, Surrey, UK). Protein content 35% w/w. [0038] Soluble Gluco Fibre 70R (Promitor; Tate & Lyle). [0039] Milk protein concentrate 80% protein SF K (Friesland Campina)

[0040] Sources of Emulsifier:

MDG 60% Mono Sat.:

[0041] Grinsted mono- and di-glycerides HP60 (DuPont) [0042] Mono- and di-glycerides of saturated fatty acids made from edible, fully hydrogenated palm oil: 60% w/w monoglyceride (saturated, therefore); 1% w/w unsaturated monoglyceride (unsaturated,).
MDG 70% Mono Part. Sat.: [0043] Grinsted mono- and di-glycerides PS222 (DuPont) [0044] Mono- and di-glycerides of partially saturated fatty acids made from edible, refined palm based fats and/or fully hardened palm based fat: 72% w/w monoglyceride (saturated); 15% w/w unsaturated monoglyceride (unsaturated).

General Experimental

Frozen Confection Manufacture:

[0045] Preparation of the frozen confection pre-mix. Pre-mix (50 kg) was prepared by adding the stabilisers and emulsifiers to hot water at 80 C., followed by the sugars and sweeteners, protein, cream and flavour.

[0046] The pre-mix was then heated to 82 C. with a plate heat exchanger, followed by homogenisation with a two stage valve homogeniser (APV Crepaco Homogeniser F-8831 3DDL) at 250 bar and a back pressure of around 10% of the homogenisation pressure. The pre-mix was then pasteurised at 82 C. for 25 seconds. The mix was cooled to 5 C. with a plate heat exchanger and stored at 2 C. until further processing.

(i) Preparation of the Frozen Confection Product

[0047] The pre-mix, as prepared above, was processed through an ice cream freezer [scraped surface heat exchanger (APV M75)]. All ice cream was produced at a mix throughput of approximately 40 I per hour at an operating pressure of 4 bar and 100% overrun with an extrusion temperature of between 5 and 6 C. Products were collected in 500 ml waxed paper cartons or tubs and hardened in a blast freezer at 35 C. for 2 hours, before storage at 25 C.

Temperature Cycling/Heat Shock Test:

[0048] A 500 ml ice cream block of dimensions L145 mm W90 mm H38 mm is removed from storage at 25 C. and repeatedly temperature cycled as follows: [0049] Step 1: 11.5 hrs at 20 C. [0050] Step 2: 30 minutes overshoot to +10 C. (set temperature increase to +1 C. per minute) [0051] Step 3: 11.5 hrs at 10 C. [0052] Step 4: 30 minutes overshoot to +10 C. (set temperature increase to +1 C. per minute for first 20 minutes only) [0053] for 14 days and then assessed at 25 C.

[0054] The temperature cycling is designed to accelerate some of the key deterioration mechanisms for frozen confections, for example, ice recrystallisation, moisture migration into cones, shrinkage. The extent of product deterioration after 2 weeks mimics the level of deterioration seen in a product passing through a typical cold chain.

Measurement of Average Fat Droplet Size d(3,2)

[0055] EP 1 094 718 B1 [0024]-[0026] Mastersizer Method was followed in order to measure the average fat droplet size d(3,2).

Measurement of Shrinkage:

[0056] Following temperature cycling, the containers were opened and the loss of volume of the frozen confection from the original volume, i.e. the amount of shrinkage of the frozen confection from the top and sides of the container, was measured by ruler and the shrinkage in vol % was estimated.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Frozen Confection Composition: Comparative Examples C Ingredient (wt %, unless HALO D E otherwise stated) Ex 1 Ex 2 A B TOP OPPO KOUPE Cream sweet 40% fat 5.00 6.00 6.00 Cream MSNF 3.0 Cream fat 2.40 Milk powder skimmed 9.80 10.00 9.80 9.80 Sucrose 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 Soluble Glucose Fibre 9.50 9.00 9.50 9.50 Polydextrose x Milk protein Concentrate 5.00 6.05 4.95 4.95 x Erythritol KH 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 x x Rebaudioside A 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 x x Locust Bean Gum 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.15 x x x Guar Gum 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.15 x x x Carrageenan x x Sodium Alignate x MDG 60% Mono Sat. 0.20 x x MDG 70% Mono Part.Sat. 0.20 x x Sugared egg yolk 0.80 x Water 60.87 62.30 60.42 60.42 Total Solids (wt %) 35.32 35.49 35.24 35.24 Fat (g per 100 g) 2.5 2.5 2.53 2.53 3.1 3.8 3.1 Protein (g per 100 g) 7.49 7.5 7.46 7.46 7.8 3.1 13.3 Fat:Protein (wt/wt) 0.33:1 0.33:1 0.34:1 0.34:1 0.4:1 1.23:1 0.23:1 Emulsifier:Fat 0.17:1 0.03:1 N/A N/A Sugar (g per 100 g) 8.50 8.54 8.52 8.52 7.8 6.5 8.0 Total Sugar wt % 8.50 8.54 8.52 8.52 Kcal 108 108 108 94 76 158 Homogenization (bar) 250 150 250 150 d[3,2] after heat shock 0.769 0.689 0.608 1.22 0.656 0.614 conditions (m) Shrinkage from top None 1.5 cm 2.0 cm 1.4 cm None Shrinkage from walls No No yes yes no Estimated total shrinkage None 23 28 18 No visible shrinkage Difficulty of Decompression Hard Hard Easy Easy when Squeezed by Hand Consistency Firm Firm Sticky, soft,

[0057] No visible shrinkage is observed for comparative Example E; however, the tub was easily compressible by hand. This means that, although the product did not show visible signs of shrinkage when the product was opened, the stability of the frozen confection has been reduced. This is due to the fact that air cell coalescence; i.e. the same effect that is responsible for shrinkage, occurs, but, the frozen confection has a sticky and soft consistency. The sticky and soft consistency enables the composition to retain a coverage of composition close to the top of the tub, but, within the composition in the tub, the structure has deteriorated allowing for air pockets to form and resulting in an easily decompressible tub.

[0058] Example 1 demonstrates that from 0.1 to 1.0 wt % emulsifier from 0 wt % to 5 wt % fat and a fat to protein ratio of less than 1:1; wherein the fat droplets of the homogenised pre-mix of the frozen confection composition have an average fat droplet size d(3,2) of 0.6 m or less and after heat shock conditions, 0.8 m or less. No shrinkage is observed after heat shock conditions.