Channel state information related feedback reporting and channel state information acquisition

Abstract

An apparatus reports feedback messages for channel state information estimation with respect to a channel between a first antenna of a first device and a second antenna of a second device. The apparatus is configured to determine a frequency response across a predetermined bandwidth of the channel between the first antenna and the second antenna, sample a phase of the determined frequency response in order to obtain a number of samples of the phase of the determined frequency response, and send to a further apparatus at least a first feedback message including information of at least a subset of the obtained samples.

Claims

1. An apparatus for reporting feedback messages for channel state information (CSI) estimation with respect to a channel between a first antenna of a first device and a second antenna of a second device, the apparatus being configured to: determine a frequency response across a predetermined bandwidth of the channel between the first antenna and the second antenna; sample a phase of the determined frequency response to obtain a number of samples of the phase of the determined frequency response; and send at least a first feedback message of the feedback messages, the first feedback message comprising information of at least a subset of the obtained samples; and wherein the apparatus is further configured to dynamically adapt the number of samples of the phase of the determined frequency response on the basis of a variation of a channel state of the channel.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 being further configured to receive at least one signaling message for requesting the reporting of the feedback messages for the CSI estimation, wherein the determination of the frequency response across the predetermined bandwidth of the channel between the first antenna and the second antenna and/or the sampling of the phase of the determined frequency response is performed based on the at least one received signaling message.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 being further configured to dynamically adapt the number of samples of the phase of the determined frequency response on the basis of at least one of a static error requirement, a time-variant error requirement, a quality indicator, or a performance constraint.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 being further configured to send a second feedback message of the feedback messages, the second feedback message comprising information about the frequencies associated with the samples of the phase of the determined frequency response.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 being further configured to send a third feedback message of the feedback messages, the third feedback message comprising a 1-bit message, in a case where a difference between the determined frequency response and a previously determined frequency response is less than a predetermined threshold.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the apparatus is comprised within the first device, which is user equipment.

7. An apparatus for determining a channel state information (CSI) with respect to a channel between a first antenna of a first device and a second antenna of a second device, the apparatus being configured to: acquire at least one channel parameter related to the channel between the first antenna and the second antenna; and send at least one signaling message for requesting a reporting of feedback messages, which comprise the feedback message, for CSI estimation, in a case where the acquired channel parameter satisfies at least one predetermined control condition; and receive a feedback message comprising at least information of samples of a phase of a frequency response across a predetermined bandwidth of the channel between the first antenna and the second antenna; and determine an estimated CSI from the received samples of the phase of the frequency response.

8. The apparatus of claim 7 being further configured to: acquire the at least one channel parameter periodically, and send the at least one signaling message, in a case where a difference between consecutive acquired channel parameters satisfies at least one predetermined control condition.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the apparatus is configured to send at least one signaling message comprising an indication of at least one frequency for which the CSI is to be determined.

10. The apparatus of claim 9 being further configured to send at least one signaling message comprising an indication of a device for reporting feedback messages for CSI estimation.

11. The apparatus of claim 7 being further configured to determine an estimated CSI based on a linear or non-linear interpolation of the received samples of the phase of the frequency response.

12. The apparatus of claim 7 being further configured to: identify and execute a signal processing strategy based on the determined CSI, wherein the signal processing strategy is used for processing signals to be transmitted from the first antenna towards the second antenna.

13. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the apparatus is comprised within the second device, which is a base station.

14. A method for reporting feedback messages for channel state information (CSI) estimation with respect to a channel between a first antenna of a first device and a second antenna of a second device, the method comprising: determining a frequency response across a predetermined bandwidth of the channel between the first antenna and the second antenna; sampling a phase of the determined frequency response in order to obtain a number of samples of the phase of the determined frequency response; and sending at least a first feedback message of the feedback messages, the first feedback message comprising information of at least a subset of the obtained samples of the phase of the determined frequency response; and dynamically adapting the number of samples of the phase of the determined frequency response on the basis of a variation of a channel state of the channel.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the determining of the frequency response across the predetermined bandwidth of the channel between the first antenna and the second antenna comprises computing an estimation or an approximation of the frequency response across the predetermined bandwidth.

16. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising a computer program comprising a program code for performing the method according to claim 14 when executed on a computer.

17. A method for determining a channel state information (CSI) with respect to a channel between a first antenna of a first device and a second antenna of a second device, the method comprising: acquiring at least one channel parameter related to the channel between the first antenna and the second antenna; and sending at least one signaling message for requesting the CSI in a case where the acquired channel parameter satisfies at least one predetermined control condition; and receiving at least one feedback message comprising information of samples of a phase of a frequency response across a predetermined bandwidth of the channel between the first antenna and the second antenna; and determining an estimated CSI from the received samples of the phase of the frequency response.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) In the following detailed portion of the present disclosure, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings, in which:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a wireless communication system in a multiple-input multiple-output configuration according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

(3) FIG. 2 shows a flow diagram of a method for reporting CSI according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

(4) FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram of a method for reporting CSI according to a further exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

(5) FIG. 4 shows a flow diagram of a method for acquiring CSI according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

(6) FIGS. 5a, 5b respectively show a flow diagram and a flow graph of a method for acquiring CSI according to a further exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

(7) FIG. 6 shows a flow diagram of an operation performed by a BS and a UE according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

(8) FIG. 7 shows a flow diagram of an apparatus for reporting CSI according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and

(9) FIG. 8 shows a flow diagram of an apparatus for acquiring CSI according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(10) FIG. 1 shows a communication system 100 in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) configuration according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

(11) The communication system 100 includes at least one base station (BS) 110 and at least one user equipment (UE) 120. The BS 110 includes multiple antennas 111. The UE 120 includes one or more antennas 121. Accordingly, a communication channel can be established between each combination of an antenna 111 of the BS 110 and an antenna 121 of the UE 120.

(12) In the following, a downlink of the communication system 100 is considered, in which an N-antenna BS 110 serves K UE 120. M is the total number of antennas 121 over all the UE 120, H denotes a (Mx N) downlink channel matrix concatenated over all the UE 120. P is a precoding matrix. Conceptually, when the BS 110 has the full knowledge of H, the precoding matrix is obtained by adopting the well-known Zero Forcing and Regularized Zero Forcing strategies, as follows:
Zero Forcing: P=H.sup.H(HH.sup.H).sup.1(1)
Regularized Zero Forcing: P=H.sup.H(HH.sup.H+I).sup.1(2)
where is the regularization factor, usually given as:

(13) $\begin{array}{cc}=\frac{K}{P_{\mathrm{tx}}/{}^2}& \left(3\right)\end{array}$
with P.sub.tx defined as the BS 110 transmits power and .sup.2 as the average noise power at each UE 120.

(14) Acquiring information on the full matrix H at the BS is hardly feasible in practical FDD massive MIMO systems. An insight of the present application starts from this observation to devise a strategy that allows the BS to obtain meaningful information about H and significantly reduces the necessary redundancy to acquire this information as compared to legacy approaches.

(15) With the phase matrix =e.sup.jH and the amplitude matrix A=|H|, where H and |H| are element-wise operators that return the phase and the amplitude of each element of H, respectively, the channel matrix H can then be rewritten as:
H=A(4)
where is the element-wise product (Schur-product).

(16) The information on the channel phase fully characterizes the potential constructive/destructive interactions of the channel paths for both single user and multi-user cases. Additionally, the channel phase is more regular than the channel amplitude and, more importantly, varies much slower than the channel gain. Thus, it is possible to use the phase matrix in place of H for the design of the precoding matrix P.

(17) If linear precoding strategies such as zero-forcing (ZF) or regularized zero-forcing (RZF) are taken as a reference, the corresponding precoding matrix P can be computed as:
Phase-based ZF: P=.sup.H(.sup.H).sup.1(5)
Phase-based RZF: P=.sup.H(.sup.H+I).sup.1(6)

(18) The channel phase of a single or multi-path channel can be acquired in order to leverage the potential of a phase-based precoding. The so-called channel phase is the phase ramp due to the path delays. In other words, the channel phase is responsible for the rotations experienced by the transmitted signals in the complex plane. The phase ramp of a channel path usually is linear over the frequency, i.e., the channel phase at the l-th subcarrier can be written as:

(19) $\begin{array}{cc}{}_p\left(l\right)=\frac{2{}_p}{N_{\mathrm{FFT}}}l& \left(7\right)\end{array}$
where .sub.P is the phase, .sub.P is the delay of the p-th path and N.sub.FFT is the number of sub-carriers used in the considered system. In the particular case of a multi-path channel, the channel phase is given by the combination of the individual linear phase ramps associated to each of the paths.

(20) The solution proposed here allows to efficiently acquire the channel phase of a single or multi-path channel in order to leverage the potential of the proposed phase-based precoding.

(21) The linearity of the channel phase across the channel bandwidth is almost completely preserved and can be well fitted by a piecewise linear function. This allows for the definition of method for reporting the information about the phase of the frequency response to one or a plurality of devices and obtaining the information about the phase of the frequency response of one or a plurality of channels as described in the following embodiments.

(22) FIG. 2 shows a flow diagram for reporting a feedback message according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

(23) Optionally, at step S20, a signaling message may be received. The received signaling message may imitate a request of reporting of the CSI. However, any other way for initiating reporting of CSI may be possible too.

(24) At step S21, a frequency response across a predetermined bandwidth of a channel between the first antenna of a first device and the second antenna of a second device is determined. The determination of the frequency response can be performed by any conventional channel estimation technique.

(25) The determining of a frequency response may be based on measurement data relating to the respective channel. Alternatively or additionally, the determining of a frequency response may include computing an estimation or an approximation of the frequency response across the predetermined bandwidth. In this way, the frequency response can be determined based on only a minimum number of measurements.

(26) The predetermined bandwidth of the channel can be set to a fixed bandwidth. Alternatively, the predetermined bandwidth can be dynamically adapted depending on current system requirements.

(27) At step S22, a phase of the frequency response, which has been determined at step S21, is sampled. In this way, a number of samples of the phase of the determined frequency response is obtained.

(28) At step S23, a first feedback message is sent. The feedback message includes information of all or at least a subset of the samples of the phase of the frequency response. The sending of a feedback message at step S23 is not limited to only a single feedback message. Moreover, it is also possible to send multiple feedback messages to multiple receivers or a common feedback message to multiple receivers.

(29) FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram for reporting a feedback message related to channel state information (CSI) according to a further exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

(30) At step S30, a device (i.e., an apparatus), for instance a user equipment (UE), estimates a frequency response of one or a plurality of downlink channels. The determination of the frequency response can be performed by means of any conventional channel estimation technique.

(31) At step S31, the device subsequently estimates or approximates at least a portion of the phase of the obtained frequency response across a bandwidth. The estimation or approximation can be performed, for example, by a piecewise linear function.

(32) At step S32, the device samples the estimated or approximated channel frequency response to yield a number S0 of samples of the phase of the estimated or approximated channel frequency response across a bandwidth.

(33) At step S33, the device sends one or more feedback messages to one or a plurality of other devices. The other devices may be, for instance a base station (BS). Each feedback message carries information about at least SS samples of the phase of the estimated or approximated channel frequency response across a predetermined bandwidth.

(34) In particular, the steps S30 to S33 can be included in a larger procedure, which accounts for interactions between the devices aiming at optimizing the performance of the system in terms of reduction in redundancy for the CSI reporting overhead.

(35) FIG. 4 shows a flow diagram acquiring a channel state information (CSI) according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

(36) At step S42, one or more feedback messages are received. Each feedback message includes information of samples of a phase of a frequency response across a predetermined bandwidth of a channel between the first antenna of a first device and the second antenna of a second device.

(37) At step S43, an estimated CSI from the received samples of the phase of the frequency response is determined.

(38) The determination of an estimated CSI may include a linear or non-linear interpolation of the received samples of the phase of the frequency response.

(39) Optionally, the method may include a step S40 for acquiring one or more channel parameters. The acquired channel parameters related to the channel between the first antenna and the second antenna. At step S41, one or more signaling messages may be sent for requesting the CSI if the acquired channel parameters satisfy one or more predetermined control conditions.

(40) FIGS. 5a, 5b respectively show a flow diagram and a flow graph depicting the steps performed by the first and the second devices for acquiring a channel state information (CSI) according to a further exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Reference numerals indicated with (.) in FIG. 5b corresponds to reference numerals (.) in FIG. 5a, and depicts the same method steps.

(41) At step S50 (S50), a first device, for instance, a base station (BS), estimates or approximates one or a plurality of parameters. These parameters may include, e.g., a power delay profile (PDP), characterizing the uplink channels between one or more second devices, e.g. between a UE and the first device. The estimation or approximation is carried out with a periodicity of at least one transmission slot.

(42) At step S51 (S51), the first device checks whether the channel impulse response should be estimated, that it, the device verifies whether the difference between two consecutive estimations or approximations of the aforementioned channel parameters satisfies one or a plurality of preexisting control conditions. The control conditions may include, for example, a comparison with one or more predetermined threshold values of a comparison with a previously acquired parameter.

(43) Depending on this verification at step S51 (S51), the first device performs one of the following two actions:

(44) If the difference between two consecutive estimations or approximations of one or more channel parameters does not satisfy any of the preexisting control conditions (S51-1), then the first device waits until the next transmission slot and returns to step S50.

(45) If the difference between two consecutive estimations or approximations of one or more channel parameters satisfies one or more of preexisting control conditions (S51-2), then the first device sends at step S52 one or more of signaling symbols to one or more second devices, such as UEs.

(46) The one or more signaling symbols sent by the first device may inform the second devices about at least one change occurred in the uplink channel with respect to the previous estimation. In this case, at step S53 (S53), the second device estimates or approximates the frequency response of one or a plurality of downlink channels results of the signal paths between one or a plurality of antennas at the first device and at least one antenna at the second device or its approximated version across a bandwidth.

(47) At step S54, the second device subsequently approximates at least a portion of the phase of the frequency response of one or a plurality of downlink channels across a predetermined bandwidth by a piecewise linear function.

(48) At step S55 (S55), the second device determines whether a variation of channel state with respect to at least one previous channel state information (CSI), e.g., during the previous transmission slot, has occurred. Depending on this determination, the second device performs one of the following three actions:

(49) If no change has occurred (S55-1), the second device branches to step S56 (S56) and does not perform any action on the estimated or approximated channel frequency response until the next slot (S50).

(50) If a major change has occurred (branch S55-a in FIG. 5b), the second device branches to step S57 (S57) and samples the estimated or approximated channel frequency response to yield a number S0 of samples of the phase of the channel frequency response, or its approximated version, across a bandwidth.

(51) If a minor change (S55-b) has occurred, the second device branches to step S58 (S58) and samples the estimated or approximated channel frequency response to yield a number SS samples of the phase of the channel frequency response, or its approximated version, across a bandwidth.

(52) At step S59 (S59), the second device sends one or more feedback messages to the first device. The nature of the feedback messages depends on the decisions made at step S55 (S55). In particular, the messages may contain the following information:

(53) If no change has occurred in the channel frequency response with respect to a previous slot, the feedback message may include a 1-bit message S56, or any other kind of information to inform the first device that no change has occurred in the channel frequency response with respect to a previous slot.

(54) Alternatively, if a major change has occurred, the feedback message may include at least a raw or quantized version of the S samples of the phase of the channel frequency response. Additional information can be a set I of the IS indices of one or more frequencies associated to one or more of the S samples, a set V of the VS values associated to one or more of the IS indices of one or more frequencies corresponding to one or more of the S samples of the phase of the channel frequency response, and obtained as the value of a linear or non-linear function of the indices, that is f: I.fwdarw.V.

(55) If a minor change has occurred, the feedback message may include at least a raw or quantized version of the S samples of the phase of the channel frequency response. Additional information can be a set I of the IS indices of one or more frequencies associated to one or more of the S samples, a set V of the VS values associated to one or more of the IS indices of one or more frequencies corresponding to one or more of the S samples of the phase of the channel frequency response, and obtained as the value of a linear or non-linear function of the indices, that is f: I.fwdarw.V.

(56) Finally, the first device operates on a set of symbols received by at least one second device and carrying at least information on the phase of the channel frequency response with respect to the signal paths between one or a plurality of antennas at the first device and at least one antenna at one or more second devices, or its approximated version across a bandwidth, to determine the related approximated channel state information (CSI). This information can be used to design suitable signal processing strategies to process the signal to be transmitted to the second devices, e.g., precoders.

(57) FIG. 6 shows a flow diagram of operations performed by the BS 110 and the UE120 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

(58) At step S60, the BS 110 receives an uplink (UL) signal. The UL signal may be an UL signal sent by the BS 120. For example, the UL signal may be an UL signal of a conventional data transmission.

(59) At step S61 the BS 120 verifies whether a power delay profile (PDP) has changed compared to a previous iteration. For example, a PDP may be compared with a PDP that has been determined in a previous time slot. Further to a PDP it may be also possible to analyze one or more other parameters characterizing an uplink channel between the BS 110 and an UE 120.

(60) If the PDPor another characterizing parameterhas not changed or at least has changed less than a predetermined threshold, the procedure may branch to step S65.

(61) If the PDPor another characterizing parameterhas not changed, the BS 110 sends one or more downlink (DL) pilots to the UE 120 in order to initiate a CSI estimation and to trigger the respective operations in the UE 120 at step S62.

(62) In response to the received pilots sent by the BS 110, at step S63, the UE 120 estimates and samples the phase of the channel. This yields to a feedback message including information related to CSI, where the dimension of the information in the feedback message is reduced compared to the CSI. The feedback message, which is generated by the UE 120 is feed back to the BS 110.

(63) At step S64, the BS 110 reconstructs (determines) the CSI from the received samples included in the feedback message. Accordingly, the BS 110 updated the respective information in the memory of the BS 110.

(64) At step S65, the CSI at the transmitter side (CSIT) are available in the memory of the BS 110. Accordingly, the BS 110 can access to the current CSIT.

(65) Based on the current CSIT, the BS 110 designs the precoders for precoding the data at step S66.

(66) FIG. 7 shows an apparatus 200 for reporting a feedback according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

(67) For instance, the apparatus 200 may be included in a device such as a UE 120 in a communication system according to FIG. 1. In this way, a feedback message related to channel state information (CSI) can be reported with respect to a channel between a first antenna 111 of a first device 110 and a second antenna 121 of a second device 120.

(68) The apparatus 200 includes at least a determining module 210, a sampling module 220, and a sending module 230.

(69) The determining module 210 determines a frequency response across a predetermined bandwidth of the channel between the first antenna 111 of the first device 110 and the second antenna 121 of the second device 120. The determination of the frequency response can be performed, for instance, by any conventional technique. The bandwidth for determining the frequency response may be a fixed bandwidth. Alternatively, the bandwidth may be dynamically adapted depending on current communication settings.

(70) The sampling module 220 samples a phase of the determined frequency response. In this way, a number of samples of the phase of the determined frequency response is obtained. The number of samples, which are sampled by the sampling module 220, may be a fixed value. However, it is also possible to adapt the number of samples dynamically. For instance, the number of samples may be adapted depending on further communication parameters.

(71) The sending module 230 sends at least one feedback message to a further device. The feedback messages includes information of at least a subset of the samples of the phase of the determined frequency response.

(72) Additionally, the apparatus 200 may further include a receiving module 240. The receiving module 240 receives at least one signaling message for requesting a reporting of the CSI. Accordingly, the determining module 210 determines the frequency response across the predetermined bandwidth of the channel between the first antenna 111 and the second antenna 121 and/or the sampling of the phase of the determined frequency response based on the received signaling message.

(73) In particular, a different determination scheme may be applied depending on a degree of change as described above in the previous embodiment in connection with FIG. 5.

(74) In particular, the feedback message may include information of at least a subset of samples. The subset of samples is dynamically adapted on the basis of a variation of a channel state. In particular, the sending module 230 may send at least one feedback message including information of at least a subset of samples. The sending module 230 may dynamically adapt the subset of samples on the basis of a variation of a channel state.

(75) Further, the number of samples of the phase of the determined frequency response may be dynamically determined. For example, the number of samples may be adapted on the basis of a static error requirement, a time-variant error requirement, a quality indicator, or a performance constraint. In particular, the sampling module 240 may dynamically adapt the number of samples of the phase of the determined frequency response on the basis of at least one of a static or time-variant error requirement, a quality indicator, or a performance constraint.

(76) The feedback message may further include information about the frequencies associated with the samples of the phase of the determined frequency response. Accordingly, each device, which is receiving the feedback message, may easily reconstruct (determine) CSI on the basis of the data included in the feedback message. In particular, the sending module 230 may send at least one feedback message including information about the frequencies associated with the samples of the phase of the determined frequency response.

(77) Further, the sending module 230 may send at least one feedback message including a 1-bit message, if a current frequency response corresponds to a previous frequency response or a difference between the determined frequency response and a previously determined frequency response is less than a predetermined threshold. For example, the previous frequency response may be a frequency response that has been determined in a previous time slot, in particular, the time slot before the current time slot.

(78) The predetermined threshold value for assessing the change of the frequency response may be a fixed threshold value that can be set in advance. Alternatively the threshold value may be dynamically adapted. For example, the threshold value may be adapted depending on a current operation mode or further parameters.

(79) FIG. 7 shows an apparatus 300 for acquiring a channel state information (CSI) according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

(80) For instance, the apparatus 300 may be included in a device such as a BS 110 in a communication system according FIG. 1. In this way, a channel state information (CSI) can be acquired with respect to a channel between a first antenna 111 of a first device 110 and a second antenna 121 of a second device 120.

(81) The apparatus 300 includes at least a receiver 310, and a reconstruction (determination) module 320.

(82) The receiver 310 receives a feedback message from another device, for example, an apparatus 200 as described above in connection with FIG. 7. The feedback message incudes at least information of samples of a phase of a frequency response across a predetermined bandwidth of the channel between the first antenna 111 of the first device 110 and the second antenna 121 of the second device 120.

(83) Based on the received samples of the phase of the frequency response, the reconstruction (determination) module 320 determines an estimated CSI. In particular, the determination module 320 may determine an estimated CSI based on a linear or non-linear interpolation of the received samples of the phase of the frequency response.

(84) Further, the apparatus 300 may include an acquiring module 330 and a transmitter 340.

(85) The acquiring module 330 may acquire at least one channel parameter related to the channel between the first antenna 111 and the second antenna 121. These parameters may include, e.g., a power delay profile (PDP), characterizing the uplink channels between one or more second devices, e.g. between a UE and the first device. The estimation or approximation is carried out with a periodicity of at least one transmission slot.

(86) If the acquired channel parameter satisfies at least one predetermined control condition, the transmitter 340 may send at least one signaling message for requesting the CSI.

(87) In particular, the acquiring module 330 acquires the at least one channel parameter periodically. In this case, the transmitter 340 may send the at least one signaling message only if a difference between consecutive acquired channel parameters satisfies at least one predetermined control condition. For example, such a control condition may be the same control condition as already explained in connection with the embodiment according FIG. 5.

(88) In particular, the signaling message may include an indication of at least one frequency for which the CSI is to be acquired. Accordingly, an apparatus 200 for acquiring CSI may acquire the respective frequency response with respect to the indicated frequencies.

(89) Further, the signaling message includes an indication of a device for reporting a CSI. Accordingly, the apparatus 300 can select an appropriate device, e.g. a UE, for acquiring CSI data and providing a respective feedback message.

(90) Optionally, the apparatus 330 may further include a computing module 350. The computing module 350 may identify a signal processing strategy based on the determined CSI and execute the identified processing strategy. For example, one or more appropriate processing strategies may be stored in a memory of the apparatus 300. Based on the determined CSI, the computing module 350 may select and execute one of the stored processing strategies. In particular, the signal processing strategy is used for processing signals to be transmitted from the first antenna 111 towards the second antenna 121.

(91) As described in detail above, an aspect of the present invention relates to an acquiring and reporting of data for estimating channel state information. A device, such as a user equipment, can determine a frequency response of a channel across a bandwidth and can generate at least one feedback message including samples of a phase of the determined frequency response. Accordingly, a further device, such as a base station, can receive the feedback message and can determine channel state information about a channel based on the samples included in the feedback message. In this way, the amount of data to be transmitted for obtaining channel state information can be reduced.

(92) While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and the foregoing description, such illustration and description are to be considered illustrative or exemplary and not restrictive. The invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. From reading the present disclosure, other modifications will be apparent to a person skilled in the art. Such modifications may involve other features, which are already known in the art and may be used instead of or in addition to features already described herein.

(93) The invention has been described in conjunction with various exemplary embodiments herein. However, other variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the art in practicing the claimed invention, from a study of the drawings, the disclosure and the appended claims. In the claims, the word comprising does not exclude other elements or steps, and the indefinite article a or an does not exclude a plurality. A single processor or other unit may fulfill the functions of several items recited in the claims. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage. A computer program may be stored/distributed on a suitable non-transitory medium, such as an optical storage medium or a solid-state medium supplied together with or as part of other hardware, but may also be distributed in other forms, such as via the Internet or other wired or wireless telecommunication systems.

(94) Although the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary features and embodiments thereof, it is evident that various modifications and combinations can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded simply as an illustration of the invention as defined by the appended claims, and are contemplated to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations or equivalents that fall within the scope of the present invention.