PIGMENT AND PIGMENT PRODUCTION METHOD

Abstract

A novel pigment and a method to create the novel pigment are described. A raw material, such as municipal sewage sludge, municipal compost, food waste, agricultural waste, forestry waste, agroforestry waste, biomass, and/or livestock waste, are screened, cleaned, and/or prepared. The raw material is digested by microorganisms to create methane and a biosolid. The biosolid is dried and then carbonized to create a biochar. The biochar is ground into a powder pigment until a predetermined particle size is reached. The powder pigment having the predetermined particle size is applied to a media to create at least one product, such as an ink, a paint, a stain, a colored material, and/or a dye.

Claims

1. A method to create a pigment from a raw material, the method comprising: screening, cleaning, and/or preparing the raw material; digesting the raw material by microorganisms to create methane and a biosolid; drying the biosolid; carbonizing the biosolid to create a biochar; grinding the biochar into a powder pigment until a predetermined particle size is reached; and applying the powder pigment having the predetermined particle size to a media to create at least one product.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the raw material is selected from the group consisting of: municipal sewage sludge, municipal compost, food waste, agricultural waste, forestry waste, agroforestry waste, biomass, and/or livestock waste.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the microorganisms are methanogens.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising: sifting the powder pigment of the predetermined particle size prior to applying the powder pigment to the media.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the biosolid is a processed sewage.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the carbonization of the biosolid to create the biochar occurs via pyrolysis or gasification.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one product is selected from the group consisting of: an ink, a paint, a stain, a colored material, and a dye.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the at least one product is the ink, and wherein the media is a gum arabic.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the at least one product is the stain, and wherein the media is a linseed oil.

10. The method of claim 8, further comprising: applying the ink to a wood product.

11. A method to carbonize a biosolid to create a biochar, the method comprising: placing the biosolid in a container; closing the container comprising the biosolid; and applying heat to the closed container to carbonize the biosolid to create the biochar.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the container comprises a metal material.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein the carbonization of the biosolid neutralizes a smell of the biosolid.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein the carbonization of the biosolid renders the biosolid safe to handle.

15. The method of claim 11, wherein the heat comprises light directed at the closed container through a lens.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the lens comprises a fresnel lens.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein the light comprises solar radiation.

18. The method of claim 11, wherein the heat comprises a fire, and wherein the method further comprises: placing the closed container comprising the biosolid into a fire to carbonize the biosolid to create the biochar.

19. The method of claim 11, wherein the carbonization of the biosolid to create the biochar occurs via pyrolysis.

20. The method of claim 11, wherein the carbonization of the biosolid to create the biochar occurs via gasification.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] FIG. 1 depicts a block diagram of a method to create a pigment from a raw material, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] FIG. 2 depicts a schematic diagram of a method to create a pigment from a raw material, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] FIG. 3 depicts a perspective view of a biosolid that is un-carbonized and is located in a container, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] FIG. 4 depicts another perspective view of a biosolid that is un-carbonized and is located in a container, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] FIG. 5 depicts a block diagram of a method to carbonize a biosolid to create a biochar, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] FIG. 6 depicts a schematic diagram of a first method to carbonize a biosolid to create a biochar, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] FIG. 7 depicts a perspective view of a partially carbonized biosolid located in a container, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] FIG. 8 depicts a schematic diagram of a second method to carbonize a biosolid to create a biochar, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] FIG. 9 depicts a perspective view of a carbonized biosolid located in a container, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] FIG. 10 depicts another perspective view of a carbonized biosolid located in a container, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] FIG. 11 depicts a perspective view of a biochar ground into a powder pigment, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] FIG. 12 depicts another perspective view of a biochar ground into a powder pigment, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.

[0035] FIG. 13 depicts a perspective view of a powder pigment suspended in a media (e.g., a gum arabic media) for use as an ink, the ink being usable with a stamp to create at least one product, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.

[0036] FIG. 14 depicts a perspective view of a powder pigment suspended in a media (e.g., a letterpress ink media) for use as a letterpress ink in creating at least one product, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.

[0037] FIG. 15 depicts another perspective view of a powder pigment suspended in a media (e.g., a letterpress ink media) for use as a letterpress ink in creating at least one product, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.

[0038] FIG. 16 depicts a perspective view of a powder pigment suspended in a media (e.g., a linseed oil media) for use as a wood stain in creating at least one product, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0039] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. Identical elements in the various figures are identified with the same reference numerals.

[0040] Reference will now be made in detail to each embodiment of the present invention. Such embodiments are provided by way of explanation of the present invention, which is not intended to be limited thereto. In fact, those of ordinary skill in the art may appreciate upon reading the present specification and viewing the present drawings that various modifications and variations can be made thereto.

[0041] As described herein, a biosolid or a digestate is the result of digesting a material anaerobically. In some examples, the biosolid may specifically refer to treated sewage sludges.

[0042] As described herein, a biochar is a stable solid charcoal that is rich in carbon. As described herein, methanogens are microorganisms that produce methane as a metabolic byproduct in hypoxic conditions. Methanogens are a phylogenetically diverse group of strictly anaerobic organisms within the phylum Euryarchaeota.

[0043] As described herein, gasification refers to a process that converts organic-based or fossil fuel-based carbonaceous materials into carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and carbon dioxide. This is achieved by reacting the material at high temperatures (>700 C.), without combustion, with a controlled amount of oxygen and/or steam. The resulting gas mixture is a syngas (or synthesis gas) or a producer gas and is itself a fuel. The power derived from gasification and combustion of the resultant gas is considered to be a source of renewable energy if the gasified compounds were obtained from biomass.

[0044] As described herein, pyrolysis refers to a thermal decomposition of materials at elevated temperatures in an inert atmosphere. Pyrolysis involves a change of chemical composition and is most commonly used in the treatment of organic materials. In general, pyrolysis of organic substances produces volatile products and leaves a solid residue enriched in carbon char. The pyrolysis (or devolatilization) process occurs at around 200-300 C.

[0045] As described herein, gum arabic refers to a gum exuded by some kinds of acacia, used in the food industry, in glue, as the binder for watercolor paints, and in incense.

[0046] As described herein, a linseed oil also refers to a flaxseed oil or a flax oil, which is a colorless to yellowish oil obtained from the dried, ripened seeds of the flax plant. The oil is obtained by pressing and sometimes followed by solvent extraction.

[0047] A method to create a pigment from a raw material is depicted in at least FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 1, the method to create the pigment from the raw material begins at a process step 102, which includes screening, cleaning, and/or preparing a raw material 148. The raw material 148 may include: municipal sewage sludge, municipal compost, food waste, agricultural waste, forestry waste, agroforestry waste, biomass, and/or livestock waste, among other examples not explicitly listed herein.

[0048] The process step 102 is followed by a process step 104, that includes digesting the raw material 148 by microorganisms to create methane and a biosolid 122. In examples, the microorganisms are methanogens. Moreover, in some examples, the biosolid 122 is a processed sewage. Perspective views of the un-carbonized biosolid 122 are depicted in at least FIG. 3 and FIG. 4.

[0049] The process step 104 is followed by a process step 106 that includes drying the biosolid 122. The process step 106 may occur via any conventional methods or means. The process step 106 is followed by a process step 108 that includes carbonizing the biosolid 122 to create a biochar 146. In examples, the biosolid 122 is carbonized via pyrolysis or gasification. The biochar 146 is black in color. The process step 108 is described further in FIG. 5, FIG. 6, and FIG. 8.

[0050] The process step 108 may be followed by a process step 110 that includes grinding the biochar 146 into a powder pigment 134 until a predetermined particle size is reached. The process step 110 may occur via any conventional means or methods. The powder pigment 134 is depicted at least in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12. The process step 110 may be followed by a process step 112 that includes sifting the powder pigment 134 having the predetermined particle size. The process step 112 may be followed by a process step 114 that includes applying the powder pigment 134 having the predetermined particle size to a media to create at least one product 150. The at least one product 150 is an ink 136, a paint, a stain (e.g., a wood stain 152), a colored material, or a dye, among other examples not explicitly listed herein. In some examples, the ink 136 may be a letterpress ink 154.

[0051] In a first example and as depicted in FIG. 13, the at least one product 150 is the ink 136 and the media is a gum arabic. As an illustrative example, the ink 136 may be applied to a stamp to transfer the ink 136 to a wood product, such as a paper 138. In a second example and as depicted in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, the at least one product 150 is the letterpress ink 154 and the media is a letterpress ink media (e.g., a rubber-based letterpress media). As an illustrative example, the letterpress ink 154 may be used in letterpress printing to transfer the letterpress ink 154 to the wood product, such as the paper 138. In third example and as depicted in FIG. 16, the at least one product 150 is the wood stain 152 and the media is a linseed oil. As an illustrative example, the wood stain 152 may be applied to wood 156.

[0052] A method to carbonize a biosolid 122 to create the biochar 146 is depicted in FIG. 5. The method of FIG. 5 includes numerous process steps and may begin at a process step 116 that includes placing the biosolid 122 into a container 128. The container 128 may comprise a metal material. The process step 116 may be followed by a process step 118 that includes closing the container 128. The process step 118 may be followed by a process step 120 that may include applying heat to the container 128 in a closed position, the container 128 comprising the biosolid 122, to carbonize the biosolid 122 to create the biochar 146. It should be appreciated that the carbonization of the biosolid 122 neutralizes a smell of the biosolid 122 and renders the biosolid 122 safe to handle. Perspective views of the carbonized biosolid 122 are depicted in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10.

[0053] In a first example and as depicted in FIG. 6, the heat comprises light (such as solar radiation 124) directed at the container 128 in the closed position through a lens 126 (such as a fresnel lens). FIG. 7 depicts a partially carbonized biosolid 122 located in the container 128. A first circle 142 is located on a portion of an interior lid of the container 128. A second circle 144 located on an area of the biosolid 122. The first circle 142 depicts markings resulting from the solar radiation 124 directed at the container 128 in the closed position through the lens 126. The second circle 144 depicts a location where the heat was transferred to the biosolid 122 to result in a carbonization of the biosolid 122.

[0054] In a second example and as depicted in FIG. 8, the heat comprises a fire 132. As depicted in FIG. 8, the method further includes placing the container 128 in the closed position, the container 128 comprising the biosolid 122, into another container 130. The other container 130 is larger than the container 128 housing the biosolid 122. The fire 132 is located in the other container 130 such that the container 128 heats up, but does not allow oxygen into the container 128, which results in the carbonization of the biosolid 122, rather than combustion of the biosolid 122.

[0055] The descriptions of the various embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration, but are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein was chosen to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application or technical improvement over technologies found in the marketplace, or to enable others or ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0056] When introducing elements of the present disclosure or the embodiments thereof, the articles a, an, and the are intended to mean that there are one or more of the elements. Similarly, the adjective another, when used to introduce an element, is intended to mean one or more elements. The terms including and having are intended to be inclusive such that there may be additional elements other than the listed elements.

[0057] Although this invention has been described with a certain degree of particularity, it is to be understood that the present disclosure has been made only by way of illustration and that numerous changes in the details of construction and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention.