Braking device for a moving door leaf and corresponding door closer

Abstract

The invention relates to a braking device (20) for a moving door leaf (5) comprising a generator (22), the at least one generator shaft (24) of which can be rotated via a movement of the door leaf (5), and at the connection terminals of which a movement-dependent first output voltage occurs, which is applied to an evaluation and control electronics system (10) having an evaluation and control unit and a braking circuit. The braking circuit generates an effective braking force for damping the movement of the door leaf (5), wherein the braking circuit (18) has at least one switch element, via which the connection terminals can be short-circuited, as well as a door closer (1) having a braking device of this type. According to the invention, a second output voltage of the generator (22) is applied to a charging circuit (12), which stores electrical energy for supplying the evaluation and control electronics system (10) with power.

Claims

1. A braking device (20, 20A) for a movable door leaf (5) comprising a generator (22), at least one generator shaft (24, 24A, 24B) of which is rotatable by a movement of the door leaf (5) and on the connection terminals (K1, K2) of which a movement-dependent first output voltage (U.sub.A1) is produced, which is applied to an electronic evaluation and control system (10) having an evaluation and control unit (16) and a braking circuit (14), which generates an effective braking force for damping the movement of the door leaf (5), wherein the braking circuit (14) has at least one switch element (FET), via which the connection terminals (K1, K2) can be short-circuited, wherein a second output voltage (U.sub.A2) of the generator 22 is applied to a charging circuit 12, which stores electrical energy for powering the electronic evaluation and control system (10).

2. The braking device according to claim 1, wherein the generator (22) is designed as an electric motor (22A) having at least two windings (22.1, 22.2), wherein at least one first winding (22.1) generates the first output voltage (U.sub.A1) and at least one second winding (22.2) generates the second output voltage (U.sub.A2).

3. The braking device according to claim 2, wherein the electric motor (22A) is designed as a brush motor having two windings (22.1, 22.2) and two commutators or as a brushless DC motor having two windings (22.1, 22.2).

4. The braking device according to claim 2, wherein the at least two windings (22.1, 22.2) of the electric motor (22A) act on a common generator shaft (24), which is operatively connected to an output shaft (27) of a mechanical energy storage device (28) via a transmission (26).

5. The braking device according to claim 1, wherein the generator (22) has two electric motors (22B, 22C), wherein a first electric motor (22B) produces the first output voltage (U.sub.A1) and a second electric motor (22C) generates the second output voltage (U.sub.A2).

6. The braking device according to claim 5, wherein the first electric motor (22B) is designed as a brush motor and the second electric motor (22C) is designed as a brushless DC motor.

7. The braking device according to claim 5 wherein the two electric motors (22B, 22C) are each operatively connected to an output shaft (27A) of a mechanical energy storage device (28) via a generator shaft (24A, 24B) and an associated transmission (26A, 26B).

8. The braking device according to claim 1 wherein the evaluation and control unit (16) via the switch element (FET) carries out a pulse width modulation of the motor current (I.sub.A) interacting with the first output voltage (U.sub.A1) and adjusts an effective braking force for damping the movement of the door leaf (5).

9. The braking device according to claim 8, wherein the evaluation and control unit (16) adjusts the damping of the movement of the door leaf (5) according to a current movement direction and/or a current speed and/or a current opening angle of the door leaf (5).

10. The braking device according to claim 9, wherein the evaluation and control unit (16) determines a current movement direction and speed of the door leaf (5) from the second output voltage (U.sub.A2) via at least one measuring circuit.

11. The braking device according to claim 1 wherein the charging circuit (12) has a capacitor (C) which stores the generated electrical energy for powering the braking device (20).

12. A door closer (1, 1A) comprising a mechanical energy storage device (28), which is operatively connected to a door leaf (5) via a force transmission device and can be loaded with potential energy by manually opening the door leaf (5) and closes the released door leaf (5), and comprising a braking device (20, 20A), which dampens the movement of the door leaf (5), wherein the braking device (20, 20A) is designed according to claim 1.

13. The door closer according to claim 12, wherein the mechanical energy storage device (28) acts on an output shaft (27, 27A) which is coupled to the door leaf (5) via a sliding arm (7).

14. The door closer according to claim 13, wherein the output shaft (27, 27A) of the mechanical energy storage device (28) is coupled via at least one transmission (26, 26A, 26B) to at least one generator shaft (24, 24A, 24B) of the generator (22) of the braking device (20, 20A).

Description

(1) Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.

(2) The figures show the following:

(3) FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a section of a door leaf by means of a first exemplary embodiment of a door closer according to the invention having a braking device according to the invention.

(4) FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a section of a door leaf on the basis of a second exemplary embodiment of a door closer according to the invention having a braking device according to the invention.

(5) FIG. 3 shows a schematic block diagram of an electronic evaluation and control system of the braking device according to the invention from FIG. 1 or 2.

(6) FIG. 4 shows a schematic circuit diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a charging circuit of the electronic evaluation and control system from FIG. 3.

(7) FIG. 5 shows a schematic circuit diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a braking circuit of the electronic evaluation and control system from FIG. 3.

(8) As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, a door closer 1, 1A in the exemplary embodiments shown has a housing 3, 3A in each case in which a mechanical energy storage device 28 and a braking device 20, 20A are arranged. The mechanical energy storage device 28 is preferably designed as a spring and is operatively connected to a door leaf 5 via a force transmission device. The mechanical energy storage device 28 is loaded with potential energy by manually opening the door leaf 5 and closes the released door leaf 5 again. The braking device 20, 20A dampens the movement of the door leaf 5 and comprises a generator 22, the at least one generator shaft 24, 24A, 24B of which can be rotated by means of a movement of the door leaf 5 and on the connection terminals K1, K2 of which a movement-dependent first output voltage U.sub.A1 is produced, which is applied to an electronic evaluation and control system unit 10 having an evaluation and control unit 16 and a braking circuit 14, which generates an effective braking force for damping the movement of the door leaf 5. The braking circuit 14 has at least one switch element FET, via which the connection terminals K1, K2 can be short-circuited. According to the invention, a second output voltage U.sub.A2 of the generator 22 is applied to a charging circuit 12, which stores electrical energy for powering the electronic evaluation and control system 10.

(9) As can be further seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, the housing 3, 3A in the exemplary embodiments shown is mounted such that it is fixed to the leaf on the upper left edge region of the movable door leaf 5. The mechanical energy storage device 28 acts on an output shaft 27, 27A, which is coupled to the door leaf 5 via a sliding arm 7. The sliding arm 7 features, at its free end, a sliding block 7.1 which is guided in a sliding rail 9 mounted fixedly with respect to the panel. In addition, the output shaft 27, 27A of the mechanical energy storage device 28 is coupled via at least one transmission 26, 26A, 26B to at least one generator shaft 24, 24A, 24B of the generator 22 of the braking device 20, 20A.

(10) During opening and closing of the door leaf 5, the at least one generator shaft 24, 24A, 24B of the generator 22 is rotated by means of the at least one transmission 26, 26A, 26B. The mechanical energy storage device 28 designed as a spring can be tensioned or relaxed, although does not have to be. In the case of cantilever systems, the spring 28 can, for example, be held in the tensioned position (door open), but the at least one generator shaft 24, 24A, 24B is still rotated when the door leaf 5 is moved. When the at least one generator shaft 24, 24A, 24B is rotated, the first output voltage U.sub.A1 is on the connection terminals K1, K2 and the second output voltage U.sub.A2 is on the charging circuit 12, said output voltages being dependent in each case on the angular velocity of the corresponding generator shaft 24, 24A, 24B.

(11) As can be further seen from FIG. 1, in the first exemplary embodiment shown, the generator 22 is designed as an electric motor 22A having at least two windings 22.1, 22.2. In the exemplary embodiment shown, a first winding 22.1 generates the first output voltage U.sub.A1, and a second winding 22.2 generates the second output voltage U.sub.A2. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the electric motor 22A operated as a generator 22 is in the form of a brushless DC motor having two windings 22.1, 22.2, which act on a common generator shaft 24. The common generator shaft 24 is operatively connected to the output shaft 27 of the mechanical energy storage device 28 via a transmission 26. In an alternative exemplary embodiment shown, the electric motor 22A is designed as a brush motor having two windings 22.1, 22.2 and two commutators.

(12) As can also be seen from FIG. 2, the generator 22 in the second exemplary embodiment shown has two electric motors 22B, 22C. Here, a first electric motor 22B generates the first output voltage U.sub.A1, and a second electric motor 22C generates the second output voltage U.sub.A2. The first electric motor 22B is in the form of a brush motor and the second electric motor 22C is in the form of a brushless DC motor. In the second exemplary embodiment shown, the two electric motors 22B, 22C are each operatively connected to the output shaft 27A of the mechanical energy storage device 28 via a generator shaft 24A, 24B and an associated transmission 26A, 26B. This advantageously enables an optimised configuration of the transmission 26B, which is coupled to the generator shaft 24B of the second electric motor 22C, for operating the generator.

(13) As can further be seen from FIG. 3, the electronic evaluation and control system 10, 10A comprises an evaluation and control unit 16, which is preferably designed as a microcontroller, a charging circuit 12, to which the second output voltage U.sub.A2 is applied, and a braking circuit 14, to which the first output voltage U.sub.A1 is applied.

(14) As can be further seen from FIG. 4, the charging circuit 12 has a capacitor C, which stores the generated electrical energy for powering the braking device 20, 20A. According to the polarity of the second output voltage U.sub.A2, the latter is applied via a first diode D1 or via a second diode D1 to the storage capacitor C. A Zener diode D.sub.Z limits the maximum voltage.

(15) As can further be seen from FIG. 5, the braking circuit 14 comprises a field-effect transistor as a switch element FET, a gate resistor R, via which the gate of the field-effect transistor FET is electrically connected to the evaluation and control unit 16, and a bridge rectifier circuit BG having four diodes D3, D4, D5, D6, which has the effect that the polarity of the voltage on the drain-source path of the field-effect transistor FET remains the same irrespective of the polarity of the first output voltage U.sub.A1 of the generator 22.

(16) Via the field-effect transistor FET, the evaluation and control unit 16 now carries out a pulse width modulation of the motor current I.sub.A interacting with the first output voltage U.sub.A1 and sets an effective braking force for damping the movement of the door leaf 5. This means that the evaluation and control unit 16 for damping the movement of the door leaf 5 short-circuits the connection terminals K1, K2 via the field-effect transistor FET. During the short circuit, the angular velocity of the at least one generator shaft 24, 24A, 24B is dampened. By means of the pulse width modulation of the short-circuit current or motor current I.sub.A, the evaluation and control unit 16 adjusts the damping of the speed and thus the braking force.

(17) Preferably, the evaluation and control unit 16 adjusts the damping of the movement of the door leaf 5 according to a current movement direction and/or a current speed and/or a current opening angle of the door leaf 5. The evaluation and control unit 16 determines a current movement direction and speed of the door leaf 5 from the second output voltage U.sub.A2 via at least one measuring circuit (not shown in greater detail).

(18) This means that the evaluation and control unit 16 adjusts the damping of the movement of the door leaf 5 according to a current movement direction and/or a current speed and/or a current opening angle of the door leaf 5. The evaluation and control unit 16 can thus dampen the opening movement of the door leaf 5 by means of the pulse width modulation of the motor current I.sub.A when the current speed of the opening movement exceeds a predetermined speed threshold value.

(19) In addition, the evaluation and control unit 16 can adjust the point of onset of the final snap and the final speed to the desired values. This means that the evaluation and control unit 16 ends the damping of the closing movement of the door leaf 5 when the door leaf 5 has reached at least one predetermined final snap condition. For example, a final snap speed and/or a final snap position can be specified as the final snap condition.

(20) The evaluation and control unit 16 dampens the opening speed of the door leaf 5 from a specific opening angle. This means that the evaluation and control unit 16 can dampen the opening movement of the door leaf 5 by means of the pulse width modulation of the motor current I.sub.A when the current opening angle of the door leaf 5 exceeds a predetermined opening angle threshold value.

LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS

(21) 1, 1A Door closer

(22) 3, 3A Housing

(23) 5 Door leaf

(24) 7 Sliding arm

(25) 7.1 Sliding block

(26) 9 Sliding rail

(27) 10, 10A Electronic evaluation and control system

(28) 12 Charging circuit (power supply)

(29) 14 Braking circuit (pulse width modulation)

(30) 16 Evaluation and control unit (microcontroller)

(31) 20 Braking device

(32) 22 Generator

(33) 22A Electric motor

(34) 22.1, 22.2 Winding

(35) 22B, 22C Electric motor

(36) 24, 24A, 24B Generator shaft

(37) 26, 26A, 26B Transmission

(38) 27, 27A Output shaft

(39) 28 Mechanical energy storage device

(40) D1 to D6 Diode

(41) R Ohmic resistor

(42) C Electrical energy storage device

(43) D.sub.Z Zener diode

(44) FET Field-effect transistor

(45) BG Bridge rectifier

(46) K1, K2 Motor terminal

(47) U.sub.A1 First output voltage

(48) U.sub.A2 Second output voltage

(49) I.sub.A Motor current