INVERTER DEVICE, DRIVE DEVICE FOR AN ELECTRICALLY DRIVABLE VEHICLE, AND VEHICLE

Abstract

An inverter device (1), comprising a first printed circuit board (2) on which a transformer (3) is arranged; a second printed circuit board (4) which is arranged parallel to the first printed circuit board (2) at a distance from the sides of the transformer (3); and a cover element (5) which is arranged between the printed circuit boards (2, 4) for the purpose of electromagnetic shielding and has a through opening (6) through which the transformer (3) passes;
wherein the cover element (5) comprises a shielding unit (7) which surrounds the through opening (6) peripherally at least in some places and extends in the direction of the second printed circuit board (4).

Claims

1. An inverter device comprising: a first printed circuit board on which a transformer is arranged; a second printed circuit board which is arranged parallel to the first printed circuit board at a distance from the sides of the transformer; and a cover element which is arranged between the printed circuit boards for the purpose of electromagnetic shielding and has a through opening through which the transformer passes, wherein the cover element comprises a shielding unit which surrounds the through opening peripherally at least in some places and extends in the direction of the second printed circuit board.

2. The inverter device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shielding unit surrounds the through opening completely peripherally.

3. The inverter device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shielding unit extends further than the transformer in the direction of the second printed circuit board.

4. The inverter device as claimed in claim 1, wherein an electrically conductive surface layer is arranged on a side, facing the first printed circuit board, of the second printed circuit board at least in a region situated opposite the through opening.

5. The inverter device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second printed circuit board bears on the shielding unit and/or contacts the shielding unit electrically conductively.

6. The inverter device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: a casing enclosing the first printed circuit board, the second printed circuit board, and the cover element.

7. The inverter device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the cover element bears on the casing and/or contacts the casing electrically conductively.

8. The inverter device as claimed in claim 1, wherein one or more further transformers are provided on the first printed circuit board, wherein a shielding unit is provided for each transformer.

9. The inverter device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the further transformer or at least one of the further transformers is gripped in some places by an outer concave edge of the cover element, and the shielding unit for the further transformer extends along the edge.

10. The inverter device as claimed in claim 9, wherein a casing wall extends along sections of the further transformer which are not gripped by the edge.

11. The inverter device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the or each transformer is part of a driver device of the inverter device.

12. The inverter device as claimed in claim 1, wherein semiconductor power circuit elements of the inverter device are arranged on the first printed circuit board and/or components of a control device of the inverter device are arranged on the second printed circuit board.

13. A drive device for an electrically drivable vehicle, comprising: an electrical machine configured to drive the vehicle; and an inverter device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inverter device is configured to supply alternating current to the electrical machine.

14. A vehicle, comprising: a drive train as claimed in claim 13.

Description

[0022] Further advantages and details of the present invention emerge from the exemplary embodiments described below and on the basis of the drawings. These are schematic illustrations in which:

[0023] FIG. 1 shows a detailed view in section of an exemplary embodiment of the inverter device according to the invention.

[0024] FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a magnetic field distribution in the case of an inverter device according to the invention.

[0025] FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a magnetic field distribution in the case of the inverter device according to the exemplary embodiment.

[0026] FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a plan view of the first printed circuit board of the inverter device according to the exemplary embodiment.

[0027] FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a detailed view in section of the inverter device according to the exemplary embodiment.

[0028] FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a detailed view in section of a second exemplary embodiment of the inverter device according to the invention.

[0029] FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a detailed view in section of a third exemplary embodiment of the inverter device according to the invention; and

[0030] FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the vehicle according to the invention with an exemplary embodiment of the drive device according to the invention.

[0031] FIG. 1 shows a detailed view in section of an exemplary embodiment of an inverter device 1.

[0032] The inverter device 1 comprises a first printed circuit board 2 on which a transformer 3 is arranged, a second printed circuit board 4 which is arranged parallel to the first printed circuit board 2 at a distance from sides of the transformer 3, and a cover element 5 which is arranged between the printed circuit boards 2, 4 for the purpose of electromagnetic shielding. The cover element 5 has a through opening 6 through which the transformer 3 passes. The cover element 5 additionally comprises a shielding unit 7 which surrounds the through opening 6 completely peripherally and extends in the direction of the second printed circuit board 4. It can be seen that the shielding unit 7 extends further than the transformer 3 in the direction of the second printed circuit board 4.

[0033] A driver device of the inverter device 1 is arranged on the first printed circuit board 2, wherein the transformer 3 is part of this driver device. Semiconductor power circuit elements (not shown) of the inverter device are arranged next to it on the first printed circuit board 2. In contrast, components of a control device of the inverter device 1 are arranged on the second printed circuit board 4. These are typically significantly more sensitive with respect to electromagnetic irradiation than the driver device and other components arranged on the first printed circuit board 2. The cover element 5 therefore in principle serves to electromagnetically shield the second printed circuit board 4 from the first printed circuit board 2.

[0034] Because the transformer 3 has a significantly greater structural height than other components provided on the first printed circuit board 2, the through opening 6 is provided. A magnetic field which is propagated through the through opening 6 is here considerably compressed by the shielding unit 7 and essentially forced back into a region between the first printed circuit board 2 and the cover element 5. This effect also applies in a similar fashion to electrical fields.

[0035] FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show magnetic field distributions, wherein FIG. 2 relates to an inverter device according to the prior art with a transformer 3′ and a cover element 5′ with no shielding unit, and FIG. 3 relates to the inverter device 1 according to the exemplary embodiment.

[0036] It can be seen, in the case of the (purely qualitatively illustrated) magnetic field distributions, that the boundary conditions defined by the shielding unit 7 result in a significant shifting of the field distribution into the region between the first printed circuit board 2 and the cover element 5 which is less electromagnetically sensitive than the region between the cover element 5 and the second printed circuit board 4.

[0037] FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a plan view of the first printed circuit board 2 of the inverter device 1 according to the exemplary embodiment.

[0038] It can be seen that the inverter device 1 moreover has a casing 8 which encloses the printed circuit boards 2, 4 and the cover element 5. Further transformers 3a, 3b are provided on the first printed circuit board 2, next to the transformer 3.

[0039] A further through opening 6a and a shielding unit 7a are provided in each case for the further transformers 3a in the same way as for the transformer 3 in the cover element 5. The cover element 5 has recesses 9 for the further transformers 3b arranged on the edge of the first printed circuit board 2. The further transformers 3b are here each gripped in some places by a concave edge 10 of the cover element 5. A further shielding unit 7b, which extends along the edge 10, is in each case provided for the further transformers 3b. A casing wall 11a, 11b of the casing 8 here extends in each case along those sections of the further transformers 3b which are not gripped by the edge 10.

[0040] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a detailed view in section of the inverter device 1 according to the exemplary embodiment.

[0041] It can be seen here that the casing wall 11a, together with the further shielding element 7b, forms almost completely peripheral shielding around the further transformer 3b such that a similar shielding effect is obtained as that by the shielding unit 7 for the transformer 3.

[0042] in addition, FIG. 5 shows a surface layer 12, formed from copper, which is formed on that side of the second printed circuit board 4 which faces the first printed circuit board 2 and extends in a region situated opposite the through opening 6 and spans the latter. The surface layer 12 ensures that the shielding action of the shielding unit 7 is expanded spatially.

[0043] Corresponding surface layers 12 are also provided for the further transformers 3a. For the further transformers 7b, a surface layer 12a is in each case formed on that side of the second printed circuit board 4 which faces the first printed circuit board. The surface layer 12a spans the recess 9. All the abovementioned surface layers 12, 12a are formed from copper or from a different metal.

[0044] FIG. 6 is a detailed view in section of a second exemplary embodiment of an inverter device 1. Apart from the differences described below, this corresponds to the first exemplary embodiment, wherein the same components or components which have the same effect are provided with identical reference numerals.

[0045] In the second exemplary embodiment, the cover element 5 bears on the casing 8 and is contacted electrically conductively to the latter. To do this, the casing walls 11a, 11b, only the casing wall 11a of which is shown in FIG. 6, have a step-like projection 11c which points toward the inside of the casing and forms a bearing and contact surface for the cover element 5.

[0046] FIG. 7 is a detailed view in section of a third exemplary embodiment of an inverter device 1. Apart from the differences described below, this corresponds to one of the abovedescribed exemplary embodiments, wherein the same components or components which have the same effect are provided with identical reference numerals.

[0047] In the third exemplary embodiment, a respective surface layer 12, 12a of the second printed circuit board 4 bears on the shielding unit 7, 7a, 7b spanned by it and contacts the shielding unit 7, 7a, 7b electrically conductively. For reasons of clarity, only the shielding units 7, 7b are shown here in FIG. 7.

[0048] According to a further exemplary embodiment of an inverter device 1 which otherwise corresponds to one of the abovedescribed exemplary embodiments, some or all of the shielding units 7, 7a, 7b are interrupted peripherally once or multiple times.

[0049] According to a further exemplary embodiment of an inverter device 1, the shielding units 7, 7a, 7b are not formed integrally with a plate-like body of the cover element 5 and instead by one or more pieces of sheet metal fastened to the body.

[0050] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a vehicle 13 with an exemplary embodiment of a drive device 14. The drive device 14 is configured to drive the vehicle 13 which is, for example, an electric vehicle (BEV) or a hybrid vehicle. The drive device 14 comprises an electrical machine 15 configured to drive the vehicle, and an inverter device 1 according to one of the abovedescribed exemplary embodiments, wherein the inverter device 1 is configured to supply (in this case, by way of example, three-phase) alternating voltage to the electrical machine.