Abstract
The invention relates to a machine that amplifies the drive torque of a moving shaft, which is formed by at least one pair of identical units facing a central shaft, each unit being formed by at least one mechanical actuator (cam), a hydraulic actuator (amplified linear force that provides the application of Pascal's law) and a mechanism comprising a piston, connecting rod and crankshaft. For mechanical considerations, the machine is a two-stroke engine (compression and intake) having at least two opposite horizontal pistons, that is, a 180 V engine.
Claims
1. Machine that amplifies the torque of a rotating shaft characterised in that it comprises: at least one pair of identical units (4) on either side of a crankshaft (1); each unit (4) formed by an outer case (6) and an inner case (9) inside which a plunger (11) moves, a piston (20) that moves inside the inner case (9), a connecting rod (21) that transfers the amplified force of the piston (20) to convert it into torque for the crankshaft (1) that contains at least one elbow for the connecting rods (21) of the pair of units (4) and at least one cam (2), a compression chamber (10), whose walls are formed by a motor block (8), a cylinder head (5), the outer case (6) and the inner case (9), a cylinder head flange (7) that secures the cylinder head (5), a mating flange (23) that secures the pair of units (4) to each other, a roller follower (18) for each cam (2) and at least two rods (24) that attach together to the plungers (11) of the pair of units (4).
2. Machine that amplifies the torque of a rotating shaft according to claim 1, characterised in that the cam (2) is circular and eccentric with respect to the crankshaft (1) in such a way that one section of the surface of the cam which makes contact with the roller follower (18) is tangent to the surface of the crankshaft (1).
3. Machine that amplifies the torque of a rotating shaft according to claim 1, characterised in that its crankshaft (1) receives both external energy in the form of rotary movement and force amplified by the machine itself on its piston (20), which when transferred by the connecting rod (21) converts into amplified torque of the crankshaft (1).
4. Machine that amplifies the torque of a rotating shaft, according to claim 1, characterised in that the plunger (11) of one unit (4) is formed by lateral walls, a plunger cap (12), a plunger bottom (16) and a plunger vessel (15), the plunger cap (12) containing the exact quantity of mini plungers (13) for the mechanical work of these as a set to equal the mechanical work of the piston (20), both performed on the compression chamber (10).
5. Machine that amplifies the torque of a rotating shaft, according to claim 1, characterised in that the crankshaft (1) at its free end of power delivery, attaches to at least one machine identical to that of claim 1, so that the torque that is finally delivered has the value of the torque of the outer rotating shaft multiplied by the amplification factors of all of the machines identical to those of claim 1 attached to said rotating shaft.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0056] In order to easily identify the parts of the proposed invention, each one has been labelled with a number.
[0057] FIG. 1: Provides a view of the horizontal cross-section wherein the crankshaft (1), the eccentric circular cams (2), the bearings (3), the cylinder heads (5), the outer cases (6), the flanges of the cylinder head (7), the motor blocks (8), the inner cases (9), the compression chambers (10), the plungers (11), the plunger caps (12), the mini plungers (13), the openings in the cap (14), the plunger vessels (15), the bases of the plunger (16), the roller follower studs (17), the roller followers (18), the plunger rings (19), the pistons (20), the connecting rods (21), the piston rings (22), the mating flanges (23) and the anchor rods (24) of both units (4) are shown.
[0058] FIG. 2: Provides a view of two partial frontal vertical cross-sections, wherein A provides details of the location of the eccentric circular cam (2) and the plunger (11) at the end of the compression time in one unit (4). B provides details of the location of the piston (20) at the start of the compression time in one unit (4).
[0059] FIG. 3: Provides a profile view of the vertical cross-section, wherein the outer case (6), the lateral walls of the plunger (11), the plunger cap (12), the mini plungers (13), the openings in the cap (14), the inner case (9) and the piston (20) are shown.
[0060] FIG. 4: Provides a view of the horizontal cross-section which details the location of the crankshaft (1), the plungers (11), and the pistons (20) at the start of the recharge time of one of the units (4).
[0061] FIG. 5: Provides a view of the horizontal cross-section wherein the location of the crankshaft (1), the plungers (11) and the pistons (20) during the recharge time of one of the units (4) is shown.
[0062] FIG. 6: Provides a view of the horizontal cross-section wherein the location of the crankshaft (1), the plungers (11) and the pistons (20) at the end of the recharge time of one of the units (4) is shown.
PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
[0063] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, it can be seen that the invention has a crankshaft (1), which is the shaft that receives the force from the outside in the form of rotary movement, and that in addition, it receives the torque that the invention itself amplifies. Two eccentric circular cams (2) are fixed to the crankshaft (1), the perimetral area of the former forming tangency with surface of the latter. On either side of the crankshaft (1), the device has one unit (4), each one being opposite each other in a form of 180-degree V motor, each unit comprising: [0064] A cylinder head (5), a metal cap that encases along with the outer case (6), metal cylinder, the other parts of the unit (4). [0065] A cylinder head flange (7), a metal part which serves as reinforcement for the outer case (6). It is screwed and/or sealed to the outer surface of the outer case (6) at its end near to its cylinder head (5). [0066] A motor block (8), a solid metal part, which is screwed and/or sealed to the inner surface of the outer case (6), and which contains orifices which serve as cylinders in which the mini plungers (13) operate, parts whose function is to generate pressure in the compression chambers (10). [0067] An inner case (9), a metal cylinder, which is screwed and/or welded to the motor block (8) at its inner side and on whose inner surface the pistons work (20). [0068] A compression chamber (10), a space that forms between the cylinder head (5), the end of the outer case (6) near to it, the end of the outer case (9) near to it and by the surface closest to the cylinder head (5) of the piston (20) and which is filled with hydraulic fluid. [0069] A plunger cap (12), which is a metal disc at the end of the plunger (11) that contains the mini plungers (13), small solid metal pistons, which are introduced into the cylinders of the motor block (8) to generate pressure in the hydraulic fluid contained in the compression chamber (10) and openings (14) that serve to allow the hydraulic fluid in the plunger vessel (15) to enter/leave it in order to perform its sealing, lubrication and cooling work. It is screwed and/or sealed to the inner wall of the plunger (11). [0070] A plunger base (16), a metal disc that is screwed and/or sealed to the inner surface of the plunger (11) at the opposite end to the plunger cap (12). On its outer section, two studs (17), metallic parts that are diametrically opposed, are welded, on each of which is placed a roller follower (18) which serves to linearly displace the plunger (11) owing to the action of the eccentric circular cams (2). [0071] Two plunger rings (19) for pressure and lubrication functions that establish contact between the plunger (11) and the inner surface of the outer case (6) and the outer surface of the inner case (9) to maintain the hydraulic fluid pressure of the plunger vessel (15) on the surface of the motor block (8) closest to the plunger (11), as well as to clean the hydraulic fluid that adheres to the surfaces of the outer case (6) and the inner case (9). [0072] A piston (20), a solid metal cylinder, which receives the pressure generated in the compression chamber (10) on its surface closest to its cylinder head (5) and which generates a linear force on it, which moves it away from its cylinder head (5). It moves inside the inner case (9) and makes contact with it through the piston rings (22) that are responsible for maintaining the pressure without any loss on the surface of the piston (20) and for cleaning the hydraulic fluid that adheres to the inner surface of the inner case (9). [0073] A connecting rod (21), a metal part that joins the piston (20) with the crankshaft (1) and that transmits the linear force from the piston (20) thereto, converting it into torque on the crankshaft (1). [0074] A mating flange (23), a cylindrical metal part that reinforces the outer case (6) and that is screwed and/or sealed to the outer surface of the outer case (6) at its end furthest from its cylinder head (5).
[0075] Between the furthest ends of their cylinder heads (5), the plungers (11) are attached to one another by rods (24), metal parts that hold them together so that they work as a desmodromic system so that the compression and recharge times work accurately.
[0076] Since the nature of the invention has been sufficiently described, as well as an example of a preferred embodiment, it is stated for the appropriate purposes, that the materials, shape, size and arrangement of the described parts may be modified, provided that this does not involve any alteration of the essential characteristics of the invention.
