Abstract
A method of subsiding foam undesirably accumulating on a liquid-surface plane of an associated industrial-process liquid includes designating a foam-depletion zone within which the foam is situated. A set of at least two fluid ejectors is arranged above and peripherally of foam within the foam-depletion zone, from each of which fluid ejectors a foam-subsiding fluid can be selectively ejected under pressure in a spray pattern representable by a spray vector. Each fluid ejector is oriented such that the spray vector associated therewith has a non-zero vertical component of spatial extension directed downwardly toward the liquid-surface plane and a non-zero horizontal component of spatial extension directed (a) parallel to the liquid-surface plane and (b) inwardly toward the foam-depletion zone so that, collectively, spray patterns emanating from the fluid ejectors constrain the foam within the foam-depletion zone for sustained impingement and abatement by the spray patterns.
Claims
1. A method of subsiding foam resulting from an industrial process and accumulating on the surface of a liquid associated with that industrial process, the method comprising: designating a foam-depletion zone to which residual foam resulting from the industrial process is directed, the foam-depletion zone having defined in association therewith a depletion-zone perimeter and, inwardly of the depletion-zone perimeter, a depletion-zone center region; providing a set of fluid ejectors including at least first and second fluid ejectors from each of which fluid ejectors a foam-subsiding fluid can be selectively ejected under pressure in a spray pattern that is centered about a spray axis and representable by a spray vector extending along the spray axis; arranging the first and second fluid ejectors above residual foam situated within the bounds of the depletion-zone perimeter and on the surface of the liquid associated with the industrial process; and orienting each of the first and second fluid ejectors such that the spray vector associated therewith has (i) a non-zero vertical component of spatial extension directed perpendicularly to, and downwardly toward, the liquid associated with the industrial process and (ii) a non-zero horizontal component of spatial extension directed (a) parallel to the surface of the liquid associated with the industrial process, (b) inwardly of the depletion-zone perimeter and toward the depletion-zone center region, and (c) in opposition to the non-zero horizontal component of spatial extension associated with the other the first and second fluid ejectors.
2. A method of subsiding foam resulting from an industrial process and accumulating on the surface of an industrial-process liquid associated with that industrial process along a horizontal liquid-surface plane corresponding to the surface of the industrial-process liquid, the method comprising: designating a foam-depletion zone within which residual foam resulting from the industrial process is situated, the foam-depletion zone having defined in association therewith a depletion-zone center region; providing a set of fluid ejectors including a plurality of at least three fluid ejectors from each of which fluid ejectors a foam-subsiding fluid can be selectively ejected under pressure in a spray pattern representable by a spray vector; arranging the fluid ejectors above and peripherally of residual foam situated within the foam-depletion zone and on the surface of the industrial-process liquid; and orienting each of the fluid ejectors such that the spray vector associated therewith has (i) a non-zero vertical component of spatial extension directed perpendicularly to, and downwardly toward, the liquid-surface plane and (ii) a non-zero horizontal component of spatial extension directed (a) parallel to the liquid-surface plane and (b) inwardly toward the depletion-zone center region so as to constrain within the foam-depletion zone, by action of the spray patterns collectively emanating from the fluid ejectors, foam situated within the foam-depletion zone for sustained impingement by the spray patterns collectively emanating from the fluid ejectors.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the residual foam resulting from the industrial process is directed to the foam-depletion zone as part of an overall foam-subsiding method further comprising: establishing a foam-displacement direction and a predominant foam-displacement path along which foam resulting from the industrial process is to be displaced as the foam accumulates on the surface of the industrial-process liquid; providing a set of fluid-spray sources including at least first and second fluid-spray sources from which a foam-subsiding fluid can be selectively ejected under pressure; arranging the fluid-spray sources serially above the surface of the industrial-process liquid, and orienting each fluid-spray source, such that foam-subsiding fluid ejected from each fluid-spray source is sprayed in a spray pattern that is centered about a spray axis and representable by a spray vector extending along the spray axis and having (i) a non-zero component of spatial extension directed perpendicularly to, and downwardly toward, the liquid associated with the industrial process and (ii) a non-zero component of spatial extension directed parallel to the surface of the liquid associated with the industrial process and in the foam-displacement direction, wherein the serial arrangement of the fluid-spray sources defines the predominant foam displacement path; and ejecting foam-subsiding fluid from the fluid-spray sources such that foam impacted by foam-subsiding fluid ejected from the first fluid-spray source is wetted, partially subsided and displaced in the foam-displacement direction toward the spray being ejected from the second fluid-spray source by which the foam is further wetted, subsided and displaced in the foam-displacement direction.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein there is defined at least one foam-depletion zone that is In-line with the predominant foam-displacement path.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein there is furthermore defined at least one foam-depletion zone separately discernable from, and not in-line with, the predominant foam-displacement path.
6. The method of claim 3 wherein there is defined at least one foam-depletion zone separately discernable from, and not in-line with, the predominant foam-displacement path.
7. A method of subsiding, and moving in at least one predetermined direction, foam resulting from an industrial process and accumulating on the surface of an industrial-process liquid associated with that industrial process, the method comprising: establishing a foam-displacement direction and a foam-displacement path along which foam resulting from the industrial process is to be displaced as the foam accumulates on the surface of the industrial-process liquid; providing a set of fluid-spray sources including at least first and second fluid-spray sources from which a foam-subsiding fluid can be selectively ejected under pressure; arranging the fluid-spray sources serially above the surface of the industrial-process liquid, and orienting each fluid-spray source, such that foam-subsiding fluid ejected from each fluid-spray source is sprayed in a spray pattern that is centered about a spray axis and representable by a spray vector extending along the spray axis and having (i) a non-zero component of spatial extension directed perpendicularly to, and downwardly toward, the liquid associated with the industrial process and (ii) a non-zero component of spatial extension directed parallel to the surface of the liquid associated with the industrial process and in the foam-displacement direction, wherein the serial arrangement of the fluid-spray sources defines the foam displacement path; ejecting foam-subsiding fluid from the fluid-spray sources such that foam impacted by foam-subsiding fluid ejected from the first fluid-spray source is wetted, partially subsided and displaced in the foam-displacement direction toward the spray being ejected from the second fluid-spray source by which the foam is further wetted, subsided and displaced in the foam displacement direction; designating a foam-depletion zone to which residual foam resulting from the industrial process and displaced in the foam displacement direction is directed and situated, the foam-depletion zone having defined in association therewith a depletion-zone perimeter and, inwardly of the depletion-zone perimeter, a depletion-zone center region; providing a set of fluid ejectors including at least first and second fluid ejectors from each of which fluid ejectors a foam-subsiding fluid can be selectively ejected under pressure in a spray pattern that is representable by a spray vector; arranging the first and second fluid ejectors above residual foam situated within the bounds of the depletion-zone perimeter and on the surface of the industrial-process liquid; and orienting each of the first and second fluid ejectors such that the spray vector associated therewith has (i) a non-zero vertical component of spatial extension directed perpendicularly to, and downwardly toward, the industrial-process liquid and (ii) a non-zero horizontal component of spatial extension directed (a) parallel to the surface of the industrial-process liquid, (b) inwardly of the depletion-zone perimeter and toward the depletion-zone center region, and (c) in opposition to the non-zero horizontal component of spatial extension associated with the other the first and second fluid ejectors.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein (i) the set of fluid ejectors comprises at least three fluid ejectors arranged peripherally about the foam-depletion zone.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of tank or reservoir containing a liquid associated with an industrial process on the surface of which has accumulated a layer of foam that is being sprayed and displaced from left to right by first and second fluid-spray sources;
[0028] FIG. 2 shows two illustrative fluid-spray sources and their associated spray is patterns: (a) representing a conical spray pattern and (b) representing a flat, relatively planar spray pattern;
[0029] FIG. 3 is a top-down schematic view of a reservoir of liquid having a build-up of foam thereon and of a foam control system including three fluid-spray sources for subsiding and displacing the foam along a non-cyclic foam-displacement path and into a drain that is in fluid communication with the reservoir;
[0030] FIG. 4 is a top-down schematic view of a reservoir of liquid having a build-up of foam thereon and of a foam control system including four fluid-spray sources for subsiding and displacing the foam along a non-cyclic foam-displacement path and into a drain that is in fluid communication with the reservoir;
[0031] FIG. 5 is a top-down schematic view of a foam control system implemented in association with a potato processing facility that includes a potato washing drum partially immersed in a reservoir of water defined by an industrial wash table;
[0032] FIG. 6 is a top-down schematic view of a foam control method employing a cyclic foam-displacement path;
[0033] FIG. 7 is a side-view schematic depicting a foam control system including fluid-spray sources directed in opposition to a foam-displacement direction;
[0034] FIG. 8 shows a top view of a foam abatement system; and
[0035] FIG. 9 is regarded primarily as cross-sectional side view of the foam abatement system of FIG. 8, but is also discussed in the context of alternative configurations.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0036] The following description of variously configured and implemented foam control and foam abatement systems and methods is demonstrative in nature and is not intended to limit the invention or its application of uses. Accordingly, the various implementations, aspects, versions and embodiments described in the summary and detailed description are in the nature of non-limiting examples falling within the scope of the appended claims and do not serve to restrict the maximum scope of the claims.
[0037] Shown in FIGS. 1-6 are various aspects of a foam control system 10 for subsiding and displacing foam 15 resulting from an industrial process and accumulating on an upper surface 22 of a liquid 20 associated with that industrial process. For ease of reference and brevity, the liquid 20 associated with the industrial process is alternatively referred to, interchangeably, as industrial-process liquid 20, with the same reference character 20 being used in association with either textual descriptor for the liquid 20.
[0038] In order to provide an illustrative context and environment in association with which variations of the system 10 may be employed, alternative implementations are described with principal reference to FIGS. 1, 3, 4, and 5, in each of which there is depicted a tank or reservoir 25 for containing the industrial-process liquid 20 As indicated in the summary, the relevant industrial-process liquid 20 may comprise water. In FIG. 1, a schematic side view of an illustrative processing environment is depicted, while FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 provide top-down schematic views of alternatively configured processing environments.
[0039] As illustrated in each of FIGS. 1 and 3-5, implementations of the foam control system 10 and associated method require establishment of a foam-displacement path P.sub.FD along which foam 15 resulting from a relevant industrial process is to be displaced. Also established is a foam-displacement direction D.sub.FD along the foam-displacement path P.sub.FD in which resultant foam 15 is to be displaced as the foam 15 accumulates on the surface 22 of the industrial-process liquid 20. Both the foam-displacement path P.sub.FD and the path direction D.sub.P are indicated by arrows within the relevant drawings. Referring still to FIGS. 1 and 3-5, a set of fluid-spray sources 40 is provided that includes at least first and second fluid-spray sources 40A and 40B, but can include additional fluid-spray sources 40C, 40D, 40E, etc. In each of the drawings, the fluid-spray sources are denoted by reference characters including the same numeric element 40, but are distinguished from each other in that each is denoted, within each drawing, is by a distinct alphabetic element (e.g., A, B, C, etc.). Moreover, when the fluid-spray sources 40 are referred to collectively, or there is otherwise no need to refer to any of them in particular, only the base numeric element is used. Moreover, elements of other aspects of the system 10, such as spray patterns 44, are numbered using a similar alphanumeric convention as indicated.
[0040] The fluid-spray sources 40 are serially arranged above the surface 22 of the industrial-process liquid 20. Each fluid-spray source 40 as the capacity to selectively eject under pressure a foam-subsiding fluid F.sub.FS. Moreover, each fluid-spray source 40 is configured such that foam-subsiding fluid F.sub.FS ejected therefrom is sprayed in a spray pattern 44 that is centered about a spray axis A.sub.S. Illustrative spray patterns 44 are shown in FIG. 2 and discussed below.
[0041] Regardless of its general configuration (e.g., planar or conical), each spray pattern 44 is representable by a spray vector V.sub.S extending along the spray axis A.sub.S about which that spray pattern 44 is centered. As depicted most clearly in the example represented by the schematic side view of FIG. 1, each fluid-spray source 40 is oriented such that its associated spray vector V.sub.S has (i) a non-zero component of spatial extension directed perpendicularly to, and downwardly toward, the industrial-process liquid and (ii) a non-zero component of spatial extension directed parallel to the surface 22 of the industrial-process liquid 20 and in the foam-displacement direction D.sub.FD. In plainer terms, this simply indicates that each fluid-spray source 40 is angularly oriented such that its associated spray vector V.sub.S is neither entirely perpendicular nor entirely parallel to the surface 22 of the industrial-process liquid 20.
[0042] For ease of identification and further discussion, the horizontal component of a spray vector V.sub.S (i.e., the spatial-extent component of non-zero magnitude that is parallel to the surface 22 of the industrial-process liquid 20) is denoted by a dashed arrow labeled with the alphanumeric reference character V.sub.S-X. In keeping with this Cartesian notation convention, the vertical component of a spray vector V.sub.S (i.e., the spatial-extent component of non-zero magnitude that is perpendicular, or orthogonal, to the surface 22 of the industrial-process liquid 20) is denoted by a dashed arrow labeled with the is alphanumeric reference character V.sub.S-Y. Of course, it will be readily appreciated that the ratio V.sub.S-Y/V.sub.S-X is directly related (by the trigonometric function tangent) to the spray-source orientation angle at which the spray vector V.sub.S is pitched relative to horizontal. Nevertheless, the ratio V.sub.S-Y/V.sub.S-X itself is an important factor to conceptualize in relation to the functionality of various implementations and may vary among locations along the foam-displacement path P.sub.FD. Presently, relative to various implementations, it is sufficient to observe in very general terms that, of the two spatial-extent components, the vertical component V.sub.S-Y is principally responsible for subsiding foam 15, while the horizontal component V.sub.S-X is principally responsible for moving the foam 15 along the surface 22 of the industrial-process liquid 20 in the foam-displacement direction D.sub.FD. Accordingly, implementations of the foam control system 10 are most efficient when the ratio V.sub.S-Y/V.sub.S-X is optimized at each fluid-spray source 40 for both the foam-subsiding and foam-displacement factors simultaneously.
[0043] With broader reference once again to FIGS. 1 and 3-5, when an implementation of the foam control system 10 is in use, foam-subsiding fluid F.sub.FS is ejected from the fluid-spray sources 40 such that foam 15 impacted by foam-subsiding fluid F.sub.FS ejected from the first fluid-spray source 40A is wetted, partially subsided and displaced in the foam-displacement direction D.sub.FD toward the spray being ejected from the second fluid-spray source 40B by which the foam 15 is further wetted, subsided and displaced in the foam-displacement direction D.sub.FD. When three or more fluid-spray sources 40 are deployed, foam 15 initially displaced by the first fluid-spray source 40A is displaced toward, under, then through the spray pattern 44 associated with each successive fluid-spray source 40 along the foam-displacement path P.sub.FD, thereby being further wetted, subsided and displaced in the foam-displacement direction D.sub.FD along the foam-displacement path P.sub.FD. From the aforesaid, it will be readily appreciated that the serial arrangement of the fluid-spray sources 40 defines the foam displacement path P.sub.FD and that the volume of the foam 15 is reduced as the foam 15 is displaced along the foam-displacement path P.sub.FD. Implementations of the foam control system 10 treat foam control in a holistic manner, rather than regarding foam control as a localized issue to be treated by selective knock down or chemical treatment as problematic accumulation arises. In implementations of the present system and method, foam 15 is subsided and displaced in a continuous manner along the predefined foam-displacement path P.sub.FD.
[0044] As discussed in the summary, as well as above in the detailed description relative specifically to the spray-source orientation angle and the ratio V.sub.S-Y/V.sub.S-X, the reduction in the volume of foam 15 as the foam 15 is impacted and displaced by foam-subsiding fluid F.sub.FS is a function of one or more alternative factors. In addition to those factors already discussed, foaming conditions of the specific industrial processing setting within which the foam control system 10 and method is implemented determines parameters for each fluid-spray source 40. In addition to the spray-source orientation angle , other important parameters include (i) the height H of each fluid-spray source 40 above the upper surface 22 of the industrial-process fluid 20, (iii) the configuration of the spray pattern 44, (iv) the spray droplet size, and (v) the force with which the spray impacts the foam 15 and the surface 22 of the industrial-process liquid 20. Such parameters are selected with the objective of optimizing foam-condensation efficiency and movement (flow rate) of the condensed foam 15, while minimizing the creation of additional foam 15 due to the spray impact on the surface 22 of the industrial-process liquid 20.
[0045] In various settings, minimizing the spray-source orientation angle works favorably for all desired effects. Lower spray-source orientation angles tend to increase the effective cross-sectional area of the spray pattern 44, especially for full spray patterns (e.g., a filled or full conical spray pattern), thus increasing the area of foam 15 that is impacted for condensation. Moreover, as the spray-source orientation angle is decreased, the forward thrust component of the spray force (i.e., along the V.sub.S-X component of the spray vector V.sub.S) increases, thus facilitating the movement of the condensed foam 15 along the foam-displacement path P.sub.FD.
[0046] In one illustrative implementation, at least the first fluid-spray source 40A ejects a full spray spray pattern 44A. A non-limiting illustrative example of a full spray spray pattern 44 is shown in the left side portion of FIG. 2 designated as (a). In this particular example, the spray pattern 44 has a generally conical configuration. The spray pattern 44 is regarded as full because (i) its interior is occupied by jets or sprays of foam-subsiding fluid F.sub.FS and/or (ii) because it not a flat spray, an example of which is shown in the right side portion of FIG. 2 designated as (b). In contrast, a hollow spray pattern 44 of conical configuration would include jets of foam-subsiding fluid F.sub.FS only at the outside; those necessary to define the cone, while the interior would include no jets of foam-subsiding fluid F.sub.FS, at least not by design. A full spray pattern 44 is a preferable choice for the first fluid-spray source 40A in various implementations because such sprays have a high cross-sectional area (dense with water jets) and, therefore, effectively cover and condense higher-volume dry foam 15 that manifests nearer the beginning of the foam-displacement path P.sub.FD.
[0047] Referring to the right side portion of FIG. 2 designated as (b), a so-called flat spray pattern 44 is shown. Flat spray patterns 44 are more suited for implementation from fluid-spray sources 40 subsequent to the first fluid-spray source 40A. This is because foam 15 arriving toward spray patterns 44 subsequent to that issuing from the first fluid-spray source 40A has already been partially condensed and, therefore, has a reduced volume. Flatter spray patterns 44 can effectively cover the reduced-volume foam 15 and effectively displace it in the foam-displacement direction D.sub.FD since their associated spray vectors V.sub.S can have horizontal components V.sub.S-X much greater in magnitude than their vertical components V.sub.S-Y. Of course, these are provided only as edifying, illustrative examples, and local foaming conditions and structural geometries may be better suited to alternative spray types, locations, and spray-source orientation angles .
[0048] As described in the summary, alternative implementations of a chemical-free foam control system 10 employ non-cyclic and cyclic foam-displacement paths P.sub.FD. Included in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 are schematic depictions of non-cyclic foam-displacement paths P.sub.FD, while FIG. 5 shows a system 10 that can be switch between cyclic and non-cyclic foam-displacement paths P.sub.FD. FIG. 6 is a top-down schematic view of a reservoir 25, fluid-spray sources 40, and spray patterns 44 defining a cyclic foam-displacement path P.sub.FD.
[0049] An aspect common to systems 10 implementing non-cyclic or cyclic foam-displacement paths P.sub.FD is that there is a path start P.sub.S corresponding to a first fluid-spray source 40A and a path end PE corresponding to a last or final fluid-spray source 40. In a non-cyclic implementation, such as those of FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, the path end PE is distinct from the path start P.sub.S, and it will generally be apparent which fluid-spray source 40 is the first and which is the last along the foam-displacement path P.sub.FD. In contrast, a cyclic implementation, such as that depicted in FIG. 6, is one in which foam 15 displaced to the path end PE corresponding to the last fluid-spray source 40 is further displaced by the last fluid-spray source 40 toward the path start P.sub.S corresponding to the first fluid-spray source 40. Because, in a cyclic system 10, the foam-displacement path P.sub.FD is essentially a closed loop, which fluid-spray source 40 is regarded as the first fluid-spray source 40A may be arbitrary. However, once the first fluid-spray source 40A is designated, the last fluid-spray source 40 would typically be regarded as the fluid-spray source 40 immediately behind the fluid-spray source 40 designated as first relative to the foam-displacement direction D.sub.FD.
[0050] Referring again specifically to FIG. 1, a simple foam control system 10 employing only first and second fluid-spray sources 40A and 40B defining a lineal foam-displacement path P.sub.FD is depicted in a side-view schematic. In this example, it can be seen that the first fluid-spray source 40A corresponding to the path start P.sub.S is pitched at a fluid-spray orientation angle and has an associated vertical component V.sub.S-Y sufficiently large for its spray-pattern 44A to wet and subside the build-up of drier and more-highly-stacked foam 15 nearest the path start P.sub.S, while still having a horizontal component V.sub.S-X sufficiently large to displace the partially-subsided foam toward the spray pattern 44B issuing from the second fluid-spray source 40B. The spray pattern 44B associated with the second fluid-spray source 40B further subsides the foam 15 and displaces it toward a drain 50 adjacent the path end PE, and in-line with the foam-displacement path P.sub.FD. Because the foam 15 being impacted by the spray pattern 44B associated with the second fluid-spray source 40B arrives partially subsided, the spray vector V.sub.S associated with the second fluid-spray source 40B has a larger horizontal component V.sub.S-X and smaller vertical component V.sub.S-Y than the spray vector V.sub.S associated with the first fluid-spray source 40A, consistent with the discussion in preceding paragraphs addressing spray patterns 44 and spray-source orientation angles .
[0051] FIGS. 3 and 4 are top-down schematic views of two similar foam control systems 10 in nearly-identical industrial process settings which, like the setting in FIG. 1, include reservoirs 25 for containing industrial-process liquid 20. In each of the cases of FIGS. 3 and 4, the foam-displacement path P.sub.FD defined by the fluid-spray sources 40 is both non-cyclic and non-lineal. Moreover, each includes a drain 50 for receiving industrial-process liquid 20 and any remaining, non-subsided foam 15. However, in contrast to the setting of FIG. 1, the drain 50 in each of FIGS. 3 and 4 is not in-line with the predominant foam-displacement path P.sub.FD. More specifically, after extending in a first lineal directionleft-to-right in each of FIGS. 3 and 4for some distance, the foam-displacement path P.sub.FD is diverted to the left by a third fluid-spray source 40C that is aimed orthogonally to the previous portion of the foam-displacement path P.sub.FD defined by first and second fluid-spray sources 40A and 40B. This diversion in the direction of the foam displacement path P.sub.FD facilitates delivery of subsided foam 15 to the drain 50 situated to the left side of the reservoir 25.
[0052] Referring still to FIGS. 3 and 4, each reservoir 25 includes a dead zone 55 where foam 15 would, under normal conditions, collect and overflow the reservoir 25 in that region. This is a scenario worth addressing because such dead zones 55 are common in existing industrial process settings. To counter the build-up of foam 15 in the dead zone 55, the implementation of FIG. 4 differs from that of FIG. 3 in that the implementation of FIG. 4 further includes a fluid-spray source 40D directed outwardly from the dead zone 55 and toward the fluid-spray source 40C that directs foam 15 into the drain 50.
[0053] FIG. 5 is a top-down schematic view of a foam control system 10 implemented in association with a potato processing facility 100. While extensive detail relative to the potato processing facility 100 is not critical, some detail is warranted for purposes of providing context. The potato processing facility 100 includes a screened, rotatable potato wash drum 110 partially immersed in a reservoir 125 of industrial-process liquid 20. In this setting, the reservoir 125 is a wash tank that is part of an industrial wash table 130, and the industrial-process liquid 20 comprises water. Potato slices (not shown) are fed into the potato wash drum 110, which is partially immersed in the industrial-process liquid 20 below the drum-rotation axis A.sub.DR. As the wash drum 110 rotates, the potato slices are tossed about, churned and washed by the industrial-process liquid 20 (water) in the reservoir 125. Washed potato slices then exit the wash drum 110 from which they are carried up by an inclined conveyor 150 for subsequent processing.
[0054] As with the examples of the previous schematics, the foam control system 10 employs a plurality of fluid-spray sources 40 which, in the present example, are numbered 44A thru 44F using consecutive letters of the alphabet. The system 10 depicted in FIG. 5 can be operated alternatively in a cyclic or non-cyclic fashion, depending on the selective operation and orientation of fluid-spray sources 40E and 40F.
[0055] In either a cyclic or non-noncyclic operative mode, foam 15 (omitted in this drawing for clarity) is moved along the foam-displacement path P.sub.FD from the path start P.sub.S near fluid-spray source 40A toward fluid-spray source 40D. In either case, the foam 15 is moved in a non-lineal way and, in this particular setting, its movement is enhanced by the rotation of the partially-immersed wash drum 110 which, when viewed from the wash-drum input end 112, rotates counter-clockwise, thereby conveying foam 15 sprayed by fluid-spray source 40B on one side of the drum-rotation axis A.sub.DR toward fluid-spray source 40C located on the opposite side of the drum-rotation axis A.sub.DR.
[0056] In order to operate the system 10 of FIG. 5 in a non-cyclic mode, fluid-spray source 40E is oriented so as to direct toward drain 50 foam arriving from the region of fluid-spray source 40D. In this mode, fluid-spray source 40F can either be turned off or it can be directed to spray foam-subsiding fluid F.sub.FS back toward fluid-spray source 40E in much the same manner that fluid-spray source 40D is directed back toward fluid-spray source 40C in FIG. 4. Alternatively, in an illustrative cyclic operative mode, fluid-spray source 40F can be directed to spray foam-subsiding fluid F.sub.FS toward fluid-spray source 40A in order to move any remaining non-subsided foam 15 under the conveyor 150 toward fluid-spray source 40A. Moreover, fluid-spray source 40E can either be turned off or directed to spray foam-subsiding fluid F.sub.FS toward fluid-spray source 40F. In FIG. 5, the illustrative non-cyclic foam-displacement path P.sub.FD is indicated by solid-line arrows, while the alternative cyclic foam-displacement path P.sub.FD is indicated by a combination of solid-line arrows where the paths are the same and dashed-outline arrows where the cyclic path deviates from the non-cyclic foam-displacement path P.sub.FD. Additionally, the spray vectors V.sub.S associated with fluid-spray sources 40E and 40F for the cyclic scenario are indicated in dashed-line arrows.
[0057] FIG. 6 is a top-down schematic showing a foam control system 10 and associated method employing a cyclic foam-displacement path P.sub.FD. FIG. 6 schematically represents one mode in which the foam control system 10 of FIG. 5 can operate, but such a cyclic system can also be employed outside of the processing line. For instance, foam 15 exiting a processing area through drains 50 such as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 3-5 could be channeled to a tank (not shown) in which a cyclic foam-displacement path P.sub.FD is configured to further subside foam 15 after its removal from the in-line industrial-processing area, and before it is permitted to drain out into a central drainage system, such as public works. Elements of the system 10, even those not specifically discussed in this paragraph (e.g. fluid-spray sources 40), are numbered in a manner consistent with the previous numbering convention used throughout the detailed description.
[0058] While illustrative implementations discussed above focused principally on scenarios in which the horizontal component V.sub.S-X of each spray vector V.sub.S is directed in the foam-displacement direction F.sub.FD, there are within the scope and contemplation of the invention alternative versions in which the V.sub.S-X component of each spray vector V.sub.S is directed in opposition to the foam-displacement direction D.sub.FD. For instance, shown in FIG. 7 is a case in which the industrial-process liquid 20 is itself being moved by a force other than that incidentally imparted by the foam-subsiding fluid F.sub.FS, the moving industrial-process liquid 20 may carry the foam 15 along the foam-displacement path P.sub.FD and in the foam-displacement direction D.sub.FD. Such other forces might include gravity or impellors or fluid-moving jets under the surface 22 of the industrial-process liquid 20. In such cases, the serially arranged fluid-spray sources 40 still subside the foam 15 in a sequential manner, but the horizontal components V.sub.S-X of their spray vectors V.sub.S are not responsible for moving the foam 15 along the oppositely-directed foam-displacement direction D.sub.FD. Instead, each successive fluid-spray source 40 along the foam-displacement path P.sub.FD partially subsides the foam 15 which foam 15 is carried by the flowing industrial-process liquid 20 toward the next successive fluid-spray source 40 that is spraying in a direction opposed to the flow of the industrial-process liquid 20. While systems that eject foam-subsiding fluid F.sub.FS in opposition to the flow of the industrial-process liquid 20 are envisioned as a special case, a setting in which such a system might be used is one in which the industrial-process liquid 20 is being drawn by gravity down an inclined flume (not shown) and the movement of the industrial-process liquid 20 is sufficiently energetic to carry with it the successively-subsiding foam 15 in opposition to the sprays of foam-subsiding fluid F.sub.FS issuing from the fluid-spray sources 40.
[0059] To this point, the detailed description has addressed foam control systems 10 in which foam 15 is moved along a foam-displacement path P.sub.FD with an intentional non-zero net velocity relative to the underlying industrial-process liquid 20 on which the foam 15 is accumulating and floating. Attention is now turned to the alternative, and conceptually distinct, methods in which foam is trapped and subsided by continuous impingement by sprayed foam-subsiding fluid F.sub.FS within a foam-depletion zone configured to minimize the net velocity of foam 15 relative to the underlying industrial-process liquid 20. However, because it is envisioned that both system types will be used in conjunction with one another, the latter type of system is described with initial reference to a schematic in which both systems are illustrated.
[0060] The schematic top-down view representation of FIG. 8 is very similar to that of FIG. 3. Accordingly, all of the reference numbers pertaining to the system of the 779 patent are retained and refer to the like elements, as are the reference numbers referring to environmental aspects, such as the foam 15 and the industrial-process liquid 20. Moreover, in order to facilitate conceptual clarity between the previous system and method of the 779 patent and the system and method of the present application, it is noted that in referencing components illustrative of the previous foam control system reference numbers lower than 100 were used. In connection with an illustrative environment comprising a potato washing facility 100, reference numbers in the low 100s were used. For components illustrative of the present system, reference numbers of 200 and greater are employed. Moreover, for purposes of the differentiation in the detailed description, the system of the '779 patent is referred to as foam control system 10, while the present system is referred to as foam abatement system 210.
[0061] A principal difference between FIG. 3 and FIG. 8 is that, while in FIG. 3 residual foam 15 is being directed to a drain 50, in FIG. 8 the residual foam 15 is being directed through a connecting channel 205 to a foam abatement system 210 illustrative of the present invention. The foam abatement system 210 includes a tank or reservoir 225 for containing industrial-process liquid 20. In alternative implementations, the upper surface 22 of industrial-process liquid 20 contained by the reservoir 225 of the foam abatement system 210 may be at the same elevation as the upper surface 22 of industrial-process liquid 20 contained by the reservoir 25 of the foam control system 10. Alternatively, the upper surface 22 of industrial-process liquid 20 in the reservoir 225 may be at an elevation lower than the upper surface 22 of industrial-process liquid 20 contained by the reservoir 225, with there being a drop location 207 between the two systems 10 and 210 within and by which foam 15 and industrial-process liquid 20 cascades under the force of gravity G from reservoir 25 to reservoir 225. In one example, the connecting channel 205 may be downwardly sloped to serve as a drop location 207 and achieve the cascade, an alternative scenario indicated in FIG. 8. In other cases, there may be a stepped drop location 207 between one or both of (i) the reservoir 25 and the connecting channel 205 and (ii) the connecting channel 205 and the reservoir 225.
[0062] Regardless of any elevational disparity between the upper surface 22 of the industrial-process liquid 20 in the reservoirs 25 and 225, as residual foam 15 is delivered to the foam abatement system 210, it accumulates on the upper surface 22 of the industrial-process liquid 20 along a horizontal liquid-surface plane P.sub.LS corresponding to the upper surface 22. Implementations of the method include designating a foam-depletion zone 230 within which residual foam 15 resulting from the industrial process is situated. In various implementations, the foam-depletion zone 230 has defined in association therewith a depletion-zone perimeter 232 and, inwardly of the depletion-zone perimeter 232, a depletion-zone center region 234 that, in various implementations, includes a geometric center 235 of the foam-depletion zone 230. In this particular case, the depletion-zone perimeter 232 coincides with the single tank-side wall 226 of the illustrative reservoir 225 depicted.
[0063] A set of fluid ejectors 240 is provided that, at least in their individual configurations, but not in their mutual arrangement and alignment, may generally correspond to the fluid-spray sources 40 associated with the foam control system 10. In the non-limiting illustrative case of FIG. 8, the fluid ejectors 240 include fluid ejectors 240A, 240B, 240C, and 240D. In each of the drawings, the fluid ejectors are denoted by reference characters including the same numeric element 240, but are distinguished from each other in that each is denoted, within each drawing, by a distinct alphabetic element (e.g., A, B, C, etc.). Moreover, when the fluid ejectors 240 are referred to collectively, or there is otherwise no need to refer to any of them in particular, only the base numeric element is used. Moreover, elements of other aspects of the system 210, such as spray patterns 244, are numbered using a similar alphanumeric convention as indicated.
[0064] As with the fluid-spray sources 40, each fluid ejector 240 is configured to selectively eject a foam-subsiding fluid F.sub.FS under pressure in a spray pattern 244 that is representable by a spray vector V.sub.S. Moreover, the spray pattern 244 is typically centered about a spray axis A.sub.S along which the spray vector V.sub.S extends. The full discussion of the spray vectors V.sub.S associated with the fluid-spray sources 40, and the spray patterns 44 emitted therefrom, applies with equal validity to the nature of the spray vectors V.sub.S associated with the fluid ejectors 240, and the spray patterns 244, emitted therefrom. Accordingly, further discussion of same is omitted for purposes of efficiency and brevity.
[0065] With reference to FIG. 8, as well as the cross-sectional/side view of FIG. 9 showing fluid ejectors 240B and 240D of FIG. 8, the fluid ejectors 240 are peripherally disposed above the liquid-surface plane P.sub.LS and, in the case of FIG. 8, about the depletion-zone perimeter 232. In this way, the fluid ejectors 240 are at a higher elevation than residual foam 15 that is situated within the bounds of the depletion-zone perimeter 232 and on the upper surface 22 of the industrial-process liquid 20.
[0066] In addition to their peripheral disposition, and as seen perhaps best in FIG. 9, the fluid ejectors 240 are mutually arranged so that they are inwardly and downwardly directed toward the depletion-zone center region 234. Illustratively, each of the fluid ejectors 240 is oriented such that the spray vector V.sub.S associated therewith has (i) a non-zero vertical component V.sub.S-Y of spatial extension directed perpendicularly to, and downwardly toward, the liquid-surface plane P.sub.LS and (ii) a non-zero horizontal component V.sub.S-X of spatial extension directed parallel to the liquid-surface plane P.sub.LS. Additionally, the non-zero horizontal component V.sub.S-X of each spray vector V.sub.S is directed inwardly of the depletion-zone perimeter 232 and toward the depletion-zone center region 234. By these orientations of their corresponding spray vectors V.sub.S, the spray patterns 224 collectively constrain within the foam-depletion zone 230 and, more particularly, within the depletion-zone center region 234, foam 15 situated within the foam-depletion zone 230 for sustained impingement by the spray patterns 244.
[0067] In the example of FIG. 8, the foam-abatement system 210 is separately discernable from the foam control systems 10 in which foam 15 is moved along a foam-displacement path P.sub.FD in the sense that the foam abatement system 210 of FIG. 8 includes a separate reservoir 225, not in-line with the foam control system 10 and the predominant foam-displacement path P.sub.FD, defined thereby, to which residual foam 15 accumulated within the main-line foam control system 10 is diverted for abatement. However, it is to be understood that within the contemplation of the invention as captured within the scope of at least some of the claims, are implementations in which the foam abatement system 210 is in-line with a foam control system 10. For example, along the foam-displacement path P.sub.FD defined by fluid-spray sources 40, there could be defined or designated one or more foam-depletion zones 230 within which residual foam 15 resulting from the industrial process is situated.
[0068] In one such arrangement, fluid ejectors 240 disposed in mutual opposition, and peripherally of the foam-displacement path P.sub.FD defined by fluid-spray sources 40, eject foam-subsiding fluid F.sub.FS perpendicularly to the foam-displacement path P.sub.FD toward the center of the foam-displacement path P.sub.FD. In such a case, the depletion-zone center region 234 would be toward the center of the foam-displacement path P.sub.FD. While FIG. 9 was originally introduced as a cross-sectional/side view of FIG. 9 showing fluid ejectors 240B and 240D of FIG. 8, the arrangement presently under discussion can be explained and conceptualized with reference to FIG. 9, thereby obviating the need for a separate drawing. An in-line foam-depletion zone 230 can be envisioned with reference to FIG. 9 by imagining the view of FIG. 9 as a cross-sectional view taken across, for example, the reservoir 25 and foam-displacement path P.sub.FD shown in FIG. 3, 4, or even 8, for example. More specifically, if FIG. 9 is envisioned as a cross-sectional view taken perpendicular to the foam-displacement path P.sub.FD, with the flow direction being into or out of the drawing sheet, then fluid ejectors 240B and 240D are adequately illustrative of a foam-depletion zone 230 in-line with the predominant foam-displacement path P.sub.FD, with the fluid ejectors 240 disposed in mutual opposition and peripherally of the foam-depletion zone 230. Moreover, they are ejecting spray patterns 244B and 244D depletion-zone center region 234 which, it can be readily appreciated, would be toward the center of the foam-displacement path P.sub.FD.
[0069] The foregoing is considered to be illustrative of the principles of the invention. Furthermore, since modifications and changes to various aspects and implementations will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention, it is to be understood that the foregoing does not limit the invention as expressed in the appended claims to the exact constructions, implementations and versions shown and described.
