Device for guiding liquid and production method

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for guiding liquid, in particular a drainage channel, comprising a guiding section (10) and at least one functional region (11), wherein the guiding section (10) is formed of concrete, which has a binder and a filler having a first grain size K.sub.1, wherein the functional region (11) is formed at least partially of a filled reaction resin, which has a filler having a second grain size K.sub.2, wherein K.sub.2<K.sub.1.

Claims

1. A drainage channel for guiding liquid, the drainage channel comprising a guiding section (10) for guiding the liquid and functional region (11), the functional region (11) bonded on an end of the guiding section (10), wherein the guiding section (10) is made from concrete that contains a binding agent and a filler with a first grain size K.sub.1, and wherein the functional region (11) is made at least partially from a reactive resin with a filler with a second grain size K.sub.2, wherein K.sub.2<K.sub.1.

2. The drainage channel according to claim 1, wherein the second grain size K.sub.2 is at most 1 mm, wherein grain size is determined by a test following standard EN ISO 1524.

3. The drainage channel according to claim 1, wherein the functional region (11) has a surface roughness k [mm] of 0.02 to 0.05.

4. The drainage channel according to claim 1, wherein the concrete is a polymer concrete.

5. The drainage channel according to claim 4, wherein the binding agent of the concrete and the reactive resin consist of the same thermoset resin.

6. The drainage channel according to claim 4, wherein the concrete is provided with a binding agent proportion H.sub.1 and the reactive resin is provided with a binding agent proportion H.sub.2, wherein H.sub.2>H.sub.1.

7. The drainage channel according to claim 6, wherein the binding agent proportion H.sub.2 is greater than 20% by weight.

8. The drainage channel according to claim 4, wherein the guiding section (10) and the functional region (11) are firmly bonded.

9. The drainage channel according to claim 8, wherein the functional region (11) forms a layer of the reactive resin with filler, disposed on the guiding section (10) made from concrete.

10. The drainage channel according to claim 9, wherein the thickness of the layer of the reactive resin with filler is less than 2 mm.

11. The drainage channel according to claim 8, wherein the functional region (11) is a molded part (12) made from the reactive resin with filler, the cross-sectional shape of the molded part (12) conforms to the cross-sectional shape of the guiding section (10) made from concrete, wherein the molded part (12) and the guiding section (10) are in alignment.

12. The drainage channel according to claim 1, wherein the functional region (11) forms a seal for joining the guiding section (10) to further channel element.

13. A method for the production of the drainage channel for guiding liquid according to claim 1, in which the reactive resin with filler in the form of a paste is applied to the guiding section (10) made from concrete to form the functional region (11) and then the paste is cured.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The invention will now be explained in greater detail by way of the drawings. Shown are in:

(2) FIG. 1 the end face of a drainage channel with a groove for retaining the seal (prior art);

(3) FIG. 2 the end face of a drainage channel made from polymer concrete with a functional region made from a reactive resin with filler;

(4) FIG. 3 the end face of a drainage channel with a functional region that finishes flush; and

(5) FIG. 4 the end face of a further drainage channel with a modified cross-sectional profile in which the functional region finishes flush with the guiding section.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(6) FIG. 1 clearly depicts the pores or cavities that occur in the bottom section of the seal in the manufacture according to the prior art. The flaws have a negative effect on the tightness in the transition joint between the different channel sections.

(7) FIG. 2 depicts an example according to the invention for a drainage channel with a guiding section 10 and a functional region 11. The guiding section 10 in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 is the channel section through which the liquid, in particular water, flows when in use. The functional region 11 is located at the end of the drainage channel and acts as a seal. Drainage channels of this kind are used, for example, to drain surface water from roads.

(8) The invention is not limited to drainage channels but may be applied to other devices for guiding liquid in which local functional regions with optimized characteristics, such as well-sealing joint sections, are to be provided.

(9) The guiding section 10 according to FIG. 2 is made from polymer concrete. It is possible to use cement-based concrete instead of polymer concrete. As is well known, the polymer concrete is comprised of a binding agent, for example a polyester resin, and filler with a first grain size K.sub.1. For the manufacture of the functional region 11 a reactive resin with filler is used, which comprises a binding agent, for example a thermoset resin and filler, the grain size K.sub.2 of which is smaller than the grain size K.sub.1 of the polymer concrete in the guiding section 10. Specifically, a reactive resin with filler is used for the functional region 11 so that the functional region 11 forms a particularly smooth surface with fewer pores, in particular a surface without pores. The use of the reactive resin as material for the functional region makes different adaptations possible, for example color-related or geometrical adaptations, as is depicted in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 the functional region 11 is distinguished in color.

(10) Generally speaking, through the use of the reactive resin with filler for the functional region 11 in conjunction with the guiding section 10 made from polymer concrete, a hybrid material is provided, the characteristics of which may be optimized on site through adaptation of the composition of the reactive resin. This may not only improve the tightness of the functional region but also its strength characteristics and its sensitivity to impact, that is, the brittleness of it. Nevertheless, the most important aspect in view of the tightness is a reduction in the number of pores and reduced roughness.

(11) In FIGS. 2-4 the functional region 11 is a molded part, which is firmly bonded to the guiding section 10. This may be formed, for example, through adhesive bonding or, if the binding agent of the polymer concrete corresponds with the reactive resin in the functional region, as a monolithic connection. In the latter instance the functional region differs from the guiding section mainly in the grain size of the fillers, which in the functional region is smaller than in the guiding section.

(12) Instead of using a molded part, the functional region may be in form of a layer, which is applied and firmly bonded to the concrete of the guiding section.

(13) Channel assemblies, formed from drainage channels according to FIGS. 2-4, have the advantage that the transition section between the channels is fluid-impermeable. This is achieved through the smooth (dense) surface in the section channel seal channel.

(14) To be able to form such smooth surfaces also in channels made from a coarser material such as concrete or polymer concrete, when assembling these functional regions 11 an additional material in form of a paste is disposed in the channel. This material has a consistency that differs from the polymer concrete. The characteristics of the pasty material mix as a further material component may be adapted to the requirements in this functional region depending on the kind and quantity of the filler as well as the choice of grain size. Tightness in particular is of importance in the transition area between the channels. As a result a smooth surface free of pores in this area is of particular interest. Nevertheless, improved strength characteristics as well as low impact sensitivity (brittleness) are also desirable. In essence, the paste may be applied to all areas of the channel at which it is necessary to change the material characteristics, in particular concerning porosity, roughness and strength or to adapt them to particular functions.

(15) A material mix is used in the functional region 11, which has a high, very fine filler content as well as well as higher resin content compared to the usual polymer concrete. Thermoset resins are used as binding agents. This has the advantage that the component that consists of the additional material binds with the polymer concrete, which is also thermoset, for example during the manufacturing process of the channel. No additional adhesive is required.

(16) Even when using the paste-like material mix as an adhesive between two thermoset resin concrete parts, it is able to establish a friction-locked connection.

(17) It is also conceivable to adhesively attach or cast-in retrospectively the additional material component into the end face of the channel to form the functional region as a prefabricated molded part.

(18) In order to adapt the additional material component in terms of color to the polymer concrete used, corresponding coloring substances/pigments may be added to the paste-like material mix (see FIGS. 2, 3).

(19) Compared to polymer concrete, said paste-like material characteristic is vastly superior in many ways and is to be regarded to be of higher quality compared to polymer concrete. Especially with regard to mechanical loading, the application of material mixes (paste) has significant advantages compared to polymer concrete, in particular concerning durability. Compared to polymer concrete, paste-like material mixes have virtually no porosity even after curing, and thus have no capacity to absorb water. This makes it absolutely impervious to, for example, frost and de-icing salt conditions.

(20) The material mix has the following material characteristics.

(21) Bending Strength

(22) The bending strength of the cured and originally pasty material mix is between 10 and 60 N/mm.sup.2 and is therefore considered to be in the region of ultra-high strength material compositions. Thus the material mix, which is generally between 18 and 28 N/mm.sup.2, has generally a bending strength that is three times higher and is therefore significantly stronger than polymer concrete. One particular advantage of such a high material strength lies, moreover, in the fact that it is possible to achieve a low sensitivity of the polymer concrete with regard to shock and impact loads through setting a relatively low elasticity modulus. This results at the same time in a high resistance to alternating or oscillating loads (fatigue strength) as well as a high abrasive resistance on surfaces of material mixes, so-called paste components.

(23) High Early Strength (Even at Low Temperatures)

(24) Due to the curing mechanism the final strength of material mixes (paste) is already achieved in less than 10 minutes. This constitutes an enormous advantage compared to polymer concrete since even composite early high-strength polymer concrete is unable to achieve this time.

(25) Chemical Resistance

(26) The material mix is resistant in that medium that complies with the polymer concrete specifications according to the ACO polymer concrete chemical resistance chart issue January 2012. An exchange of the resin matrix of the material mix for a higher-order and chemically resistant resin type is possible at any time.

(27) Low Propensity to Shrinkage Cracking

(28) Material mixes tend towards higher early stage shrinkage than polymer concrete. However; since the final strength is already achieved very early and the curing process is fully completed, there is then virtually no danger of surface cracking at an early age.

(29) In addition, the high bending tensile strength and the possibility of adapting the elasticity modulus in a certain range to the application reduce the danger of cracking when installed. Even if cracks occur, the dense binding agent matrix in combination with the high strength largely prevents any damage from extending further.

(30) High Density

(31) Since material mixes (pastes) are practically non-porous, there is no inclination to absorb liquid. Material mixes (pastes) are thus deemed to be absolutely leak-proof. This results in further positive characteristics. They are resistant to chemically aggressive environments and they easily resist frost conditions as well as frost/de-icing salt conditions; in this respect they are therefore ideally suited to applications under permanent stress.

(32) Sedimentation Stability

(33) Excellent sedimentation stability is achieved due to the high viscosity of the system.

(34) Waste Disposal

(35) Since the polymerizates of styrene are groundwater-neutral, waste residues of the polymerization product may be disposed of as domestic waste. With regard to environmental pollution there is no reason why it should not be recycled as aggregate or granulate respectively.

(36) Hazard caused by respirable fibers during milling and drilling work can be excluded with material mixes (paste) since there are no reinforcing fibers present. With residual styrene content at the specified values and a concentration gradient in the wall section there is no possibility of a contamination of the ground water through surface contact with the channel wall.

(37) Recycling

(38) Recycling of the cured composite material (material mix and polymer concrete) as dry substitute is possible without environmental impact.

(39) Excellent Durability

(40) The above-described material characteristics of the material mix (paste) are pivotal for the fact that they can be considered durable for a broad application spectrum. It has advantages compared to polymer concrete mainly due to its tightness.

(41) A replacement of the binding agent (resin) in the material mix (paste) for a higher-quality type that is resistant to chemicals is possible at any time. This has no negative effect on the mechanical characteristics.

(42) Material Characteristics

(43) 2K reactive resin molding material with filler consisting of a binding agent based on UP resin (reactive resin), catalyst (curing agent) and mineral fillers, in particular meal and very fine fillers (proportion of solids >50%).

(44) The material mix consists of reactive resin molding material with filler following DIN EN 18820 Part 1 (Revision 1 July 2015).

(45) TABLE-US-00001 Type of test Test results Density >1.2 g/mL Chemical resistance According to ACO polymer concrete resistance chart issue January 2012 corresponding to (pH 1-pH 12) Elastic modulus >12000 N/mm.sup.2 Pull-out strength >4 N/mm.sup.2 Bending tensile strength >10 N/mm.sup.2 Compressive strength >50 N/mm.sup.2 Shear strength >4 N/mm.sup.2 Abrasion resistance <5 mm Resistance to high- At least 120 bar pressure flushing Environmental According to KTW recom- sustainability mendations category C Waste disposal and Current guidelines recyclability