BONE IMPLANT

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of medicine and medical technology, namely to bone implants, and can be used in surgery, orthopedics, dentistry. Bone implants made of dense tough fibrous or fine-crystal silicate mineral aggregate or rock, jade, have high strength, resistance to crack formation, biological compatibility and the ability to integrate into bone tissue. The technical resultexpanding the field of medical devices for implantation into bone tissue.

Claims

1. Bone implant, characterized in that the implant or at least a part of the implant is manufactured from jadedense, tough, capable of osseointegration silicate mineral aggregate or rock with tangled-fibrous or fine-crystalline structure.

2. Bone implant of claim 1, wherein the jade is selected from the group including mineral aggregates and rocks: jadeite jade, nephrite jade, xonothlite jade, vezuvianite jade, pectolite jade, bowenite jade, hydrogrossular jade.

3. Bone implant of claim 1, wherein the implant is selected from the group including implants for replacement of bone tissue, volume fillers in granular form for inclusion in the composition for filling of bone tissue defects, wedge-shaped bone implants, bone screws, implants for bone fusion, fixing pins implant or fixing pins for implants, implants for cranial reconstruction, hip joint implants, knee joint implants, brachial joint implants, elbow joint implants, wrist joint implants, ankle joint implants, subtalar joint implants, metatarsal joint implants, fingers joints implants, or, as a whole, joints implants, spinal implants, implants of radial bone, thumb implants, implants for osteotomy.

4. Bone implant of claim 1, wherein the implant is selected from the group consisting of osseointegratable transcutaneous implants (endo exo prosthesis) including endo exo prosthesis of leg, endo exo prosthesis of hand, endo exo prosthesis of finger, endo exo prosthesis for cosmetic surgery.

5. Bone implant of claim 1, wherein the implant or part thereof is selected from the group consisting of dental articles: dental implants, dental abutments, dental implants with integrated abutment, dental crowns, dental implants with integrated abutment and crown, dental beams, dental inserts, dental pins.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0029] An exemplary and non-exhaustive list of jade implants according to the present invention comprises implants for replacement of bone tissue, volumetric bulk fillers in granular form for inclusion in the composition for filling bone tissue defects, bone screws, implants for bone fusion, fixing pins implants or pins for implants, implants for cranial reconstruction, orthopedic implants, transdermal osseointegrated implants, dental implants.

[0030] For orthopedic implants, the high strength of jade is of particular importance, which allows their use in implants in joints and heavy duty parts of endoprostheses. The group of orthopedic implants includes implants of hip joint, implants of knee joint, implants of shoulder joint, implants of elbow joint, implants of wrist joint, implants of ankle joint, implants of subtalar joint, implants of metatarsal joint, implants of joints of fingers, or in general, implants of joints, implants of spinal column, including implants of vertebra and implants of intervertebral disk, implants of head of radial bone, thumb implants, implants for osteotomy (high tibia osteotomy). Particularly preferred orthopedic implants are implants of joints, in particular, implant of hip joint and implant of knee joint. Implant of hip joint may be prosthesis of head and prosthesis of diaphysis (stem of endoprosthesis or diaphysis of femur) and cotyloid cavity prosthesis. The knee joint implant can include tibial and femoral components of the knee joint.

[0031] The next group of jade implants according to the present invention are transcutaneous osseointegrated implants (endoexoprostheses) which are integrated in the bone of the distal part of the joint on the one side, extra-bone part of the implant extends beyond the body through the tissues and the patient's skin, and the external part of the implant is used for fixation of external exoprotheses. For endoprostheses as well as for orthopedic implants the high strength of jade implants is highly valuable. A significant advantage for the endoexoprostheses made of jade can be the low electrochomic activity and the insulating properties of such implants. Group of percutaneous osteointegrated implants includes endoprothesis for legs, endoexoprostheses for hands, endoexoprostheses for fingers, endoexoprostheses for cosmetic surgery.

[0032] The group of dental implants includes the dental implant itself (spiral, cylindrical, conical or lamellar shape), dental abutment, dental implant with integrated abutment, dental crown, dental implant with integrated abutment and crown, dental beam, dental insert, dental pin.

[0033] Structure and color of implant body are extremely important for smile zone dental implants. It should be noted that the color of jade implants according to the invention may vary significantly depending on the composition of jade, its formation conditions, its source. Classic jade usually has green tones but it can be almost any color. White jades are also common, and is often valued more than green. Natural white jade, which has the color of mutton fat, is well known and has a high cost in some countries. It is widely used in the production of high-end jewelry. In nature there exist also white jadeite, xonothlite, vesuvianite, bowenite and pectolite jades. Synthetic jades can also be of any color, including white.

[0034] Jade dental implant may be helical, cylindrical, conical, or plate-like shape, demountable or combined with an abutment. In the detachable implant the anchoring of the dental abutment to the dental implant root is often carried out by means of an internal screw. The dielectric and mechanical properties of jade implant can provide electrochemical isolation of the internal fastening screw from biological fluids of the body. This insulation allows the use of screws of different materials, not only titanium, but also made from steel or other alloys for fastening parts of demountable dental implant. Other dental jade products such as dental crown, dental insert, dental pin can also get the benefits of osseointegration with the bone tissue of the tooth or jaw. Dental root implant, abutment and the crown can also be made of white jade to match to the patient's teeth tone. The consumer characteristics of white jade implants for the smile area, in particular cosmetic, exceed the consumer characteristics of metallic implants.

[0035] A preferred dental implant is an osseointegrated beam made from a greasum for attachment to the alveolar process. The shape and dimensions of the beam are selected under the patient, a platform is made on the alveolar process to contact the beam with the bone tissue, a recess corresponding to the shape of the lower part of the beam can be made. The beam, in which there are openings for fastening, can be fixed to the bone through the provided holes with the help of a prepared set of one or several screw endoosseous implants or bone screws. The resulting osteointegration leads to subperirest or endoosseous-subperiosteal implantation of combined beam complex and screw implant or bone screw. The combined implant is securely attached to the alveolar process and the bone plastic can be minimized. This implant is used as a base for fastening dental prostheses and uniformly distributes the chewing load to the area of contact of the beam with the bone. Application of such constructions is justified for the case of implantation in the molar area, or for the case of 3 or 4 bone tissue, or for the case of insufficient for endoosseous implantation of the volume of the alveolar process. A preferred dental implant is an osseointegratable jade beam properly adjusted for attachment to the alveolar bone. The shape and size of the beam may be chosen individually for the patient, the alveolar bone may be prepared for the area of contact of the bone tissue with the beam, shape adjustments of the bone may be made corresponding to the shape of the bottom of the beam. The beam framework, which have holes for fastening, can be fastened to the bone through the holes provided with the prepared set of one or more endosseous implants or bone screws. Osseointegration of the beam leads to complex subperiosteal or endosseous-subperiosteal implant combining integrated beam and helical implant or a bone screw. Thus a combined implant is securely fixed on the alveolar bone and bone grafting can be minimized. This implant may be further used as a base for fixing dental prostheses, chewing evenly distributes the load on the area of contact of beam with jaw bone. The use of such structures is justified for the case of implantation in the molar region, or in the case of bone type 3 or 4, or in the case of an insufficient volume of alveolar bone for endosseous implantation.

[0036] A particularly preferred dental implant is dental implant with integrated abutment which can be applied in one-step protocol implantation. Crown may be fixed immediately after implantation or after the successful healing of the implant. The use of an implant with an integrated abutment increases the convenience for the doctor and the reliability of the prosthesis for the patient. A further simplification of the implant design is a one-piece artificial tooth made of white jade, where the endosseous implant, abutment and dental crown are combined into a single medical device. Such an implant can be a standard size product, can be further adjusted locally or it can be made individually for a particular patient.

EXAMPLES

Example 1. Granules of Filler for Osteoplasty Manufactured from Pectolyte Jade, Also Known as Alaska Jade

[0037] The granules are sterilized, mixed with autologous bone chips, implanted as a filler into the bone tissue defect according to the agreed protocol.

Example 2. The Intervertebral Disc Implant is made of Vesuvianite, Also Known as California Jade

[0038] It is manufactured according to the required shape and size, sterilized, implanted according to the agreed protocol.

Example 3. Implant for Cranial Reconstruction Manufactured from Bowenite, Also Known as New Jade

[0039] It is manufactured according to required shape and size using CAD/CAM technology, sterilized, implanted according to the agreed protocol.

Example 4: Endoprosthesis of Cotyloid Cavity of Hip Joint Manufactured from Nephrite Jade

[0040] It is manufactured according to the required shape and size, sterilized, implanted according to agreed protocol.

Example 5. Integral Head and Stem of Hip Joint Endoprosthesis Manufactured from Jadeite Jade

[0041] It is manufactured according to the required shape and size, sterilized, implanted according to the agreed protocol.

Example 6. Femoral Component of Knee Joint Endoprosthesis Manufactured from Xonothlite Jade

[0042] It is manufactured according to the required shape and size, sterilized, implanted according to the agreed protocol.

Example 7. Helical Subgingival Endoosseous Dental Implant Manufactured from Hydroglossular, Also Known as Transvaal Jade

[0043] It is manufactured according to the required shape and size, sterilized, implanted according to agreed protocol.

[0044] Implant is used as an artificial tooth root for implantation into the alveolar process according to 2-step protocol.

Example 8. Dental Screw Endoosseous Implant with an Integrated Abutment Manufactured from White Nephrite

[0045] It is manufactured according to the required shape and size, sterilized, implanted into the smile zone according to 1-step protocal.

Example 9. Single-Block Artificial Tooth, in which the Endoosseous Screw Implant, Abutment, and Tooth Crown are Combined

[0046] It is manufactured according to the required shape and size from white nephrite, sterilized, implanted into the smile zone according to 1-step protocal.

[0047] The crown is adjusted in place.

Example 10. An Osseointegratable Beam of White Xonothlite

[0048] It is manufactured according to the required shape and size using CAD/CAM technology.

[0049] The beam is fixed to the alveolar bone through holes in the beam using a xonothlite screw implant.

[0050] The beam is fixed to a groove in the bone tissue, which has been prepared according to the shape of the lower part of the beam.

[0051] The beam compensates for the lack of bone tissue in the smile zone, serves as the basis for dentures.

[0052] Bone implants made of jade, can be applied in the areas of medicine, like surgery, orthopedics, traumatology, stomatology.

CITATION LIST

Patent Literature

[0053] Heimke 1975 U.S. Pat. No. 3,919,723

[0054] Hirabayashi 1978 U.S. Pat. No. 4,122,605

[0055] Hench 1979 U.S. Pat. No. 4,171,544

[0056] Barrett 1980 U.S. Pat. No. 4,189,325

[0057] Yoshida 1985 U.S. Pat. No. 4,560,666

Non Patent Literature

[0058] Branemark 1969 Scand. J. Plast. Reconstr. Surg., 3, 81-100

[0059] Hench 1971 J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Symposium No. 2 (Part 1), 117-141

[0060] Li 1992 J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 75 (S) 2094-2097

[0061] Yilmaz 2007 J. Prosth. Dent., 98, 120-128

[0062] Pozhitkov 2015 Plos One, 10 (10): e0140393