Cyclone with guide vanes

Abstract

A cyclone for the separation of solid particles and/or at least one liquid from a fluid, featuring a housing, an inlet opening for introducing the fluid together with the solid particles and/or the at least one liquid into the housing, a discharge port for the solid particles and/or the at least one liquid, a dip tube for discharging the fluid from the housing, and at least two guide vanes. Each guiding vanes shows a geometrical form with at least three edges e1, e2, e3. Further, each guide vane is directly or indirectly fixed to the housing with at least one edge e3 at a fixing point, whereby an area a is defined as the cross-sectional area of the housing intersecting the fixed edges e3. In addition, each guide vane shows at least two edges e1 and e2 which are not fixed to the housing, whereby the first edge e1 has a distance d1 and the second edge e2 has a distance d2, and whereby d1<d2 to the centerline c of the housing. According to the invention, the first edge e1 shows a distance L1 to the area a and the second edge e2 shows a distance L2, whereby L2>1,25*L1.

Claims

1. A cyclone for the separation of solid particles and/or at least one liquid from a fluid, comprising a housing, an inlet opening for introducing the fluid together with the solid particles and/or the at least one liquid into the housing, a discharge port for the solid particles and/or the at least one liquid, a dip tube for discharging the fluid from the housing, and at least two guide vanes, each with a geometrical form with at least three corners e1, e2, e3 and each guide vane being directly or indirectly fixed to the housing with at least one corner e3 at a fixing point, whereby an area a is defined as the cross-sectional area of the housing intersecting the fixed corners e3, whereby each guide vane shows at least two corners e1 and e2 which are not fixed to the housing, whereby the first corner e1 has a distance d1 and the second corner e2 has a distance d2, and whereby dl<d2 to the centerline c of the housing wherein the first corner e1 shows a distance L1 to the area a and the second corner e2 shows a distance L2, whereby L2 >1.25L1, wherein the geometric form features at least four corners e1, e2, e3 and e4, whereby two corners e3 and e4 are fixed directly or indirectly, and wherein the geometric form is a trapezoid and the connection between the two corners e1 and e2 is one of the trapezoid's parallel sides.

2. The cyclone according to claim 1, wherein the discharge port is arranged opposite to the inlet opening.

3. The cyclone according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the guide vanes is curved in one axis.

4. The cyclone according to claim 3, wherein the radius of the curving changes over the distance between corner e1 and corner e3 and/or corner e2 and corner e3.

5. The cyclone according to claim 1, wherein the at least two of the guides vanes are mounted on a support element which is fixed at the housing.

6. The cyclone according claim 1, wherein the distance between the area a to the opening of the dip tube in the housing is maximum 40% of the overall length of the housing and/or that the distance between the area a to the opening of the dip tube is at a height of between 60 and 100% of the overall length of the housing measured from the discharged port.

7. The cyclone according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the opening of the dip tube and the housing cap is between 0 and 70% of the total length of the housing.

8. A support element with at least four guide vanes, whereby each guide vane comprises a geometrical form with at least three corners e1, e2 and e3, whereby at least one corner e3 is fixed to the support element at fixing points, whereby each guide vane comprises at least two corners e1 and e2 which are not fixed to the support element, whereby the first corner e1 has a distance d1 and the second corner e2 has a distance d2, and whereby dl<d2 to a centerline c of a housing, wherein the support element forms the area a and that the first corner e1 comprises a distance L1 to the area a and the second corner e2 comprises a distance L2, whereby L2 >1.25L1, wherein the geometric form features at least four corners e1, e2, e3 and e4, whereby two corners e3 and e4 are fixed directly or indirectly, and wherein the geometric form is a trapezoid and the connection between the two corners e1 and e2 is one of the trapezoid's parallel sides.

Description

(1) In the drawings:

(2) FIG. 1a shows a longitudinal section of a tangentional cyclone according to a first embodiment,

(3) FIG. 1b shows a section through the inlet opening of the cyclone of FIG. 1a,

(4) FIG. 1c shows a longitudinal section of an axial cyclone,

(5) FIG. 2 shows a support element with guide vanes according to the state of the art and

(6) FIG. 3 shows a support element with guide vanes according to the invention.

(7) The basic construction of a tangential cyclone 1 as is used for the separation of solids or liquids from a fluid stream is schematically shown in FIG. 1a.

(8) The cyclone 1 according to the present invention comprises a cylindrical upper housing part 2 and a conical lower housing part 3. The cylindrical housing part 2 and the conical housing part 3 together form the housing 2, 3 of the cyclone 1, i.e. the cyclone housing 2, 3. The upper end of the cyclone housing 2, 3 is closed with a housing cap 5.

(9) A dip tube or vortex finder 12 is inserted in a central opening of the housing cap 5 so that the dip tube 12 extends partially outside and partially inside the cyclone housing 2, 3.

(10) A feed channel 7 is connected with its first end with an inlet opening 6 in the cylindrical housing part 2 of the cyclone 1. With the second end the feed channel 7 may, for example, be connected with the discharge opening of a blast furnace/a fluidized bed. The inlet opening 6 and the feed channel 7 which is directly placed thereon are arranged at the upper end of the cylindrical housing part 2. Preferably, in this case the upper wall 9 of the feed channel 7 and the housing cap 5 are arranged in a coplanar manner.

(11) Typically, the cyclone 1 is arranged such that the conical housing part 3 is oriented downwards into the direction of the gravitational field. At its lowest point the discharge port 4 is provided through which the particles and/or the liquid which has been extracted from the fluid stream can be discharged.

(12) During operation the fluid stream together with the particles is fed through the feed channel 7 and the inlet opening 6 into the housing part 2. This effected in a typically tangential manner (cf. FIG. 1b) so that a circular movement of the fluid stream is induced. The fluid stream moves on a helical path from the inlet opening 6 into the direction of the conical region 3. Due to the centrifugal force the particles are transported to the outer wall of the cyclone 1 and there, by the effect of gravitation, they move into the direction of the discharge port 4. The purified gas or, in the case of a hydrocyclone, the purified liquid exits the cyclone 1 upwards through the dip tube 12.

(13) According to the invention, the cyclone 1 features at least two guide vanes 10a, 10b. These guide vanes 10a, 10b are mounted such that an area a is defined as the cross-sectional area of the housing intersecting the fixing points, whereby each guide vane shows at least two edges e1 and e2 which are not fixed to the housing. The first edge e1 has a distance d1 and the second edge e2 has a distance d2 to the cyclone central axis, whereby d1<d2 to the centerline of the housing.

(14) FIG. 1c is directed to an axial cyclone. However, the only difference is the position of the feed channel 7 which introduces the incoming stream comprising a fluid with particles and/or liquid droplets from the top of the cyclone 1.

(15) FIG. 2 shows the guide vanes 10 known from the state in the art in more detail. All guide vanes 10 are fixed to a support element, which is also used to install the guide vanes 10 into the cyclone 1. In case a support element is used, the area described by the support element, e.g. a circle defined by ring, is the area a.

(16) As it can be seen from FIG. 2, both edges e1 and e2, which are not fixed to the support element, show the same distance to the area a.

(17) FIG. 3 depicts a design of the guide vanes 10 being mounted to a support element 11, which also defined area a. The distance from the first edge e1 to the area a is defined as length I1 while the distance from the second edge e2 to the area a is defined as length I2. Both lengths I1 and I2 depend from each other such that I2 >1,25*I1.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS

(18) 1 cyclone

(19) 2 cylindrical housing part

(20) 3 conical housing part

(21) 4 discharge port

(22) 5 housing cap

(23) 6 inlet opening

(24) 7 feed channel

(25) 8 inner wall of the feed channel

(26) 9 upper wall of the feed channel

(27) 10a,b guide vane

(28) 11 support element

(29) 12 dip tube

(30) a area described by the fix points of the guide vanes

(31) c cyclone central axis

(32) e1-e4 edges of the guide vane

(33) d1, d2 distance of an edge to the cyclone central axis

(34) I1, I2 distance of an edge to the area a