Conjoined Class-Based Networking

Abstract

A data communication network includes two logically distinct class-based networks conjoined by at least one common node that has membership in each of the respective classes of the two logically distinct class-based networks. Optionally, three or more class-based networks may be conjoined to form a data communications network.

Claims

1-20. (canceled)

21. A method for maintaining information regarding communication links between a plurality of nodes in a wireless network, the method implemented by a first node, the first node including an audio codec and analog circuitry for audio playback via a speaker, the method comprising: for each communication link that is established with one or more other nodes, recording an identification of the other nodes; receiving a packet, by the first node from another node via the communication link with the other node, the packet including a network pathway by which the packet was communicated in the wireless network; communicating another packet to a destination node in the wireless network that is intended for receipt by the destination node, the communicating of the packet by the first node including: determining whether one or more network pathways from the first node to the destination node are known by the first node; determining a preferred network pathway from the known network pathways; and communicating the packet to the destination node via the preferred network pathway in the wireless network.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein if there is no known network pathway from the first node to the destination node, the method further comprising: communicating with the plurality of nodes to determine a network pathway to the destination node.

23. The method of claim 21, wherein the determining the preferred network pathway from the known network pathways is based at least in part on a number of hops between the nodes in the known network pathways.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the determining the preferred network pathway based on an overall number of hops of each of the one or more network pathways.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the determining the preferred network pathway from the known network pathways comprises comparing the overall number of hops of the known network pathways.

26. The method of claim 21, wherein the determining whether the one or more network pathways from the first node to the destination node are known by the first node includes searching the maintained information for a network pathway from the first node to the destination node.

27. The method of claim 26, wherein the maintained information that is searched includes any network pathway to the destination node that is identified in the packet.

28. The method of claim 21, the first node the first node comprising a microphone; and the method further comprising: detecting a sound with the microphone: encoding a packet including a pathway and data indicative of the detected sound; and transmitting the encoded packet.

29. The method of claim 21, the first node comprising a housing and indicator lights visible on the outside of the housing, and the method further comprising: using one or more of the indicator lights to indicate that power to the first node is on or off.

30. The method of claim 21, the first node comprising a housing and indicator lights visible on the outside of the housing, and the method further comprising: using one or more of the indicator lights to indicate local area network or wide area network connectivity.

31. A wireless communication device operating as a node for communication in a wireless network comprising a plurality of nodes, the wireless communication device comprising: a receiver configured to receive radio frequency transmissions; a transmitter configured to transmit radio frequency transmissions; a memory configured to maintain information regarding communication links between the plurality of nodes in the wireless network; an audio codec and analog circuitry for audio playback via a speaker; and electronic components of the wireless communication device configured to: for each communication link that is established with one or more other nodes, record an identification of the other nodes; receive from another node, using the receiver and via the communication link with the other node, a packet including a network pathway by which the packet was communicated in the wireless network; communicate another packet, using the transmitter, to a destination node in the wireless network, the packet intended for receipt by the destination node, the communication of the packet including to: determine whether one or more network pathways from the node to the destination node are known by the node; determine a preferred network pathway from the known network pathways; and transmit the packet, using the transmitter, to the destination node via the preferred network pathway.

32. The wireless communication device of claim 31, wherein if there is no known network pathway from the node to the destination node, the electronic components are configured to: communicate with the plurality of nodes to determine a network pathway to the destination node.

33. The wireless communication device of claim 31, wherein the determination of the preferred network pathway from the known network pathways is based at least in part on a number of hops between the nodes in the known network pathways.

34. The wireless communication device of claim 33, wherein the determination of the preferred network pathway based on an overall number of hops of each of the one or more network pathways.

35. The wireless communication device of claim 34, wherein the determination of the preferred network pathway from the known network pathways comprises comparing the overall number of hops of the known network pathways.

36. The wireless communication device of claim 31, wherein the determination of whether the one or more network pathways from the node to the destination node are known by the node, includes a search of the maintained information for a network pathway from the node to the destination node.

37. The wireless communication device of claim 36, wherein the maintained information that is searched includes any network pathway to the destination node that is identified in the packet.

38. The wireless communication device of claim 31, further comprising a microphone; and the electronic components further configured to: based on detecting a sound with the microphone: encode a packet including a pathway and data indicative of the detected sound; and transmit the encoded packet.

39. The wireless communication device of claim 31, further comprising: a housing; and indicator lights visible on the outside of the housing; and the electronic components further configured to: indicate, using one or more of the indicator lights, that power to the wireless communication device is on or off.

40. The wireless communication device of claim 31, further comprising: a housing; and indicator lights visible on the outside of the housing; and the electronic components further configured to: indicate, using one or more of the indicator lights, local area network or wide area network connectivity.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] One or more preferred embodiments of the present invention now will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the same elements are referred to with the same reference numerals, and wherein,

[0045] FIGS. 1-4 illustrate a first plurality of remote sensor nodes and a gateway; and

[0046] FIGS. 5-8 illustrate a second plurality of remote sensor nodes and a gateway.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] As a preliminary matter, it will readily be understood by one having ordinary skill in the relevant art (Ordinary Artisan) that the present invention has broad utility and application. Furthermore, any embodiment discussed and identified as being preferred is considered to be part of a best mode contemplated for carrying out the present invention. Other embodiments also may be discussed for additional illustrative purposes in providing a full and enabling disclosure of the present invention. Moreover, many embodiments, such as adaptations, variations, modifications, and equivalent arrangements, will be implicitly disclosed by the embodiments described herein and fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0048] Accordingly, while the present invention is described herein in detail in relation to one or more embodiments, it is to be understood that this disclosure is illustrative and exemplary of the present invention, and is made merely for the purposes of providing a full and enabling disclosure of the present invention. The detailed disclosure herein of one or more embodiments is not intended, nor is to be construed, to limit the scope of patent protection afforded the present invention, which scope is to be defined by the claims and the equivalents thereof. It is not intended that the scope of patent protection afforded the present invention be defined by reading into any claim a limitation found herein that does not explicitly appear in the claim itself.

[0049] Thus, for example, any sequence(s) and/or temporal order of steps of various processes or methods that are described herein are illustrative and not restrictive. Accordingly, it should be understood that, although steps of various processes or methods may be shown and described as being in a sequence or temporal order, the steps of any such processes or methods are not limited to being carried out in any particular sequence or order, absent an indication otherwise. Indeed, the steps in such processes or methods generally may be carried out in various different sequences and orders while still falling within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that the scope of patent protection afforded the present invention is to be defined by the appended claims rather than the description set forth herein.

[0050] Additionally, it is important to note that each term used herein refers to that which the Ordinary Artisan would understand such term to mean based on the contextual use of such term herein. To the extent that the meaning of a term used hereinas understood by the Ordinary Artisan based on the contextual use of such termdiffers in any way from any particular dictionary definition of such term, it is intended that the meaning of the term as understood by the Ordinary Artisan should prevail.

[0051] Furthermore, it is important to note that, as used herein, a and an each generally denotes at least one, but does not exclude a plurality unless the contextual use dictates otherwise. Thus, reference to a picnic basket having an apple describes a picnic basket having at least one apple as well as a picnic basket having apples. In contrast, reference to a picnic basket having a single apple describes a picnic basket having only one apple.

[0052] When used herein to join a list of items, or denotes at least one of the items, but does not exclude a plurality of items of the list. Thus, reference to a picnic basket having cheese or crackers describes a picnic basket having cheese without crackers, a picnic basket having crackers without cheese, and a picnic basket having both cheese and crackers. Finally, when used herein to join a list of items, and denotes all of the items of the list. Thus, reference to a picnic basket having cheese and crackers describes a picnic basket having cheese, wherein the picnic basket further has crackers, as well as describes a picnic basket having crackers, wherein the picnic basket further has cheese.

[0053] Referring now to the drawings, one or more preferred embodiments of the present invention are next described. The following description of one or more preferred embodiments is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its implementations, or uses.

[0054] FIG. 1 illustrates a data communications network in accordance with one of many different preferred embodiments of the present invention. The network includes a gateway and a plurality of wireless data communication devices comprising remote sensor nodes (sometimes referred to, and hereinafter, RSN, RSN or simply node).

[0055] RSNs 111,113,115,117 are shown in FIGS. 1-4 together with a gateway 119. As illustrated, each RSN 111,113,115,117 lies within a transmission range (represented by the dashed circles in the figures) of each immediately adjacent RSN; RSN 117 lies within a transmission range of the gateway 119; and gateway 119 lies within a transmission range of RSN 117. The RSNs 111,113,115,117 are configured for class-based communications, and the classes of the RSNs 111,113,115,117 are illustrated in these FIGS. 1-4. Specifically, RSN 111 is a member of class A; RSN 113 is a member of class A and class B; RSN 115 is a member of class A and C; RSN 117 is a member of class A and class D. Additionally, in this example, none of these classes A, B, C or D is deemed to be a subset or superset of any of the other classes. The gateway 119 preferably is configured to communicate with any members of these classes.

[0056] In accordance with a first class-based networking protocol, as more fully described for example in incorporated U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,745,027; 6,934,540; 7,200,132; 7,209,468; and 7,221,668, the RSNs 111,113,115,117 are configured to form class-based networks based on class memberships. As will be appreciated, because all of the RSNs 111,113,115,117 are members of the same class A, these RSNs form a class A communications network by which RSN 111 communicates with the gateway 119 by hopping a message along RSNs 113,115,117, as shown in FIGS. 1-3, with RSN 117 communicating the message originated by RSN 11 to the gateway 119, as shown in FIG. 4. In this sequence of communications, each RSN 111,113,115,117 makes a respective class A transmission 112,114,116,118, as represented in FIGS. 1-4.

[0057] In contrast to the class-based networking illustrated in FIGS. 1-4, a different networking protocol is now described with reference to FIGS. 5-8. In these figures, RSNs 211,213,215,217 are shown in FIGS. 5-8 together with a gateway 219. Each RSN 211,213,215,217 lies within a transmission range (represented by the dashed circles in the figures) of each immediately adjacent RSN; RSN 217 lies within a transmission range of the gateway 219; and gateway 219 lies within a transmission range of RSN 217. The classes of the RSNs 211,213,215,217 are illustrated in FIGS. 17-20. Specifically, RSN 211 is a member of class B; RSN 213 is a member of class A and class B; RSN 215 is a member of class A and C; RSN 217 is a member of class C and class D. Additionally, in this example, none of these classes is deemed to be a subset or super set of any of the other classes, and the gateway 219 preferably is configured to communicate with any members of these classes.

[0058] In accordance with a the networking protocol illustrated in FIGS. 5-8, the RSNs 211,213,215,217 are configured to form networks comprising separate and distinct class-based networks that are conjoined by RSNs that are members of more than one of the classes. In this respect, the RSNs that are members of more than one class (i.e., RSNs 213,215,217) communicate class-based messages of a particular class via class-based networks of a different class, in which the RSN is a member, when class-based communications within the class of the incoming transmission are unavailable. These RSNs having multiple memberships thereby serve as communications bridges betweenand that conjoinotherwise logically distinct class-based communication networks. Such a network is referred to herein as a Conjoined Class-Based Network and such type of networking protocol is referred to herein as Conjoined Class-Based Networking.

[0059] Specifically, RSN 211 communicates a message by making a class B transmission 212, which is received and processed by RSN 213, which also is a member of class B. RSN 213, however, is unable to further communicate the message within a class B network, as no other intermediate RSN of class B is within transmission range for communicating with the gateway 219. Nevertheless, RSN 213 is a member of class A and therefore communicates the message by making a class A transmission 214, which is received and processed by RSN 215, which also is a member of class A. RSN 215 is unable to further communicate the message within a class A network, as no other intermediate RSN of class A is within transmission range for communicating with the gateway 219. Nevertheless, RSN 215 is a member of class C and therefore communicates the message by making a class C transmission 216, which is received and processed by RSN 217, which also is a member of class C. RSN 215, which is within transmission range with gateway 219, then communicates the message to gateway 219 by making a class C transmission 218 as shown in FIG. 8.

[0060] As will be appreciated, by utilizing a network comprised of distinct and separate class-based networks joined by common RSNs having membership in two or more of the classes, RSN 111 is able to send a message to the gateway 119 (and on to an external network if applicable via the gateway 119) when class B networking to the gateway 119 is unavailable.

[0061] The message may be any message, such as a check-in message, a message communicating an alert, or a message responding to an inquiry. Additionally, the networking may include deterministic or nondeterministic networking, as set forth in incorporated USPA Publ. No. 2007/0002792.

[0062] In variations, each RSN may be configured in a first state in which such conjoined class-based networking is enabled; in a second state in which such conjoined class-based networking is disabled; and may be configurable between the two states based on detection of a condition, based on receipt of a command, based on predetermined times, or any of the foregoing. Moreover, an RSN may be configured for conjoined class-based networking for certain classes, but not for all classes, whereby excluded class-based networks do not participate in the conjoined class-based networks.

[0063] Also, as will be appreciated, in conjoined class-based networking, class commonality or class continuity is required only for each hop between RSNs, and not for every RSN along the pathway from the originating RSN to the gateway (or similarly to a destination RSN if the message is not intended for communication to or through a gateway).

[0064] Based on the foregoing description, it will be readily understood by those persons skilled in the art that the present invention is susceptible of broad utility and application. Many embodiments and adaptations of the present invention other than those specifically described herein, as well as many variations, modifications, and equivalent arrangements, will be apparent from or reasonably suggested by the present invention and the foregoing descriptions thereof, without departing from the substance or scope of the present invention.

[0065] Accordingly, while the present invention has been described herein in detail in relation to one or more preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that this disclosure is only illustrative and exemplary of the present invention and is made merely for the purpose of providing a full and enabling disclosure of the invention. The foregoing disclosure is not intended to be construed to limit the present invention or otherwise exclude any such other embodiments, adaptations, variations, modifications or equivalent arrangements, the present invention being limited only by the claims appended hereto and the equivalents thereof.

[0066] In such a wireless network, another aspect of the invention includes a method of maintaining, by a first node, information regarding communications links between nodes in the wireless network. The method includes the steps of: (a) for each communications link that is established with another node, recording an identification of the other node; and (b) for each message received by the first node from the other node through the communications link with the other node, recording a network pathway by which the message has been sent in the wireless network, the network pathway identifying the nodes and the communications links there between in the wireless network by which the message has been sent.

[0067] In a feature of this aspect, the method further includes recording, in association with the identification of the other node, data indicative of a link quality between the first node and the other node.

[0068] In a feature of this aspect, the method further includes recording, for each message received by the first node from the other node through the communications link with the other node, data indicative of a link quality between each communications link in the network pathway by which the message has been sent.

[0069] In a feature of this aspect, the method further includes recording, in association with the identification of the other node, data indicative of class designations of the other node.

[0070] In a feature of this aspect, the method further includes recording, for each message received by the first node from the other node through the communications link with the other node, data indicative of class designations of each node in the communications links in the network pathway by which the message has been sent.

[0071] In a feature of this aspect, the method further includes recording, for each message received by the first node from the other node through the communications link with the other node, data generally indicative of the time at which the message has been sent via the network pathway.

[0072] In a feature of this aspect, the method further includes recording, for each message received by the first node from the other node through the communications link with the other node, a network pathway to a destination node by which the message is being sent if such network pathway to the destination node is identified with the message.

[0073] In a feature of this aspect, the method further includes communicating, by the first node, the message to a subsequent node in the wireless network if the message is intended for receipt by a node other than the first node, including the steps of: determining whether one or more network pathways are known by the first node from the first node to the destination node of the message; communicating with just a single node within the communications range of the first node if a single network pathway to the destination node is known by the first node, the single node being the node identified next in the single network pathway after the first node, including sending, to the single node, the message, the single network pathway, and the link quality between the first node and the other node from which the message was received by the first node; and (c) if more than one network pathway to the destination node is known by the first node, then determining a preferred network pathway from the known network pathways in accordance with an algorithm, and communicating with just a single node within the communications range of the first node, the single node being the node identified next in the preferred network pathway after the first node, including sending, to the single node, the message, the preferred network pathway and the link quality between the first node and the other node from which the message was received by the first node; and (d) if no network pathway to the destination node is known by the first node, then communicating with one or more nodes within the communications range of the first node, including sending, the message and the link quality between the first node and the other node from which the message was received by the first node. Determining whether one or more network pathways are known by the first node from the first node to the destination node of the message may include searching the maintained information for a network pathway from the first node to the destination node, and the maintained information that is searched may include any network pathway to the destination node that is identified with the message.

[0074] In features of this aspect, determining a preferred network pathway from the known network pathways in accordance with an algorithm includes comparing the general times at which messages were sent via the network pathways; comparing the number of hops between nodes in the known network pathways; and/or comparing the overall link quality of the known network pathways.

[0075] In such a wireless network, another aspect of the invention includes a method of maintaining information regarding communications links between nodes in the wireless network includes recording, by a server, for each message that is received by the server from the wireless network, a network pathway by which the message has been sent in the wireless network, the network pathway identifying the nodes and the communications links therebetween in the wireless network by which the message has been sent.

[0076] In a feature of this aspect, the method further includes recording, in association with the identification of the nodes and the communications links therebetween in the wireless network by which the message has been sent, data indicative of a link quality for each communications link.

[0077] In a feature of this aspect, the method further includes recording, in association with each network pathway by which the message has been sent, data indicative of overall link quality for the network pathway.

[0078] In a feature of this aspect, the method further includes recording, in association with each network pathway by which the message has been sent, data generally indicative of the time at which the message was sent via the network pathway.

[0079] In a feature of this aspect, the method further includes: (a) determining, based on the maintained information, a network pathway for communicating a message to a destination node of the wireless network, and (b) communicating the message to a gateway node of the wireless network together with the determined network pathway to the destination node.

[0080] In a feature of this aspect, the method further includes distributing, to one or more nodes of the wireless network, information regarding communications links based on the information maintained by said server.

[0081] In a feature of this aspect, the method further includes distributing, to one or more nodes of the wireless network, information regarding network pathways based on the information maintained by said server.

[0082] In additional feature of the foregoing aspects, a message may be communicated between nodes utilizing transmission control protocol (TCP), and messages may be communicated between nodes of the wireless network via data packets.

[0083] In addition to the foregoing methods in accordance with aspects the invention, other aspects of the invention relate to wireless networks that utilize such methods and, in particular, such wireless networks that are ad hoc wireless networks. The wireless networks furthermore may comprise class-based wireless network that may be utilized for monitoring and/or tracking assets.

[0084] In features of these aspects, a node of the wireless network may be a data communications device and include, for example, a standards based radio such as a Bluetooth radio. The node may further includes a wireless receiver for powering up the standards based radio upon receipt of a broadcast that is intended for the standards based radio. The second wireless receiver further may perform a stepped wake-up sequence of the standards based radio. The standards based radio further may include a sensor interface whereby data is acquired by the data communications device from an associated sensor, and the wireless network may comprise a remote sensor interface (RSI) network.